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SerumAsymptomaticSymptomsChronic hypocalcemiaPediatric HypocalcemiaSymptomaticHypoparathyroidismParathyroid hormoneAcuteTetanyNeuromuscular excitabilityDiagnosisLaboratoryComplicationsCarpopedalSigns2022IrritabilityCalcium levelsRegulatoryPatientsTotalVitaminFeaturesKidneyCommonChildrenHighCases

Serum7

• Hypocalcemia is a medical condition characterized by low calcium levels in the blood serum. (wikipedia.org)
• In children, hypocalcemia is defined as a total serum calcium concentration less than 2.1 mmol/L (8.5 mg/dL). (medscape.com)
• In term infants, hypocalcemia is defined as total serum calcium concentration less than 2 mmol/L (8 mg/dL) or ionized fraction of less than 1.1 mmol/L (4.4 mg/dL). (medscape.com)
• In preterm infants, hypocalcemia is defined as total serum calcium concentration less than 1.75 mmol/L (7 mg/dL) is defined as hypocalcemia in infants weighing less than 1500 g birthweight. (medscape.com)
• Hypocalcemia is a state of electrolyte imbalance in which the circulating serum calcium level is low. (bmj.com)
• Hypocalcemia may occur subsequent to failure of any of the mechanisms by which serum calcium concentration is maintained. (bmj.com)
• The present study aims to evaluate the potential for using preoperative serum vitamin D concentrations to predict postoperative hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy in a homogenous group of patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Asymptomatic4

• The presentation of hypocalcemia varies widely, from asymptomatic to life-threatening. (medscape.com)
• Laboratory hypocalcemia is often asymptomatic, and its treatment in neonates is controversial. (medscape.com)
• Hypocalcemia varies from a mild asymptomatic biochemical abnormality to a life-threatening disorder. (bmj.com)
• The presentations of patients with hypocalcemia vary widely, from asymptomatic to life-threatening situations. (medscape.com)

Symptoms4

• The neuromuscular symptoms of hypocalcemia are caused by a positive bathmotropic effect (i.e. increased responsiveness) due to the decreased interaction of calcium with sodium channels. (wikipedia.org)
• Intravenous calcium infusion is essential to raise calcium levels and resolve or minimize symptoms in the setting of acute hypocalcemia. (springer.com)
• The treatment of hypocalcemia depends on the cause, the severity, the presence of symptoms, and how rapidly the hypocalcemia developed. (medscape.com)
• Quantitatively severe hypocalcemia can sometimes present with few symptoms, if onset has been protracted and chronic. (bmj.com)

Chronic hypocalcemia1

• Oral calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation is the most frequently used as treatment of chronic hypocalcemia. (springer.com)

Pediatric Hypocalcemia2

• For more information on hypocalcemia in children, see Pediatric Hypocalcemia . (medscape.com)
• For more information on hypocalcemia, see the Medscape Reference articles Hypocalcemia in Emergency Medicine and Pediatric Hypocalcemia . (medscape.com)

Symptomatic3

• [ 1 ] Symptomatic patients with classic clinical findings of acute hypocalcemia require immediate resuscitation and evaluation. (medscape.com)
• In addition, adverse event reports submitted to the FDA suggested in a separate, internal study that patients on dialysis treated with Prolia are at 'substantial risk for severe and symptomatic hypocalcemia, including hospitalization and death. (drug-injury.com)
• while the odds of symptomatic hypocalcaemia for patients with severe vitamin D deficiency was 10.18 times (95% CI: 1.14-90.86, P = 0.04) greater than for those with vitamin D sufficiency. (biomedcentral.com)

Hypoparathyroidism4

• The most common cause for hypocalcemia is iatrogenic hypoparathyroidism. (wikipedia.org)
• Hypoparathyroidism is a common cause of hypocalcemia. (wikipedia.org)
• Some people with autosomal dominant hypocalcemia also have low levels of a hormone called parathyroid hormone (hypoparathyroidism). (medlineplus.gov)
• The most frequent cause of hypocalcemia is postsurgical hypoparathyroidism, while a more comprehensive search for other causes is needed for appropriate treatment in the non PTH-mediated forms. (springer.com)

Parathyroid hormone1

• Disorders causing hypocalcemia can be divided into parathyroid hormone (PTH) and non-PTH mediated. (springer.com)

Acute2

• Acute hypocalcemia can lead to paresthesia, tetany, and seizures (characteristic physical signs may be observed, including Chvostek sign, which is poorly sensitive and specific of hypocalcemia, and Trousseau sign). (bmj.com)
• SOCIETY FOR ENDOCRINOLOGY ENDOCRINE EMERGENCY GUIDANCE: Emergency management of acute hypocalcaemia in adult patients. (bmj.com)

Tetany1

• On occasion, severe hypocalcemia may result in seizures, tetany, refractory hypotension, or arrhythmias that require a more aggressive approach, including intravenous infusions of calcium. (medscape.com)

Neuromuscular excitability1

• The clinical features of hypocalcemia largely manifest through neuromuscular excitability. (bmj.com)

Diagnosis2

• The aim of this clinical narrative review is to summarize and critically appraise the literature on the differential diagnosis of hypocalcemia and to provide its correct management. (springer.com)
• Diagnosis and management of hypocalcaemia. (bmj.com)

Laboratory4

• However, most cases of hypocalcemia are discovered by clinical suspicion and appropriate laboratory testing. (medscape.com)
• Most cases of hypocalcemia are clinically mild and require only supportive treatment and further laboratory evaluation. (medscape.com)
• Hypocalcemia is a laboratory and clinical abnormality that is observed with relative frequency, especially in neonatal pediatric patients. (medscape.com)
• During hypocalcemia, the total calcium level and the ionized calcium level fall below the laboratory reference range. (bmj.com)

Complications2

• More challenging is the long-term hypocalcemia treatment, due to its associated complications. (springer.com)
• The FDA explained it issued the alert because of 'the frequency and seriousness' of the risk for hypocalcemia and resulting complications. (drug-injury.com)

Carpopedal1

• The most common features of autosomal dominant hypocalcemia include muscle spasms in the hands and feet (carpopedal spasms) and muscle cramping, prickling or tingling sensations (paresthesias), or twitching of the nerves and muscles (neuromuscular irritability) in various parts of the body. (medlineplus.gov)

Signs1

• Impairment of the processes that increase calcium can also disrupt the normal regulation of other molecules, such as phosphate and magnesium, leading to other signs of autosomal dominant hypocalcemia. (medlineplus.gov)

20221

• Returning to the November 2022 FDA Drug Safety Communication about the Prolia - hypocalcemia side effect safety signal, we point out this FDA statement: 'We will communicate our final conclusions and recommendations when we have completed our review or have more information to share. (drug-injury.com)

Irritability1

• Hypocalcemia manifests as central nervous system (CNS) irritability and poor muscular contractility. (medscape.com)

Calcium levels3

• As a result, calcium levels in the blood remain low, causing hypocalcemia. (medlineplus.gov)
• However, children with hypocalcemia in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) have mortality rates higher than those of children with normal calcium levels. (medscape.com)
• Circulating calcium levels are impaired by several factors, but hypocalcemia is mainly secondary to the imbalance of calcium absorption, excretion, and distribution. (bmj.com)

Regulatory1

• Of course, we will watch for the FDA's determination on possible regulatory action as regards this Prolia - hypocalcemia side effect -- for example, stronger drug safety warnings in a revised Prolia drug label -- and report on any such developments here on Drug Injury Watch. (drug-injury.com)

Patients6

• Hypocalcemia is frequently encountered in patients who are hospitalized. (medscape.com)
• The FDA said its review of these interim results suggested an increased risk of hypocalcemia with Prolia in patients with advanced kidney disease. (drug-injury.com)
• Fourteen patients who had convulsions, all of them were having QTc prolongation and Ten had hypocalcemia. (thepharmajournal.com)
• A total number of eight patients had muscle spasm, of which six had QTc prolongation and five had hypocalcemia. (thepharmajournal.com)
• Two patients died who had hypocalcemia and QTc prolongation due to hepatorenal syndrome. (thepharmajournal.com)
• A meta-analysis of risk factors for hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy pooling the results of eight studies indicated that the incidence of hypocalcaemia was significantly increased in patients with vitamin D deficiency [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Total2

• To evaluate the association of preoperative vitamin D levels with postoperative hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy. (biomedcentral.com)
• 10 ng/mL), is an independent predictive factor of postoperative hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy. (biomedcentral.com)

Vitamin2

• Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyse the association of vitamin D levels with the risk of hypocalcaemia after controlling for potential confounding factors. (biomedcentral.com)
• Despite an increasing number of studies investigating predictors of postoperative hypocalcaemia, there have been conflicting results regarding the impact of preoperative vitamin D deficiency. (biomedcentral.com)

Features2

• A small percentage of severely affected individuals have features of a kidney disorder called Bartter syndrome in addition to hypocalcemia. (medlineplus.gov)
• The combination of features of these two conditions is sometimes referred to as autosomal dominant hypocalcemia with Bartter syndrome or Bartter syndrome type V. (medlineplus.gov)

Kidney1

• Some people with autosomal dominant hypocalcemia have high levels of calcium in their urine (hypercalciuria), which can lead to deposits of calcium in the kidneys (nephrocalcinosis) or the formation of kidney stones (nephrolithiasis). (medlineplus.gov)

Common1

• Postoperative hypocalcaemia is the most common complication. (biomedcentral.com)

Children1

• The definition of hypocalcemia is based on both gestational and postnatal age in neonates and is different for children. (medscape.com)

High1

• There were 54 cases of cerebral malaria, of which 23 had hypocalcemia as well as QTc prolongation, 15 of them developed renal failure and 14 had high parasitaemia. (thepharmajournal.com)

Cases2

• 70 confirmed cases of malaria were included in the present study to determine the clinical and prognostic implications of hypocalcemia and correlated QT interval (QTc) prolongation in malaria. (thepharmajournal.com)
• Hypocalcemia was found in 44 cases in which QTc was prolonged. (thepharmajournal.com)