Humans ferrets. Medical search. Frequent questions

Human infections with avian H7N9 subtype influenza viruses are a major public health concern and vaccines against H7N9 are urgently needed for pandemic preparedness. (nature.com)
In early 2013, novel H7N9 influenza viruses emerged in China that caused about 1600 human cases of infection with a high associated case fatality rate. (nature.com)
In addition to seasonally occurring human infections, zoonotic infections caused by avian influenza A viruses are a major public health concern and pose a pandemic threat. (nature.com)
Human infections with H7N9 viruses occurred each year and the viruses gained virulence markers that potentially enhance the risk for humans and may have increased their spread into the human population, making this virus a notable pandemic threat 3 , 4 . (nature.com)
Humans are immunologically naive to H7 subtype viruses and possess little to no pre-existing, humoral immunity 12 . (nature.com)
Sequential Transmission of Influenza Viruses in Ferrets Does Not Enhance Infectivity and Does Not Predict Transmissibility in Humans. (bvsalud.org)
However, some emerging avian influenza viruses transmit between ferrets but do not spread in humans . (bvsalud.org)
Thus, influenza viruses that transmit in ferrets maintain their transmission efficiency through serial rounds of transmission . (bvsalud.org)
This answers the question of whether ferrets can propagate viruses through more than one round of airborne transmission and emphasizes that transmission in ferrets is necessary but not sufficient to infer transmissibility in humans . (bvsalud.org)
Human influenza viruses transmitted efficiently (>83%) over two rounds of airborne transmission , demonstrating that, like humans , ferrets infected by the respiratory route can propagate the infection onward through the air . (bvsalud.org)
Acquisition of α2-6 sialoside receptor specificity by α2-3 specific highly-pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) is thought to be a prerequisite for efficient transmission in humans. (nih.gov)
Determining population immunity against circulating human seasonal flu viruses. (cdc.gov)
CDC's Influenza Division now uses human serology data to improve the selection of candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) for use in producing seasonal flu vaccines. (cdc.gov)
Ferrets are often used in flu virus research, experts say, because viruses multiply in these animals in ways similar to humans. (go.com)
The altered viruses are contagious between ferrets, which are the lab stand-in for humans. (npr.org)
From the Harvard School of Public Health, Marc Lipsitch and Barry Bloom argue in their mBio commentary that H5N1 viruses that are transmissible between mammals could pose "a greater threat to public health than possibly any other infectious agent currently under study in laboratories, because of such viruses' likely combination of transmissibility and virulence to humans. (npr.org)
Like humans, ferrets can catch viruses through their noses, per the Telegraph . (newser.com)
Pigs have been suggested to be the mixing vessel for avian and human influenza viruses because the porcine trachea contains binding receptors with preferences for human and avian influenza viruses. (usda.gov)
In the pig, genetic reassortment to create novel influenza subtypes by mixing avian, human and swine influenza viruses is possible. (usda.gov)
Our findings indicate these H2N3 viruses can infect various mammalian hosts without adaptation, suggesting they may be transmissible to humans. (usda.gov)
Now, with the global COVID-19 death toll surpassing 5.2 million on the second anniversary of the earliest human cases, a growing chorus of scientists is trying to keep the focus on what they regard as the more plausible "zoonotic," or animal-to-human, theory, in the hope that what's learned will help humankind fend off new viruses and variants. (bangordailynews.com)
Antigenic drift involves small mutations in the genes of influenza viruses that lead to changes in HA and NA that accumulate over time, resulting in the emergence of novel strains that the human immune system may not recognize. (cdc.gov)
Antigenic shifts are probably due to genetic recombination (an exchange of a gene segment) between influenza A viruses that affect humans and/or animals. (cdc.gov)
Within the influenza division, we have a branch, and it's focused on surveillance for all influenza viruses, and that includes both human seasonal strains, as well as influenza viruses that circulate in animal hosts. (cdc.gov)
And I'm the team lead of a laboratory that focuses only on the zoonotic influenza viruses, or those strains that are typically found only in animals, but occasionally can infect humans. (cdc.gov)
We know that there is a lot of different infectious diseases that are caused by viruses, parasites, bacteria that are typically found in animal hosts, but when humans get infected, they can cause disease, and influenza's no exception. (cdc.gov)
Most of the time those influenza viruses don't infect people, but when they do, we're especially concerned because humans don't have immunity to the viruses that typically circulate in those other animals that I mentioned. (cdc.gov)
and · Expertise to assist WHO on the improvement of global surveillance of influenza viruses causing or with the potential to cause human infections, including the development and revision of relevant policies, recommendations and guidelines. (who.int)
This virus also reacted poorly with antiserum to the 1989-90 vaccine strain, but, in contrast to viruses in the first group, did not produce ferret antiserum that reacted well with the majority of viruses from the current season. (cdc.gov)
Since the first confirmed human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus was reported in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in 1997, sporadic zoonotic avian influenza viruses causing illness in humans have been identified globally, with the WHO Western Pacific Region as one of the hotspots. (who.int)
From November 2003, when a resurgence of H5N1 virus activity in humans and animals occurred, through September 2017, 1,838 human infections with avian influenza viruses in the region were reported to WHO. (who.int)
Adaptive pathways of zoonotic influenza viruses: from exposure to establishment in humans. (who.int)
Update: isolation of avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses from humans--Hong Kong, 1997-1998. (who.int)

For advice from an expert, you may wish to consult one of several books available, or, especially in the case of a suspected medical problem, a veterinarian who is familiar with the treatment of ferrets. (faqs.org)
Dextromethorphan treatment of ferrets infected with a pandemic H1N1 strain led to a reduction in clinical disease severity, but no effect on viral titer was observed. (frontiersin.org)

Pandemics occur if such a new subtype acquires the ability to infect and transmit in the human population. (frontiersin.org)
In a press release from Erasmus Medical Center, Fouchier said it's possible for the virus to change into a form that can infect humans. (go.com)
These data indicate that the novel reassortant H2N3 subtype virus has the ability to infect various mammalian hosts, suggesting a potential to transmit to humans. (usda.gov)
Scientists said in the Cell paper that SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, is the ninth documented coronavirus to infect humans. (bangordailynews.com)
So far, little is known about how this virus evolves and adapts to infect humans. (mdpi.com)

During human evolution, the neocortex, the evolutionarily youngest part of the cerebral cortex, expanded dramatically and had to fold into wrinkles to fit inside the restricted space of the skull. (biotechnology.report)
The human neocortex supports advanced cognitive skills such as reasoning and language. (biotechnology.report)
But how did the human neocortex become so big? (biotechnology.report)
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics in Dresden found that this human-specific gene, when introduced into the developing brain of ferrets, can cause an enlargement of their neocortex. (biotechnology.report)
The human neocortex is roughly three times bigger than that of our closest relatives, the chimpanzees, and is the seat of many of the higher cognitive functions that are unique to humans, such as our speech or the ability to learn. (biotechnology.report)
A key question for scientists is how in human evolution the neocortex became so big. (biotechnology.report)
Human-specific ARHGAP11B induces hallmarks of neocortical expansion in developing ferret neocortex. (mpg.de)
Organotypic slices of ferret neocortex were infected with a GFP-adeno-associated virus that preferentially targets postmitotic cells, thus robustly labeling migrating neurons. (jneurosci.org)

Nasal shedding of viral RNA monitored in pigs intranasally inoculated with influenza A virus strains A/swine/England/1353/2009 (H1pdmN1) (A) or A/Pavia/65/2016 (H1avN1) (B) and in naive or vaccinated ferrets cohoused in the same airspace as inoculated pigs. (cdc.gov)
In conclusion, the above H1N1 and H3N2 strains cause severe pneumonia in ferrets by use of the modified experimental procedures and provide a good model for pneumonia caused by seasonal influenza A virus infection in humans. (eur.nl)
By infecting ferrets with different altered strains of the virus manufactured in the laboratory, he and his colleagues discovered a form of the virus that was lethal and easily spread through the air. (go.com)

Thus, airborne transmission in ferrets is necessary but not sufficient to infer transmissibility in humans , and sequential transmission did not enhance pandemic risk assessment . (bvsalud.org)
The complex changes required for airborne transmissibility in ferrets suggest that extensive evolution is needed for H5N1 transmissibility in humans. (nih.gov)
The ferret is a well-suited model for the study of human and avian influenza virus pathogenicity, and transmissibility. (cdc.gov)

The domestic ferret is often confused with the black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes), a species native to North America. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Dean Biggins, a research ecologist and black-footed ferret expert at the USGS Fort Collins Science Center in Colorado, is collaborating with the NWHC to investigate the combined efficacy of dusting burrows with insecticide and vaccinating animals in the field. (sciencedaily.com)

Considering both binding affinity and the codon adaptation index, the researchers conclude that humans, followed by ferrets, cats, civets, and dogs are the most susceptible animals to infection by coronavirus. (scitechdaily.com)
Some of the plague-impacted prairie-dog colonies were occupied by ferrets, but researchers do not know yet how many ferrets have died from the outbreak. (sciencedaily.com)
This process repeated six times, and then the researchers also induced the ferrets to sneeze. (smithsonianmag.com)
Researchers identified an increase in online sales of Javan ferret badgers, a small carnivore relatively unknown to the general public outside its native Indonesia. (mongabay.com)
Researchers documented 40 Javan ferret badgers for sale in the markets during that period. (mongabay.com)

The ferret (Mustela furo) is a small, domesticated species belonging to the family Mustelidae. (wikipedia.org)
The ferret is most likely a domesticated form of the wild European polecat (Mustela putorius), evidenced by their interfertility. (wikipedia.org)
This illustration depicted a left lateral view of a ferret, Mustela putorius furo , with its major organs depicted. (cdc.gov)

In this study, two H7N9 split virion vaccines with or without AS03 adjuvant were tested in the naive ferret model. (nature.com)

The name "ferret" is derived from the Latin furittus, meaning "little thief", a likely reference to the common ferret penchant for secreting away small items. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, there are separate FAQ's for several common ferret diseases. (faqs.org)

The binding affinity for the ACE2 receptors with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 across eight different species compared to humans (the blue baseline). (scitechdaily.com)
Five species - humans, cats, ferrets, civets, and dogs - have had documented cases of infection by SARS-CoV-2. (scitechdaily.com)
There are many different variants of ACE2 within human populations and across different species. (scitechdaily.com)
Humans, chickens, and ducks have the highest codon adaptation index, while the other species are worse adapted. (scitechdaily.com)
Understanding SARS-CoV-2 infectivity across different species can better inform public health measures, helping reduce human contact with other susceptible animals and avoiding the potential prolongation of the COVID-19 pandemic. (scitechdaily.com)
The Javan ferret badger, a small nocturnal carnivore endemic to the islands of Java and Bali, is becoming an increasingly popular pet throughout Indonesia, where it continues to be found in illegal wildlife markets and, more recently, for sale online, according to a new study in the publication Endangered Species Research . (mongabay.com)
There are no documented population numbers for the species, and the IUCN lists the conservation status of the Javan ferret badgers as " least concern ," at the last assessment in 2015, before the pet trade was more thoroughly studied. (mongabay.com)
Unlike the other species of ferret badgers - Bornean, Chinese ( M. moschata ), Formosan ( M. subaurantiaca ), Vietnamese ( M. cucphuongensis ) and Burmese ( M. personata ) - Javan ferret badgers tend to live in secondary forests and landscapes changed by humans, including cropland. (mongabay.com)

Airborne transmission in ferrets is a key component of pandemic risk assessment . (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, we evaluated sequential rounds of airborne transmission as an approach to enhance the predictive accuracy of the ferret model. (bvsalud.org)
Unlike the wild type H5N1, this mutant virus was transmitted by direct contact in the ferret model although not by airborne respiratory droplets. (nih.gov)
Airborne transmission of human-isolated avian H3N8 influenza virus between ferrets. (nih.gov)

However, a reassortant virus with the mutant hemagglutinin, a human N2 neuraminidase and internal genes from an H5N1 virus was partially transmitted via respiratory droplets. (nih.gov)
While thousands of people and millions of birds have died from bird flu worldwide, it never became a global human scourge because H5N1 isn't easily spread among humans, and it's primarily seen in people who are in close contact with infected birds. (go.com)
Timing of influenza A(H5N1) in poultry and humans and seasonal influenza activity worldwide, 2004-2013. (who.int)

In North America, the ferret has become an increasingly prominent choice of household pet, with over five million in the United States alone. (wikipedia.org)
Black-footed ferrets are one of the rarest mammals in North America. (sciencedaily.com)

To help increase ferret survival during this outbreak, biologists are vaccinating wild ferrets to provide immunity if they become exposed to plague. (sciencedaily.com)

Endangered black-footed ferrets aren't exactly lining up to be stuck with a vaccine, but in an effort to help control an extensive outbreak of plague in South Dakota, some of the ferrets are getting dosed with a vaccine given by biologists. (sciencedaily.com)
This is the first time the vaccine has been used during a major plague epizootic-an animal version of a human epidemic. (sciencedaily.com)
The plague vaccine was developed for humans by the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Disease and is being tested and modified for animals at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) in Madison, Wisc. (sciencedaily.com)
Although the plague vaccine is still experimental in wildlife, we hope its use during this epizootic will protect as many ferrets as we can capture in the field and boost ferret survival during this critical period," said USGS NWHC Research Chief Dr. Christopher Brand. (sciencedaily.com)
Dr. Tonie Rocke, the lead researcher at the USGS NWHC testing the vaccine for animals, said the vaccine is administered to prairie dogs and black-footed ferrets through an initial shot and a booster about a month later. (sciencedaily.com)
Field tests, said Biggins, showed that the combination of burrow dusting and experimental vaccine protected black-footed ferrets in Montana during a time of low-level plague mortality in the area. (sciencedaily.com)
What we're trying to do in South Dakota is assess the protectiveness of the vaccine for prairie dogs and ferrets during a full-blown eruption of plague that is causing high mortality in the prairie dog population," Biggins said. (sciencedaily.com)
PureVax ® Ferret Distemper is a lyophilized vaccine of a recombinant canarypox vector expressing the HA and F glycoproteins of canine distemper virus. (drugs.com)
Human serology data are now included in the overall body of data that CDC collects to inform WHO's Northern and Southern Hemisphere flu vaccine composition recommendations. (cdc.gov)
Antigenic analysis of the limited number of type A(H1N1) virus isolates indicates that, although some heterogeneity was detected among recent isolates, all reacted well with ferret antiserum prepared to the A/Taiwan/1/86 (A/Singapore/6/86-like) vaccine strain. (cdc.gov)

And can transmit them back to humans. (sillysoft.net)

As with skunks, ferrets can release their anal gland secretions when startled or scared, but the smell is much less potent and dissipates rapidly. (wikipedia.org)

The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)

and ferret-training robot badgers. (discovery.com)
Pet clubs and online forums are driving demand for small mammals such as ferret badgers, civets and otters. (mongabay.com)
In captivity ferret badgers climb freely, but maybe they're just bored. (mongabay.com)
It's hard to say if [expanding human] settlement is causing more harm to ferret badgers," he said, noting that coyote populations skyrocketed in the U.S. once human settlements took over natural habitat. (mongabay.com)
They also found 100 Javan ferret badgers on offer from online sellers based in Java, mostly on social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram, and Kaskus, the largest Indonesian online forum. (mongabay.com)
Javan ferret badgers tend to live in secondary forests and landscapes changed by humans, including cropland. (mongabay.com)

The primary complication of seasonal influenza in humans is viral pneumonia. (eur.nl)
This study indicates that acquisition of an MBCS alone is insufficient to increase pathogenicity of a prototypical seasonal human H3N2 virus. (eur.nl)
To improve seasonal flu vaccines and prepare against future pandemics, CDC's Influenza Division conducts a wide range of laboratory activities involving human serology. (cdc.gov)
Depending on where you live and if you are working or walking your ferret, tick protection might be not recommended, or recommended to be seasonal (tick season runs from spring to autumn) or all year round. (companioncare.co.uk)

In case of human exposure, contact a physician. (drugs.com)
Public health officials and others concerned with appropriate actions to take at hazardous waste sites may want information on levels of exposure associated with more subtle effects in humans or animals (LOAELs) or exposure levels below which no adverse effects (NOAELs) have been observed. (cdc.gov)
Estimates of exposure levels posing minimal risk to humans (Minimal Risk Levels or MRLs) have been made for chlorine dioxide and chlorite. (cdc.gov)
An MRL is defined as an estimate of daily human exposure to a substance that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of adverse effects (noncarcinogenic) over a specified duration of exposure. (cdc.gov)
As these kinds of health effects data become available and methods to assess levels of significant human exposure improve, these MRLs will be revised. (cdc.gov)
As infected animals and contaminated environments are the primary source of human infections, regional analyses that bring together surveillance data from human and animal health sectors are an important basis for exposure and transmission risk assessment and public health action. (who.int)

In 2013, an avian H7N9 virus strain emerged in China that caused hundreds of human infections. (nature.com)
Since March 2013, human infections with a previously undescribed H7N9 virus were observed, which also circulates in domestic birds without causing severe disease ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)

A conventional animal model-intranasal inoculation of ferrets with 106median tissue culture infectious dose of virus-results in disease that is neither consistent nor comparable with severe viral pneumonia in humans. (eur.nl)
The ferret has also served as a fruitful research animal, contributing to research in neuroscience and infectious disease, especially influenza. (wikipedia.org)
Rabies is a zoonotic disease, an infectious agent that can be transmitted between animals and humans. (cdc.gov)

The findings, published in PLOS Computational Biology , found that ducks, rats, mice, pigs, and chickens had lower or no susceptibility to infection compared to humans. (scitechdaily.com)
Variants of the ACE2 receptor in humans followed by ferrets, cats, dogs, and civets have the highest binding affinities to the viral spike protein, while mice, rats, chickens, and ducks have poor binding energy. (scitechdaily.com)

Highly pathogenic influenza A virus H5 subtype remains a risk for transmission in humans. (mdpi.com)

RÉSUMÉ Une nouvelle souche du virus de la grippe A H1N1 est apparue au Mexique en avril 2009 et s'est rapidement propagée au monde entier, transformant l'épidémie en pandémie. (who.int)

Viral RNA was quantified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR in longitudinal nasal samples collected daily until 14 dpi (pigs) or 14 dpc (ferrets) and is expressed as REU based on an RNA quantification standard prepared from the corresponding virus stock. (cdc.gov)
The H2N3 virus was able to replicate in pigs, mice, and ferrets and transmissible among pigs and ferrets. (usda.gov)

The animals were euthanized on the fourth day, and their infected nasal tissue was used to expose another ferret. (smithsonianmag.com)
A nasal spray that attacks the coronavirus has been found to protect a small group of ferrets, raising hopes that the solution might do the same for humans. (newser.com)

Physically, ferrets resemble other mustelids because of their long, slender bodies. (wikipedia.org)

Scientists report that in the past, such outbreaks have wiped out entire colonies of prairie dogs and the black-footed ferrets that depended on them for food. (sciencedaily.com)
The technique for infecting them is surprising simple: basically, the scientists did everything to the ferrets health experts tell people not to do during flu season. (smithsonianmag.com)
Little is known about the Javan ferret badger ( Melogale orientalis ), such as its primary diet or breeding behavior, although some scientists postulate it's similar to the Bornean ferret badger ( M. everetti ), burrowing and eating eggs, carrion, invertebrates, small mammals and fruit when available. (mongabay.com)
Most scientists believe it emerged in the wild and jumped from bats to humans, either directly or through another animal. (bangordailynews.com)

Regional analyses of human infections with avian influenza subtypes revealed distinct patterns and variations in epidemiology across countries, age, and time. (who.int)

The rabies virus is present in the saliva of infected animals and humans. (cdc.gov)

Though we also find a potential susceptibility to infection by cats, they don't co-exist with humans in the same conditions as other animals, which may explain why so far there are no known cases of people being infected by their pets," adds Dr. Serrano. (scitechdaily.com)
Unlike their polecat ancestors, which are solitary animals, most ferrets will live happily in social groups. (wikipedia.org)
The plague is transmitted from animals to humans by bites of infected fleas, but it can be cured with antibiotics if treatment is prompt. (sciencedaily.com)
From these animals the virus can spread to domestic poultry or directly to humans and other mammalian hosts ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
For the past six years, Dr. (John ) Pippin has worked full time with the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), a physician-led advocacy organization that promotes best scientific, medical, and ethical practices regarding human and nonhuman animals. (the-sidebar.com)
The study claims a daily dose given to six ferrets 'completely prevented SARS-CoV-2 direct-contact transmission during 24-hour co-housing with infected animals. (newser.com)
Ferrets that spend time in tick-friendly habitats, or in areas where wild animals have been, are more at risk of picking up ticks. (companioncare.co.uk)
Last month, Worobey published a COVID-19 timeline linking the first known human case to the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, China, where live animals were sold. (bangordailynews.com)
It is seen in wild animals, livestock, pets and humans. (cdc.gov)
It is latent on average 30-50 days in humans and 20-60 days in animals. (cdc.gov)

Safety and immunogenicity of this product have been demonstrated by vaccination and challenge tests in susceptible ferrets. (drugs.com)

In addition, an avian H7N2 virus caused an outbreak in cats in an animal shelter in New York that led to one human case 11 . (nature.com)
Another thing you need to know about a ferrets care is that your ferret can get hairballs, just like cats. (articlebiz.com)
Nutrient-rich food topper adds flavor and variety to the diet of dogs, cats and ferrets. (chewy.com)
It occurs less frequently in ferrets when compared to dogs and cats, but you should be aware of it nonetheless. (petmd.com)

Administer 1 mL (1 dose) subcutaneously into healthy ferrets 8 weeks of age or older. (drugs.com)
LOAELs or NOAELs should also help in determining whether or not the effects vary with dose and/or duration, and place into perspective the possible significance of these effects to human health. (cdc.gov)

The answer may lie in genes that are unique to humans, such as ARHGAP11B. (biotechnology.report)

An overview of the epidemiology and emergence of influenza A infection in humans over time. (who.int)

Ferrets have short digestive systems and a quick metabolism, so they need to eat frequently. (wikipedia.org)
Today, you'll learn about some new, emerging data that is giving us surprising insight into human metabolism, how magic mushrooms are at the forefront of mental health treatment, and new jet technology that could get us anywhere in the world in under two hours. (discovery.com)

Hammond A, Fitzner J, Collins L, Ong S, K V. Human cases of influenza at the human-animal interface, January 2015-April 2017. (who.int)

So, there was a human infection back in 2002 in Virginia, and then another human case that was detected in New York in a person that visited these live poultry markets. (cdc.gov)

In New Zealand and some other countries, restrictions apply due to the damage done to native fauna by feral colonies of polecat-ferret hybrids. (wikipedia.org)
As of late June, about 9,000 acres of prairie dog habitat - including colonies occupied by vulnerable black-footed ferrets - have been infected by the disease, according to U.S. Forest Service mapping. (sciencedaily.com)
Another strategy to control plague outbreaks is to apply insecticide that will reduce the flea populations in the prairie dog colonies that are important to black-footed ferrets, but that have not yet experienced plague die-offs. (sciencedaily.com)

Serological analyses demonstrated that homologous hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization antibody titers were detectable in the ferrets after the first immunization with the AS03-adjuvanted vaccines that were further boosted by the second immunization. (nature.com)

We reasoned that infection of ferrets via the respiratory route and onward transmission would more closely model transmission in humans . (bvsalud.org)

Contemporary scholarship agrees that ferrets were bred for sport, hunting rabbits in a practice known as rabbiting. (wikipedia.org)

Supplement your pet's diet with the pure goodness of Wysong Optimize Wild Caught Salmon Dog, Cat & Ferret Food Topper. (chewy.com)

This exotic disease is usually deadly for black-footed ferrets and their primary prey, prairie dogs. (sciencedaily.com)

The study looked at how many instances a Javan ferret badger was for sale at illegal wildlife markets in the Indonesian provinces of Central Java, Yogyakarta, East Java and Bali from 2011 to early 2020, when the pandemic brought fieldwork to an end. (mongabay.com)

They by exposing two ferrets to two different flu variants, and swabbed their noses and throats every day for four days. (smithsonianmag.com)

Here we investigated the phenotype of a human H3N2 virus with an MBCS in HA. (eur.nl)

The ferrets of all groups (n = 3 per virus strain) had clinical signs, increased body temperature, virus excretion from day 1, loss of body weight, and increased relative lung weight at 4 days postinoculation. (eur.nl)

They also found that different human variants of ACE2 showed differences in stability and binding to the spike protein, a sensitivity that may underlie why some people suffer from severe COVID-19 symptoms . (scitechdaily.com)
According to the WHO, since June 2020, 214 human cases of COVID-19 have been identified in Denmark with SARS-CoV-2 variants associated with farmed minks, including 12 cases with a unique variant, reported on November 5. (scitechdaily.com)

The legality of ferret ownership varies by location. (wikipedia.org)
But this schedule isn't written in stone, nail growth varies from ferret to ferret. (articlebiz.com)

Over the summer, a review ordered by President Joe Biden showed that four U.S. intelligence agencies believed with low confidence that the virus was initially transmitted from an animal to a human, and one agency believed with moderate confidence that the first infection was linked to a lab. (bangordailynews.com)
Earlier this year, a joint report by the World Health Organization and China called the transmission of the virus from bats to humans through another animal the most likely scenario and a lab leak "extremely unlikely. (bangordailynews.com)

In blue, the human ACE2 protein and in grey, the coronavirus spike protein. (scitechdaily.com)
We are now engineering mini-proteins from the human ACE2 protein to 'distract' the attention of the virus from entering cells and block infection. (scitechdaily.com)
2 μg/lane of Biotinylated Recombinant Human ACE-2 Fc Chimera Avi-tag Protein (Catalog # AVI10544) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at ~124 kDa under reducing conditions. (rndsystems.com)

Recombinant human/mouse/rat BMP-2 (355-BM) induces alkaline phosphatase production in the ATDC5 mouse chondrogenic cell line. (novusbio.com)

When Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD Fc Chimera (Catalog # 10499-CV ) is immobilized at 0.2 µg/mL (100 µL/well), Biotinylated Recombinant Human ACE-2 Fc Chimera Avi-tag (CHO Expressed) (Catalog # AVI10544) binds with an ED 50 of 0.6-4.8. (rndsystems.com)
Biotinylated Recombinant Human ACE‑2 Fc Chimera Avi-tag (CHO Expressed) (Catalog # AVI10544) is measured by its ability to cleave a fluorogenic peptide substrate, Mca-YVADAPK(Dnp)-OH ( ES007 ). (rndsystems.com)

Our findings offer a clue for why minks - which are closely related to the ferret - are being infected by the disease, which is probably made worse by their packed living conditions and close contact with human workers. (scitechdaily.com)

Synthetic peptide within Human ACE2 aa 750 to the C-terminus. (abcam.com)

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