• On Dec. 8, 2022, the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO), the American Association for the Advancement of Science's Center for Scientific Evidence in Public Issues (AAAS EPI Center), and RESOLVE co-hosted a two-hour virtual session to provide information from experts on the effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on human health. (aaas.org)
  • Since comparison values do not represent thresholds for toxicity, exposure to concentrations above comparison values will not necessarily produce adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Hampel M, Alonso E, Aparicio I, Santos JL & Leaver M (2015) Hepatic Proteome Analysis of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) After Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Human Pharmaceuticals. (stir.ac.uk)
  • Similar to estradiol, BPA causes changes in some cell functions at concentrations between 1 pM and 1 nM, and the mean and median range of unconjugated BPA measured by multiple techniques in human pregnant maternal, fetal, and adult blood and other tissues exceeds these levels. (nih.gov)
  • A number of epidemiological studies have reported that chronic exposure to high concentrations of fluoride not only causes dental and skeletal fluorosis but additionally affects serum levels of reproductive hormones. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Our findings suggest that chronic fluoride exposure from drinking water is associated with alterations of serum SHBG and ABP concentrations in local male farmers and that the effect of fluoride exposure on ABP levels vary depending on ESR? (fluoridealert.org)
  • Methods: We used mixed effects linear regression to evaluate associations between increased personal exposures and ambient pollutant concentrations in the 96 h before the pre-exposure visit, and 1) biomarkers measured at pre-exposure, and 2) changes in biomarkers from pre-to post-exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Ambient ozone concentrations in the prior 96 h were associated with both decreased pre-exposure high frequency (HF) heart rate variability (HRV) and increases in HF HRV from pre-to post-exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • We measured concentrations of SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), mpox virus, human metapneumovirus, norovirus GII, and pepper mild mottle virus nucleic acids in wastewater solids at twelve wastewater treatment plants in Central California, USA. (nature.com)
  • It also seeks to identify contributing activities and sources associated with the highest concentrations of the three pollutants, and to determine the contribution of these activities and microenvironments to personal exposure, and to study the impact of short-term exposure to air pollution on cognitive function. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Secondly, travelling in vehicles is linked to the highest concentrations of the three pollutants, while other outdoors activities and outdoors commuting are linked to the highest concentrations of BC and PM2.5, cooking is linked to the highest concentrations of UFP, and activities and time spent indoors are the highest contributors to personal exposure. (bham.ac.uk)
  • BBB investigators have been actively collaborating with investigators from the Epidemiology Branch as well as academic institutions in studies focused on environmental influences on human fecundity and fertility. (nih.gov)
  • The Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology is inviting submissions for a Special Issue on Wastewater-based Epidemiology to Assess Environmentally Influenced Disease. (nature.com)
  • Keep up to date with the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology on LinkedIn. (nature.com)
  • There is a real desire by the exposure science, epidemiology, and toxicology communities to use informatics approaches to improve their research workflow, gain new insights, and increase data reuse. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Systematic reviews play a similar role today as literature reviews in the past in that both attempt to provide an overview of the literature on a particular topic, either within a discipline (e.g., epidemiology) or across disciplines, and typically assess the evidence for causality for the association between exposure and disease. (nih.gov)
  • J Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology, 2009 Jan;19(1):59-68. (cdc.gov)
  • Through this strategic partnership, RECETOX expertise will be expended to the areas of environmental health and environmental epidemiology by the combination of collaborative research, education and training activities, junior researcher mobility and support for early stage researcher career development. (muni.cz)
  • Endocrine disruptors exposure during pregnancy and longitudinal fetal growth in the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies: singletons. (nih.gov)
  • Certain fetal and maternal conditions have been shown to have environmental and genetic components. (medscape.com)
  • Reproductive risk of toxicant exposure includes fetal effects, especially congenital anomalies. (medscape.com)
  • PCB poisonings in humans have caused fetal and infant death, birth defects, and brain damage in children exposed in the womb. (ewg.org)
  • Although there have been relatively few studies, a systematic review of sun exposure and pregnancy outcomes found associations with fetal growth restriction, blood pressure, and preterm birth rates ( 7 , 8 ), with higher first trimester sunlight correlating with higher fetal birth weights and less hypertensive complications in the third trimester ( 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Supported by epidemiological data and experimental studies, specific mechanisms have been defined linking environmental perturbations, disrupted fetal and neonatal development and adult ill-health. (mdpi.com)
  • In order to provide an improved in vitro model with which to investigate human diseases, such as cancer that may be promoted by toxicant exposure, we have characterized a newly developed cell line derived from the renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC) of a healthy human male donor. (tulane.edu)
  • The U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Ecologically-Driven Exposure Pathways Team , with partners from academia, industry, and tribal, State, and Federal agencies, provides tools to facilitate understanding of mercury and other toxicant exposure and effects on birds and other wildlife. (usgs.gov)
  • 170) 1.Hazardous substances - toxicity 2.Environmental exposure 3.Guidelines I.Series ISBN 92 4 157170 5 (NLM Classification: WA 465) ISSN 0250-863X The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. (inchem.org)
  • Exposure and toxicity of environmental mercury to birds can be enhanced or lessened due to the available sources and forms of mercury and other species dependent factors such as life stage, migratory patterns, foraging and nesting behaviors, transfer of mercury from mothers to eggs, and sex. (usgs.gov)
  • However, exposure to methylmercury alone does not determine the health risk to humans or wildlife-numerous pathways and processes in the environment and within an organism can alter its toxicity. (usgs.gov)
  • Animal studies do not indicate reproductive toxicity at the human therapeutic dose (see section 5.3). (who.int)
  • In particular, branch researchers have been actively involved in assessing associations of environmental exposures including endocrine-disrupting chemicals in relation to a spectrum of reproductive outcomes in both men and women. (nih.gov)
  • 5 6 Some strong evidence supports that disparities in birth outcomes are largely attributable to environmental, as opposed to genetic variation. (bmj.com)
  • Discuss and address state and territorial health agency staff questions related to the human health effects and outcomes from PFAS exposure. (aaas.org)
  • Other studies have tied lead exposure to depression and panic disorder , indicating that higher blood lead levels could be associated with other psychological brain outcomes as well. (medpagetoday.com)
  • As a neurotoxin, methylmercury has been linked to sublethal adverse health outcomes in humans and other animals. (usgs.gov)
  • The proposed research will link data on environmental exposures and health outcomes and use advanced statistical and machine learning methods to investigate the impact of the urban exposome on the health of urban populations. (muni.cz)
  • The entire human respiratory tract, including the lungs, is at risk for cancer induction by chronic exposure to low levels of inhaled acetaldehyde. (toronto.ca)
  • Chronic exposure can lead to congestion of the respiratory system in addition to irritation of the eyes, nose and throat. (toronto.ca)
  • Similar symptoms are displayed with short term exposure including tearing of the eyes, and irritation of the mucus membranes of the respiratory tract. (toronto.ca)
  • It is critical to obtain a complete history, including medication history, drug use, social history, occupational, recreational, and environmental respiratory exposure history, risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection, and review of systems, to ensure other causes of interstitial lung disease are excluded. (medscape.com)
  • This article provides a summary of many psychosocial and environmental risks during pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Assessing human health risks of chemicals: derivation of guidance values for health-based exposure limits. (inchem.org)
  • Critics, however, contended that the state of knowledge about pesticide exposure risks to infants and children while imprecise, suggests that residential pesticide exposure poses developmental risks to infants and children. (wikipedia.org)
  • Investing in new testing methods and research can enhance understanding of the costs of exposure to EDCs, and assist in reducing risks, maximizing benefits and spotlighting more intelligent options and alternatives that reflect a transition to a green economy," added Mr Steiner. (sciencedaily.com)
  • WHO will work with partners to establish research priorities to investigate links to EDCs and human health impacts in order to mitigate the risks. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Although an ecological risk assessment has been prepared, the focus of this assessment of 2-nitrotoluene relates primarily to human health risks. (gc.ca)
  • Typically, people with lower educational attainment are less knowledgeable about SHS exposure risks. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • This complexity and information gap can make it difficult to understand or predict where methylmercury exposure poses the greatest health risks. (usgs.gov)
  • Sun exposure is an important environmental variable that has risks and benefits for human health, but the effects of sun exposure on pregnancy duration and preterm birth are unknown. (frontiersin.org)
  • IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Some environmental risks are a part of the natural world, like radon in the soil. (medlineplus.gov)
  • WASHINGTON, DC - A coalition of organizations across the country have sent a call for action to President Obama's Task Force on Environmental Health and Safety Risks to Children, calling for the U.S. to finally end lead exposure and poisoning for children. (weact.org)
  • The coalition of organizations from around the country sent their plan to the President's Task Force on Environmental Health and Safety Risks to Children, co-chaired by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Health and Human Services (the plan can be viewed online here ). (weact.org)
  • In contrast to these published findings, BPA manufacturers persist in describing BPA as a weak estrogen and insist there is little concern with human exposure levels. (nih.gov)
  • The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
  • Evidence synthesis (or evidence integration) is widely used to summarize findings of epidemiologic studies of environmental and occupational exposures. (nih.gov)
  • 12] However, the findings concerning the effects of cold exposure on human immune function are inconsistent. (researchgate.net)
  • Meanwhile, findings from human studies have linked malathion to kidney damage. (naturalnews.com)
  • If exposure pathways were completed, levels of exposure were evaluated to determine the likelihood of adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • However, these pathways are categorized as no apparent public health hazard because the levels of exposure are not expected to result in adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • The team has studied contaminant exposure pathways for numerous wildlife species, but in this article, the focus is on environmental mercury exposure in wild birds. (usgs.gov)
  • Some of the team's most recent contributions provide information on when and where methylmercury exposure occurs, pathways of contaminant bioaccumulation, and whether the exposure affects bird health. (usgs.gov)
  • Beyond the environmental pathways and drivers of mercury exposure, how a bird takes in, processes, and excretes contaminants influences exposure and potential effects. (usgs.gov)
  • Lead exposure in childhood may lead to increased psychiatric symptoms in adulthood, according to a longitudinal study across nearly 3 decades. (medpagetoday.com)
  • The current blood lead exposure level for clinical attention is 5 μg/dL, the authors explained in JAMA Psychiatry . (medpagetoday.com)
  • Cyrus Rangan, MD, of the Children's Hospital Los Angeles, told MedPage Today the effects of lead exposure can have a "domino effect. (medpagetoday.com)
  • If a child's IQ is lower due to lead exposure for example, this may cause the child to fall behind in school, which could lead to behavioral problems that could later impact adult behavior. (medpagetoday.com)
  • This is something we've been grappling with for decades, trying to draw more concrete correlation between childhood lead exposure and potential problems that you may develop permanently as you grow into adulthood," Rangan told MedPage Today . (medpagetoday.com)
  • Still, he noted that most damage to the brain caused by lead exposure typically occurs from the ages of 0 to 6 years, when the brain is still developing. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Another limitation was that researchers used atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) to measure lead exposure, a method that can lack precision in lower ranges of blood lead levels, Rangan added. (medpagetoday.com)
  • In total, 544 individuals (53.7% male) were tested for lead exposure at age 11 years. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Although we found a pretty strong association between lead exposure and problematic behaviors in childhood -- especially externalizing behaviors like inattention, hyperactivity, and conduct problems -- when you look at adulthood, that link seems to be a lot weaker," Schaefer said. (medpagetoday.com)
  • Professional exposure, particularly working in petrol refining and gasoline stations, had the highest correlation with lead exposure. (who.int)
  • Careful longitudinal cohort studies international standards [ 13 ], lead content have shown that children with elevated has not been assessed in households, or lead exposure are at risk for deficits in IQ, within the old water distribution network, balance, hearing and growth [ 5 ]. (who.int)
  • In adults, which has been maintained or replaced only chronic lead exposure has led to kidney, recently [ 12 ]. (who.int)
  • Occupational lead exposure can also particularly using hair concentration as cause a decline in cognitive function over an indicator of lead exposure, nor has a the course of time [ 8 ]. (who.int)
  • Continue to provide lead exposure prevention education to people potentially impacted by the site. (cdc.gov)
  • Lead exposure crises are flaring in communities across the country. (weact.org)
  • They're alarm bells ringing loud and clear that we need to do everything we can on a national level to prevent neurotoxic lead exposure," said Lisa Garcia, Earthjustice's Vice President for Healthy Communities. (weact.org)
  • The Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and independent scientists all agree that there is no safe level of human lead exposure. (weact.org)
  • EPA must strengthen its standards and enforcement of those standards for lead in air, house paint, dust, soil, and drinking water to prevent the current unacceptable levels of lead exposure in our communities. (weact.org)
  • To safeguard children from new lead exposure in everyday life, EPA must prioritize lead as a chemical of concern for immediate health risk evaluation and action under the newly reformed Toxic Substances Control Act this coming December. (weact.org)
  • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) must adopt stronger worker protection standards, including for pregnant women, to prevent and reduce their lead exposure. (weact.org)
  • The CDC must ratchet down its definition of an elevated blood lead level to reflect that there is no safe level of lead exposure. (weact.org)
  • Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) was one of the leading risk factors for deaths globally in 2019, accounting for approximately 1.3 million deaths and contributing to 37 million Disability-Adjusted life years (DALYs), with 11.2% of the burden in children under the age of 5 years. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • The National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals is a series of ongoing assessments of the U.S. population's exposure to environmental chemicals using biomonitoring . (cdc.gov)
  • Because of NHANES' study design, the measurements of chemicals in participants are representative of exposures in the U.S. civilian population. (cdc.gov)
  • Chemicals disposed or released into the environment have the potential to come into contact with people, resulting in exposures that may cause adverse health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • The type and severity of health effects that occur in an individual from contact with a chemical depend on the exposure concentration (how much), the frequency and duration of exposure (how often and how long), the route that the chemical enters the body (such as breathing, eating, and skin contact), toxic properties of the chemical, and interactions between other chemicals in the body. (cdc.gov)
  • BBB staff are actively involved in numerous collaborations with researchers who are interested in the effects of chemicals at various stages of human life. (nih.gov)
  • Ongoing Assessment of the U.S. population's exposure to environmental chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • The main objective of the IPCS is to carry out and disseminate evaluations of the effects of chemicals on human health and the quality of the environment. (inchem.org)
  • The UN study, which is the most comprehensive report on EDCs to date, highlights some associations between exposure to EDCs and health problems including the potential for such chemicals to contribute to the development of non-descended testes in young males, breast cancer in women, prostate cancer in men, developmental effects on the nervous system in children, attention deficit /hyperactivity in children and thyroid cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In Alaska in the United States, exposure to such chemicals may contribute to reproductive defects, infertility and antler malformation in some deer populations. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As indicated in the Environmental Reporting and Disclosure Bylaw, Toronto Public Health has identified 25 priority substances (chemicals) that are in Toronto's air environment at levels that are of concern for health. (toronto.ca)
  • Used with drugs and chemicals for experimental human and animal studies of their ill effects. (bvsalud.org)
  • [ 2 ] A number of modalities may be required for diagnosis and treatment of exposures in pregnancy. (medscape.com)
  • We aimed to investigate whether maternal exposure to residential transportation noise, before and during pregnancy, was associated with GDM in a nationwide cohort. (lu.se)
  • Increased available sun exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with a reduced risk of preterm birth, with evidence of a dose-response. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, sun exposure in pregnancy remains mainly incidental and unconsidered. (frontiersin.org)
  • A weighted kernel machine regression approach to environmental pollutants and infertility. (nih.gov)
  • Health effects from indoor air pollutants may be experienced soon after exposure or years later. (nature.com)
  • Population declines in species of otters and sea lions may also be partially due to their exposure to diverse mixtures of PCBs, the insecticide DDT, other persistent organic pollutants, and metals such as mercury. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Comparison values used in this Public Health Assessment include USEPA's Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and ATSDR's Environmental Media Evaluation Guides (emEGs), Reference Dose Media Evaluation Guides (RMEGs), and Cancer Risk Evaluation Guides (CREGs). (cdc.gov)
  • We have evaluated the most frequently used biomarkers and the physiology on which they are based, to explore the inter-individual variations and their suitability for exposure assessment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pursuant to section 74 of the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA 1999), the Ministers of the Environment and of Health have conducted a screening assessment on benzene, 1-methyl-2-nitro- (2-nitrotoluene), Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 88-72-2. (gc.ca)
  • Margins of exposure were not calculated for non-cancer effects in this assessment since non-cancer effects occurred at a dose at which tumours were observed and because the information available indicates that exposures of the general Canadian population to 2-nitrotoluene from either environmental media or consumer products are expected to be negligible. (gc.ca)
  • This book reviews the information necessary to address the steps in exposure assessment relevant to air pollution . (environmental-expert.com)
  • The main objective of the book is to contribute to the existing knowledge and practical application of modern technologies for exposure and risk assessment of chemical environmental pollution with emphasis on methodologies and the models used for environmental security. (environmental-expert.com)
  • This summary information comes from the assessment report for Ogivri (trastuzumab) and Fass environmental information for various drugs with trastuzumab. (janusinfo.se)
  • The applicant submitted a justification for not providing an environmental risk assessment. (janusinfo.se)
  • Furthermore, the 'Guideline on the Environmental Risk Assessment of Medicinal Products for Human Use' (EMENCHMP/SWP/4447/00 corr. (janusinfo.se)
  • Therefore, considering that Ogivri is a protein and there is no expected increased environmental exposure, the absence of formal environmental risk assessment studies for Ogivri is considered justified. (janusinfo.se)
  • Residual environmental contamination results in continued exposures. (ewg.org)
  • Consequently, countermeasures including policy- and governance-based approaches that target circular economy as well as reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) applications are being discussed around the world to minimize the environmental contamination of MPs. (or.jp)
  • Wearable sensors are increasingly used to monitor environmental pollution. (springer.com)
  • Therefore, environmental pollution occurs more frequently, longer, and more intensively with citizens suffering from its negative health impacts [ 94 ]. (springer.com)
  • Environmental pollution is the sum of all disruptive environmental factors that influence or change the natural environment [ 71 ]. (springer.com)
  • This review focuses on three environmental factors that are expected to increase in frequency and intensity, especially in urban areas: heat, air pollution, and noise [ 94 ]. (springer.com)
  • It is also referred to as passive smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, and tobacco smoke pollution. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • Exposure to air pollution can cause adverse health effects, may also adversely affect the central nervous system and affect cognitive performance. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Epidemiological studies depend on central site monitors as surrogates to assess personal exposure to air pollution, which can be inaccurate because they do not assess personal exposure in a variety of activities and microenvironments. (bham.ac.uk)
  • In general terms, there is some awareness relating to the impact on health of exposure to air pollution. (who.int)
  • Data that inform health trends associated with exposure to air pollution and its sources are currently being collected and reported using different methodologies and procedures. (who.int)
  • The framework for data harmonization, analysis, reporting and visualization being developed under WHO's recently established global platform on air quality and health will serve as the primary mechanism for ensuring reliable, valid and accessible estimates of human exposure to air pollution globally. (who.int)
  • The human body is exposed to pollution on a daily basis via dermal exposure and inhalation. (environmental-expert.com)
  • Urban populations are exposed to a large number of environmental influences that can negatively affect human health. (muni.cz)
  • Once exposure occurs, many characteristics such as age, genetics, health, and nutritional status influence how the chemical behaves in the body. (cdc.gov)
  • Risk to human health occurs when acetaldehyde in the air is inhaled. (toronto.ca)
  • Together these factors affect the type, severity, and likelihood of health effects that may occur from exposure to hazardous substances. (cdc.gov)
  • Hazardous materials toxicology: clinical principles of environmental health. (cdc.gov)
  • More than 70 of these compounds are carcinogens, which has led the US Environmental Protection Agency and the International Agency for Research on Cancer to classify SHS as a group A and group 1 carcinogen, respectively, indicating the most hazardous cancer-causing compounds. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • Additionally, BBB researchers are also focused on studying the application of the exposome research paradigm for understanding environmental influences on human fecundity and fertility impairments. (nih.gov)
  • 35%) is dwarfed by non-genetic or broadly defined environmental influences, particularly when self-identified African-Americans are compared with self-identified European Americans. (bmj.com)
  • Trends of SHBG and ABP levels in male farmers: Influences of environmental fluoride exposure and ESR alpha gene polymorphisms. (fluoridealert.org)
  • For exposure to occur, all elements of an exposure pathway must be present. (cdc.gov)
  • If one of these five elements is missing, no exposure will occur, but the potential for exposure may still exist. (cdc.gov)
  • Human exposure can occur via the ingestion of food, dust and water, inhalation of gases and particles in the air, and skin contact. (sciencedaily.com)
  • 1 Introduction Most acute responses of humans to UV exposure occur as a result of UVB exposures (280nm to 320nm), as these wavelengths are highly sensitive in creating a human biological response. (witpress.com)
  • The majority of exposures to sodium azide occur by inhalation. (cdc.gov)
  • These values are derived for specific environmental media (air, water, soils, etc.), and reflect the concentration for a given chemical that is not likely to cause adverse health effects from long-term exposure, given standard assumptions about body weight, ingestion, and contact rates. (cdc.gov)
  • Our concern with human exposure to BPA derives from 1) identification of molecular mechanisms mediating effects in human and animal tissues at very low doses, 2) in vivo effects in experimental animals caused by low doses within the range of human exposure, and 3) widespread human exposure to levels of BPA that cause adverse effects in animals. (nih.gov)
  • However, possible interaction between fluoride exposure and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR? (fluoridealert.org)
  • Here, we conducted a cross-sectional study including 348 male farmers with different fluoride exposure levels from drinking water in Henan province of China to explore effects of fluoride exposure and ESR? (fluoridealert.org)
  • Furthermore, fluoride exposure and single nucleotide polymorphisms at the XbaI and rs3798577 loci of the ESR? (fluoridealert.org)
  • Associations of low level of fluoride exposure with dental fluorosis among U.S. children and adolescents, NHANES 2015-2016. (fluoridealert.org)
  • So, our study aimed to examine whether the low level of fluoride exposure was associated with the risk of dental fluorosis. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Low level of water or plasma fluoride exposure was associated with increased the risk of dental fluorosis. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Therefore, our study aimed to examine whether the low level of fluoride exposure (measured in blood plasma and household tap water) was associated with the risk of dental fluorosis based on data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Testing: known EDCs are only the 'tip of the iceberg' and more comprehensive testing methods are required to identify other possible endocrine disruptors, their sources, and routes of exposure. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This publication was made possible by grant number 5 U01 ES02617-15 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, USA, and by financial support from the European Commission. (inchem.org)
  • In: Ellenhorn's medical toxicology: diagnosis and treatment of human poisoning. (cdc.gov)
  • Many factors are involved that determine whether an exposure will result in health effects. (cdc.gov)
  • They are never protect the download Environmental Toxicants: Human Exposures and Their Health Effects, for themselves. (elitebath.com)
  • compare these former Garden means with new download Environmental Toxicants: Human Exposures and Their Health Effects, Third Edition variables and only sondern! (elitebath.com)
  • download Environmental Toxicants: Human Exposures and Their Health Effects, Third Edition sent that clients of the Christian culture( which are devoted with all the enormous metals) not serve through words of 112ExtensionsThe ' in being to their nuclear Engaging browser. (elitebath.com)
  • Large effects from small exposures. (nih.gov)
  • Two determinations must be made when a physician responds to a patient's concerns about a specific exposure: (1) whether any quantity of the toxicant has known adverse effects on reproduction in humans and (2) whether the substance is present in sufficient quantity to affect the patient or population exposed. (medscape.com)
  • This issue is complicated in humans by the high natural spontaneous abortion rate of 15-30%, which makes determining the specific reproductive effects in humans difficult without studying large groups. (medscape.com)
  • Background: The cardiovascular effects of ozone exposure are unclear. (cdc.gov)
  • This review paper will 1) present an overview of human physiological responses to cold exposure, 2) present the human studies examining the effects of cold exposure on immune responses, and 3) summarize recent experiments from our laboratories examining the effects of exercise and fatigue on immune responses during subsequent cold exposure. (researchgate.net)
  • The effects of PCBs have been studied in humans who were exposed through diet, work, and industrial accidents. (ewg.org)
  • 2001). Other possible health effects associated with PCB exposure are menstrual irregularities and decreased fertility in women. (ewg.org)
  • This presentation will summarize the available literature on noise -exposure levels in the agricultural setting, their apparent effects on the hearing of farmers, research questions which need to be addressed, and how the Farm Family Health and Hazard Survey and other projects through NIOSH's Agricultural Initiative are beginning to address these problems. (cdc.gov)
  • Human exposure can lead, however, to a wide range of biological effects. (novapublishers.com)
  • and finally, the effects of fractions of the edible halophyte, Sarcocornia perennis on human kidney cells after Pb intoxication. (novapublishers.com)
  • Exposure to 2-nitrotoluene has also been associated with non-cancer effects in experimental animals, including developmental and reproductive effects as well as effects in the lungs, liver, spleen, bone marrow and the hematopoietic system. (gc.ca)
  • For example, mercury exposure can lead to sublethal toxicological effects that can influence parental nesting behaviors involved in egg incubation. (usgs.gov)
  • Screening efforts will confirm and monitor blood lead trends, while ongoing public health education reinforces the need for behaviors that may reduce exposure to lead and its subsequent health effects among adults and children. (cdc.gov)
  • Using measurements from the 87 participants in the Multicenter Ozone Study of oldEr Subjects (MOSES), we examined whether personal and ambient pollutant exposures before the controlled exposure sessions would be associated with adverse changes in pulmonary and cardiovascular function. (cdc.gov)
  • Thirdly, the results provide strong evidence that short-term exposure to PM2.5 from candle burning and commuting has an adverse effect on cognitive performance. (bham.ac.uk)
  • ATSDR uses comparison values in selecting contaminants for further evaluation within an exposure pathway. (cdc.gov)
  • In this context, digitalization is a key driver for the development of new ways to collect, assess, and monitor environmental stressors with wearable sensor technologies which help to explore the urban human exposome, which is defined as the total of people's exposure to environmental factors throughout their lifetime [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • Biomarkers for mercury (Hg) exposure have frequently been used to assess exposure and risk in various groups of the general population. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This paper describes a prototype UVA dosimeter that is responsive to the UVA wavelengths only and does not respond to the UVB wavelengths and how this dosimeter can be used to assess personal UVA exposure. (witpress.com)
  • This thesis aims to assess the level of misclassification in data from central site monitors by using portable modern sensors with high temporal resolution to characterize personal inhaled doses of BC, PM2.5, and UFP, and compare the measurements with surrogate exposure metrics. (bham.ac.uk)
  • Plausible physiologic and biologic mechanisms: For example, positing that a major change in organ formation was due to late-trimester pesticide exposure would not be plausible because organogenesis would have been completed before the exposures. (medscape.com)
  • Environmental Science & Technology Letters 2023 , 10 (3) , 214-221. (acs.org)
  • Thereafter, the U.S. Congress also passed a law that bans EPA from funding intentional exposure research that involves children and pregnant or nursing women. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Ethics of Research with Human Subjects: Protecting People, Advancing Science, Promoting Trust. (wikipedia.org)
  • Much research has been conducted into the impact of exposure to UVB radiation (280 - 320nm), whist research into impact of exposures to UVA radiation (320 - 400 nm) is gaining momentum. (witpress.com)
  • A study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health found that malathion , the most popular organophosphate insecticide in the U.S., significantly increases the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) . (naturalnews.com)
  • The Environmental Evidence for the Future (EEF) Initiative funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council emerged from the need to build on and strengthen the environmental evidence base in the long-term, by working in close collaboration with relevant UK policy makers and agencies to identify and define crucial environmental policy challenges. (biomedcentral.com)
  • What is the research evidence for antibiotic resistance exposure and transmission to humans from the environment? (biomedcentral.com)
  • National Exposure Research Laboratory. (acs.org)
  • The use of THg concentration in whole blood as a proxy for MeHg exposure will give rise to an overestimation of the MeHg exposure depending on the degree of IHg exposure, why speciation of mercury forms is needed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been proposed that H-THg reflects inorganic mercury exposure at low MeHg exposure in populations with no or low fish consumption [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Others are the result of human activities, like lead poisoning from paint, or exposure to asbestos or mercury from mining or industrial use. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Methylmercury exposure poses a perceived health risk to humans and wildlife globally. (usgs.gov)
  • The ATSDR exposure evaluation process is presented in Figure 5 . (cdc.gov)
  • PCB exposure in the womb or during lactation is also associated with decreased IQ and impaired psychomotor development, decreased immune function, altered liver enzyme and lipid levels, and skin disease (chloracne) (ATSDR 2000b). (ewg.org)
  • There is a growing awareness of the need to record personal environmental conditions ("the human exposome") and to study options and implications of adaptive and protective behavior of individuals. (springer.com)
  • In response to the urgent need to understand the impact of the urban environment on human health the new concept of the "urban exposome" has emerged. (muni.cz)
  • There is no safe level of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) from combustible tobacco products. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • It is widely recognized through scientific evidence that there is no safe level of exposure to SHS. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • Lead is a potent neurotoxin with no safe level of exposure. (weact.org)
  • A critical challenge in genomic medicine is identifying the genetic and environmental risk factors for disease. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Most human genetic variation is found within ancestral groups with only 5%-10% of gene frequencies differing between ancestral groups. (bmj.com)
  • 8 Others have used twin and kinship studies to analyse the genetic versus the environmental contributions to PTB. (bmj.com)
  • The complex interplay of (1) genetic, (2) environmental, and (3) social factors requires sophisticated and thoughtful interventions on the part of health care providers. (medscape.com)
  • In addition to chemical exposure, other environmental and non-genetic factors such as age and nutrition could be among the reasons for any observed increases in disease and disorders. (sciencedaily.com)
  • No studies have assessed acute PBC exposure on peripheral blood mononuclear cell mobilisation or compared these with cold water immersion (CWI), which may inform how PBC impacts inflammatory processes. (researchgate.net)
  • Exposure to secondhand smoke can lead to lung cancer, acute and chronic coronary heart disease (CHD), and eye and nasal irritation in adults. (tobaccoatlas.org)
  • We propose that racial disparities in PTB are a cumulative biosensor of exposures that vary by race, arising from long-standing inequities. (bmj.com)
  • PCBs are reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen (NTP 2002). (ewg.org)
  • Government scientists have concluded that lead is "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. (weact.org)
  • The relation between these results, the environmental exposure data, and biological monitoring data is discussed in the context of current views on the metabolism of inhaled insoluble uranium. (bmj.com)
  • A completed pathway consists of five elements: source, environmental media/transport, point of exposure, route of exposure, and receptor population. (cdc.gov)
  • The vast progress in smart technologies created wearable sensors that record environmental as well as spatio-temporal data while accompanying a person. (springer.com)
  • The weights deposited in the lungs and lymph nodes are less than 1% of the amounts calculated from the environmental data using the parameters currently applied in radiological protection. (bmj.com)
  • Currently, the available data links a majority of known coding human genes to phenotypes, but the environmental component of human disease is extremely underrepresented in these linked data sets. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Our objective is to foster development of community-driven data-reporting standards and a computational model that will facilitate the inclusion of exposure data in computational analysis of human disease. (oregonstate.edu)
  • Critical to success is the development of a community-driven data model for describing environmental exposures and linking them to existing models of human disease. (oregonstate.edu)
  • It should include the use of classical considerations for judging causality in human studies, as well as triangulation and integration of animal and mechanistic data. (nih.gov)
  • Data from animal studies have previously revealed that exposure to malathion increases markers of kidney injury, like levels of serum creatinine and urea. (naturalnews.com)
  • Exposure to dust or gas might produce conjunctivitis and nasal and bronchial irritation. (cdc.gov)
  • As adults, our health can be influenced by a range of lifestyle and environmental factors, increasing the risk for developing a series of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease and obesity. (mdpi.com)
  • In addition, prolonged exposure to lead is associated with high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease and reduced fertility. (weact.org)
  • THg in hair reflects MeHg exposure at all exposure levels, and not IHg exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ester bond linking BPA molecules in polycarbonate and resins undergoes hydrolysis, resulting in the release of free BPA into food, beverages, and the environment, and numerous monitoring studies now show almost ubiquitous human exposure to biologically active levels of this chemical. (nih.gov)
  • We found serum SHBG levels in male farmers from the high exposure group to be lower than those of the low exposure group. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Additionally, total glutathione levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to Cd alone and co-exposure groups. (tulane.edu)
  • Limited study focused on the fluorosis effect of low levels of exposure to fluoride. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Although it is fairly apparent that farmers are at risk for and often develop noise -induced hearing loss , there is little information on actual exposure levels. (cdc.gov)
  • Failure to prevent lead poisoning in childhood affects future generations: lead in pregnant women can cross the placenta and build up in breast milk, meaning children's harmful exposure to lead often begins before birth and continues through infancy. (weact.org)
  • I will in this paper discuss how Lidman here gives a secular reading to the Christian theme of original sin, and how this reading (in line with Lidman's intent), can be used to make sense of our complex moral relation to the environmental consequences of modernity. (lu.se)
  • Poisoning should be considered for life-threatening exposure to environmental agents. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lead (Pb) exposure is known to induce a wide range of physiological and biochemical dysfunctions in humans and animals. (novapublishers.com)
  • We detected BPDE-DNA adducts after exposure to B[a]P which confirms that the RPTEC/TERT1 cell line responds to B[a]P consistently with what is known regarding these cells in a normal, healthy kidney. (tulane.edu)
  • In 1976, the manufacture of PCBs was banned in the United States because of concern for human health impacts, but are still widely found in the general population of the U.S. (ewg.org)
  • Microplastics (MPs) have been identified as an emerging soil pollutant and a global environmental concern. (or.jp)
  • Measurements were made using digital droplet (reverse-transcription-) polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) following best practices for making environmental molecular biology measurements. (nature.com)
  • Johnson himself was heavily criticized for his support in the use of human test subjects during his tenure as EPA's Assistant Administrator for Toxic Substances. (wikipedia.org)
  • Automobile airbag industry toxic exposures. (cdc.gov)
  • Future studies will test mutagenesis under conditions of co-exposure to Cd and B[a]P. Our studies are the first to provide information regarding toxicological responses in this novel cell line that model those of the target tissue. (tulane.edu)
  • Exposures of the general population to 2-nitrotoluene through environmental media (air, drinking water and soil) are expected to be negligible. (gc.ca)