• Tissue samples were taken from the cervicothoracic region of normal human conceptuses. (karger.com)
  • Approaches that don't involve taking tissue out of the human brain are "promising avenues in trying to tackle these conditions. (co.ke)
  • The exact amino acid composition varies depending on the type of animal tissue used and the method of preparation. (healthline.com)
  • These human imaging studies can be coupled with tissue and cell sampling, microdosing, interviews, epidemiological analysis, and other human-centered research methods to glean even more valuable information from humans that is superior to information derived from crude and inapplicable experiments on animals. (peta.org)
  • While soft tissue is not visible in the fossil record, scientists can piece together what the extinct species' muscles may have looked like by using modern humans ( Homo sapiens ) as analogs. (livescience.com)
  • Tissue biology involves the analysis of the microscopic structure of animal and human tissues. (news-medical.net)
  • Light delivered to biological tissues is subjected to multiple scattering, while it propagates through tissue, from inhomogeneous biological structures and absorption mostly in melanin, hemoglobin, and water. (news-medical.net)
  • Both diffuse optical spectroscopy (DOS) and diffuse optical imaging utilize near-infrared (NIR) in noninvasive extraction of spectral and spatial information from thick subsurface tissue structures. (news-medical.net)
  • It provides strength and structure for tissues. (healthline.com)
  • These systems have already been utilized in experimental assays with living tissues and humans. (news-medical.net)
  • It's part of an effort to better study human brain development and diseases affecting this most complex of organs, which makes us who we are but has long been shrouded in mystery. (co.ke)
  • The research builds upon the team's previous work creating brain "organoids," tiny structures resembling human organs that have also been made to represent others such as livers, kidneys, prostates, or key parts of them. (co.ke)
  • TEN miniature models of human organs have been linked up to create the closest we have yet come to a human-on-a-chip . (newscientist.com)
  • All this makes them more representative of human organs in the body than cells in a tube or animal models, says Linda Griffith at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (newscientist.com)
  • In this study, our objective was to perform an extensive characterization of the human gut resistome (including the capacity of ARDs to transfer between species) and to assess its dynamics under various antibiotic exposures. (nature.com)
  • Even the naming of certain species indicates their proximity to humans, as in the case of the house sparrow ( Passer domesticus ) or the house mouse ( Mus musculus ). (springer.com)
  • That these areas also have the highest human activity presents a paradox, both for individual owls and for the future conservation and management of this California endangered species. (usgs.gov)
  • The extent to which human recreation in natural areas affects animal behavior, species distribution, and productivity is a growing issue in natural area management. (usgs.gov)
  • Further, because animals in some species learn how and where to migrate from older members of the herd, disturbance of a route for more than a generation can mean the long-term or permanent loss of that inherited knowledge and, with it, vital nutritional and fitness resources. (pewtrusts.org)
  • Other than humans, which animal species are conscious? (lse.ac.uk)
  • Australopithecus afarensis, the extinct species to which Lucy belongs, could probably straighten its knee joints, extend its hips and stand up straight like modern humans. (livescience.com)
  • The reconstruction shows that Lucy could straighten her knee joints and extend her hips in a similar way to modern humans, suggesting that the species could stand and walk upright. (livescience.com)
  • Our species, Homo sapiens - with our complex thoughts and deep emotions - were the only true humans to ever walk the Earth. (boston.com)
  • It was a new species of hominin, now known as Denisovans, who were the first human cousins identified only by their DNA. (boston.com)
  • Almost 2000 species of animals found in the ocean are either venomous or poisonous to humans, and many can produce severe illness or fatalities. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The human brain and human astrocytes have unique structures and functions that are not present in other animal species. (lu.se)
  • This paper was prepared in response to the need for clear communication regarding the risk of transmission of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19 in humans and the general societal concern of potential contamination of aquatic animals used as food or their products with the virus. (who.int)
  • These range from the behavior of particles in a plasma, to the large-scale structure of the universe. (earth.com)
  • Synanthropic behavior, i.e., the behavior of wild animals that benefit from a shared ecology with humans, has existed long before the sedentarization of Homo sapiens during the Neolithic, around 10,000 years ago. (springer.com)
  • This study describes and discusses the concept of an older animal-human relationship: paleo-synanthropic behavior and the associated paleo-synanthropic niche. (springer.com)
  • By linking the niche to human behavior rather than to a specific location or structure, this niche was accessible for a long time, even in the Late Pleistocene. (springer.com)
  • Synanthropism refers to a behavior of free-ranging animals (or plants) benefiting from the shared ecology with humans (Klegarth 2016 ). (springer.com)
  • Pasca, a psychiatry professor at the Stanford School of Medicine, said this is the first time these organoids have been placed into early rat brains, creating "the most advanced human brain circuitry ever built from human skin cells and a demonstration that implanted human neurons can influence an animal's behavior. (co.ke)
  • Human activity disrupts migratory behavior and jeopardizes the health of ungulate populations. (pewtrusts.org)
  • On the origins of behavior structure. (bvsalud.org)
  • Initial studies demonstrated that rabbit antimouse type VII collagen antibodies, as well as rabbit antibodies raised against human recombinant protein type VII collagen, were able to induce blisters in mice. (medscape.com)
  • We analyzed the morphological features of dying cells in the developing axial structures of 5 human embryos between 5 and 8 weeks of postovulatory age. (karger.com)
  • According to our findings, apoptosis seems to be the most frequently observed type of PCD, but it is not the exclusive type of morphological cell death during the development of axial structures in human embryos. (karger.com)
  • In canine epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, the immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies also target the type VII collagen noncollagenous (NC1) domain, which shares greater than 80% homology in amino acid sequence with the human NC1 domain. (medscape.com)
  • What is the nature of human beings' relationship with technology? (swarthmore.edu)
  • What can or should technology do to, with, or for human beings? (swarthmore.edu)
  • How do the stakes of human choices change, if at all, as technology and a worldwide economy develop to the point where human beings could conceivably end the world by themselves (and is that really so different from the previous vision of Last Things)? (swarthmore.edu)
  • It is not in question that all human beings are programmed. (bmj.com)
  • The epidemiology, both in human beings and animals, has been reviewed and the causative agents described. (who.int)
  • Diagnosis, pathology, prevention and control are addressed, showing how the risk to animals and human beings could be minimized. (who.int)
  • Variola virus infects only humans, while vaccinia, and parapoxvirus viruses infect both humans, and animals, and may be passed from animals to human beings. (cdc.gov)
  • The COVID-19 pandemic may indirectly affect livelihoods, food security and nutrition for populations that rely on aquatic animals as a source of food or income. (who.int)
  • Migration between seasonal habitats is a critical part of the life cycle of most ungulate populations in the western U.S. Moving from place to place, often across hundreds of miles, allows these animals to negotiate changes in weather, food availability, predator activity, and other ecological variables. (pewtrusts.org)
  • When migration pathways are blocked or disrupted, animal populations tend to decline. (pewtrusts.org)
  • This has resulted in their populations returning to natural levels and their fear of humans being curtailed. (10000birds.com)
  • What's more, humans had close - even intimate - interactions with some of these other groups, including Neanderthals, Denisovans and "ghost populations" we only know from DNA. (boston.com)
  • 1987). Dermal absorption of benzene is low in humans and animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Approximately 0.05% of an applied dose (0.0026 mg/cm2) was determined in one human study (Franz 1984), and another estimated a dermal absorption rate of approximately 0.4 mg/cm2/hour under conditions of complete saturation (35-43 cm2 of skin was exposed to approximately 0.06 g/cm2 of liquid benzene for 1.25-2 hours) (Hanke et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is caused by antibodies targeting type VII collagen, the major component of anchoring fibrils that connect the basement membrane to dermal structures. (medscape.com)
  • Life before air conditioning: Curly hair kept early humans cool and protected early humans from the sun's radiative heat. (jpost.com)
  • For most of human history, we shared the planet with other kinds of early humans, and those now-extinct groups were a lot like us. (boston.com)
  • A study last week found early humans were building structures with wood before H. sapiens evolved. (boston.com)
  • The NIOSH document utilizes a standard risk assessment model in the development of exposure limits which relies on animal toxicity data and modeling to translate those data into exposure limits. (cdc.gov)
  • Human-equivalent lung dose was translated into working life time exposure concentration using a human lung dosimetry model. (cdc.gov)
  • Independence of exposure limits on crystal structure and coating. (cdc.gov)
  • These approaches for incorporating crystal structure and coating considerations into exposure limits suggest a possible path towards developing occupational exposure limits for a group of nanomaterials varying in crystal structure and surface coatings, but with similar modes of biological action. (cdc.gov)
  • After previous unsuccessful attempts by physicians to elicit from the patient and his wife a history of animal exposure, on October 12, the wife reported that the patient had had recent contact with a bat. (cdc.gov)
  • Neanderthals painted cave walls, Homo heidelbergensis hunted large animals like rhinos and hippos, and some scientists think even the small-brained Homo naledi was burying its dead in South African cave systems. (boston.com)
  • For much of history, Homo sapiens lived alongside other kinds of ancient humans and even mated with some of them. (boston.com)
  • While OHSU's pig body count continues to rise, the majority of OB/GYN residency programs across the country instead use animal-free methods, such as in vitro systems, computer simulations, and mathematical models. (peta.org)
  • Titanium dioxide can exist in several crystal structures and some in vitro studies suggested crystal-dependent toxicity (Jiang et al. (cdc.gov)
  • With advancements in stem cell technology, the possibility to generate astrocytes in vitro from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), ultimately derived from patient cells, emerged. (lu.se)
  • The auditory effects of chemical toxicants have been investigated in the past two decades, in animal and human field and clinical studies. (cdc.gov)
  • A number of studies demonstrated that some solvents, metals, asphyxiants, pesticides not only affect the sensory organ of the auditory system, as noise does, but also affect central auditory structures. (cdc.gov)
  • Currently, there is no evidence to suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can infect aquatic food animals (e.g. finfish, crustaceans, mol uscs, amphibians) and therefore these animals do not play an epidemiological role in spreading COVID-19 to humans. (who.int)
  • Here we present a structure and functional analyses of a substrate- and NADH-bound oligomeric complex comprised of two complex Q subunits: the hydroxylase COQ7, which performs the penultimate step in CoQ biosynthesis, and the prenyl lipid-binding protein COQ9. (biorxiv.org)
  • Another professor of psychology noted, "This experiment shows what you can do with human fMRI [functional magnetic resonance imaging] that you can't with animal studies. (peta.org)
  • Moreover, animal experiments exhibited the implantability including that the pre-existing blood vessels of the host sprout towards the preformed vessels of the scaffold over time and the microvessels inside the implanted scaffold matured from empty tubular structures to functional blood-carrying microvessels in two weeks. (lu.se)
  • Mathis and Bronstein 2020 ), which may not necessarily be human. (springer.com)
  • Scientists have transplanted human brain cells into the brains of baby rats, where the cells grew and formed connections. (co.ke)
  • When animals are used in brain experiments , they often have holes drilled into their skulls, have drugs injected into their brains, are intentionally inflicted with brain damage, and are later killed and dissected. (peta.org)
  • fMRIs and other neuroimaging techniques allow researchers to study the structure and function of human brains, including how we learn and process language, emotion, and memory. (peta.org)
  • Her discovery pointed to the possibility that human ancestors could walk upright long before they evolved bigger brains . (livescience.com)
  • Using the new measuring method, it is possible to gain more insight into the forces that are active on a molecular level in the living cells of plants, animals and humans. (nanowerk.com)
  • Some scientists are studying human brain organoids outside of animals. (co.ke)
  • To make the brain organoids, Stanford University scientists transformed human skin cells into stem cells and then coaxed them to become several types of brain cells. (co.ke)
  • This information, which primarily indicates where a particular animal is located at a given moment, is revolutionizing the understanding of wildlife ecology by enabling scientists for the first time to pinpoint when and where wildlife moves at a grand scale. (pewtrusts.org)
  • But as Per Sederberg, the head of the university psychology lab that published the study, points out, what scientists could learn from experiments on animals was limited to the context of a laboratory. (peta.org)
  • Scientists now know that after H. sapiens first showed up in Africa around 300,000 years ago, they overlapped with a whole cast of other hominins, explained Rick Potts, director of the Smithsonian's Human Origins Program. (boston.com)
  • We also found that indicators of human recreational activities negatively influenced owl distribution and habitat use. (usgs.gov)
  • Interestingly, oxalate was first discovered in animals when sheep became ill after eating vegetation later found to have high oxalate content. (medscape.com)
  • An organ system is a structure that is found inside a human or animal. (cdc.gov)
  • Collagen is the most plentiful protein found in humans and animals. (healthline.com)
  • However, it is difficult to eat collagen because it is generally found in unpalatable parts of animals ( 5 ). (healthline.com)
  • In addition, NIOSH declassified fine particles of TiO 2 as a potential occupational carcinogen due to the lack of sufficient animal or epidemiologic data to support such a classification, but it found sufficient data from animal studies to maintain this classification for nanoscale particles of TiO 2 . (cdc.gov)
  • Wildlife depends on resources that are found in different places throughout the year, and when animals cannot access food or important habitat, individual animals and the herd can suffer. (pewtrusts.org)
  • For this purpose, we developed and validated an annotation method (called pairwise comparative modelling) on the basis of a three-dimensional structure (homology comparative modelling), leading to the prediction of 6,095 ARDs in a catalogue of 3.9 million proteins from the human intestinal microbiota. (nature.com)
  • However, COVID-19 outbreaks may also lead to an increase in local community consumption and/or utilisation of aquatic food animals or their products due to limited transportation and trade away from the fishing and harvesting communities or limited supplies of alternative sources of animal proteins. (who.int)
  • Oxalate is involved in various metabolic and homeostatic mechanisms in fungi and bacteria and may play an important role in various aspects of animal metabolism, including mitochondrial activity regulation, thyroid function, gluconeogenesis, and glycolysis. (medscape.com)
  • 7 What is new is an understanding that some of the body's memories of early undernutrition become translated into pathology-an unsurprising conclusion since numerous experiments in animals have shown that undernutrition for even brief periods in utero leads to persisting changes in blood pressure, cholesterol metabolism, insulin responses to glucose, and in a range of other metabolic, endocrine, and immune parameters. (bmj.com)
  • 24 Some researchers explore the structure potential to change shapes 23, 25 or to be converted into diverse configurations. (researchgate.net)
  • Researchers at Ohio State University are making strides in understanding memory loss by studying how memories are processed in the human brain. (peta.org)
  • Researchers also wondered: If these other kinds of humans were not so different, did our ancestors have sex with them? (boston.com)
  • Results from experimental animal studies show persistent pulmonary inflammation and lung tumors for both fine and ultrafine TiO 2 in which the dose-response correlated best with particle surface area. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, we have developed an efficient method to directly convert human fibroblasts to astrocytes. (lu.se)
  • We show that our method can be used with fibroblasts obtained from the entire human lifespan. (lu.se)
  • Human neurons have been transplanted in rodents before, but generally in adult animals, usually mice. (co.ke)
  • As humans age, the number of olfactory neurons steadily decreases. (medscape.com)
  • During embryonic life-that is, during the first eight weeks after conception-the body does not increase greatly in size, but the basic human form is laid down in miniature. (bmj.com)
  • 2 WHO, Multidisease Surveillance Centre, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, http://www.who.int/csr/disease/meningococcal/epidemiological/en/index.html (last accessed 30/03/10). (who.int)
  • The discoveries suggest that people gathered at stone structures to perform rituals, depositing animal horns and skulls, in Saudi Arabia about 7,000 years ago. (jpost.com)
  • As described in CIB 66, NIOSH performs in-depth literature searches to ensure that all relevant data from human and animal studies with acute exposures to the substance are identified. (cdc.gov)
  • Many disorders such as autism and schizophrenia are likely uniquely human" but "the human brain certainly has not been very accessible," said said Dr. Sergiu Pasca, senior author of a study describing the work, published Wednesday in the journal Nature. (co.ke)
  • Can Animals Get Schizophrenia, or Is It Unique to Humans? (discovermagazine.com)
  • Such experiments in animals raise ethical concerns. (co.ke)
  • The observed dose-response relationships in the animal data were used to estimate a benchmark dose for a specified level of adverse biological response (1/10 to 1/1,000 excess risk of pulmonary inflammation or lung cancer). (cdc.gov)
  • Then the benchmark dose for animals was extrapolated to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • 2008). However, NIOSH analysis of animal toxicity data revealed that crystal structure did not have an effect on the dose-response relationships between TiO 2 dose and pulmonary inflammation or lung tumor response. (cdc.gov)
  • Neuroimaging studies in borderline personality disorder (BPD), investigating links between altered brain function/structure and dissociation, are still relatively rare. (springer.com)
  • Based on this background, we review recent neuroimaging studies on associations between dissociation and altered brain function and structure in BPD. (springer.com)
  • The present article gives an overview of recent neuroimaging studies in BPD examining associations between state/trait dissociation and altered brain structure and function. (springer.com)
  • Z102007The primary function of the T beta-4 member of the Thymosin-beta family is to maintain the organization of the cell's cytoskeletal structure. (topsan.org)
  • What advantages did curly hair give to our early human ancestors? (jpost.com)
  • But, interestingly, a different kind of human," said Chris Stringer, a human evolution expert at London's Natural History Museum. (boston.com)
  • Quantitative oral absorption data are not available for benzene in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • 2000). Integronlike structures in Campylobacter spp. (cdc.gov)
  • My work Transgenic Cyborg (2000) was made by digitally recomposing elements that combined animals, humans and machines. (forbes.com)
  • The human heart weighs about 0.6 pounds (0.3 kilograms), but a giraffe's weighs about 25 pounds (11 kg), as the organ needs to be powerful enough to pump blood up the animal's long neck. (livescience.com)
  • What are the effects of illness/plagues/epidemics - as well as the human body changing? (swarthmore.edu)
  • The already weak health systems of countries experiencing recurring epidemics suffer when financial, human and logistical resources are further diverted to epidemic response. (who.int)
  • The chemical structure for benzene is included in Appendix E. (cdc.gov)
  • Detailed presentation of pathological conditions in the human body, with particular focus on the cellular basis for disease in muscular, respiratory, renal, and cardiovascular systems. (bradley.edu)
  • Meanwhile, the home range decreases as the animals feed on the monopolized, centralized anthropogenic resources (Gehrt et al. (springer.com)
  • Human-based studies spare countless animals' lives and provide data that are relevant to humans. (peta.org)
  • The organ is responsible for supplying blood to an animal the length of two school buses, said Nikki Vollmer, an assistant scientist for the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies working with the NOAA Fisheries' Southeast. (livescience.com)
  • Animal studies have shown that undernutrition before birth programmes persisting changes in a range of metabolic, physiological, and structural parameters. (bmj.com)
  • Studies in humans have shown that men and women whose birth weights were at the lower end of the normal range, who were thin or short at birth, or who were small in relation to placental size have increased rates of coronary heart disease. (bmj.com)
  • Ancient DNA technology has revolutionized the way we study human history and has quickly taken off, with a constant stream of studies exploring the genes of long-ago people. (boston.com)
  • Studies of fundamental astrocyte biology in humans and their role in neurological disease have been hindered by shortage of native human astrocytes for research purposes and inadequate animal and cell models. (lu.se)
  • Ethicists also wonder about the possibility of brain organoids in the future attaining something like human consciousness, which experts say is extremely unlikely now. (co.ke)
  • A practical on fundamental neuroanatomy will introduce students to gross anatomy of the human brain, cellular staining techniques and comparative neuroanatomy. (ncl.ac.uk)
  • What brain structures are required for consciousness? (lse.ac.uk)
  • However, on October 18, rabies was diagnosed by the direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test from postmortem brain samples tested by the Houston Department of Health and Human Services. (cdc.gov)
  • Millions of animals have lost their lives and countless people lost their homes but luckily people from all around the world are finally realizing the gravity of the situation and are donating money to help Australians fight the fires. (demilked.com)
  • As part of your Higher Degree Research program, your research may require ethical review structures and other governance processes that form the legal framework for all research with human participants or live animals (vertebrates and cephalopods) covered under the National Statement on Ethical Conduct in Humans and the Australian Code for the care and use of animals for scientific purposes. (edu.au)
  • Quite complex is organisation of human society, complex - tangled and interdependent are dynamic processes manifested in our planet, in our solar system and universe. (tripod.com)
  • Ethical review processes, including Informed consent in human or animal research. (edu.au)
  • PETA and an OB/GYN physician previously informed Stenson in an April 2022 letter that federal provisions require the replacement of animal use when possible. (peta.org)
  • We present information that will allow land managers to better understand how existing natural resources, coupled with human recreation, influence the distribution and habitat use of the great gray owl. (usgs.gov)
  • Does the evidence you have seen give you any clues about diet, movement, or which habitat this animal might have lived in? (nhm.ac.uk)
  • Think about how you and some animals might move and use the body part you are thinking of. (nhm.ac.uk)
  • Are there any animals that are alive today that the fossil body part reminds you of? (nhm.ac.uk)
  • Complex is the physical organization of human body, extremely complex is the emotional life of people, their thoughts, ideas and endeavours. (tripod.com)
  • They are physical evidence of a prehistoric living things including plants and animals. (nhm.ac.uk)
  • For human teeth to have a healthy oral environment, all parts of the tooth must develop during appropriate stages of fetal development. (wikipedia.org)
  • In a letter to Amy Stenson , director of OHSU's OB/GYN residency program, PETA urges the school to join the majority of similar programs in the U.S., which have abandoned cruel and inferior animal-based research models. (peta.org)
  • Later, apoptotic death appeared in all the axial structures, with the exception of the notochord, where some dying cells displayed features of secondary necrosis. (karger.com)
  • Those cells then multiplied to form organoids resembling the cerebral cortex, the human brain's outermost layer, which plays a key role in things like memory, thinking, learning, reasoning and emotions. (co.ke)
  • These typically have a 3D structure containing multiple types of cells from a particular organ. (newscientist.com)
  • Here, we propose a technique combining multi-material extrusion and ultrasound standing wave forces to create a network structure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells within a mixture of calcium alginate and decellularized extracellular matrix. (lu.se)
  • Today's urban landscape includes not only cars, bicycles, and pedestrians, but also various mammals and birds that seem to thrive in our human-made environment. (springer.com)
  • Aristotle and his contemporaries marveled at the sudden disappearance of birds and animals in the fall and their reappearance in spring. (pewtrusts.org)
  • The structure of the hemagglutinin, or HA, protein in the virus and the lack of reports of severe disease in poultry indicate that the virus exhibits characteristics of low pathogenicity in birds. (cdc.gov)
  • Little information exists on the status of A, H7N9, virus in wild birds to assess their potential as sources of human infection and dissemination of the virus to new areas. (cdc.gov)
  • Decision-Emergence under Complexity and Chaos , Autopoiesis and Spirituality , Dynamics of Human Identity , Dialogues with Sun , where we discuss both scientific and spiritual dimensions of human life, or read the contents of the book Fuzzy Systems Design: Social and Engineering Applications , where we share some ideas how to apply fuzzy logic when dealing with paradoxes and enigmas of life. (tripod.com)
  • The importance of bending deformation is highlighted by reducing or removing the hinges or other movable joints which result in reducing the complexity of the structures and the maintenance costs. (researchgate.net)
  • sharing the table") is more likely to describe a + /0 relationship between an animal and its host (Johnson et al. (springer.com)
  • Relationship amongst microbes and between microbes and humans. (bradley.edu)
  • Food products from animal sources have virtually no oxalate content. (medscape.com)