Human expression phenotype. Medical search. Frequent questions

We found a significantly lower expression of key autophagy- (ATG-) related genes in primary AML as compared to healthy granulocytes, an increased autophagic activity during all- trans retinoic acid- (ATRA-) induced neutrophil differentiation, and an impaired AML differentiation upon inhibition of ATG3, ATG4D, and ATG5. (hindawi.com)
This study assessed the abundance and expression of Stx genes and the expression of host immune genes, aiming to determine factors affecting these measures and potential gene markers to differentiate Stx gene expression in the recto-anal junction of feedlot beef cattle. (frontiersin.org)
Additionally, the identified relationship between expressions of host immune genes and stx2 suggests that the host animal may regulate stx2 expression in colonizing STEC through immune functions. (frontiersin.org)
We observed a downregulation in the expression of genes involved in host response, such as TNF signaling, IL-1β production, and phagosome formation in Mφ, and phosphatidylinositol signaling and TNF signaling in PMNs, being in line with the ability of the pathogen to survive within phagocytes. (frontiersin.org)
For genes encoding the disrupted interactions, we evaluate their expression patterns across developing brains and within specific cell types, using both bulk and inferred cell-type-specific brain transcriptomes. (springer.com)
Finally, we integrate protein interactions and cell-type-specific co-expression networks together with published association data to implicate novel genes in ASD risk in a cell-type-specific manner. (springer.com)
Using inferred gene co-expression for three neuronal cell types-excitatory, inhibitory, and neural progenitor-we implicate several hundred genes in risk (FDR \(\le \hspace{0.17em}\) 0.05), ~ 60% novel, with characteristics of genuine ASD genes. (springer.com)
Using the newly released and larger ASC dataset, we confirm these observations and take them in several new directions: (1) By defining a set of genes encoding these disrupted protein interactors in ASD subjects and another for their siblings, we evaluate their expression patterns in developing brain from fetal to early postnatal development and within general cell types of brain tissue. (springer.com)
Consistent with previous long noncoding RNA studies, these lncRNAs overall have fewer exons, are shorter in length than protein-coding genes (pcGenes), and have relatively low expression level. (stanford.edu)
Atherosclerotic plaques consist mostly of smooth muscle cells (SMC), and genes that influence SMC phenotype can modulate coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. (stanford.edu)
Recent genetic studies have identified hundreds of susceptibility genes for common human diseases but genetic effects are small and identifying underlying mechanisms remains challenging. (europa.eu)
Genes will be prioritised for study by statistical and informatic analyses using our extensive physiological, gene expression and linkage data in these rat strains, and by comparative analysis with data from human genome-wide association studies. (europa.eu)
Confirmed rat disease genes will be tested for conserved functions in humans. (europa.eu)
Second, the expression of genes is regulated via multiple interacting mechanisms. (humankinetics.com)
RNA sequencing of microglia in the double heterozygous mice revealed elevated expression of 40 genes involved in innate immunity, including cytokines and chemokines. (alzforum.org)
however, because DEGs from the expression dataset may not be functional genes per se but dysregulated genes perturbed by bona fide functional genes. (molcells.org)
To overcome this shortcoming, we developed network-based GSEA (NGSEA), which measures the enrichment score of functional gene sets using the expression difference of not only individual genes but also their neighbors in the functional network. (molcells.org)
Based on differentially expressed genes, possible mechanisms of SWCNT-associated apoptosis resistance and oncogenesis were identified, which included activation of pAkt/p53/Bcl-2 signaling axis, increased gene expression of Ras family for cell cycle control, Dsh-mediated Notch 1, and downregulation of apoptotic genes BAX and Noxa. (cdc.gov)
Total RNA from tumors the expression of thousands of genes (3) to address complex questions was isolated using two successive rounds of Trizol. (lu.se)
The distinction in significant genes between total lifetime CAPS score and the anxious arousal symptom dimension of PTSD highlights a potential biological difference in the mechanism underlying the heterogeneity of the PTSD phenotype. (cdc.gov)

Wilhelm Johannsen proposed the genotype-phenotype distinction in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism's hereditary material and what that hereditary material produces. (wikipedia.org)
In 2009, a research team demonstrated the feasibility of identifying genotype-phenotype associations using electronic health records (EHRs) linked to DNA biobanks. (wikipedia.org)
Limited information on phenotypes attributable to RAD21 variants and genotype-phenotype relationships is currently published. (springer.com)
Variants were frequently familial, and genotype-phenotype analyses demonstrated striking interfamilial and intrafamilial variability. (springer.com)
The enormous variants and mutations found mean that we are still far from being able to concretely clarify a genotype-phenotype relationship. (bvsalud.org)

In genetics, the phenotype (from Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō) 'to appear, show', and τύπος (túpos) 'mark, type') is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
We work in the interface between human genetics, bioinformatics, and hematology/immunology. (lu.se)
Both genetics and environmental factors influence the expression of asthma, and not all asthma is the result of a specific immune response to allergen. (cdc.gov)
For example, the UK Biobank , a leading cohort study of half a million persons, has collected genomic, clinical and risk factor information and has contributed to numerous discoveries in human genetics. (cdc.gov)

Another team of researchers characterize "the human phenome [as] a multidimensional search space with several neurobiological levels, spanning the proteome, cellular systems (e.g., signaling pathways), neural systems and cognitive and behavioural phenotypes. (wikipedia.org)
Changing of external physical parameters such as high temperature or osmotic stress elicit immediate activation of signaling pathways leading to changes of enzyme activities and also large scale changes of gene expression patterns. (boku.ac.at)
We illustrated for the first time in a human model the three main stages of osteogenic development, and we could show the diverse regulation of the SMAD pathways by TGF-β2 and BMPs. (biomedcentral.com)

Multiple studies have successfully used this method to analyze different types of high-dimensional data, such as tumor mRNA expression data 28 , and single-cell data 29 , 30 . (nature.com)
Here, we analyzed the mRNA expression signature of a constitutively active C-terminal mutant of c-Src, c-Src(mt), in comparison with its wild-type protein, c-Src(wt), in the human non-transformed breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A. (nih.gov)
The mRNA expression profile of c-Src(mt)-expressing cells shows significant overlap with that of various primary human tumor samples, possibly reflecting elevated Src activity in some cancerous cells. (nih.gov)

Despite their commonness in humans, determining which missense variants affect phenotypes and how remains a challenge. (springer.com)
These sequence variants, along with variants controlling dysregulated gene expression that we characterised previously, most likely include the major determinants of SHR cardiovascular and metabolic disease phenotypes. (europa.eu)
Even though more than 100 million DNA variants have been identified, human beings share a genomic sequence, which is more than 99% identical. (humankinetics.com)
Their phenotype is an attenuated CdLS phenotype compared to that caused by variants in NIPBL or SMC1A for facial morphology, limb anomalies, and especially for cognition and behavior. (springer.com)
In the 20 individuals with limited clinical information, additional phenotypes include Mungan syndrome (in patients with biallelic variants) and holoprosencephaly, with or without CdLS characteristics. (springer.com)
Studies of 910 individuals of African descent showed that at least 300 million DNA variants (10%) are not represented in the human reference genome. (cdc.gov)
As a result of thousands of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we know now that common sequence variants contribute to complex human health phenotypes (e.g., blood pressure and lipid levels), and common diseases (e.g. cancer and heart disease). (cdc.gov)

Longitudinal multi-omics measurements are highly valuable in studying heterogeneity in health and disease phenotypes. (nature.com)

Conclusions Our data substantially expand the range of dysfunctional oocyte phenotypes incurred by mutation in TUBB8 , underscore the independent nature of human oocyte meiosis and differentiation, extend the class of genetic diseases known as the tubulinopathies and provide new criteria for the qualitative evaluation of meiosis II (MII) oocytes for in vitro fertilization (IVF). (bmj.com)
Briefly, the authors find that a SNP in the promoter of the Duffy locus (recall that a mutation that abolishes the expression of Duffy in humans leads to protection from Plasmodium vivax and is one of the best characterized instances of recent positive selection in our species) appears to lead to protection from a malaria-like disease in baboons. (gnxp.com)
Given that the average onset of ALS/FTD is around 60 years of age, the researchers proposed that age-related loss of TAK1 expression, in combination with a mutation in TBK1, might unfetter RIPK1 and lead to neurotoxicty. (alzforum.org)

We correlated the changes in the expressions of ARs and GRKs with clinical variables such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular end-systolic and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVESD and LVEDD, respectively). (nih.gov)
RNA sequencing was performed in primary human macrophages (Mφ) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) infected with a clinical strain of Brucella spp. (frontiersin.org)
Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) is a popular tool to identify underlying biological processes in clinical samples using their gene expression phenotypes. (molcells.org)
Molecular phenotypes of clinical samples have proven useful in disease diagnosis, patient stratification, and drug discovery. (molcells.org)
Gene expression profiling is probably the most accessible strategy for molecular phenotyping of clinical samples. (molcells.org)
For clinical samples, the general purpose of gene set analysis of genome-wide expression profiles is to identify underlying disease-associated molecular processes, which can facilitate disease diagnosis and therapeutic intervention. (molcells.org)
We established a well-phenotyped sample of 371 WTC responders, recruited from a longitudinal WTC responder cohort using stratified random sampling, by obtaining blood, self-reported and clinical interview data. (cdc.gov)

Single-cell transcriptomic analyses revealed that loss of Smad3 altered SMC transition cell state toward two fates: a SMC phenotype that governs both vascular remodelling and recruitment of inflammatory cells, as well as a chondromyocyte fate. (stanford.edu)
These elements are involved in control of gene expression which governs the phenotype and also plays role in disease biology. (researchgate.net)

The objective was to describe newly discovered mutations in TUBB8 and to characterise the accompanying spectrum of phenotypes and modes of inheritance. (bmj.com)
These mutations cause a range of folding defects in vitro, different degrees of microtubule disruption upon expression in cultured cells and interfere to varying extents in the proper assembly of the meiotic spindle in mouse oocytes. (bmj.com)
Surprisingly, oocytes from patients harbouring homozygous TUBB8 mutations that in either case preclude the expression of a functional TUBB8 polypeptide nonetheless contained identifiable spindles. (bmj.com)

Alterations in the activity (expression) of the SEPTIN9 gene are associated with certain cancers. (medlineplus.gov)
Taken together, this study provides for the first time an in-depth analysis of the transcriptomic alterations that take place in human phagocytes upon infection, and in peripheral blood immune populations during active disease. (frontiersin.org)
The dynamic changes in expression of these lncRNAs correspond to alterations in transcriptional programs that are relevant to CAD, suggesting a critical role for lncRNAs in SMC phenotypic transition and human atherosclerotic disease. (stanford.edu)

Nuclear factor 1 X-type is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFIX gene. (wikipedia.org)
Downregulation of β(1)- adrenergic receptors (β(1)-ARs) and increased expression/function of G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) have been observed in human heart failure, but changes in expression of other ARs and GRKs have not been established. (nih.gov)
Deletions at the C-terminus of the proto-oncogene protein c-Src kinase are found in the viral oncogene protein v-Src as well as in some advanced human colon cancers. (nih.gov)
Genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed that c-Src(mt) de-regulated the expression levels of approximately 430 mRNAs whose gene products are mainly involved in the cellular processes of migration and adhesion, apoptosis and protein synthesis. (nih.gov)
The phenotype of iPS-HSCs, including gene and protein expression profiles and vitamin A storage, resembled that of hepatic stellate cells. (ca.gov)
Conclusions: These data show that osteomodulin mRNA and protein levels are associated with plaque calcification in human atherosclerosis. (lu.se)

We used primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples and human AML cell lines to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy and its role in AML differentiation. (hindawi.com)
We further investigate the stability of some phenotypes and we try to manipulate selected phenotypes. (boku.ac.at)
To investigate this, the researchers sifted through gene-expression data from postmortem human brain samples and found 1.33-fold less TAK1 mRNA in people older than 60 than in people younger than 40. (alzforum.org)

The functional relevance of a select few novel lncRNAs were verified in vitro.We identified 4579 known and 13 655 de novo lncRNAs in human coronary artery SMC. (stanford.edu)
These proposals provide a systematic route to elucidating the molecular and functional basis of disease phenotypes in SHR and WKY rats, and for translating these findings to advance understanding of common human diseases. (europa.eu)
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as functional regulators of gene expression in many species1,2. (nih.gov)

Allelic variation at 15q22.33 has been identified by genome-wide association studies to modify the risk of CAD and is associated with the expression of SMAD3 in SMC. (stanford.edu)
In our genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ) we combine unique sample materials with sets of advanced phenotypes. (lu.se)

Background: Smooth muscle cells (SMC) transition into a number of different phenotypes during atherosclerosis, including those that resemble fibroblasts and chondrocytes, and make up the majority of cells in the atherosclerotic plaque. (stanford.edu)

The interesting point here is that the organism isn't humans, but rather baboons, and the phenotype is susceptibility to malaria. (gnxp.com)

Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into hepatocyte lineages, although the phenotype of the differentiated cells is immature compared to adult hepatocytes. (ca.gov)

Nfix may suppress oligodendrocyte expression so cells remain committed to neuron development within the dentate gyrus. (wikipedia.org)
Fig. 6: Multiplexed CRISPR perturbations with ASAP-seq in primary human T cells. (nature.com)
High SEPT9_v1 expression in human breast cancer cells is associated with oncogenic phenotypes. (medlineplus.gov)
Repeated passage cells treated with TSA and AZA increased expression of muscarinic receptor 3, myosin light chain kinase 2, and showed an increased response to carbachol stimulation. (queensu.ca)
Compared to low passage ISMC, repeated passage cells had increased DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression. (queensu.ca)
In conclusion, we provide evidence that proinflammatory polarization of macrophages does not lead to enhanced procoagulatory function, whereas alternative polarization of macrophages leads to an increased expression of TF and increased production of TF bearing extracellular vesicles by these cells suggesting a procoagulatory phenotype of alternatively polarized macrophages. (haematologica.org)
Together, the findings reveal that Smad3 expression in SMC inhibits the emergence of specific SMC phenotypic transition cells that mediate adverse plaque features, including outward remodelling, monocyte recruitment, and vascular calcification. (stanford.edu)
During more recent years, his reseach has been conducted in the field of regenerative medicine, focussed on antigen expression and immune recognition of human embryonic stem cells and bioartificial heart valves, the latter tissues being of animal origin. (gu.se)
For example, cells rapidly adjust their gene expression program according to the internal and external environment. (boku.ac.at)
Coculture of the osteotropic PC-3M-Pro4Luc2 PCa cells with differentiated primary human osteoblasts induced CRIPTO and GRP78 expression in cancer cells and increases the size of the ALDHhigh sub-population. (eur.nl)
During neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells, CAT7 impacts expression and PcG-binding of the MNX1 locus, which encodes a master regulator of motor neuron development. (nih.gov)
One candidate, CAT7 was also knocked down in developing (motor) neural cells (grown from human embryonic stem cells). (nih.gov)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) with the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts provide potential for the development of novel treatment strategies, such as improved healing of large bone defects. (biomedcentral.com)
Cloning the AFURS1 gene which is up-regulated in senescent human parenchymal kidney cells. (nih.gov)
ImmunoCult™ Human Th1 Differentiation Supplement contains a combination of human cytokines and a blocking antibody formulated to promote the robust activation, expansion, and differentiation of peripheral blood-derived, naïve, CD4+ human T cells into Th1 cells. (stemcell.com)
LIM homeobox 2 promotes interaction between human iPS-derived hepatic progenitors and iPS-derived hepatic stellate-like cells. (ca.gov)
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a potential unlimited source of adult cell types with numerous applications in regenerative medicine. (ca.gov)
In this study, we developed a model system for improving interactions between human iPS-derived hepatic progenitor cells (iPS-HPCs) and human iPS-derived hepatic stellate cell-like cells (iPS-HSCs). (ca.gov)
Gene expression profile of human lung epithelial cells chronically exposed to single-walled carbon nanotube s. (cdc.gov)
Our previous study reported a long-term in vitro exposure model for CNT carcinogenicity and showed that 6-month sub-chronic exposure of single-walled carbon nanotube s (SWCNT) causes malignant transformation of human lung epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
In addition, the transformed cells induced tumor formation in mice and exhibited an apoptosis resistant phenotype, a key characteristic of cancer cells. (cdc.gov)
BT-474 cells, obtained expression of the receptor has important implications for their biology from American Type Culture Collection, were maintained in RPMI 1640 and therapy (1). (lu.se)
Cells which lack ER expression at diagnosis arise from an ER compart- were harvested at 60 - 80% confluency and used as a reference in all hybrid- ment within the mammary epithelium or represent evolution from an izations. (lu.se)
CD47 binding to α2β1 integrin could regulate cyclooxygenase-2 expression and cell migration on collagen I surface in intestinal epithelial cells. (lu.se)
IL-8 and LTD4 could induce CD47 expression in CRC cells. (lu.se)
The enhanced levels of MMP-7 and -9 mRNA expressions and increased cell invasion into matrigel were observed in colon cancer cells upon stimulation with TAM-conditioned medium. (lu.se)
Remarkable progress in science and technology has led to the development of powerful tools for genome sequencing and editing increasing ability to study gene expression and function at multiple levels from cells to populations. (cdc.gov)

There is need to elucidate the molecular mechanisms mediating adaptation to the environment to help us to understand why some Candida species are successful and persistent human commensals and to develop new strategies for effective antifungal therapy. (boku.ac.at)
However, aligning lncRNA-dependent phenotypes with their underlying molecular mechanisms remains challenging. (nih.gov)
Despite growing experience and knowledge concerning human MSC and their use in cell-based strategies, the molecular mechanisms that govern MSC self-renewal, expansion and multilineage differentiation are not well understood and remain an active area of investigation. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, we further examined the gene expression profile by using genome microarrays to profile molecular mechanisms of SWCNT oncogenesis. (cdc.gov)
An operational definition of asthma developed by experts logical mechanisms of different asthma phenotypes, including in the field (1) describes major attributes of the disorder. (cdc.gov)

Numerous phenotypes of asthma have inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus produc- been described, and a better understanding of the pathophysio- tion. (cdc.gov)

The altered gene expression may enhance several cancer-related events such as cell division (proliferation), cell movement, and the development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) that nourish a growing tumor. (medlineplus.gov)

We used this model system to analyze the transcriptional changes associated with an invasive cellular phenotype. (nih.gov)
Statistical tools are required to analyze the large and hybridized as described previously (3, 10, 11) and according to standard amount of expression data generated by this methodology. (lu.se)
Future studies should be clear about methods used to analyze PTSD status, as phenotypes based on PTSD symptom dimensions may yield different gene sets than combined CAPS score analysis. (cdc.gov)

Alternative polarization with interleukin-4 and IL-13 led to a macrophage phenotype characterized by increased tissue factor (TF) production and release and by an increase in extracellular vesicle production. (haematologica.org)
LHX2 regulated the expression of extracellular matrices, such as laminin and collagen, in iPS-HSCs. (ca.gov)

In the present study, we analyzed osteomodulin expression in human carotid plaques, its link with plaque phenotype, calcification, and future cardiovascular events. (lu.se)

Numerous asthma phenotypes have been described, including occupational asthma, and therapeutic strategies for asthma control are similar regardless of phenotype. (cdc.gov)

Nfix also inhibits the slow-twitch muscle phenotype. (wikipedia.org)

4 Upon polarization, macrophages react to the respective stimulus with the expression of a distinct phenotype. (haematologica.org)
Hypothalamic expression of huntingtin causes distinct metabolic changes in Huntington's disease mice. (lu.se)

Collinge J . Prion diseases of humans and animals: their causes and molecular basis. (cdc.gov)
In other diseases of smooth muscle hyperplasia, epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone acetylation, affect smooth muscle phenotype and contribute to impaired tissue function. (queensu.ca)
The contribution of genetic variability is briefly summarized for human longevity, common chronic diseases, physical activity level, cardiorespiratory fitness in the sedentary state, and in response to exercise programs. (humankinetics.com)

Effects of Deletion of Mutant Huntingtin in Steroidogenic Factor 1 Neurons on the Psychiatric and Metabolic Phenotype in the BACHD Mouse Model of Huntington Disease. (lu.se)

Either way, the term phenotype includes inherent traits or characteristics that are observable or traits that can be made visible by some technical procedure. (wikipedia.org)

Simultaneous loss of erbin and δ-catenin does not enhance severity of this phenotype. (jneurosci.org)
Using bulk RNA-sequencing from whole blood, we examined the association between gene expression and WTC-related PTSD symptom severity on (i) highest lifetime Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) score, (ii) past-month CAPS score, and (iii) PTSD symptom dimensions using a 5-factor model of re-experiencing, avoidance, emotional numbing, dysphoric arousal and anxious arousal symptoms. (cdc.gov)

To address this question we first developed human oligonucleotide microarrays with 30.000 elements and then performed large-scale expression profiling of long-term expanded MSC and MSC during differentiation into osteoblasts. (biomedcentral.com)
The results showed that MSC did not alter their osteogenic differentiation capacity, surface marker profile, and the expression profiles of MSC during expansion. (biomedcentral.com)
Finally we analyzed the gene expression profiles of MSC during osteogenic differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
ImmunoCult™ Human Th1 Differentiation Supplement is intended for use with ImmunoCult™-XF T Cell Expansion Medium (Catalog #10981) and ImmunoCult™ Human CD3/CD28 T Cell Activator (Catalog #10971). (stemcell.com)

Behaviors and their consequences are also phenotypes, since behaviors are observable characteristics. (wikipedia.org)

Some usages of the term suggest that the phenome of a given organism is best understood as a kind of matrix of data representing physical manifestation of phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
Data are available at the Gene Expression Omnibus under accession number GSE156478 . (nature.com)
Gray triangles = other expression annotations only (e.g. absence of expression or data from mutants). (jax.org)
Combining transcriptional data and in silico modeling along with in vitro validation, we identified CAD gene ZEB2 as a target through which these lncRNAs exert their function in SMC phenotypic transition.Expression of a large and diverse set of lncRNAs in human coronary artery SMC are highly dynamic in response to CAD-related stimuli. (stanford.edu)
Toward this objective, ChIP-Seq data of 14 S/MAR binding proteins were analyzed and the binding site coordinates of these proteins were used to prepare a non-redundant S/MAR dataset of human genome. (researchgate.net)
We also observed that NGSEA substantially improved the ability to retrieve known anti-cancer drugs from patient-derived gene expression data using drug-target gene sets compared with another method, Connectivity Map. (molcells.org)
Dr Heidi Mattock and use genetic data to identify the etiology of human canceRs. (who.int)
We make use of high-resolution, high-throughput flow cytometry, advanced imaging techniques, gene expression data as well as crosslinking data from population based registries. (lu.se)

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. (nih.gov)

Blood group phenotypes relating to expression of ABO antigens in individual kidneys were identified. (gu.se)
We aimed to determine the significance of detecting expression of some antigens that might be pivotal to the process, namely CD44 and CD117, in patients with active pemphigus vulgaris. (who.int)

Expression of stx2 was detected in 13 RAJ tissue samples (2014: n=6, 2015: n=7), while expression of stx1 was not detected. (frontiersin.org)
In contrast to monocytes, human macrophages did not show increased tissue factor expression upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ. (haematologica.org)

To understand if polarization of macrophages can lead to a procoagulant macrophage subset we polarized human monocyte derived macrophages to a proinflammatory and an alternative activation state. (haematologica.org)
7 In contrast, alternatively activated macrophages are characterized by increased expression of IL-10 and of scavenger receptors. (haematologica.org)
These tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) were of the M2 phenotype (CD206+). (lu.se)
M2 macrophages derived from human monocyte cell line THP-1 secreted high levels of IL-8 and leukotriene D4 (LTD4), which induced colon cancer cell migration, and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) to maintain a tumoral immunosuppressive environment. (lu.se)

We found that NGSEA outperformed GSEA in identifying pathway gene sets for matched gene expression phenotypes. (molcells.org)

An organism's phenotype results from two basic factors: the expression of an organism's genetic code (its genotype) and the influence of environmental factors. (wikipedia.org)

In vitro, prolonged proliferation of ISMC results in loss of their normal contractile phenotype, including decreased expression of contractile markers and the neurotrophin glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). (queensu.ca)
Any epigenetic role in regulating gene expression and the contractile phenotype of ISMC is unknown. (queensu.ca)
TSA and AZA treatment decreased the enhanced growth response of repeated passage ISMC, and increased the expression of contractile markers, SMA and SM22. (queensu.ca)
ISMC from human strictures showed a decreased contractile phenotype, with increased levels of DNMT1 and HDAC5. (queensu.ca)
Repeated passage human ISMC also had decreased expression of contractile markers SMA and SM22, mimicking the rat model. (queensu.ca)
These findings suggest that the altered contractile phenotype of ISMC is associated with epigenetic changes, including increased DNA methylation and histone deacetylation. (queensu.ca)

High fat/high cholesterol diet (HFD) feeding increases biliary senescence, DR, and biliary insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) expression in mice. (gene-tools.com)

It is thus not surprising that the absence of MHC-II expression results in a severe primary immunodeficiency disease. (hindawi.com)
The immunohistochemical results showed prominent expression of CD44 in 13 of the patients and CD117 in 9 of the patients with new blister formation. (who.int)

This macrophage polarization can be simulated in vitro using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-γ stimulation for a proinflammatory subset termed classical activation and stimulation with interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 for an alternative polarization phenotype. (haematologica.org)
The comet assay was used to measure the DNA damage induced in vitro by nicotine in human leukocytes as the extent of DNA migration in the comet head area, tail length, percent DNA in the tail, and Olive tail moment. (who.int)

Even in end-stage pulmonary disease, e.g. in lung transplant candidates, such phenotypes prevail [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)

We study specific aspects of cellular stress response in yeast and related human fungal pathogens. (boku.ac.at)

Low PU.1 expression in AML may account for low ATG gene expression in this disease. (hindawi.com)
High numbers of future deaths in the UK from the human form [variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of mad cow disease (bovine spongiform encephalopathy)] are unlikely, researchers have said. (rense.com)
Both E. coli O157:H7 and non-O157:H7 serotypes can cause human disease and among non-O157 infections, up to 70% of human infections are attributed to six non-O157 STEC serogroups (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145) ( Bosilevac and Koohmaraie, 2012 ). (frontiersin.org)
The disease is transmitted to humans by consumption of unpasteurized milk and dairy products or by occupational contact with infected animals. (frontiersin.org)
Rodent models offer significant advantages for analysis of disease phenotypes. (europa.eu)
Imbalance of the oxytocin-vasopressin system contributes to the neuropsychiatric phenotype in the BACHD mouse model of Huntington disease. (lu.se)
Microarray profiling of hypothalamic gene expression changes in Huntington's disease mouse models. (lu.se)

Improvement of cell-cell interactions between epithelium and mesenchyme is a potential approach to address this phenotype issue. (ca.gov)

We describe several additional cases with phenotypes including sclerocornea, in which involvement of the RAD21 variant is uncertain. (springer.com)

p22phox-dependent Nox plays an important role in the COPD phenotype, by its action on phase II HPV and chronic vascular remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
The most divergent COPD clusters may be the chronic bronchitis phenotype with hypoxaemia (blue bloater) and the emphysema phenotype without hypoxaemia (pink puffer), although many other phenotypes can be defined [ 1 ]. (ersjournals.com)

Fig. 3: Dissection of native human hematopoiesis with multimodal cell state inference and mtDNA-based lineage tracing. (nature.com)
Moreover, while the mainstay of the diagnosis of MHC-II deficiency is the absence of constitutive and inducible expression of MHC-II molecules on all cell types, other tests for T-cell function are less informative in such patients. (hindawi.com)
Their gene expression during brain development and within cell types highlights how they relate to ASD. (springer.com)
Discovery of Transacting Long Noncoding RNAs That Regulate Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype. (stanford.edu)
In this study we asked if human MSC are developing in an aberrant or unwanted way during ex vivo long-term cultivation and if cultivation conditions exert any influence on their stem cell maintenance. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatocytic maturation in iPS-HPCs was significantly increased in direct co-culture with iPS-HSCs overexpressing LHX2, but not in co-culture with a human hepatic stellate cell line (LX-2) overexpressing LHX2. (ca.gov)
No differences in cell frequencies regarding ANCA phenotype were observed. (lu.se)

Anatomy2

Organisms6

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs7

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes27

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Genes20

Genotype-phenotype5

Genetics4

Pathways3

MRNA expression3

Variants7

Heterogeneity1

Mutation3

Clinical7

Governs2

Mutations3

Alterations3

Protein6

Investigate3

Functional3

Genome-wide as2

Atherosclerosis1

Susceptibility1

Lineages1

Cells27

Mechanisms5

Inflammation1

Tumor1

Analyze3

Extracellular2

Cardiovascular1

Therapeutic strategies1

Inhibits1

Distinct2

Diseases3

Metabolic1

Traits1

Severity2

Differentiation4

Consequences1

Data8

Transcriptional1

Antigens2

Tissue2

Macrophages4

Gene sets1

Genetic1

Contractile6

Mice1

Results2

Vitro2

Lung1

Cellular1

Disease7

Interactions1

Variant1

Chronic2

Cell7