Human immune tolerance. Medical search. Frequent questions

There are two mechanisms that maintain immunological tolerance denominated central and peripheral tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance include inactivation of autoantigen-recognizing T and B cells by the induction of apoptosis, anergy or conversion into immunosuppressive regulatory cells. (frontiersin.org)
During the past 20 years, major advances have been made in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms of allergen tolerance in humans. (jci.org)
Despite these studies, the precise mechanisms for impaired GI tract immune system responses remain unclear. (nih.gov)
In the cells-followed-by-CP system, the sequential mechanisms of tolerance were clarified using the specific correlation between superantigens and certain T cell receptor (TCR) V beta segments. (nih.gov)
Mapping the epigenomic landscape of human monocytes following innate immune activation reveals context-specific mechanisms driving endotoxin tolerance. (ox.ac.uk)
Effects of adjuvant chemotherapy on specific and non-specific immune mechanisms. (curehunter.com)
We thus conclude that the administration of CMF in the adjuvant setting leads to a pronounced and prolonged impairment of certain immune mechanisms. (curehunter.com)
Researchers have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms of metal allergy using animal models and human patients. (mdpi.com)
Several studies have analyzed the mechanisms of the immune response elicited against T solium cysticercus, such as the heterogeneity of the humoral immune response, the existence of immune evasive mechanisms, and the fact that the immune response can both protect and harm the host. (medscape.com)
The immune response against T solium cysticerci appears to have components of both T helper type 1 cells (Th1) and T helper type 2 cells (Th2), although the underlying mechanisms are yet to be clarified. (medscape.com)
Autoimmunity increases with aging indicative of reduced immune tolerance, but the mechanisms involved are poorly defined. (stir.ac.uk)
Similarities and differences between findings in the mouse and human, and the potential evolutionary significance of mechanisms affecting reproductive success are reviewed. (mcmaster.ca)
p class=\'abstract\'>While food allergy oral immunotherapy (OIT) can provide safe and effective desensitization (DS), the immune mechanisms underlying development of sustained unresponsiveness (SU) following a period of avoidance are largely unknown. (stanford.edu)
Carbon storage regulator A contributes to the virulence of Haemophilus ducreyi in humans by multiple mechanisms. (iu.edu)
Identification of specific mechanisms by which autoimmunity is generated at a mucosal site (molecular mimicry, alteration of human proteins or creation of an inflammatory environment in which autoimmunity develops). (medscape.com)
To study the mechanisms behind how the innate immune system in late stage cancer patients is suppressed, with consequences and how to restore it. (lu.se)
All these mechanisms are mediated by innate immune cells. (lu.se)
Understanding the immune suppression in breast cancer patients may lead to insights into treatment responses, resistance mechanisms and novel treatment modalities aimed to hinder this phenomenon which would eventually encumber the devastating progression of breast cancer metastasis. (lu.se)

This system may be applicable to human transplantation. (nih.gov)
and evaluating transplantation alternatives to human islets. (nih.gov)
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) replacement transplantation can ameliorate diseased hematologic system, thus inhibiting immune disorders including autoimmune diseases and immunodeficient disorders. (stanford.edu)
The resultant chimeric immune systems were demonstrated to be immunologically tolerant to heart tissue from the HSC donor, providing a safe platform for HSC transplantation as a means to solid organ transplantation. (stanford.edu)
We are further investigating the potential of this therapy in improving immune tolerance and graft versus host diseases associated with corneal transplantation. (stanford.edu)
Ye is a Professor of Autoimmune liver diseases and Translational Hepatology at the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham and Consultant Hepatologist at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital where he specialises in the management of autoimmune liver diseases, immune mediated liver injury and liver transplantation. (birmingham.ac.uk)
This proposal focuses on the role of the immune system in transplantation of derivatives of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). (ca.gov)
Transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage organ failure, but organ survival is limited by immune rejection and the side effects of immunosuppressive regimens. (lu.se)

The basic premise of the eu-FEDS hypothesis is that both soluble and cell surface associated glycoproteins, present in the reproductive system and expressed on gametes, suppress any potential immune responses, and inhibit rejection of the fetus. (wikipedia.org)
The next wave of truly transformative therapeutics should aspire to provide a cure by selectively suppressing pathogenic autoantigen-specific immune responses while leaving the rest of the immune system intact to control infectious diseases and malignancies. (frontiersin.org)
The mammalian immune system evolved to protect our bodies from foreign pathogens and intrinsic aberrant malignancies while concurrently preventing deleterious immune responses toward self ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Currently, the known essential components of allergen tolerance include the induction of allergen-specific regulatory subsets of T and B cells, the immune-suppressive function of secreted factors, such as IL-10 and TGF-β, the production of IgG4 isotype allergen-specific blocking antibodies, and decreased allergic inflammatory responses by mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils in inflamed tissues. (jci.org)
Further, it has been shown that gut-associated lymphoreticular tissue (GALT) mediated immune responses are more susceptible to aging than are lymphoid tissues involved in peripheral immunity. (nih.gov)
A SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitope homologous to a validated human Treg epitope (Tregitope) suppresses CD4 and CD8 T cell memory responses Shah Md. Shahjahan Miah, Andres Gutierrez, Sandra Lelias, Christine M. Boyle, Lenny Moise, Anne S. De Groot EpiVax Inc, Providence, RI. (epivax.com)
The immune system must distinguish not only between self and non-self, but also between innocuous and pathological foreign antigens to prevent unnecessary or self-destructive immune responses. (nature.com)
In situ immunization aims at generating antitumor immune responses through manipulating the tumor microenvironment. (aacrjournals.org)
In mice, this three-step therapy induced CD4- and CD8-dependent systemic immune responses that enhanced T-cell infiltration into distant tumors, leading to their eradication and significantly improving survival. (aacrjournals.org)
In recent years, subsets of B cells with immunoregulatory properties have been identified in murine models of autoimmune disorders, and these cells downregulate immune responses via secretion of IL10. (stir.ac.uk)
In humans, immature transitional B cells with a CD19+CD24hiCD38hi phenotype have been reported to regulate immune responses via IL10 production. (stir.ac.uk)
In order for stem cell therapies to proceed, it will be essential that the regulation of immune responses to the stem cell derived tissues be achieved. (ca.gov)
Tim-3 has been proposed to inhibit Th1-mediated immune responses and promote immunological tolerance. (biolegend.com)
While genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenic process of AIH [ 2 ], dysfunctional immune responses are also crucial for the development and progression of AIH [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Her research interests include T cell biology (development, differentiation, and tolerance) and human and mouse immune responses in infectious and inflammatory diseases. (iu.edu)
In particular we will examine the role of microbes in shaping mucosal and systemic immune responses. (medscape.com)
We will also outline how microbes, as well as other factors such as smoking, can trigger immune responses at mucosal sites and eventually lead to RA. (medscape.com)
Finally, we propose a research agenda for greater understanding of the role of mucosal immune responses in the initiation of autoimmunity and RA. (medscape.com)
They occasionally exhibit toxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic effects, or they modulate immune responses. (cdc.gov)

The humoral immune response to antigens of T solium cysticerci is evident from the number of immunodiagnostic assays that have been developed using different types of antigens. (medscape.com)
One approach involves induction of tolerance with engineered dendritic cells (tolDCs) loaded with specific antigens. (guthyjacksonfoundation.org)
We sought to determine whether immune reactivity occurs between anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein antibodies and human tissue antigens, and whether molecular mimicry between COVID-19 viral proteins and human tissues could be the cause. (frontiersin.org)
We applied both human monoclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (spike protein, nucleoprotein) and rabbit polyclonal anti-SARS-Cov-2 antibodies (envelope protein, membrane protein) to 55 different tissue antigens. (frontiersin.org)
We also did selective epitope mapping using BLAST and showed similarities and homology between spike, nucleoprotein, and many other SARS-CoV-2 proteins with the human tissue antigens mitochondria M2, F-actin and TPO. (frontiersin.org)
These inflammatory processes are counteracted by Th2/3-type cytokines that arise in part from V gamma 1 delta 6 T cells reacting to, as yet, unidentified trophoblast antigens in the presence of the 'tolerance signaling molecule' OX-2. (mcmaster.ca)
the fusion of antigens to transmucosal carriers enhances efficiency of their delivery to the immune system and facilitates successful development of plant vaccines as oral boosters. (upenn.edu)
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important regulators of immune tolerance to self-antigens [ 14 , 15 ], and their impairment has been associated with the development of autoimmune diseases [ 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

We therefore propose that an age-related decline in CD19+CD24hiCD38hi B cell number and function may contribute towards the increased autoimmunity and reduced immune tolerance seen with aging. (stir.ac.uk)
This extensive immune cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and different antigen groups may play a role in the multi-system disease process of COVID-19, influence the severity of the disease, precipitate the onset of autoimmunity in susceptible subgroups, and potentially exacerbate autoimmunity in subjects that have pre-existing autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, our results can establish the potential risk for autoimmunity and multi-system disorders with COVID-19 that may come from cross-reactivity between our own human tissues and this dreaded virus, and thus ensure that the badly-needed vaccines and treatments being developed for it are truly safe to use against this disease. (frontiersin.org)
Mucosa serves to educate the immune system, leading to a host that is more susceptible to autoimmunity through alteration of regulatory cells. (medscape.com)
Mucosal sites might be targeted by systemic autoimmunity resulting in local immune-mediated injury. (medscape.com)
The essential role Fas plays in maintaining lymphocyte homeostasis and peripheral immune tolerance to prevent autoimmunity was first clarified by studying Fas-deficient MRL/lpr-/- mice. (medscape.com)

Second, T cell therapies using Tregs (either polyclonal, antigen-specific, or genetically engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to establish active dominant immune tolerance or T cells (engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors) to delete pathogenic immune cells. (frontiersin.org)
Strategies aimed at antigen-specific tolerance to these autoantigens are thus indicated for these diseases. (guthyjacksonfoundation.org)
Elicitation of specific IL-10 production by peptide-specific T cells in MS and NMOSD patients indicates that a key element in antigen specific tolerance is activated with this approach. (guthyjacksonfoundation.org)
This partnership validates our approach of using synthesized human T cell repertoires to generate safe and effective libraries to discover antigen specific TCRs at scale," said Elizabeth Wood, Ph.D., Founder & CEO, JURA Bio. (businesswire.com)

Indeed, the frequencies of naive CD4+ T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) in Peyer's patches of aged mice were reduced and this led to a lack of essential cytokine synthesis for the induction of either S-IgA immunity or oral tolerance. (nih.gov)
A cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced tolerance system in mice that primarily consists of donor cell injection followed by CP-treatment was found useful for inducing a long-lasting allo- or xeno-tolerance to various solid organs. (nih.gov)
In mice, loss between the time of implantation (day 4.5) and formation of a vascularized placenta (day 9.5) when the embryo is too large to survive by diffusion alone, is analogous to occult pregnancy failure in humans. (mcmaster.ca)
From studies in mice, these early losses have a different mechanism than abortion of a vascularized placenta (analogous to clinically evident human spontaneous miscarriage). (mcmaster.ca)
however, systemic suppression which has been demonstrated in mice has not been seen in humans. (cdc.gov)
Immune tolerance to Aspergillus fumigatus versus Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: roles of OX40L and vitamin D in humans and mice. (weeksmd.com)

In addition, suppressor immune cells such as FOXP3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert dominant immune suppression to control autoreactive T and B cells. (frontiersin.org)
However, there was no age-associated change in expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 on CD19+CD24hiCD38hi cells, suggesting IL10-dependent immune suppression is impaired, but contact-dependent suppressive capacity is intact with age. (stir.ac.uk)

This is the same mechanism used by parasitic nematodes to avoid detection by the immune system of their host. (wikipedia.org)
It is believed that the ancestors of modern viviparous mammals evolved after an infection by this virus, enabling the fetus to better resist the immune system of the mother. (wikipedia.org)
Still, the placental barrier is not the sole means to evade the immune system, as foreign fetal cells also persist in the maternal circulation, on the other side of the placental barrier. (wikipedia.org)
One model for the induction of tolerance during the very early stages of pregnancy is the eutherian fetoembryonic defense system (eu-FEDS) hypothesis. (wikipedia.org)
Immune tolerance co-evolved as a safety system that maintains a state of immune unresponsiveness to autoantigens and self-tissues ( 2 , 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Age-associated dysregulation of the immune system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has been well documented for both secretory (S)-IgA immunity and oral tolerance. (nih.gov)
Our findings identify an endogenous receptor-mediated event that drives Tr1 differentiation and suggest that the complement system has a previously unappreciated role in T-cell-mediated immunity and tolerance. (nature.com)
Van Parijs, A. & Abbas, A. K. Homeostasis and self-tolerance in the immune system: turning lymphocytes off. (nature.com)
While the cysts can develop in any human tissue, they have a predilection for the central nervous system (CNS), skeletal muscle, subcutaneous tissue, and eyes. (medscape.com)
2 The interaction of IVIG with a large number of components of the immune system including Fc receptors, complement molecules, cytokines, B and T lymphocytes, neutrophils and NK cells, may explain at least in part their anti-inflammatory effects. (academie-medecine.fr)
IVIG acts at various levels of autoimmune response such as initiation, amplification and effector phase by targeting various soluble and cellular compartments of the immune system. (academie-medecine.fr)
Amongst its various health benefits, astaxanthin can modulate signaling pathways that regulate autophagy and contributes to the integrity of the gut mucosal lining by supporting the immune system. (wellnessresources.com)
There is a layer of mucous that protects the inside gut wall which directly impacts your gut flora and immune system. (wellnessresources.com)
IgA is critical for healthy gut microbiome balance, immune system protection against germs, foreign substances, and inflammation, and the structure of the gut wall. (wellnessresources.com)
The spontaneous loss of normal karyotype embryos may be initiated or prevented by the maternal immune system. (mcmaster.ca)
Yet another challenge is the risk of inducing tolerance without priming the host immune system. (upenn.edu)
Research has suggested that conservation of the immune system across species lessens reservations regarding this practice. (cdc.gov)
The human immune system is a powerful source of safe and effective immune receptors, and while one patient might lack a TCR necessary to fight cancer, it may be present in another. (businesswire.com)
One of the next preclinical steps, according to the authors, is to evaluate, in the lab, differentiated patient-specific human embryonic stem cell lines for immune-system tolerance, therapeutic efficacy and safety. (scienceblog.com)
We beforehand reported the era of a transgenic murine mannequin of progeria carrying a human BAC harboring the frequent mutation, G608G, which within the single-copy state develops options of HGPS which might be restricted to the vascular system. (eumorphia.org)
Your immune system protects you from illness and foreign substances that can harm you. (brighamandwomens.org)
Scientists have found a way to use the body's immune system to help treat or prevent many health problems. (brighamandwomens.org)
Vaccines get your immune system to learn to respond to a possible infection. (brighamandwomens.org)
Then your immune system will fight it off quickly if it ever sees it in the future. (brighamandwomens.org)
This helps your immune system build up a tolerance to that allergen. (brighamandwomens.org)
Lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system can eradicate tumor cells. (lu.se)
For this they need to be activated by cells of the innate immune system. (lu.se)
It is clear however, that tumors skew the immune system towards a "tolerogenic" faith, leading to immune-paralysis. (lu.se)
Prenatal and postnatal environment exposures may disturb lung growth and delay immune system maturation, resulting in an increased susceptibility to asthma and wheezing disorders in childhood. (bvsalud.org)

Here we show that co-engagement of CD3 and the complement regulator CD46 in the presence of IL-2 induces a Tr1-specific cytokine phenotype in human CD4 + T cells. (nature.com)
Figure 1: CD3/CD46 stimulation induces IL-10 production in human peripheral blood CD4 + T lymphocytes. (nature.com)
Using a human monocytic cell line, we demonstrate that Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a major etiological factor in periodontal disease, induces only partial immune tolerance, with continued high production of interleukin-8 (IL-8) but diminished secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) after repeated challenge. (elsevierpure.com)
Haemophilus ducreyi infection induces activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in nonpolarized but not in polarized human macrophages. (iu.edu)
In this state the immune response is suppressed by the tumor and even induces a wound healing processes stimulating tumor progression. (lu.se)

Evidence suggest that a patient's genetic predisposition together with environmental factors, such as exposure to pathogens that exhibit molecular mimicry, disturb immune tolerance ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

Here, we aimed to advance understanding of epigenetic regulation following innate immune activation, acutely and in endotoxin tolerant states.MethodsWe exposed human primary monocytes from healthy donors (n = 6) to interferon-γ or differing combinations of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), including acute response (2 h) and two models of endotoxin tolerance: repeated stimulations (6 + 6 h) and prolonged exposure to endotoxin (24 h). (ox.ac.uk)
Overall, these findings suggest that induction of an imbalanced immune tolerance in monocytes by P. gingivalis LPS, which favors continued secretion of IL-8 but decreased TNF-a production, may be associated with enhanced migration of neutrophils to the site of infection but also with decreased apoptosis and may play a role in the chronic inflammatory state seen in periodontal disease. (elsevierpure.com)

Loss of immune tolerance to autoantigens associated with a specific organ results in the activation of organ-specific T and B cells that in turn cause organ-specific inflammation and the development of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) ( 5 ), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) ( 6 ), psoriasis ( 7 ), and type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Thus, therapeutics that induce, restore, and maintain immune tolerance toward these autoantigens represent the "Holy Grail" of treatments for autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)

Human embryonic stem cells (hESC), and other related pluripotent stem cells, have great potential as starting material for the manufacture of curative cell therapies. (ca.gov)

Immune cells from patients without ABPA were found to have higher levels of certain proteins that are essential in the development of allergen tolerance. (weeksmd.com)

Aging also impairs oral tolerance, which may be of central importance for maintaining GI homeostasis. (nih.gov)

Immune tolerance in pregnancy or maternal immune tolerance is the immune tolerance shown towards the fetus and placenta during pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)

Peripheral tolerance occurs in the secondary lymphoid organs (e.g. spleen, lymph nodes, and mucosal/gut associated lymphoid tissues) and peripheral tissues. (frontiersin.org)
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the tissues supporting the teeth, is characterized by an exaggerated host immune and inflammatory response to periopathogenic bacteria. (elsevierpure.com)

This tolerance counters the immune response that would normally result in the rejection of something foreign in the body, as can happen in cases of spontaneous abortion. (wikipedia.org)
Many cases of spontaneous abortion may be described in the same way as maternal transplant rejection, and a chronic insufficient tolerance may cause infertility. (wikipedia.org)
Despite the obvious economic advantages regarding the production and "scaling-up" of allogeneic hPSC-derivatives, the issue of immune rejection remains unresolved. (biomedcentral.com)

Human Tregs are CD4 + CD25 + , and their development and function depend on forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) expression [ 14 , 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

The endotoxin tolerance models showed distinct chromatin accessibility and transcriptomic signatures, with integrated analysis identifying genes and pathways involved in the inflammatory response, detoxification, metabolism and wound healing. (ox.ac.uk)
Previously, we showed that exosomes derived from human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC-exosomes) attenuate AD-like symptoms by reducing multiple inflammatory cytokine levels. (mdpi.com)
Augmentation of the platelet counts in the immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) as first demonstrated by Imbach and co-workers, opened the way for the application of IVIG in other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases [1, 9]. (academie-medecine.fr)

By leveraging machine learning to rewrite the gene synthesis process from the ground up, we can produce extraordinarily high-quality immune receptors libraries to discover and train probabilistic machine learning models to ensure a faster development process that identifies TCRs recognizing the most challenging therapeutic targets. (businesswire.com)
These strategies should be an important focus of future studies that aim to develop immune checkpoint inhibitors to block the interaction between HLA-G and its receptors for the treatment of cancer. (bvsalud.org)

Our aim is to establish phenotypically and transcriptionally characterized different subsets of primary human ocular cells. (stanford.edu)

Special care was taken to overcome the " hard" barriers of allo- or xeno-combinations by reducing the "split tolerance" produced through the clonal destruction mechanism. (nih.gov)

First, tolerogenic vaccines aiming at robust, lasting autoantigen-specific immune tolerance. (frontiersin.org)
Immune tolerance in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica with peptide-loaded tolerogenic dendritic cells in a phase 1b trial. (guthyjacksonfoundation.org)

Central tolerance occurs during lymphocyte development in the primary lymphoid organs (i.e. thymus and bone marrow), where T or B cell clones that recognize autoantigens with high-affinity are deleted. (frontiersin.org)

Plant-Made Oral Vaccines Against Human Infectious Diseases-Are we There yet? (upenn.edu)

Peripheral tolerance evolved to counteract autoantigen-recognizing T or B cells that escape central tolerance. (frontiersin.org)

Results of a cell study ,published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, identified a connection between vitamin D levels and the activity of certain allergy associated immune cells. (weeksmd.com)
Kolls and colleagues set out to identify why only certain sub-set of patients with asthma and CF suffered from the mold allergy - assessing the factors that regulate the tolerance or sensitization to common mold during the development of ABPA. (weeksmd.com)

The peri-islet membrane, which encapsulates the islets, separates the endocrine cells from the exocrine pancreas and serves as a barrier from immune cell infiltration to the islets. (nature.com)

Evidence for a thymus-dependent form of tolerance that is not based on elimination or anergy of reactive T cells. (nature.com)

Understanding heterogeneity of human bone marrow plasma cell maturation and survival pathways by single-cell analyses. (immunetolerance.org)

Scientists have isolated the first human embryonic stem cell lines specifically tailored to match the nuclear DNA of patients, both males and females of various ages, suffering from disease or spinal cord injury. (scienceblog.com)
Each of the 11 new human embryonic stem cell lines was created by transferring the nuclear genetic material from a non-reproductive cell of a patient into a donated egg, or "oocyte," whose nucleus had been removed. (scienceblog.com)
The Korean researchers who performed this stem cell research improved upon their protocols that yielded the first embryonic stem cell line from a cloned human blastocyst. (scienceblog.com)

In this mechanism, antibodies formed against SARS-CoV-2 would also bind to human tissue proteins leading to autoimmune reactivity. (frontiersin.org)

Primary human neutrophils incubated with P. gingivalis LPS-treated naïve monocyte supernatant displayed a high migration index and increased apoptosis. (elsevierpure.com)

Methods to reliably obtain high-quality biospecimens that can be tested for a variety of factors, including metabolic, immune and microbiome, need to be established for each mucosal region. (medscape.com)

A critical roadblock to successful cell replacement therapies, no matter what the disease or injury, is the fact that the immune system's main function is to prevent the introduction of foreign substances into our bodies. (ca.gov)

The placenta does not block maternal IgG antibodies, which thereby may pass through the human placenta, providing immune protection to the fetus against infectious diseases. (wikipedia.org)
By contrast, peri-implantation losses (between implantation and formation of a vascularized placenta, analogous to occult losses in humans) appear to be dependent upon perforin(+)cells, complement activation, and products of alphabeta T and NK alphabeta T cells, but not on TNF- alpha or procoagulant activation. (mcmaster.ca)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a peptide hormone produced in pregnancy, that is made by the embryo soon after conception and later by the trophoblast (part of the placenta). (goldbamboo.com)

Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (cdc.gov)

Lactose tolerance tests measure your body's ability to break down lactose. (medlineplus.gov)

4] This provided insights into the pathophysiology of a similar syndrome seen in humans. (medscape.com)

Other examples of insufficient immune tolerance in pregnancy are Rh disease and pre-eclampsia: Rh disease is caused by the mother producing antibodies (including IgG antibodies) against the Rhesus D antigen on their baby's red blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
Its role is to prevent the disintegration of the corpus luteum of the ovary and thereby maintain progesterone production that is critical for a pregnancy in humans. (goldbamboo.com)
hCG may have additional functions, for instance it is thought that it affects the immune tolerance of the pregnancy. (goldbamboo.com)

Human and mouse macrophages have also been shown to behave almost identically in response to ozone exposure in-vitro and in-vivo. (cdc.gov)
Haemophilus ducreyi-induced interleukin-10 promotes a mixed M1 and M2 activation program in human macrophages. (iu.edu)

We further use this to inform understanding of reported GWAS, for example involving FCHO1 and coronary artery disease.ConclusionThis study reports context-specific regulatory elements based on transcriptomic profiling and epigenetic signatures for enhancer-derived RNAs and chromatin accessibility in immune tolerant monocyte states, and demonstrates the informativeness of linking such elements and eQTL to inform future mechanistic studies aimed at defining therapeutic targets of immunosuppression and diseases. (ox.ac.uk)

The demonstration of T cell tolerance, particularly that mediated by the immune-suppressive functions of IL-10, led to a major conceptual change in this area. (jci.org)

The generation of suppressor T cells was another important mechanism of tolerance in the late stage. (nih.gov)

BOSTON--( BUSINESS WIRE )-- JURA Bio , a biotechnology company developing immune-based therapeutics using machine learning and synthetic biology, announced today a research collaboration with Syena, a cell therapy product company and subsidiary of Replay, a genome writing company, to develop T cell receptor (TCR) based therapies. (businesswire.com)
Robust, safe and feasible methods to assess mucosal biology in human subjects. (medscape.com)

One promising cellular therapy is the use of regulatory T cells to induce a state of donor-specific tolerance to the transplant. (lu.se)

A (p)ppGpp-null mutant of Haemophilus ducreyi is partially attenuated in humans due to multiple conflicting phenotypes. (iu.edu)

Sakaguchi, S. Regulatory T cells: key controllers of immunologic self-tolerance. (nature.com)
Hence, further illustration of the mechanism underlying the breakdown of self-tolerance and leading to the development of AIH is of great importance in the management of patients with AIH. (hindawi.com)

In humans and pigs, the cysticerci may live within the host tissue without causing inflammation or disease. (medscape.com)
At the same time, induction of immune tolerance and the clearance of neutrophils from the site of infection are essential in the control of the immune response, resolution of inflammation, and prevention of tissue destruction. (elsevierpure.com)

Anatomy37

Organisms19

Diseases19

Chemicals and Drugs83

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment42

Phenomena and Processes56

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Mechanisms19

Transplantation8

Responses19

Antigens8

Autoimmunity6

Antigen-specific4

Mice6

Suppression2

System29

Induces5

Molecular1

Monocytes2

Autoimmune diseases2

Pluripotent stem1

Allergen1

Oral tolerance1

Maternal immune1

Tissues2

Rejection3

Tregs1

Inflammatory3

Receptors2

Subsets1

Clonal1

Tolerogenic2

Autoantigens1

Vaccines1

Peripheral tolerance1

Allergy2

Islet1

Thymus1

Maturation1

Embryonic3

Reactivity1

Apoptosis1

Microbiome1

Fact that the immune1

Placenta3

Substances1

Body's1

Seen in humans1

Pregnancy3

Macrophages2

Therapeutic1

Cell tolerance1

Suppressor1

Biology2

Therapy1

Phenotypes1

Self-tolerance2

Tissue2