These include increasing oxygen availability, directly radiosensitizing or killing the hypoxic cells, indirectly affecting them by targeting the tumor vascular supply, increasing the radiation dose to this resistant population, or by using radiation with a high linear energy transfer, for which hypoxia is believed to be less of an issue. (iaea.org)
Many of these approaches have undergone controlled clinical trials during the last 50 years, and the results have shown that hypoxic radiation resistance can indeed be overcome. (iaea.org)
Fetal2
Preterm Fetal Hypoxia-Ischemia Causes Hypertonia and Motor Deficits in the Neonatal Rabbit: A Model for Human Cerebral Palsy? (jneurosci.org)
It is characterized by metabolic acidosis with an arterial pH of less than 7 and a basal deficit greater than or equal to 12 mmol/L. Its occurrence is related to a severe alteration of uteroplacental gas exchange leading to fetal hypoxia and immediate respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis, reflecting an alteration of cellular metabolism. (scirp.org)
Cerebral4
Prenatal hypoxia-ischemia to the developing brain has been strongly implicated in the subsequent development of the hypertonic motor deficits of cerebral palsy (CP) in premature and full-term infants who present with neonatal encephalopathy. (jneurosci.org)
Hypoxia-ischemia (H-I) is also associated with subsequent cerebral injury in a disproportionately high percentage of the survivors of premature birth ( Volpe, 2001 ). (jneurosci.org)
Most previous studies have employed models of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in postnatal animals. (jneurosci.org)
The causes of disorders of consciousness include traumatic brain injuries, diffuse cerebral ischemia or hypoxia as can follow cardiac arrest, or cerebral infarction or hemorrhage. (medlink.com)
Perinatal2
These findings provide a unique behavioral model to define mechanisms and sequelae of perinatal brain injury from antenatal hypoxia-ischemia. (jneurosci.org)
This work, which is unique in this domain in Mali, will permit to understand perinatal anoxia in Mali and to improve its management. (scirp.org)
Severe4
1 Severe hypoxia causes a high mutation rate, resulting in point mutations, which may be explained by reduced DNA mismatch repair activity resulting from decreased MLH1 and PMS2 concentrations, which are caused by hypoxia. (bmj.com)
3- 5 Therefore, during severe hypoxia or anoxia, the cell initiates a cascade of events that leads to apoptotic cell death, thereby preventing the accumulation of cells with hypoxia induced mutations. (bmj.com)
7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)
Due to high rainfall, irrigation practices and/or poor soil drainage, waterlogging annually affects large areas of farmlands worldwide, and these effects result in anoxic (absence of O 2 ) soils and severe hypoxia or anoxia within crop roots. (biomedcentral.com)
Oxygen6
This in turn renders the supply of oxygen in tumor vasculature insufficient, consequently leading to formation of hypoxia or anoxia regions in malignant tumors. (nature.com)
In this study, hypoxia was characterized in cryopreservation of garlic with oxygen sensors and amino acid metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissue level oxygen measurements supported the occurrence of hypoxia while biochemical analysis indicated adaptive responses, in particular the modulation in alanine and glutamate metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
We see that the area with hypoxia (low oxygen level) or anoxia (no oxygen) has spread to a large scale, the dead zone where there's no oxygen is extensive. (yahoo.com)
This energy-conserving response is due to the continuous inward current of K+ ions, which help maintain the membrane ion gradient until the resistance is broken and anoxic depolarization begins. (wikipedia.org)
During night-time, water-column hypoxia can lead to anoxic conditions at the leaf/epiphyte interface, reducing diffusive O 2 supply and thus O 2 availability for plant respiration and transport to below-ground tissues. (frontiersin.org)
Oxygenation1
en] Since the initial observations made at the beginning of the last century, it has been established that solid tumors contain regions of low oxygenation (hypoxia). (iaea.org)
Acute1
Mammalian cells have developed a range of adaptations to survive acute and even prolonged hypoxia. (bmj.com)
Concentrations1
The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)
Processes2
Furthermore, anoxia in epiphytic biofilms can also enable anaerobic microbial processes that can lead to harmful nitric oxide production via denitrification. (frontiersin.org)
The example of nearby Lake Vico, where the spillage of agricultural chemicals has induced processes of eutrophication and hypoxia in the lake, along with the official lack of water potability in some neighboring municipalities, is an important warning not to expose the water resources and the biological heritage of Lakes Bracciano and Martignano to the same fate. (navdanyainternational.org)
Metabolic1
Taken together these biochemical data indicate the metabolic poise of A. socius is only partly explained by hypoxia in early development, and that the atypical set points are also intrinsic features of this ontogenetic period in the life cycle. (biologists.com)
Occurrence1
Despite notable advancements in the development of anti-angiogenic medications that target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFRs), the occurrence of adverse reactions and drug resistance has somewhat impeded the widespread application of these drugs. (biomedcentral.com)
Anaerobic1
Calorimetric-respirometric(CR) ratios of -353 (day 3) to -333 (day 7) kJ mol -1 O 2 are consistent with embryos that are aerobically recovering from hypoxia, but are inconsistent with an ongoing anaerobic contribution to metabolism. (biologists.com)
Conclusion1
In conclusion, AFAP1L1, a newly identified hypoxia-related regulatory protein, can be activated by HIF-1α. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissue1
5-HEPE reduces obesity and insulin resistance by promoting adipose tissue browning through GPR119/AMPK/PGC1α activation. (sablesys.com)
Mechanisms1
Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
Obesity1
Though the diagnostic criteria for MetS has been variably defined in the literature, most definitions now include the presence of at least three of the following: Abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, elevated fasting plasma glucose, high serum triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein levels. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Reduces1
Hypoxia reduces the ability of a cell to maintain its energy level, because less ATP will be obtained from glycolysis than from oxidative phosphorylation. (bmj.com)
Survive1
The severity of hypoxia determines whether cells become apoptotic or adapt to hypoxia and survive. (bmj.com)
Insulin1
A requirement of insulin resistance and abdominal adiposity as part of the diagnostic criteria depends on the group or agency proposing the definition. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
Diseases2
The varieties of maize hybrids with increased tolerance to heat and drought stress and resistance to pests and diseases are serious for handling existing climatic variability and for adaptation to progressive climate change. (lupinepublishers.com)
Researchers have long studied naked mole rats for their long lifespans and exceptional resistance to age-related diseases. (yahoo.com)
Gene5
Scientists successfully introduced into mice a gene responsible for making high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) - a molecule responsible for naked mole rats' unusual resistance to cancer. (yahoo.com)
2 In addition, hypoxia induces genetic instability by the induction of fragile sites causing gene amplification. (bmj.com)
Field Evaluation of Transgenic Squash Containing Single or Multiple Virus Coat Protein Gene Constructs for Resistance to Cucumber vertical Virus, Watermelon other Virus 2, and Zucchini Yellow yellow Virus. (be-mindful.de)
35S RNA Interference Targeting V2 Gene of Cotton Leaf Curl Kokhran Virus-Burewala Strain Can remain Resistance in Transgenic Cotton Plants. (be-mindful.de)
Broad Spectrum Resistance to ssDNA Viruses Associated with Transgene-Induced Gene Silencing in Cassava. (be-mindful.de)
Mortality1
If the part of neonatal anoxia in neonatal mortality is known in Mali [6] , however, its epidemio-clinical characteristics had never been studied before. (scirp.org)
High1
However, unfavorable environmental conditions such as water-column hypoxia, increasing temperature and high nutrient inputs that are predicted to increase in frequency and severity in the Anthropocene, can render the leaf microenvironment into a hostile microhabitat that is challenging or even harmful for the plants-especially if leaves are covered by epiphytic biofilms. (frontiersin.org)
Patients1
The prognosis was poor in grade III anoxia in our patients (56%) of deaths. (scirp.org)
Effects1
Management plans should avoid the generalized assumption that combined stressors will result in multiplicative effects and focus attention on alleviating hypoxia in the region. (copernicus.org)
Study1
In the present study, a new neurobehavioral battery of tests was used to characterize the motor performance of newborn pups after sustained hypoxia-ischemia to the preterm rabbit fetus at 67-70% gestation. (jneurosci.org)
Factors1
During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
Presence1
Substantial data confirm the presence of hypoxia in many types of human tumors, although with considerable heterogeneity among individual tumors. (iaea.org)
Major1
The périnatal anoxia (PA) is a major health issue in Mali because of its frequency and severity. (scirp.org)
Cells1
Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
Predicted to increase1
Coastal hypoxia is a problem that is predicted to increase rapidly in the future. (copernicus.org)
Solid2
In solid tumours, hypoxia is a common phenomenon. (bmj.com)
Hypoxia is a common phenomenon in solid tumours because impaired vascular function results in an inadequate blood supply. (bmj.com)