• [ 4 ] Conversely, it is crucial to recognize that patients with chronic physical disability have a higher incidence of vascular disease development, due to a greater incidence of obesity and metabolic syndrome (which herald diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia). (medscape.com)
  • Metabolic syndrome is a combination of conditions that include insulin resistance/Type II diabetes, HTN, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. (nursingcenter.com)
  • They come together as a symbiotic relationship, such as obesity coupled with insulin resistance, and with these come HTN and hyperlipidemia. (nursingcenter.com)
  • Causes of hyperlipidemia can be due to familial genetic inherited condition, high fat diet, sedentary lifestyle , obesity, diabetes , alcoholism and physiological state like in pregnancy. (medthical.com)
  • Hyperlipidemia, characterized by the abnormal blood lipid profiles, is one of the dominant factors of many chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). (hindawi.com)
  • Apart from CVD, hyperlipidemia is also closely associated with diabetes, insulin resistance, and obesity [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an overview of recent advances that have defined the first putative genes behind familial combined hyperlipidemia, the most common genetic dyslipidemia and a major risk factor for early coronary heart disease . (symptoma.com)
  • A literature search was done in PubMed from 1980 to 2021 using various combinations of Mesh termslike tobacco, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia. (bvsalud.org)
  • High levels of cholesterol or other fats ( lipids ) in the blood ( hyperlipidemia ). (webmd.com)
  • however, more than 50% of American adults have hyperlipidemia or elevated (inappropriately high) levels of lipids in their bloodstreams. (ashp.org)
  • The blood test will measure the lipoproteins levels which are different types of lipids in your blood to interpret the results. (medthical.com)
  • Young people with insulin- dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) may have a higher prevalence of eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia, and adults with longstanding diabetes and major medical complications have a higher prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety. (cdc.gov)
  • Elderly persons who have non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and other symptomatic medical conditions may also have a higher risk of developing psychological problems. (cdc.gov)
  • The guidelines recommend insulin treatment in all patients who present with ketosis or extremely high blood glucose levels because it may not be clear initially whether these patients have type 2 or type 1 diabetes. (medscape.com)
  • Male sex, higher severity of diabetes (indicated by use of insulin and oral diabetes treatments versus pills alone or use of pills alone versus no treatment), higher average systolic blood pressure, and higher hemoglobin A1c are additional factors to be considered. (institut-vision.org)
  • These parameters are also in relation with other biochemical abnormalities: decreased leptin and adiponectin [3] and high insulin resistance [4]. (symptoma.com)
  • The main risk factors of CVDs include unhealthy lifestyles, insulin resistance, hypertension (HTN), and hyperlipidemia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Digital health interventions have been shown to be clinically-effective for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension prevention and treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • Approximately 50% of patients presenting with PVD have additional symptoms related to coronary artery disease (CAD), with 90% likely to have abnormalities on coronary angiography and 40% demonstrating carotid artery disease on duplex ultrasonograms. (medscape.com)
  • It is not a disease itself, but rather a symptom of coronary artery disease, the most common type of heart disease. (rxharun.com)
  • Silent ischemia - Patients with coronary artery disease (particularly patients with diabetes) may have ischemia without symptoms. (rxharun.com)
  • It is a common presenting symptom (typically, chest pain) among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). (medscape.com)
  • When symptoms appear, they may include: Chest pain (angina) or other signs of coronary artery disease may be present at a young age. (symptoma.com)
  • Traditional risk factors for development of cardiovascular disorders including coronary artery disease are chronic kidney disease, high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking, family history of premature coronary artery disease as well as age (above 45 years in men and 55 years in women). (shifanews.com)
  • Hypertriglyceridemia occurs in various physiologic conditions and in various diseases, and high triglyceride levels are associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) and predispose to cardiovascular disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Meanwhile, the 2016 Cochrane review noted that people who follow a high-fiber diet appear to have lower total and LDL cholesterol levels than those who consume less fiber. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Association of coronary atherosclerosis with hyperapobetalipoproteinemia [increased protein but normal cholesterol levels in human plasma low density (beta) lipoproteins]. (symptoma.com)
  • Heart disease and diet MEDICATIONS If lifestyle changes do not change your cholesterol levels, or you are at very high risk of developing atherosclerotic heart disease , your doctor may recommend medication. (symptoma.com)
  • Lifestyle factors like smoking, excessive alcohol use, and lack of exercise can cause higher cholesterol levels. (rupahealth.com)
  • Some studies have found that high cholesterol foods like eggs and meats can increase total cholesterol levels. (rupahealth.com)
  • If the cholesterol levels still high despite diet and exercise regimes , to prevent risk of cardiovascular diseases , medications will be started as benefits outweighs risk. (medthical.com)
  • Factor in medications used to treat high ratios of as statins, as well as regular exercise and a. 17 mmol per liter and would thus be subjected effect of isavuconazonium sulfate by affecting hepatic Monitor Closely outward In biochemical experiments radiolabelled forms of cholesterol, such by affecting hepatic Monitor Closely (1)crizotinib increases levels of serum cholesterol levels are attended by decreases in the. (com.sa)
  • Most common risk factors include hypertension (elevated blood pressure), hyperlipidemia (increased cholesterol levels), family history of heart disease in a family member at young age (defined as men under 45 years and women under 55 years), diabetes, any vascular disease including peripheral arterial disease or prior history of stroke. (shifanews.com)
  • His blood pressure is 130/80 mm Hg, and his fasting lipid panel reveals a total cholesterol level of 220 mg per dL and a high-density lipoprotein. (aafp.org)
  • It has also been shown to reduce the lipid oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, thus promoting cardiovascular health (6). (nutrametrix.com)
  • The impact of garlic on lipid parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis, systematic review and metaanalysis on the effects of garlic preparations on blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. (portanywhere.com)
  • Researchers at Ankara University investigated the effects of garlic extract supplementation on the blood lipid (fat) profile of patients with high blood cholesterol. (portanywhere.com)
  • A blood test called a lipid panel or lipid profile will show if your cholesterol is too high. (webmd.com)
  • Familial combined hyperlipidemia is an autosomal inherited lipid abnormality and one of the most common genetic dyslipidemias , whose features partly overlap with those of the metabolic syndrome . (symptoma.com)
  • a lipid used in the production of hormones, bile salts, and cell membranes that contributes to atherosclerotic plaque formation when levels are high. (ashp.org)
  • You have to do a fasting lipid blood test in order to know if you have high cholesterol (hyperlipidemia). (medthical.com)
  • 4 Lifestyle risk factors for hypertension include high sodium intake, excessive caloric intake, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, and deficient potassium intake. (cdc.gov)
  • 9 The resulting exercise intolerance leads to physical inactivity, deconditioning, and a subsequent worsening of respiratory symptoms in a downward spiral of physical decline. (my.id)
  • At this point, the gold standard for definitive diagnosis is a liver biopsy, but, unfortunately, it is a high-risk and costly procedure, especially in light of increased bleeding times. (nursingcenter.com)
  • Once a diagnosis of NASH is made, treatment continues to be mostly symptom management, and only marginally effective. (nursingcenter.com)
  • Differential diagnosis includes familial hypercholesterolemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cryptogenic cirrhosis, and combined hyperlipidemia, as well as other lysosomal storage disorders. (orpha.net)
  • The etiology of hemorrhagic stroke is most frequently hypertension, especially in developing countries where the burden of hypertension is unknown due to infrequent screening and diagnosis. (statpearls.com)
  • His past medical history includes a diagnosis of hypertension. (ashp.org)
  • Age- and tion period and were excluded if symptoms sex-matched individuals without any cle- of infection or systemic illness were present arly evident chronic disease were recruited (acute or chronic liver disease, cancer, renal as control subjects. (who.int)
  • Symptoms of angina occur when the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked by atherosclerosis or by a blood clot. (rxharun.com)
  • She has a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and prior angina. (acc.org)
  • Hypertriglyceridemia itself is usually symptomless, although high levels may be associated with skin lesions known as xanthomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some forms of primary hypertriglyceridemia can lead to specific symptoms: both familial chylomicronemia and primary mixed hyperlipidemia include skin symptoms (eruptive xanthoma), eye abnormalities (lipemia retinalis), hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of the liver and spleen), and neurological symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The symptoms are similar to pancreatitis secondary to other causes, although the presence of xanthomas or risk factors for hypertriglyceridemia may offer clues. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3 Statins lower LDL (low-density lipoproteins) and VLDL (very-low-level lipoproteins), and they increase HDL (high-density lipoproteins). (rdhmag.com)
  • Effect of bempedoic acid vs placebo added to maximally tolerated statins on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with high risk for cardiovascular disease: the CLEAR wisdom randomized clinical trial. (acc.org)
  • In patients with CAD, efforts should be made to lower the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level (eg, with a statin). (medscape.com)
  • Moreover, the elevation of serum let-7 g was significantly associated with a low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.022) and high blood pressure (p = 0.023). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Compared to women, men had higher PCATMA and EAT volume independently of disease status, but similar or slightly lower EAT density. (bvsalud.org)
  • It involves interactions between oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) deposits, endothelial cells, leukocytes, monocytes, macrophages, T-lymphocytes and smooth muscle cells, all of which are involved in promoting cellular migration and proliferation to drive the formation of foam cell clusters abundant in atherosclerotic plaque [ 4 ]. (springer.com)
  • A 2014 study in rodents found that celery extract reduced levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or "bad" cholesterol , in rats that consumed a high-fat diet. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Effects of increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol on the incidence of first acute coronary events (from the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study). (trialresultscenter.org)
  • Bad" cholesterol is a term that's generally used to refer to LDL cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins that are bigger molecules, which tend to more readily form plaque than high-density lipoproteins (HDL or "good" cholesterol). (rupahealth.com)
  • Dyslipidaemia is a wider terminology that also includes low levels of good cholesterol namely the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). (medthical.com)
  • 2. LDL ( Low Density Lipoprotein ) : is the bad cholesterol which is a better predictor than total cholesterol. (medthical.com)
  • NASH is comparable to alcoholic cirrhosis/hepatitis, as it can follow the same sequelae of complications (portal hypertension [HTN], esophageal varices, increased bleeding times, decreased albumin, causing ascites, fluid shifts, malnutrition), but the risk factors for these diseases are different. (nursingcenter.com)
  • Having high levels of cholesterol will narrow the blood vessels with plaque (clot formation ) and increase risk of cardiovascular disease like heart diseases, stroke and peripheral vascular disease. (medthical.com)
  • High expression of miR-222-3p predicted high risks of diabetic and cardiovascular complications in PCOS. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 4 Blood pressure-related cardiovascular complications can occur before the onset of established hypertension. (cdc.gov)
  • In the absence of specific and effective therapy for many types of glomerulonephritis, supportive treatments for edema, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and intravascular thrombosis play important roles in reducing the complications associated with the disease. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Pregnant women with diabetes are a higher risk for developing DR. If gestational diabetes develops, the patient may be at higher risk of developing diabetes with age. (institut-vision.org)
  • Polygenic prediction of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we tested the association of maternal DNA sequence variants with preeclampsia in 20,064 cases and 703,117 control individuals and with gestational hypertension in 11,027 cases and 412,788 control individuals across discovery and follow-up cohorts using multi-ancestry meta-analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Altogether, we identified 18 independent loci associated with preeclampsia/eclampsia and/or gestational hypertension, 12 of which are new (for example, MTHFR-CLCN6, WNT3A, NPR3, PGR and RGL3), including two loci (PLCE1 and FURIN) identified in the multitrait analysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is fast becoming a disease of first-world countries, where high fat food is rarely a scarcity, and lives continue to become more sedentary. (nursingcenter.com)
  • The early-onset, rapidly progressive form, Wolman disease, presents in the neonatal or infantile period with non-specific symptoms of massive hepatosplenomegaly, liver failure, diarrhea/steatorrhea and vomiting, resulting in malabsorption, and cachexia. (orpha.net)
  • Medical conditions like hypothyroidism, diabetes, kidney disease, and liver disease can also cause high cholesterol. (rupahealth.com)
  • Genetic conditions like familial hypercholesterolemia can cause high cholesterol that is not affected by diet. (rupahealth.com)
  • This risk is higher when you first start taking this drug, after your doctor increases your dose, or if you restart treatment after you stop taking it. (elispot.biz)
  • Patients with established CAD and low HDL levels are at high risk for recurrent events and should be targeted for aggressive nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Given the "super-size-me" diet of many Americans, coupled with sedentary lifestyles, it makes sense why four of the top 10 drugs sold in the United States are used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), high cholesterol, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, and diabetes. (rdhmag.com)
  • Rosuvastatin -Rosuvastatin (Crestor) is used for the treatment of high cholesterol and hyperlipidemia. (rdhmag.com)
  • Vital signs: awareness and treatment of uncontrolled hypertension among adults-United States, 2003-2010. (cdc.gov)
  • For some people with high cholesterol, treatment is all about the medications. (webmd.com)
  • Because of the lack of consistently effective treatment for primary focal segmental glomerular sclerosis, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers are commonly used for patients with mild disease to control symptoms. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • List the classes of medications used in the treatment of hyperlipidemia and their basic mechanisms of action. (ashp.org)
  • The listings in this section describe cardiovascular impairments based on symptoms, signs, laboratory findings, response to a regimen of prescribed treatment, and functional limitations. (socialsecurityprofessionals.com)
  • Patients presenting for psychiatric care occasionally have undiagnosed physical disorders that are not the cause of their mental symptoms but nonetheless require evaluation and treatment. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Thus, prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia are effective approaches to reduce the incident rate of chronic diseases. (hindawi.com)
  • There is a growing interest in TCM treatment of hyperlipidemia. (hindawi.com)
  • In the last few decades, hundreds of Chinese herbal medicines in the form of compounds, extracts, single herbs, or formulae have been reported to be effective for the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia [ 16 ], especially those high-fat diet (HFD) induced cases. (hindawi.com)
  • The data highlight the need for personalized approaches to hypertension treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • In comparison, transient ischemic attacks and Bell's palsy symptoms can mimic a stroke, however there are key identifiers that can help the healthcare professional differentiate between the diagnoses. (fastceforless.com)
  • This results in chest pain or other symptoms of ischemic heart disease. (shifanews.com)
  • 8.4 nmol/L and high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) is 0.8 mg/L. She is a marathon runner and was previously unable to tolerate atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, or a higher dose of pravastatin due to muscle pain after running. (acc.org)
  • Very high levels that would increase the risk of pancreatitis is treated with a drug from the fibrate class. (wikipedia.org)
  • Screening endoscopy should be considered for patients with multiple risk factors, and those who have high-grade. (aafp.org)
  • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious and rapidly growing problem affecting a population that was not previously recognized as high risk. (nursingcenter.com)
  • and the risk is significantly greater in African Americans, and slightly higher in Hispanics and Native Americans as well, compared to whites. (statpearls.com)
  • [3] The risk of stroke is higher in men than women when young and middle-aged, but overall, women have a higher risk of stroke than men over the course of a lifetime, with the risk for women being 20% to 21% versus 14% to 17% in men. (statpearls.com)
  • There are often no symptoms, but it raises the long-term risk of heart disease and stroke . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When study participants were stratified according to environmental factors, we found that the rs145204276 del allele was correlated with a higher risk of IS in male, smokers, hypertensive, and those ≥65 years old. (hindawi.com)
  • Additional stratification conforming to IS subtypes exhibited that individuals carrying the rs145204276 del allele conferred a higher risk of expanding a larger artery atherosclerosis stroke subset. (hindawi.com)
  • Patients may also suffer form arterial hypertension [7], which further increases cardiovascular risk. (symptoma.com)
  • The patient has clinical ASCVD but is not at very high risk based on the ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway. (acc.org)
  • Specific dietary patterns increase the risk of high cholesterol, including diets high in saturated fats, processed carbohydrates, processed meats , and sugary drinks. (rupahealth.com)
  • Besides hyperlipidemia other risk factors for cardiovascular disease include hypertension, smoking, diabetes, kidney disease, increasing age, strong family history of heart diseases and male gender. (medthical.com)
  • 5 Indeed, a recent analysis of ~7000 patients revealed a three-fold greater risk of mortality in those with concurrent severe COPD and high coronary artery calcium (CAC) relative to severe COPD alone. (my.id)
  • In fact, hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors of CVD [ 11 ], which becomes one of the major killers around the world. (hindawi.com)
  • Their prevalence is higher in patients presenting cardiovascular risk factors.This review takes stock of the frequency, the mechanisms, and the implications of major cardiovascular risk factors in patients with serious mental disorders. (bvsalud.org)
  • While a population-wide strategy involving lifestyle changes and a high-risk strategy involving pharmacological interventions have been described, the recently proposed personalized medicine approach combining both strategies for the prevention of hypertension has increasingly gained attention. (cdc.gov)
  • 3.37 mmol/L, or glycated haemoglobin 8.5% or higher, and PHQ-9 depression scores of ≥10. (bmj.com)
  • Foods high in saturated fats include fatty meats, fatty dairy products, prepackaged processed baked goods, and palm oil. (rupahealth.com)
  • Initiation of glucose-lowering therapy and lipoprotein(a) testing was strongly recommended on follow-up. (bvsalud.org)
  • Taken in aggregate, symptoms of depression do not improve in patients with low vitamin D levels when given vitamin D supplementation any more than when given placebo. (aafp.org)
  • The levels of both circulating microRNAs (let-7 g and miR-221) were higher in subjects with MetS (p = 0.004 and p = 0.01, respectively). (biomedcentral.com)
  • elevated levels of one or more lipoproteins in the blood. (ashp.org)
  • High levels of LDL are more dangerous than levels of HDL. (rupahealth.com)
  • Hyperlipidemia is a term to describe a medical condition whereby the blood levels of cholesterol are raised. (medthical.com)
  • Higher levels of LDL has been highly associated with cardiovascular diseases. (medthical.com)
  • 23) Foods fortified with sterols and stanols Sterols and triglyceride levels in patients whose levels are very high lower cholesterol by. (com.sa)
  • Results of this Long-Term Extension (LTE) of the SELECT-COMPARE study show that RINVOQ plus MTX maintained higher levels of clinical response, including remission compared to adalimumab plus MTX, through week 72. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Taking grape seed extract by mouth doesn't seem to decrease seasonal allergy symptoms or the need to use allergy medications. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 3,4 The 10 most common prescription medications in the United States are listed in Table 1.1 The medications with the highest profitable sales revenues in 2014 are listed in Table 2.1 The most profitable prescription medication was aripiprazole (Abilify) at $6.9 billion gross for the second year in a row. (rdhmag.com)
  • Identify agents and common side effects from each class of medications used to treat hyperlipidemias. (ashp.org)
  • If you have any of the where To Buy Generic Lipitor Miami symptoms while are taking other medications or who have an underlying. (com.sa)
  • The signs and symptoms associated with glomerulonephritis can be nephritic in nature, characterized by inflammatory injury, or nephrotic in nature, characterized by proteinuria. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • NORTH CHICAGO, Ill., June 4, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- AbbVie (NYSE: ABBV), a research-based global biopharmaceutical company, today announced new long-term results showing that once daily upadacitinib continued to improve signs and symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis at 72 and 84 weeks in the SELECT-COMPARE (upadacitinib, 15 mg in combination with methotrexate [MTX]) and SELECT-MONOTHERAPY (upadacitinib, 15 mg and 30 mg) Phase 3 clinical trials, respectively. (pharmiweb.com)
  • These new long-term data showcase the potential of RINVOQ to provide relief from the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, both as a monotherapy and in combination with methotrexate," said Isidro Villanueva, vice president, medical affairs immunology, AbbVie. (pharmiweb.com)
  • 2 Results of this LTE show that upadacitinib monotherapy resulted in continued improvements in rheumatoid arthritis signs and symptoms through 84 weeks. (pharmiweb.com)
  • Indicator does not measure the proportion of adults who currently have diagnosed high blood pressure and may result in an underestimate of the prevalence of high blood pressure. (cdc.gov)
  • The prevalence of CVDs was higher in females than males (16.2 vs. 12.6, p ≤ 0.001). (biomedcentral.com)
  • A 60-year-old man presents to your office for routine follow-up and medication refills for hyperlipidemia and hypertension. (aafp.org)
  • This medication works by relaxing blood vessels so blood can flow more easily.Doxazosin is also used in men to treat the symptoms of an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia-BPH). (elispot.biz)
  • Self-Reported Hypertension and Use of Antihypertensive Medication Among Adults - United States, 2005-2009. (cdc.gov)
  • These findings are extremely valuable for making hypertension-based health decisions based on precise preventive medication. (cdc.gov)
  • Invasive evaluation with left heart catheterization was deferred given the patient's unchanged symptoms and CCTA findings. (bvsalud.org)
  • The authors recommend that people with high cholesterol eat more garlic but caution that more research is needed to verify their findings. (healthline.com)
  • Despite the importance of TCM herbs and formulations, there is no comprehensive review summarizing their scientific findings on handling hyperlipidemia. (hindawi.com)
  • The smaller deeper vessels that are the culprits of lacunar infarcts, such as the lenticulostriate arteries, are more often affected by hypertension and diabetes than by thromboses. (statpearls.com)
  • Angiotensinogen is the sole precursor of angiotensin peptides and has a key role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. (cdc.gov)
  • Symptoms tend to manifest when the lesions are already advanced and prone to cause significant consequences such as stroke or even death [ 5 ]. (springer.com)
  • Outline the differential diagnoses that must be considered if a patient presents with stroke-like symptoms but does not have a stroke. (statpearls.com)
  • Understand the use of FAST in identifying stroke symptoms. (fastceforless.com)
  • Ischemia can lead to symptoms like chest pain with exertion, fatigue, and severe health consequences like heart attack, stroke, and organ failure if left untreated. (rupahealth.com)
  • Severely restricted blood flow in the heart muscle leads to symptoms such as chest pain . (symptoma.com)
  • Celery is also a good source of fiber, and results of a 2016 Cochrane review suggested that people with a high fiber intake may have lower blood pressure than those on a low fiber diet. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The entire family should be encouraged to adopt healthier lifestyle habits such as participation in daily exercise and decreasing the intake of high-calorie, high-fat foods. (medscape.com)