NeuronsNeurons, AfferentMotor NeuronsAction PotentialsDopaminergic NeuronsGABAergic NeuronsElectrophysiologyPatch-Clamp TechniquesHippocampusCells, CulturedSynapsesAxonsGanglia, SpinalSynaptic TransmissionSensory Receptor CellsDendritesElectric StimulationNerve Tissue ProteinsOlfactory Receptor NeuronsCerebral CortexSpinal CordCholinergic Neuronsgamma-Aminobutyric AcidMembrane PotentialsNeural InhibitionNeurons, EfferentModels, NeurologicalMotor Neuron DiseaseAnimals, NewbornBrainImmunohistochemistryPyramidal CellsTime FactorsDopamineMedulla OblongataCatsMesencephalonExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsInterneuronsNeuropeptidesRats, WistarSerotonergic NeuronsMice, Inbred C57BLGlutamic AcidMice, TransgenicBrain StemTetrodotoxinTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseNerve NetAfferent PathwaysMacaca mulattaGanglia, InvertebrateBehavior, AnimalCell CountNeuronal PlasticityCalciumPhysical StimulationNeuritesNeurogenesisAdrenergic NeuronsNeurogliaGangliaThalamusEvoked PotentialsNitrergic NeuronsCerebellumSubstantia NigraMice, KnockoutGanglia, SympatheticDisease Models, AnimalNociceptorsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsNerve DegenerationRats, Sprague-DawleyNerve Growth FactorsProsencephalonReaction TimeSerotoninPhotic StimulationNeocortexSignal TransductionCholine O-AcetyltransferaseCorpus StriatumReceptors, N-Methyl-D-AspartateDose-Response Relationship, DrugAnalysis of VarianceSuperior Cervical GanglionExcitatory Amino Acid AntagonistsGABA AntagonistsAplysiaVisual CortexN-MethylaspartateMicroelectrodesNodose GanglionCell DifferentiationNeurotransmitter AgentsVestibular NucleiPresynaptic TerminalsCentral Nervous SystemRNA, Messenger