AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
DipeptidesCarnosineDipeptidasesNod2 Signaling Adaptor ProteinGlycylglycineDiketopiperazinesSymportersAnserineGlycopeptidesOligopeptidesAmino AcidsGlycineAmino Acid SequenceCathepsin CSubstrate SpecificityCefadroxilPeptidesDipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-PeptidasesCephalexinMolecular Sequence DataAlanineKineticsHydrolysisBiological TransportPeptide SynthasesAdjuvants, ImmunologicStructure-Activity RelationshipAminopeptidasesIntestinal AbsorptionLeucineStereoisomerismHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationProlinePeptidoglycanPeptides, CyclicIntestine, SmallDipeptidyl Peptidase 4Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinase 2Cord FactorsJejunumEscherichia coliMembrane Transport ProteinsPhenylalanineHartnup DiseaseModels, MolecularLeucyl AminopeptidaseCarrier Proteins
Amino acidsRepeat proteinsProteinsHistidineSkeletal muscleEndogenousConcentrationsTherapeuticEnzymePolypeptideProteinVitroCysteineMetabolismAffinityC9orf72IntestinalCarnosine levelsNaturallySerumPeptidesDecreasesEvidenceAntibioticRecentCDNATissuesGeneticsCellsStudiesArginineFindings suggestFoundSpeciesAdultDietaryRoleInsectDiseasesAugmentationBrainEssentialFormMuscleValuesPreventCombination
Amino acids11
  • Human gamma-glutamyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of the glutamyl moiety of glutathione to a variety of amino acids and dipeptide acceptors. (wikipedia.org)
  • 5 However, consumption of both amino acids and CHO results in much greater effects on muscle protein anabolism, 6 suggesting an interactive effect between insulin, amino acid availability, and resistance exercise. (bmj.com)
  • L-Carnitine Tartrate l-carnitine is a dipeptide made from the essential amino acids lysine and methionine. (arnoldsupplements.com)
  • The WD40 repeat domain is definitely a structure of about 40 amino acids, and it usually locates at the end of a tryptophan-aspartic acid (WD) dipeptide. (irjs.info)
  • The activities of chicken extracts are suggested to be related to its active components, including proteins, free amino acids, taurine, many minerals, trace elements, and vitamins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because it contains all the 8 essential amino acids needed by humans. (myhometuition.com)
  • Later research showed that it's a dipeptide, meaning that it consists of two bonded amino acids, beta-alanine and L-histidine. (ironmanmagazine.com)
  • A Powerful Antioxidant to Support Cellular Function, Vegan, Non-GMO, Gluten Free, Premium, Dietary Supplement, GMP Manufacturing, Quality Assured, Independent Testing, Discussion: Carnosine is a dipeptide found in high concentrations in the brain and a source of amino acids which promotes the maintenance of muscle protein synthesis. (foodpharmacy.blog)
  • It is a dipeptide made up of two amino acids, histidine and beta alanine. (foodpharmacy.blog)
  • This gene provides instructions for making the enzyme prolidase, also called peptidase D. Prolidase helps divide certain dipeptides, which are molecules composed of two protein building blocks ( amino acids ). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Specifically, prolidase divides dipeptides containing the amino acids proline or hydroxyproline. (medlineplus.gov)
Repeat proteins3
  • Repeat-associated non-AUG translation of this expansion produces dipeptide repeat proteins (DRPs). (frontiersin.org)
  • It has recently been found that arginine-containing dipeptide repeat proteins (R-DPRs), translated from C9orf72 repeat expansions, directly bind to several importins. (rug.nl)
  • It was reported that a human being protein comprising five WD40 repeat domains can stabilize ORC binding to chromatin by interacting with ORC and modulating the chromatin association of ORC in human being cells [12], suggesting that WD40 repeat proteins play important roles in human being DNA replication. (irjs.info)
Proteins2
  • To determine the reason for this species specificity, chimeras were constructed linking three structurally independent regions of the TFIIS proteins from yeast and human cells. (embl.de)
  • in which novel proteins are introduced into the human food chain. (ispub.com)
Histidine6
  • High (millimolar) concentrations of the histidine containing dipeptide - carnosine (β-alanine-L-histidine) are present in the skeletal muscle. (frontiersin.org)
  • Carnosine (β-alanine-histidine) is an endogenous histidyl dipeptide, present in high concentration in the skeletal muscle (1-20 mM), heart (0.1-1 mM), and brain (1-2 mM). (frontiersin.org)
  • It is rich in the bioactive compounds carnosine and anserine, two histidine-containing dipeptides (HCD). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carnosine and its methylated analogue anserine are histidine-containing dipeptides (HCD) present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle of mammals and therefore abundantly present in the daily food of non-vegetarian persons [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One major pathway of aldehyde detoxification in vivo is through conjugation with glutathione catalyzed by glutathione-S-transferases or, alternatively, by conjugation with endogenous histidine containing dipeptides, such as carnosine (CAR). (usp.br)
  • The purported pleiotropic effects of carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) have attracted interest in this histidine-containing dipeptide in recent years due to its potential ergogenic and therapeutic benefits. (bmj.com)
Skeletal muscle2
  • Although skeletal muscle is the major carnosine depot, the role of the dipeptide in preventing skeletal muscle injury has not been studied, and it is unclear whether carnosine affects ischemic damage or post injury events underlying wound healing and tissue angiogenesis. (frontiersin.org)
  • 1 Its abundance in skeletal muscle suggests that it plays an important role during exercise, with a key physiological role considered to be intracellular acid-base regulation, although further roles for carnosine have also been suggested, such as protection against oxidative damage, glycation and regulation of calcium sensitivity (for review, see ref. 2 ). (bmj.com)
Endogenous1
  • In WB, this antibody has been tested with NOD2 transfected 293T lysates and HT29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma lysates (endogenous detection has some background) where a band is seen at ~110 kDa. (novusbio.com)
Concentrations1
  • As part of a series of studies to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of ammonia-lowering agents, groups of rats with ALF caused by hepatic devascularization were treated with L-ornithine-L-aspartate (OA), an agent shown previously to be effective in reducing blood ammonia concentrations in both experimental and human chronic liver failure. (nih.gov)
Therapeutic2
  • Therapeutic potential of a non-toxic but non-patentable dipeptide. (getwellnatural.com)
  • The promotion of melanocyte proliferation and melanogenesis enhancement has been suggested as a prospective vitiligo therapeutic strategy and therapeutic modalities such as platelet-rich plasma intradermal injections have been used in the treatment of vitiligo, with promising results. (jcadonline.com)
Enzyme4
  • Unfortunately, the bioavailability of carnosine in the circulation following supplementation is very low in humans due to the fast breakdown by the very active human serum carnosinase-1 (CN1) enzyme, and acute carnosine supplementation (20 mg/kg BW) could not elicit improvements in a high-intensity cycling test [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein P is broken down by an enzyme (polypeptidase) in hydrolysis to form dipeptides. (myhometuition.com)
  • The cDNA of the human enzyme has been described in 1995 (Paris et al. (justia.com)
  • We suggest that the tertiary epoxide warhead from the landepoxcins develops because of the addition of 1 instead of two methyl groupings with the methyltransferase domains from the AR412 PKS enzyme (16). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
Polypeptide1
  • that is not part of a dipeptide, polypeptide or oligopeptide. (patentlyo.com)
Protein6
  • Recombinant human NOD2 protein corresponding to residues 28-301. (novusbio.com)
  • Human being IPI3 was expected to play a possible part in the assembly of the large ribosomal subunit inside a computational analysis of large-scale protein-protein relationships [11]. (irjs.info)
  • The human being homolog of yIpi3p is definitely WD repeat domain 18, which is a member of the WD repeat protein family, and hIPI3 protein shares significant homology with yIpi3p, with 22% identity and 40% similarity. (irjs.info)
  • The structure of the ribosome also suggests an evolutionary path along which RNA enzymes may have been replaced by protein enzymes in evolution. (heresy.is)
  • EC3.4.141), is a lysosomal cysteine protease capable of removing dipeptides from the amino terminus of protein substrates. (justia.com)
  • Beta-alanine is found in small amounts in protein, such as chicken, and in humans it's a by-product of the metabolism of nucleic acids. (ironmanmagazine.com)
Vitro1
  • Intestinal absorption of aminopenicillins in vitro uses the dipeptide carrier system. (aspetjournals.org)
Cysteine1
  • The crystallographic structure as well as pH titration studies and mutagenesis of an active site cysteine suggest a catalytic mechanism that includes general acid-base and covalent catalysis during peptide bond isomerization. (rcsb.org)
Metabolism1
  • doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.201343 Chronic oral ingestion of l-carnitine and carbohydrate increases muscle carnitine content and alters muscle fuel metabolism during exercise in humans. (arnoldsupplements.com)
Affinity2
  • These affinity-constants are in range with those of the physiological ACE substrates and suggest the importance of Neb-ODAIF and its cleavage products in the elucidation of the physiological role of insect ACE. (ox.ac.uk)
  • There was also no direct correlation between increased fidelity and template-primer affinity, suggesting a change in the active site that is conducive to better discrimination during dNTP insertion. (elsevierpure.com)
C9orf721
  • The most common genetic form of ALS is caused by a repeat expansion in the intron of the gene C9orf72 which leads to translation of a toxic dipeptide. (cureffi.org)
Intestinal2
  • Results obtained show that 1) intestinal absorption kinetics of amoxicillin follows a zero-order process, which further substantiates the existence of a saturable carrier-mediated process for this antibiotic in humans and 2) calcium channel blockade significantly enhances both absorption rate (by 70%) and bioavailability of amoxicillin (by 21.4%) without modifying its distribution or elimination. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These findings might suggest that nifedipine could enhance amoxicillin intestinal uptake by stimulating its active transport. (aspetjournals.org)
Carnosine levels1
  • The chronic use of chicken breast extract, containing carnosine and anserine, is shown to enhance muscle carnosine levels in humans [ 7 ] and to improve high-intensity endurance performance by attenuation of muscle fatigue [ 8 ], demonstrating the same mechanism of action of the β-alanine supplementation approach. (biomedcentral.com)
Naturally1
Serum2
  • 1 L/d drinking water was associated with profound changes in serum and urine metabolomic profile, which suggested normalization of an aestivation-like metabolic pattern and a switch away from a Warburg-like pattern. (ppexmed.com)
  • Antonini and colleagues (2) showed that oral administration of L-carnosine to adult humans led to a rise in serum total anti-oxidant capacity. (getwellnatural.com)
Peptides2
  • Laboratory research also shows that collagen peptides can stimulate the production of collagen and can be metabolized into even smaller peptides known as dipeptides. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
  • 5 In addition, animal research suggests that collagen peptides can prevent ultraviolet-induced skin damage by increasing the number of fibroblasts and the density and thickness of collagen fibrils in the skin. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
Decreases1
  • Daily ingestion of grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta) extract increases whole-body energy expenditure and decreases visceral fat in humans. (arnoldsupplements.com)
Evidence4
  • Studies suggest that acute pre-exercise ingestion of chicken extracts has important applications towards exercise performance and fatigue control, but the evidence is equivocal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Accumulating evidence indicates oral supplementation of Polypodium leucotomos extract provides potent protection against skin photoaging, suggesting it may also have a role in skin cancer prevention. (lifeextension.com)
  • This result adds to an accumulating body of evidence suggesting that J1074 is a gifted host for heterologous expression of natural product BGCs, and as such represents a good first choice for heterologous expression studies (19, 20). (engineering-gdfsuez.com)
  • Some evidence suggests that arginine may help improve blood flow in the heart's arteries. (hollandandbarrett.com)
Antibiotic1
  • Fosfomycin has been suggested for combination antibiotic therapy, but data are sparse, so far. (bvsalud.org)
Recent2
  • Recent studies suggest that they may contain biological activities related to human health. (usda.gov)
  • To date, studies addressing the incidence of asthma after bronchiolitis severe enough to warrant hospitalization have focused almost exclusively on RSV, but a number of recent studies suggest that other respiratory pathogens, including RV, may contribute as well. (atsjournals.org)
CDNA1
  • Gamma-glutamyltransferase: nucleotide sequence of the human pancreatic cDNA. (wikipedia.org)
Tissues2
  • In turn, these dipeptides can stimulate fibroblasts (cells that contribute to the formation of connective tissues) and chondrocytes (cells responsible for cartilage formation) to synthesize hyaluronic acid, which helps retain water in both the skin and synovial fluid. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
  • Lumican also protects tissues by moderating an immune response to DNA, whether from an invading virus or from human cells that are dying and release their DNA. (biospace.com)
Genetics1
Cells5
  • Here we display that hIPI3 also has important functions in the initiation of DNA replication TMC353121 in human being cells. (irjs.info)
  • Discovered more than a century ago, carnosine has been shown to suppress the aged phenotype in cultured human cells. (getwellnatural.com)
  • MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) tests demonstrated that the GA-mPEG 2000 micelle formulation had obvious cytotoxicity to tumor cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. (dovepress.com)
  • Some studies found that carnosine also extended the life of human cells in cultures. (foodpharmacy.blog)
  • Peptide-based agents generally have a favorable safety profile with low toxicity towards human cells. (researchpeptides.net)
Studies2
  • studies suggest that many transcripts of this gene family may be non-functional or represent pseudogenes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies in experimental animal models of ALF suggest a role for ammonia in the pathogenesis of both encephalopathy and brain edema in this condition. (nih.gov)
Arginine1
Findings suggest2
  • Furthermore, our findings suggest that asymmetric dimethylation of polyGR and polyPR by Type I PRMTs plays important roles in their cytotoxicity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our findings suggest that GA-mPEG 2000 micelles may have promising applications in tumor therapy. (dovepress.com)
Found1
  • Javamide-I/-II are dipeptide-like phenolic compounds found in coffee beans and products. (usda.gov)
Species1
  • Domain I is conserved in evolution from yeast to human species and is homologous to the transcription factors elongin A and CRSP70. (embl.de)
Adult1
  • New research on adult atopic dermatitis (AD) suggests that relationship between the gut microbiome and AD is key to developing beneficial treatments. (nutraingredients.com)
Dietary1
  • An overview of herb and dietary supplement efficacy, safety and government regulations in the united states with suggested improvements. (foodpharmacy.blog)
Role1
  • 8 SIRT1/sirtuin is also reported to play a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis and is known to extend the lifespan of some model organisms, suggesting it may also help extend human lifespan. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
Insect2
  • This 1312.7 Da peptide with the sequence NKLKPSQWISL, is substrate to both insect and human ACE. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Both insect and human ACE hydrolyze Neb-ODAIF by sequentially cleaving off two C-terminal dipeptides. (ox.ac.uk)
Diseases1
  • Alternatively, they can serve as lead compounds in the development of new drugs against ACE-related diseases in humans. (ox.ac.uk)
Augmentation2
  • Collectively, these data suggest that carnosine promotes post ischemic revascularization via augmentation of pro-angiogenic HIF-1α/VEGF signaling, possibly by Fe 2+ chelation. (frontiersin.org)
  • According to a Forbes article, "Biohacking, also known as human augmentation or human enhancement, is do-it-yourself biology aimed at improving performance, health, and wellbeing through strategic interventions. (nutritionaloutlook.com)
Brain1
  • Drugs that promoted or stopped seizures respectively increased or decreased the extent of the Tau-linked condition, suggesting that anticonvulsants could help to manage brain traumas in the clinic ( Figure 1 ). (elifesciences.org)
Essential1
  • The human rotamase or peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 is a conserved mitotic regulator essential for the G2/M transition of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (rcsb.org)
Form1
  • However, there is interest in the possibility of Peptide reactivity exploiting these same experimental approaches to distinguish between different forms of chemical aller- gens - as individual materials are primarily associated with one or the other form of sensitization in humans. (cdc.gov)
Muscle1
  • This is largely thanks to its relationship to an increase in human growth hormone (the production of which drops off as we age), which helps us recover from workouts, improves strength, and enhances libido and muscle growth. (hollandandbarrett.com)
Values2
  • K(m) values of Neb-ODAIF and Neb-ODAIF(1-9) (NKLKPSQWI) for human somatic ACE (sACE) are 17 and 81 microM, respectively. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Accordingly, the use of the term "trended" suggests that the mean values of these measures were worse in the 90 mg group than the placebo group but that the difference was not statistically significant, or at least not for all such measures. (cureffi.org)
Prevent1
  • This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. (aspetjournals.org)
Combination1
  • Although the number of patients treated with the combination treatment was limited in our study, our results suggest that the addition of HTIC to NB-UVB therapy might offer a more rapid onset of repigmentation in patients with vitiligo. (jcadonline.com)