On September 17, 2018, the Texas Department of State Health Services received notification of Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii bloodstream infections in three patients who had received injections or infusions of non-FDA-approved umbilical cord blood-derived stem cell products processed by Genetech, Inc., and distributed by Liveyon, LLC, for other than hematopoietic or immunologic reconstitution at an outpatient clinic on September 12. (cdc.gov)
The B. petrii isolates were compared with other B. petrii isolates collected from humans or the environment and with isolates of B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, B. bronchiseptica, and B. holmesii, obtained from human respiratory tract infections. (cdc.gov)
Nearly twenty-five individual isolates of ACBRI Primary Human Microvascular cells have been probed to date. (cell-systems.com)
Salmonella1
C. freundii is more phylogenetically diverse than the clades of E. coli and Salmonella spp. (wikipedia.org)
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis ( HGA ) is a tick-borne , infectious disease caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum , an obligate intracellular bacterium that is typically transmitted to humans by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus species complex, including Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus in North America. (mdwiki.org)
Tannic acid3
C. freundii has also been investigated for biodegradation of tannic acid used in tanneries. (wikipedia.org)
All of the strains examined caused type 3 fimbriae mediated agglutination of tannic acid treated human erythrocytes despite sequence variation in the mrkD -encoding adhesin gene. (biomedcentral.com)
Type 3 fimbriae are 2-4 nm wide and 0.5-2 μm long surface organelles that are characterised by their ability to mediate agglutination of tannic acid-treated human RBC (MR/K agglutination) [ 29 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Certain isolated strains of C. freundii have toxicity against HeLa cells, which is an immortal human cell line originating from cervical cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
Large biofilms are formed at 25°C by non-cytotoxic multidrug resistant strains of C. freundii which form as a result of adherence in an aggregative pattern to colon epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Biofilm formation rates have been shown to be relatively low, but after growth at room temperature, more C. freundii strains are shown to create strong biofilms which aid in the persistence of this strain in hospital-like environments. (wikipedia.org)
Despite this division in lineage, all strains of C. freundii utilize citrate. (wikipedia.org)
Infections4
B. avium and B. hinzii caused respiratory infections in birds and poultry and have also been reported to cause infections in humans ( 6 - 9 ). (cdc.gov)
However, the study also turned up some surprises, including Lactobacillus , a commensal of the vagina, and Citrobacter freundii, a nitrogen-fixing environmental organism , which also causes many opportunistic infections. (acsh.org)
The class I and class II Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA) are an integral part of the host adaptive immune system against viral infections. (bvsalud.org)
All these agents are potentially pathogenic for parrots and can cause systemic infections in other animals and humans. (scielo.br)
Toxicity1
Dosage of Bac-Off® was established by identifying the MIC for bacteria and the toxicity dosage for human microvascular cells. (cell-systems.com)
Intestinal2
C. freundii is a soil-dwelling microorganism, but can also be found in water, sewage, food, and the intestinal tracts of animals and humans. (wikipedia.org)
Is an opportunist, which may be found in the intestinal tract of animals and humans. (vetbact.org)
Organism1
A viral etiology is suspected, the isolated organism being usually the human papillomavirus. (lookformedical.com)
Pathogenic2
Due to the phenotypic diversity that C. freundii contains, it makes it very difficult to identify, especially because it is versatile not only in its antigenic and pathogenic behaviors, but also in its cell morphology. (wikipedia.org)
Microbiological studies of the sanitary and health status of psittacine birds that will be reintroduced is important in evaluating whether these animals act as carriers of pathogenic agents to other animals and humans. (scielo.br)
Bacterial3
C. freundii includes a fenvalerate-degrading bacterial strain, CD-9. (wikipedia.org)
Compatible with DNA extraction methods designed to extract high quality DNA from bacterial, viral and fungal targets from human urine or swab samples. (seqonce.com)
This quinolone antibiotic interferes with the chromosomal breakage-reunion reaction of bacterial gyrase and human topoisomerase II. (cell-systems.com)
Infection2
Biofilm formation plays a major role in the infection rates of C. freundii demonstrating different modes of infection that include not only adherence, but also biofilm formation at room temperature. (wikipedia.org)
Clinically, HGA is essentially indistinguishable from human monocytic ehrlichiosis , the infection caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis , and other tick-borne illnesses such as Lyme disease may be suspected. (mdwiki.org)
Pertussis1
B. pertussis, a strictly human pathogen, and B. parapertussis, a pathogen in both humans and sheep, are agents of whooping cough ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Pseudomonas1
The mobilizable IncP-6 plasmid pLNU-11 was discovered in a strain of Citrobacter freundii enriched from the wetland sediments with tetracycline and nalidixic acid, and encodes a novel AmpC-like ß-lactamase (blaWDC-1), which shares less than 62% amino acid sequence identity with the PDC class of ß-lactamases found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (pacb.com)
Urine1
Four metabolites of ciprofloxacin were identified in human urine. (theodora.com)
Diversity2
C. freundii contains high degrees of nucleotide diversity due to the two different lineages with deep separation within the taxon. (wikipedia.org)
Molecular diversity of human parvovirus B19 during two outbreaks of erythema infectiosum in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
Pathogens1
Anaplasma phagocytophilum shares its tick vector with other human pathogens, and about 10% of patients with HGA show serologic evidence of coinfection with Lyme disease , babesiosis , or tick-borne meningoencephalitis . (mdwiki.org)
Soil2
Cultures of C. freundii were isolated and identified in the same year from soil extracts. (wikipedia.org)
The eggs usually become infectious in soil or in an intermediate host before humans are infected. (glow-health.com)
Respiratory1
B. bronchiseptica is a respiratory pathogen which may cause acute or chronic bronchopneumonia and is found in many animals, including dogs, cats, pigs, and rabbits, as well as humans ( 11 , 12 ). (cdc.gov)
Form1
Currently, there is no vaccine against human granulocytic anaplasmosis, so antibiotics are the only form of treatment. (mdwiki.org)
Antibiotics1
Seay TM, Peretsman SJ and Dixon PS (1996) Inhibition of human transitional cell carcinoma in vitro proliferation by fluoroquinolone antibiotics. (toku-e.com)
Results1
Our results indicate that urban coastal wetlands are reservoirs of diverse self-transmissible and mobilizable plasmids of relevance to human health. (pacb.com)
Host2
If an infected tick then latches onto a human the disease is then transmitted to the human host and A. phagocytophilum symptoms can arise. (mdwiki.org)
While it may be unpleasant to consider, it is true that the human host can coexist quite comfortably with a few worms, unless they reproduce in great numbers and create organ obstruction. (glow-health.com)
Milk1
Bottled raw milk for human consumption must be packaged on the farm where it is produced. (web.app)
Cells1
Most C. freundii cells have several flagella used for locomotion, although some non-motile taxa do not. (wikipedia.org)
Ability1
C. freundii has the ability to grow on glycerol, and use it as its sole source of carbon and energy. (wikipedia.org)
Evidence2
Further evidence of evolution can be drawn from two classes of beta-lactamase from C. freundii: CMY-2 AmpC beta-lactamase and TEM-1 beta-lactamase. (wikipedia.org)
Reproduction studies have been performed in rats at doses up to 10 times the human dose and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility and no teratological findings. (ceuticachemie.com)
Blood4
The first isolations of B. ansorpii were from a cyst ( 2 ) and from a blood sample ( 3 ), whereas B. trematum has been isolated from infected ears and from wounds in humans. (cdc.gov)
While it is rare, it is possible for HGA to be transmitted human-to-human via a blood transfusion , in which case it is called Transfusion-Transmitted Anaplasmosis (TTA). (mdwiki.org)
INTRODUCTION: In this study, we evaluated whether SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies and anti- ABO blood type antibodies (ABOAb) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). (bvsalud.org)
Changes in anti-ABO blood type immunoglobulin IgM and IgG antibody titers, flow panel reactive antibody (PRA), de novo donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies (DSA), and kidney allograft function before and after vaccination were evaluated. (bvsalud.org)
Activity1
Exopolysaccharides from C. freundii target the hydroxyl radical, demonstrating antioxidant activity. (wikipedia.org)
Difficult1
Ships and other mobile pollution sources emitted massive ultrafine and low-resistivity particles containing black carbon (BC), which were harmful to human health and were difficult to capture by conventional electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). (bvsalud.org)