Human genes protein inhibitors of activated stat. Medical search. Frequent questions

STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) proteins are latent cytoplasmic transcription factors that become activated by tyrosine phosphorylation in response to cytokine stimulation. (nih.gov)
In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells, pharmacologic or genetic activation of AMPK inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1), while inhibition of AMPK had opposite effects. (diabetesjournals.org)
The metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetes, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, activate the Janus kinases/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, a major intracellular inflammatory cascade that transmits the intracellular signaling to the nucleus ( 2 ), promoting inflammatory response, inducing insulin resistance ( 3 ), and accelerating the development of cardiovascular complications ( 4 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Studies in the past decade have demonstrated the essential roles of several AJC protein, including underlying actinomyosin components, actin isoforms, and intracellular signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) transcription factors, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the maintenance and remission of IBD progression ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Upon binding to their receptors, cytokines activate JAKs which then phosphorylate the cytokine receptor, thereby creating docking sites for signaling molecules, notably, members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family that ultimately lead to gene expression. (justia.com)
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was initially showed to control acute-phase genes in response to interleukin-6 (IL-6) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) during inflammatory processes (1). (abwizbio.com)

Developing targeted therapy for cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) patients still requires actionable mutated genes and deregulated pathways to be identified. (nih.gov)
We postulate that specific immune response associated signalling, affecting gene transcription networks, may be associated with the activation of different oncogenic pathways in aggressive Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). (nih.gov)
We defined the extent to which different immune response associated pathways are responsible for differences in gene expression which distinguish individual DLBCL cases. (nih.gov)
1. Role of the cytokine-signal transduction pathways and epigenetic gene silencing in pathogenesis of T-cell lymphoma. (upenn.edu)
They indicate that pathways involving STAT3, PI3K/AKT and, apparently, STAT5 are constitutively activated by this kinase. (upenn.edu)
FLT3 ITD constitutively activates a signaling network, including the RAS- and STAT-signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Leptin-activated leptin receptor (LepRb) signals in hypothalamus via several pathways, in which JAK2-STAT3 pathway, the most extensively investigated one, is considered to mediate the major action of leptin in energy regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Through network analysis of the compound-target pathway, we identified hub molecular targets within these pathways including carbonic anhydrase II (CA2), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPAR γ ), retinoid X receptor α (RXRA), and vitamin D receptor (VDR). (hindawi.com)
Jak-STAT pathways and transcriptional activation in response to IFNs and other extracellular signaling proteins. (innspub.net)
Subsequently, an understanding of compensatory pathways to activate IFN-γ signaling in most cancers cells is clinically necessary for the success of immunotherapy. (aetox.com)
Like all plus-strand RNA viruses, the SARS-CoV-2 replication process within cells requires de novo production of viral RNA species, including single-strand (ss)RNA and double-strand (ds)RNA that can be sensed by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) subsequently activating antiviral pathways 7 . (nature.com)
Activation of various innate immune signaling pathways ( TLR3 , TLR4 , TLR7 , TLR8 , TLR9 , cGAS , RIG-I , MDA-5 ) leads to the rapid induction of type I IFNs due to their (mostly) intronless gene structure. (wikidoc.org)
[7] [8] Upon binding of type I interferons, IFNAR activates the JAK-STAT signalling pathway , along with MAPK , PI3K , and Akt signaling pathways. (wikidoc.org)
In vitro studies of monocytes/macrophages indicate that gamma interferon is an important regulator of 1α-hydroxylase but only when other key signaling pathways are also activated (eg, JAK-STAT and MAP-Kinase). (medscape.com)
Unsensitized animals challenged with TMA exhibited also an increased number of macrophages in BAL, but gene expression in the above-mentioned gene pathways was unchanged or down-regulated. (cdc.gov)
Many genes involved in metabolic pathways have been found to contribute to lipid level variability [ 14 , 26 , 27 ]. (cdc.gov)

These results identify PIAS1 as a specific inhibitor of Stat1-mediated gene activation and suggest that there may exist a specific PIAS inhibitor in every STAT signaling pathway. (nih.gov)
Additionally, PIAS proteins are important transcriptional co-regulators of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
METHODS: This study utilized in vitro co-immunoprecipitation with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against protein inhibitors of STAT system type 1 (PIAS1) or SMAD4 in transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-ß) signaling pathway in combination with SUMOylation assay. (bvsalud.org)
Protein inhibitors of activated STAT (PIAS) are involved in the regulation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and have interactions with NF-κB, p73 and p53. (sharif.edu)
IL-6 signals via binding to either the membrane bound IL-6Rα (classic signaling) or soluble (s)IL-6Ra (trans-signaling) that then form a complex with gp130 to activate the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. (jneurosci.org)
While the JAK-STAT pathway is indispensable for normal cellular functions, it was also discovered that abnormal activation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway significantly contributes to the formation and progression of many human carcinomas. (innspub.net)

Using chemical inhibitors for selected kinases we show that mitogen activated protein kinase- and phosphoinositide 3 kinase-signalling are dominantly involved in regulating genes included in the αIgM gene module. (nih.gov)
Mechanistically, we found that AMPK activation increased, whereas AMPK inhibition decreased, the levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), an inducible nuclear phosphatase, by regulating proteasome-dependent degradation of MKP-1. (diabetesjournals.org)

Biochemical and genetic analysis has demonstrated that Stat1 is essential for gene activation in response to interferon stimulation. (nih.gov)
PIAS1, but not other PIAS proteins, blocked the DNA binding activity of Stat1 and inhibited Stat1-mediated gene activation in response to interferon. (nih.gov)
PIAS proteins were named based on their ability to inhibit STAT. For example, PIAS1 inhibited STAT1, and PIAS3 inhibited STAT3. (wikipedia.org)
The expression levels of mmu_circ_0000037, microRNA (miR)-92a-3p, and protein inhibitor of activated STAT1 (Pias1) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. (bvsalud.org)
phosphorylation of STAT1: this peptide inhibited proliferation of prostate cancer cell lines, in which STAT3 is constitutively activated. (micrornaarray.com)
Deletion of AMPKα1 or AMPKα2 resulted in activation of STAT1 and in increases in proinflammatory mediators, both of which were attenuated by administration of STAT1 small interfering RNA or fludarabine, a selective STAT1 inhibitor. (diabetesjournals.org)
Gene silencing of MKP-1 increased STAT1 phosphorylation and prevented 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxyamide ribonucleoside-reduced STAT1 phosphorylation. (diabetesjournals.org)

selelck kinase inhibitor AZD1480 treatment induced regression of TPC one shSTAT3 tumors. (micrornaarray.com)
Whereas the standard immunosuppressive agents foster development of PTLDs, the impact of novel immunosuppressive agents from the group of selective inhibitors of TOR serine/treonine kinase such as rapamycin and its derivatives including RAD remains undetermined. (upenn.edu)
Expression of ALK in malignant T cells is typically due to the t(2;5) translocation resulting in formation of the fusion gene which encodes a 80-kDa hybrid protein that contains portion of the nuclear protein nucleophosmin (NPM) joined to the entire cytoplasmic portion of the receptor tyrosine kinase ALK. (upenn.edu)
The NPM/ALK kinase is constitutively activated and highly oncogenic. (upenn.edu)
In contrast, classical immune (type I/ II) cytokine receptors do not have intrinsic protein kinase activity but associate with the Janus family of kinases (JAKs). (openrheumatologyjournal.com)
The Parkinson's disease genes pink1 and parkin , which encode a mitochondrially targeted protein kinase, and an E3 ubiquitin ligase, respectively, participate in a key mitochondrial quality-control pathway that eliminates damaged mitochondria. (sdbonline.org)
FLT3 ITD /NFATC1-AML is re-transplantable in secondary recipients and shows primary resistance to the FLT3 ITD -kinase inhibitor quizartinib. (biomedcentral.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
Also provided are methods of treatment as Janus Kinase inhibitors and pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention and combinations thereof with other therapeutic agents. (justia.com)
HER-targeted tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. (innspub.net)

Their research confirmed that IL-21 activates STAT3, a protein that then connects with the promoter region of the gene encoding the T cell stimulatory protein CD28, firing up CD28. (newswise.com)
With vorinostat relaxing the chromatin, IL-21-generated STAT3 activated CD28, resulting in expansion of T cells bearing the markers for central memory T cells. (newswise.com)
AZD1480 mediated development inhibition is independent of STAT3 JAKs would be the principal mediators of IL 6/gp130/STAT3 signaling and, in a number of cancer versions, JAK inhibitors anti tumorigenic results are mediated by STAT3. (micrornaarray.com)
So as to determine regardless of whether STAT3 was required for JAK inhibitor mediated growth arrest, we stably reduced STAT3 in TPC 1 cells utilizing a brief hairpin, as determined by western blot and immunohistochemistry. (micrornaarray.com)
Offered the major development suppressive actions on the JAK inhibitor on the oncogenic RET transformed TPC 1 xenograft independently of STAT3, we hypothesized that AZD1480 might possess a direct impact on RET mediated signaling. (micrornaarray.com)
Synthetic peptide, corresponding to amino acids 680-720 of Human Stat3. (thermofisher.com)
STAT3 belongs to the family of STAT (signal transducers and activators of transcription) proteins which are phosphorylated by receptor associated kinases, translocate to the nucleus, and act as transcription factors in response to cytokines and growth factors. (thermofisher.com)
Coactivators such as CREB-binding protein are required for the transcriptional activation by STAT3. (thermofisher.com)
STAT3 can also be activated by Interferon-alpha, Interferon-gamma, EGF, PDGF and IL6. (thermofisher.com)
In humans, the STAT3 gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 17. (thermofisher.com)
STAT3 has been shown to be activated by IFN-alpha but not IFN-beta. (thermofisher.com)
The transcription factors associated with STAT3 are c-Jun and cyclic AMP-responsive enhancer binding protein (CREB). (thermofisher.com)
STAT3 mediates the expression of a variety of genes in response to cell stimuli, and thus plays a key role in many cellular processes such as cell growth and apoptosis. (thermofisher.com)
The small GTPase Rac1 has been shown to bind and regulate the activity of STAT3 while the PIAS3 protein is a specific inhibitor of STAT3. (thermofisher.com)
Deletion of the STAT3 gene in knock-out mice was lethal at the early embryonic stage. (thermofisher.com)
Regulation and function of STAT3 in the ALK+ T-cells and testing an ALK-inhibitor small molecule candidate are the main focus of the ongoing investigation. (upenn.edu)
Phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), as a transcription factor, binds to and regulates its target gene such as POMC gene, playing the physiological function of leptin. (biomedcentral.com)
Regarding POMC gene in hypothalamus however little is known about the detail of its interaction with STAT3. (biomedcentral.com)
Effect of the STAT3 inhibitor STX-0119 on the proliferation of cancer stem-like cells derived from recurrent glioblastoma. (innspub.net)
STAT3 belongs to the STAT family of cytoplasmic transcription factors that induces cell membrane-mediated nuclear signal transduction in various cellular activities (2). (abwizbio.com)
Upon cytokine and growth factor stimulation STAT3, a transcription factor, is activated. (abwizbio.com)
Upon phosphorylation, STAT3 proteins dimerize and translocate to the nucleus where they bind to promoter elements of target genes and modulate their transcription (4). (abwizbio.com)

Treatment of CTCL cells with INCB018424 resulted in dose-dependent reduction of activated STAT expression, diminished cell viability, and increased apoptosis. (nih.gov)
We showed that overexpression of SOCS1 can induce apoptosis of leukemic cells constitutively expressing activated JAK2. (micrornaarray.com)
In preparation to apply various toxicants to the developed in vitro human neuronal stem cells, the team has characterized a number of PCB's and PAH compounds for their ability to (a) induce various signal transduction mechanisms and (b) inhibit gap junctional intercellular communication regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. (nih.gov)
The dowstrean targets include cell cycle regulatory genes such as fos , cyclin D , c-Myc , pim1 and anti-apoptotic genes such as B-cell CLL/Lymphoma-2 ( Bcl-2 ), Bcl-xL , survivin and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein ( XIAP ) (6). (abwizbio.com)

OGT transfers O-GlcNAc moieties from UDP-GlcNAc to serine and threonine residues of proteins and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) catalyzes the opposite reaction to remove O-GlcNAc. (nature.com)
NFATs are a family of TFs that are physiologically activated by the calcium-activated serine/threonine phosphatase calcineurin, which dephosphorylates NFAT, thereby leading to their nuclear translocation and target gene regulation [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Protein kinases are families of enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of specific residues in proteins, broadly classified into tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases. (justia.com)

Therefore, in this study we focused on studying the mutational status of JAK1, JAK2 and JAK3 genes in a series of human CTCL lesions and cell lines using next-generation sequencing (NGS). (nih.gov)
Activation of STAT5 alpha in myeloma and lymphoma associated with a TEL/JAK2 gene fusion is independent of cell stimulus and has been shown to be essential for the tumorigenesis. (thermofisher.com)
In particular, the JAK family of cellular protein tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2) play a central role in cytokine signaling (Kisseleva et al. (justia.com)
2004. Characterization of a peptide inhibitor of JAK2 that mimics SOCS-1 function. (innspub.net)

The transcription factors STAT, NF-κB, p73, and p53 are among the many proteins that PIAS interacts with. (wikipedia.org)
Drugs called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors protect the acetyl group connection and allow transcription factors to connect with genes' promoter regions to activate them. (newswise.com)
15 The dynamic addition and removal of O-GlcNAc has been described for multiple cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins and it affects the function of various signaling molecules and transcription factors. (nature.com)
Formation of the cytokine receptor / JAK signaling complex and activation of JAK kinases leads to the phosphorylation of receptor chains, which creates docking sites for STAT ( S ignal T ransducers and A ctivators of T ranscription) transcription factors. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)
STAT5 alpha is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. (thermofisher.com)
Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
The identified transcription factors influence both the global and specific gene expression of the BCLs and have possible implications for diagnosis and treat- ment. (lu.se)

PIAS proteins act as transcriptional co-regulators with at least 60 different proteins in order to either activate or repress transcription. (wikipedia.org)
These functions include acting as E3 SUMO-protein ligases during SUMOylation, which is an important process in transcriptional regulation. (wikipedia.org)
Homologues of PIAS proteins have been found in other eukaryotes, and several are listed below: Zimp/dPIAS in Drosophila melanogaster zfPIAS4a in zebrafish SIZ1 and SIZ2 in yeast PIAS proteins contribute to the control of gene expression, and may be considered transcriptional co-regulators. (wikipedia.org)
One function of PIAS proteins is to relocate transcriptional regulators to different compartments within the nucleus of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
[2] IFNAR agonism results in transcriptional changes, with the potential to increase or suppress the transcription of over 2000 different genes. (wikidoc.org)

Every one of these studies are encouraging for your clinical application of novel therapeutic approaches to mimic or modulate expression and function of SOCS proteins. (micrornaarray.com)
RNA-Binding proteins in cancer: Functional and therapeutic perspectives. (banglajol.info)
Small molecule Jak inhibitors as therapeutic agents have become a reality and the palette of such inhibitors will likely expand. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)
Thus, protein kinases have emerged as an important class of enzymes as targets for therapeutic intervention. (justia.com)
JAK-STAT signaling mechanisms during pathogenesis and cancer development are continually being explored for potential therapeutic benefit. (innspub.net)
Given its reported efficacy in both types of hemophilia without inhibitors, concizumab is evolving as an attractive therapeutic for all patients with hemophilia. (cdc.gov)

Tyrosine phosphorylated STATs dimerize and translocate into the nucleus to activate specific genes. (nih.gov)
In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. (taueret.com)
Upon cytokine activation receptor chain- bound STATs are then phosphorylated on the tyrosine residues, which results in dimerisation of STAT proteins that translocate to the nucleus and activate gene transcription. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)

PIAS protein's interaction with STAT signaling requires tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT proteins. (wikipedia.org)

The seven proteins that belong to the mammalian PIAS family are encoded by four genes: PIAS1, PIAS2 (PIASx), PIAS3, and PIAS4 (PIASy). (wikipedia.org)
Apart from PIAS1, each gene encodes two protein isoforms. (wikipedia.org)
PIAS1 is the only gene of this family that does not encode any isoforms. (wikipedia.org)
PIAS1, PIAS3, and PIAS4 have been shown to recruit proteins to the site of the damage and promote repair. (wikipedia.org)
RESULTS: We successfully demonstrated that PIAS1 enhanced SUMOylation of SMAD4 by forming a complex PIAS1-SUMO1-SMAD4 protein complex. (bvsalud.org)
Meanwhile, the methylation levels of CpG3, CpG5, CpG8, and CpG15 in the promoter region of the FHIT and PIAS1 genes in the mastitis group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group (p (bvsalud.org)
RT-qPCR showed that the expression levels of the FHIT and PIAS1 genes were significantly higher in the healthy group than those in the mastitis group (p (bvsalud.org)

Different members of the STAT protein family have distinct functions in cytokine signaling. (nih.gov)
109 Downregulation of SOCS gene expression by siRNA or through the expression of dominant adverse SOCS proteins to enhance cytokine signaling may be helpful for enhancing anti tumor immunity. (micrornaarray.com)
We found that cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells display activation of the interleukin-2 receptor/cytokine common chain-associated Jak/STAT signal transduction pathway that is transient in the early stage of the lymphoma and constitutive in the late stage of the disease progression. (upenn.edu)
Gene expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion were assessed by real-time PCR and multiplex assay, respectively. (karger.com)
Substrate recognition by either RNA or DNA sensors leads to signaling cascades that activate two major branches of the innate immune response, the type I/III IFN response and the inflammatory cytokine response (reviewed in ref. 11 ). (nature.com)

This protein is activated through phosphorylation in response to various cytokines and growth factors including IFNs, EGF, IL5, IL6, HGF, LIF and BMP2. (taueret.com)
instead cytokines function through binding to a cognate receptor proteins, which trigger phosphorylation and activation of intracellular signaling proteins. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)
Following exposure to pathogens, the innate immune cells of gastrointestinal mucosa release pro-inflammatory cytokines and activate an adaptive immune response to aggravating inflammation in the intestine ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Numerous cytokines are known to activate the JAK family. (justia.com)
Diazinon immunotoxicity in mice: Modulation of cytokines level and their gene expression. (cdc.gov)

There is increasing evidence that activating mutations in JAK genes and deregulated JAK/STAT signaling are important mechanisms involved in multiple B and T cell malignancies, including CTCL. (nih.gov)
We found that 7 of 48 (14.7%) of the analyzed cases harbored mutations in the JAK1 and JAK3 genes that mainly affected the pseudokinase domain of the corresponding proteins. (nih.gov)
Thus, our results show that the detection of deregulated JAK/STAT signaling in CTCL lesions via JAK mutations or other surrogate markers may serve to indicate the clinical use of JAK/STAT inhibitors. (nih.gov)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
In the fight against cancers, activating mutations in the RAS family of genes stand in the way of finding viable treatment options. (missouri.edu)
Chabu, who has been studying oncogenic RAS mutations for more than a decade, said their findings suggest that adding JAK/STAT inhibitors to genotoxic therapies will limit the ability of RAS tumors to regrow. (missouri.edu)
While scientists have been studying mutations in RAS genes for more than three decades, scientists today have a better understanding of how these mutant genes work. (missouri.edu)
Mutations in the autosomal dominant BRCA gene are associated with a 50 to 85% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer. (msdmanuals.com)

Human IgG antibody Laboratories manufactures the dna stat in texas reagents distributed by Genprice. (cd-34.com)
This antibody recognizes the STAT5a protein from a variety of species including human, mouse, and rat and it reacts specifically with the STAT5a protein and does not exhibit any cross-reactivity with the highly related STAT5b protein. (thermofisher.com)
From the abstract: 'Concizumab is an anti-tissue factor pathway inhibitor monoclonal antibody designed to achieve hemostasis in all hemophilia types, with subcutaneous administration. (cdc.gov)

We focused on oncogenic RAS because it is associated with cancers relapse and resistance to genotoxic therapies in humans. (missouri.edu)
We found that in oncogenic RAS tissues, cells elevate the levels of the p53 protein to varying degrees in response to DNA damage," said Chabu, whose appointment is in the Division of Biological Sciences. (missouri.edu)
The study, "Cooperation between oncogenic RAS and wild-type p53 stimulates STAT non-cell autonomously to promote tumor radioresistance," was published in Communications Biology , a journal published by Nature Research. (missouri.edu)
Cooperation between oncogenic Ras and wild-type p53 stimulates STAT non-cell autonomously to promote tumor radioresistance. (missouri.edu)

Leptin is a peptide hormone (16-kDa) encoded by the obese ( ob ) gene. (biomedcentral.com)
A peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of murine Stat5a coupled to a protein carrier. (thermofisher.com)

Aberrant cell signaling and epigenetic regulation of gene expression in human lymphomas. (upenn.edu)
We demonstrated down-regulation of all PIAS genes in both AIDP and CIDP cases compared with controls. (sharif.edu)
2012. SOCS negative regulation of the JAK-STAT pathway. (innspub.net)
Whole genome analysis of lung, sampled 24 hours after challenge, showed expression changes of not only genes belonging to several Gene Ontology groups with up-regulation of inflammatory-associated genes and those associated with lung remodeling but also genes involved in downsizing these processes. (cdc.gov)

2004. Stat5a is tyrosine phosphorylated and nuclear localized in a high proportion of human breast cancers. (innspub.net)

The team treated human T cell lines with the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat and IL-21. (newswise.com)
A second round of experiments using the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat, which is less toxic to T cells than vorinostat, produced even stronger central memory T cell expansion. (newswise.com)

We also studied global changes in gene expression in cells with mutated JAK1 and JAK3 proteins treated with INCB018424 and identified multiple genes that were differentially regulated by JAK/STAT signaling, such as FGF20 (upregulated) and EGR1 (downregulated). (nih.gov)

Accordingly, the present invention provides novel JAK inhibitors which are both potent JAK inhibitors, and in particular TYK2/JAK1 inhibitors, but also display high clearance in human hepatocytes, thus affording significantly improved systemic clearance, and thereby reducing the risk of adverse side effects upon topical administration while retaining efficacy in the skin. (justia.com)

Although progress has been made toward understanding STAT activation, little is known about how STAT signals are down-regulated. (nih.gov)
The changes in gene expression following the activation of Jak/STAT, NF-кB, MAPK, Ca2+ and PI3K signalling triggered by these stimuli was assessed using microarray analysis. (nih.gov)
DLBCLs with high module activation show strong expression of genes involved in cell-cell communication, immune responses or negative feedback loops. (nih.gov)
More recently we determined that the constitutive Jak/STAT activation is due, at least in part, to the lack of expression of SHP-1 phosphatase, which normally down-regulates IL-2R/ c-mediated cell activating signals. (upenn.edu)
Kiyoi H, Towatari M, Yokota S, Hamaguchi M, Ohno R, Saito H, Naoe T. Internal tandem duplication of the FLT3 gene is a novel modality of elongation mutation which causes constitutive activation of the product. (banglajol.info)
Since the discovery of the JAK-STAT pathway over two decades ago, research investigations have clearly demonstrated that the JAK-STAT pathway plays a major role in many biological processes including proliferation, immunity, cellular activation, and differentiation to name just a few. (innspub.net)
In addition ot Tyr705 phosphorylation, Ser727 is required for maximal activation although Tyr705 phopsohrylation plays a key activating role (7,8). (abwizbio.com)

MiRNA usually binds directly to the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target gene mRNA through the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) [ 15 , 16 ]. (ersjournals.com)

This "closed" chromatin status covers the promoter regions on CD28 that STAT hits to activate it. (newswise.com)
Correlation analysis showed that the promoter methylation level of the FHIT gene was negatively correlated with its expression. (bvsalud.org)
Hence, increased methylation in the promoter of the FHIT gene reduces the mastitis resistance in Xinjiang brown cattle. (bvsalud.org)

The binding of a growth factor brings the multiple monomeric receptor chains into close proximity resulting into the trans-phosphorylation of their cytoplamic domains, which consequently activates downstream signaling cascades. (openrheumatologyjournal.com)

Western blot analysis of STAT5 alpha was performed by loading 20 µg of NIH/3T3 (lane1), A431 (lane2), K562 (lane3) and Ramos (lane4) cell lysate using Novex® NuPAGE® 4-12 % Bis-Tris gel (Product # NP0321BOX), XCell SureLock™ Electrophoresis System (Product # EI0002), Novex® Sharp Pre-Stained Protein Standard (LC5800), and iBlot® Dry Blotting System (IB21001). (thermofisher.com)
The mouse counterpart of STAT5 alpha is found to induce the expression of BCL2L1/BCL-X(L), which suggests the antiapoptotic function of this protein in cells. (thermofisher.com)
The amino acid sequences of STAT5 alpha and STAT5 beta show 96% sequence similarity, and both proteins are co expressed in most tissues in virgin and lactating mice. (thermofisher.com)

Also, this examine raised the chance that little molecule inhibitors of JAK STAT can be therapeu tic for IL 6 creating tumors. (micrornaarray.com)
Moreover, cGAS is an important molecule for regulating basal expression levels of cell-intrinsic immune genes in cells and is, therefore, a central protein in immune responses to virus infection 10 . (nature.com)

Due to alternative splicing, some PIAS protein-encoding genes encode multiple protein products called isoforms. (wikipedia.org)
Cross-reactivity with other endogenous STAT isoforms has not been observed. (thermofisher.com)

The process is activated and deactivated by inflammatory processes such as activating signals i.e., cytokinesis and TNF-α are deactivated by removing mediators and inflammatory effector cells. (encyclopedia.pub)

In late 2019 SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a highly infectious coronavirus that causes respiratory disease in humans, termed COVID-19. (nature.com)

Different responses, e.g. antiviral versus antiproliferative responses, to type I IFNs subtypes have been studied and proximal signaling, such as STAT phosphorylation, does not appear to correlate with the outcome. (wikidoc.org)

9 SOCS1 overexpression inhibits in vitro and in vivo growth of human melanoma cells, and SOCS1 associates especially with Cdh1, triggering its deg radation through the proteasome. (micrornaarray.com)
Melanoma is the deadliest type of human skin cancer. (sharif.edu)

[3] [4] The regulatory elements upstream of type I IFN genes differ, allowing differential transcription of type I IFNs in response to stimuli. (wikidoc.org)
[9] For example, type I IFNs induce interferon-stimulated gene ( ISG ) expression, classically resulting in a robust anti-viral immune response. (wikidoc.org)

αIgM stimulation led to the largest number of changes in gene expression, affecting overall 6596 genes. (nih.gov)

Interestingly, genes associated with a Burkitt-like phenotype, such as MYC, BCL6 or LEF1, were affected by αIgM. (nih.gov)
exactly, distribution likelihood helps Interestingly Often viral and proteins assume longitudinal to be been in life structure. (scoutconnection.com)

Protein inhibitor of activated STAT (PIAS), also known as E3 SUMO-protein ligase PIAS, is a protein that regulates transcription in mammals. (wikipedia.org)

Mechanism exploitation of energy homeostasis is urgently required because of the worldwide prevailing of obesity-related metabolic disorders in human being. (biomedcentral.com)
The ability to store large quantities of energy against the food deprivation is on one hand crucial for survival, but on the other hand potential for the occurrence of metabolic problems in human beings because of food over-consumption and/or lack of physical movement in modern life. (biomedcentral.com)

Importantly, anti-cancer effects of Lycorine were dependent on STAT expression. (oncotarget.com)

The three-dimensional protein structures of PIAS2, PIAS3, and SIZ1 have only recently been solved. (wikipedia.org)
The three-dimensional protein structures of PIAS2, PIAS3, and PIAS-like protein SIZ1 were recently solved using X-ray crystallography. (wikipedia.org)
PIAS3 protein is a specific inhibitor of this protein. (taueret.com)

Selective permeability of IECs is achieved by apical junctional complex (AJC) proteins which comprise tight junctions, adherens junctions, and desmosomes to maintain the apicobasal cell polarity and intestinal tissue integrity ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)

He said another interesting aspect of their findings is that p53 is traditionally considered as a tumor suppressor protein. (missouri.edu)

Interleukin 10 helps in the deactivation of activated macrophages [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Innate immunity in gastrointestinal system includes epithelial cell layers that express tight cell-cell contact, secreted mucous layer which prevent entry of microbes, protective plasma protein, and circulating leukocytes, such as phagocytic macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells (DC), natural killer (NK) cells, NK T-cell, and innate lymphoid cells. (frontiersin.org)
In granulomatous disease such as lymphoproliferative disorders, sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, 1α-hydroxylase enzyme activity was found in macrophages as the extrarenal source of 1,25(OH) 2 D. When 1α-hydroxylase is activated, it converts 25(OH)D to 1,25(OH) 2 D, just as what occurs under physiologic conditions in the kidneys. (medscape.com)

Clinical trials will be required to advance his team's findings in human T cell lines. (newswise.com)
On the basis of these results, we used a specific JAK inhibitor (INCB018424) in a series of CTCL cell lines with deregulated JAK/STAT activity. (nih.gov)
The B cell receptor (BCR), CD40, B-cell activating factor (BAFF)-receptors and Interleukin (IL) 21 receptor and Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) were stimulated in human transformed germinal centre B cells by treatment with anti IgM F(ab)2-fragments, CD40L, BAFF, IL21 and LPS respectively. (nih.gov)
The Technological Awareness reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (taueret.com)
These findings indicate that TOR inhibitors such as RAD may be effective in prevention and treatment of PTLDs and, possibly, other types of B-cell lymphoma. (upenn.edu)
The molecular mechanism of this TOR inhibitor-mediated cell growth suppression is currently under investigation. (upenn.edu)
The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
Pure T-cell deficiencies are caused by defects in either a CD3 subunit (such as CD3 δ, CD3 ζ, CD3 ε ) or in CD45 tyrosine phosphatase, key proteins involved in pre-TCR and/or TCR signaling at the positive selection stage. (medscape.com)
Reactivity has been confirmed by western blotting using cell lysates derived from human A431 cells (+/- EGF treatment), NIH 3T3 cells, MCF-7 cells, and HeLa cells. (thermofisher.com)
This protocol describes the usage of mixed cell floor and intranuclear staining with fluorescent antibodies to measure IRF4 protein expression inside myeloma and regular immune cells. (aetox.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms13

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs95

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science23

Health Care2

Activator of transcription6

Pathways16

Signaling pathway6

Mitogen activa2

STAT17

Kinase11

STAT322

Apoptosis4

Serine3

JAK24

Transcription factors7

Transcriptional5

Therapeutic6

Translocate3

Tyrosine phosphorylation1

PIAS17

Cytokine5

Cytokines5

Mutations8

Antibody3

Oncogenic4

Peptide2

Regulation4

Cancers1

HDAC2

JAK31

JAK11

Activation7

Binds1

Promoter3

Cascades1

STAT53

Molecule2

Isoforms2

Signals1

Respiratory1

Antiviral1

Melanoma2

IFNs2

Changes in gene expression1

Interestingly2

Regulates1

Metabolic2

Importantly1

PIAS33

Selective1

Tumor suppressor1

Macrophages3

Cell10