Cardiac OutputElectric ImpedanceCardiography, ImpedancePlethysmography, ImpedanceHemodynamicsThermodilutionMyocytes, CardiacCardiac Output, LowVascular ResistanceHeartDielectric SpectroscopyHeart RateBlood PressureDye Dilution TechniqueCardiac Output, HighCardiac Surgical ProceduresStroke VolumeDogsArrhythmias, CardiacRegional Blood FlowPulmonary CirculationOxygen ConsumptionBlood CirculationMonitoring, PhysiologicCardiac Pacing, ArtificialHeart FailureMyocardial ContractionCatheterization, Swan-GanzCardiac CatheterizationHeart Function TestsBlood VolumeTime FactorsDeath, Sudden, CardiacIndicator Dilution TechniquesElectrodesHeart VentriclesMyocardiumVentricular Function, LeftHeart DiseasesEchocardiographyCardiac TamponadeCardiovascular Physiological PhenomenaReproducibility of ResultsElectrocardiographyBlood Flow VelocityCardiomegalyOxygenHeart ArrestBody WaterModels, CardiovascularTomographyCardiac VolumePhysical ExertionCentral Venous PressurePulmonary ArteryAcoustic Impedance TestsCarbon DioxideRespirationBody CompositionBlood Gas AnalysisEquipment DesignCardiotonic AgentsProspective StudiesEchocardiography, DopplerExercise TestVentricular FunctionPulmonary Wedge PressureCardiovascular SystemPulmonary Gas ExchangeCardiomyopathiesCoronary CirculationSwinePacemaker, ArtificialMonitoring, IntraoperativeVentricular Dysfunction, LeftPostureModels, BiologicalExerciseSupine PositionRespiratory MechanicsHypertension, PulmonaryCardiac Resynchronization TherapyHeart Defects, CongenitalNorepinephrineTreatment OutcomePulsatile FlowAirway ResistanceAortaCardiopulmonary ResuscitationSheepMyocardial InfarctionRats, Sprague-DawleyBlood Volume DeterminationFetal HeartHypotensionSplanchnic CirculationDisease Models, AnimalMuscle, SkeletalHeart TransplantationVentricular Remodeling