Human enterovirus. Medical search. Frequent questions

The Enteroviruses are a genus of the family Picornaviridae, and are a large and diverse group of small RNA viruses characterized by a ssRNA molecule of positive sense. (norgenbiotek.com)
Enteroviruses (genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae ) are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. (cdc.gov)
Enterovirus 71 (EV71), also known as Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), is a virus of the genus Enterovirus in the Picornaviridae family, notable for its role in causing epidemics of severe neurological disease and hand, foot, and mouth disease in children. (wikipedia.org)
Human parechoviruses (PeVs), members of the Picornaviridae family, are common childhood pathogens associated with various clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to severe illness. (cdc.gov)
Enteroviruses (EV) and human parechoviruses (HPeV) are RNA viruses from the Picornaviridae family that are very prevalent in the paediatric population, causing disease in various forms. (analesdepediatria.org)
HRVs are classified in genus Enterovirus (HEVs) in family Picornaviridae [10] . (plos.org)
Echoviruses (EVs) are RNA viruses of the genus Enterovirus and the family Picornaviridae. (medscape.com)

The human enteroviruses include poliovirus, Coxsackie A and Coxsackie B viruses, enterocytopathic human orphan (ECHO) viruses and other enteroviruses. (norgenbiotek.com)
Enteroviruses are common human viruses associated with various clinical syndromes, from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis). (cdc.gov)
VirScan, which is a customized version of a Nobel Prize-winning technique called phage (rhymes with "beige") display, allowed Wilson's team to probe the spinal fluid of AFM patients for signs of an immune response against enterovirus and thousands of other viruses simultaneously. (neurosciencenews.com)
The researchers created molecular libraries consisting of nearly 500,000 small chunks of every protein found in the over 3,000 viruses known to infect vertebrates (including humans), as well as those that infect mosquitoes and ticks (an effort to rule out disease transmission through their bites). (neurosciencenews.com)
The human enteroviruses are ubiquitous viruses that are transmitted from person to person via direct contact with virus shed from the gastrointestinal or upper respiratory tract. (medscape.com)
The nonpolio viruses (group A and B coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, enteroviruses) are responsible for a wide spectrum of diseases in persons of all ages, although infection and illness occur most commonly in infants. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] In Karachi, enteric viruses were commonly found, with human enteroviruses documented in 43% of tap water samples. (medscape.com)
Between June 2022 and April 2023 in Wales, 10 newborns under 28 days old developed myocarditis associated with infections from enterovirus, some of the most prevalent viruses in the world, according to the World Health Organization and the Welsh minister for health and social services. (politifact.com)
In its statement, the WHO said that the most common cause of myocarditis is viral infection, including infection from enteroviruses, which are among the world's most prevalent class of viruses. (politifact.com)
Viruses are microscopic organisms that survive and multiply inside living hosts, such as animals and humans. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Viruses are minuscule - 45,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. (medicalnewstoday.com)
But while there are many types of viruses in the world, only some are known to cause illness in humans. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Completed Enteroviruses and Enteric viruses requisition form. (canada.ca)
Although correlations between clinical presentation with T1D and the occurrence of a viral infection that precedes the development of overt disease have been recognized, causalities between viruses and the diabetogenic process are still elusive and difficult to prove in humans. (nih.gov)
Future studies will hopefully reveal which human viruses are causally involved in the induction of T1D and this knowledge may provide directions on how to deal with viral infections in diabetes-susceptible individuals in order to delay or even prevent the diabetogenic process. (nih.gov)
While it was decided to keep the name 'enterovirus' for this group of viruses, it is certainly confusing and I would argue that it should be replaced by a more descriptive name. (virology.ws)
Parechoviruses are a group of viruses known to cause a spectrum of disease in humans. (cdc.gov)
Other enteroviruses are the Coxsackie A and B viruses (CVA and CVB) and the echoviruses (ECHO: enteric cytopathic human orphan). (dermnetnz.org)
These orphan viruses were initially termed ECHO, an acronym for enteric cytopathic human orphan virus, which was later simplified to echovirus. (medscape.com)
Enteroviruses, along with rhinoviruses (see Common Cold) and human parechoviruses, are a genus of picornaviruses ( pico , or small, RNA viruses). (msdmanuals.com)
The nasopharyngeal swab tested negative for influenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza viruses 1-3 and rhinovirus. (who.int)

CI = 0--0.4) than infections with other enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
NESS data allowed identification and description of a core group of consistently circulating enteroviruses that probably determine the disease burden associated with enterovirus infections. (cdc.gov)
But the myocarditis cases were associated with enterovirus infections, not COVID-19 or the vaccines. (politifact.com)
From June 2022 to April 2023 in Wales, 10 newborns younger than 28 days old who were hospitalized and tested positive for enterovirus infections also developed myocarditis, according to the WHO . (politifact.com)
Enterovirus infections can cause a range of illnesses such as hand, foot, mouth disease or viral meningitis , Ladhani said. (politifact.com)
Despite significant advances in health care, outbreaks of infections by enteroviruses (EVs) continue to plague the Asia-Pacific region every year. (ox.ac.uk)
During the course of viral infections, the human body produces neutralizing antibodies which play a defining role in clearing the virus. (ox.ac.uk)
Suspected enterovirus or parechovirus infections. (canada.ca)
Data obtained in rodents and in vitro systems have improved our insight in the possible role of viral infections in the pathogenesis of human T1D. (nih.gov)
Rhinovirus infections are the most common cause of viral illness in humans, and there is increasing evidence of their etiological role in severe acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). (ox.ac.uk)
Enteroviral infections cover a wide range of illnesses that are caused by enteroviruses (EVs). (dermnetnz.org)
Three species of Chlamydia cause human disease, including sexually transmitted infections and respiratory infections. (msdmanuals.com)
The cutaneous manifestations of human enterovirus infections include widespread blistering mucocutaneous reactions without any suspected drug causality. (medscape.com)
Meningitis is the leading infectious syndrome that affects the central nervous system, and most cases are caused by viral infections, mainly enterovirus. (bvsalud.org)

The most well known of the enteroviruses is the poliovirus (PV) but this has mostly been eradicated. (dermnetnz.org)
The discovery of the enteroviruses and the classification of poliovirus among them. (medscape.com)
The New Zealand National Poliovirus and Enterovirus Identification Reference Laboratory at the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) Limited, National Centre for Biosecurity and Infectious Disease routinely receives untyped enterovirus clinical specimens or cell culture isolates from four major hospitals (based in Auckland, Waikato, Wellington and Christchurch) as part of the New Zealand enterovirus surveillance network. (who.int)

This virus is a member of the enterovirus species A. Species A was formerly assigned to the genus Rhinovirus. (wikipedia.org)
Years later the rhinoviruses, which do not replicate in the enteric tract, were added to the enterovirus genus based on nucleotide sequence comparisons. (virology.ws)

To date, over 70 serotypes of Enterovirus have been isolated from man. (norgenbiotek.com)
Multiple enterovirus serotypes exist. (cdc.gov)
Predominant serotypes and ranking of individual enteroviruses changed over time. (cdc.gov)
A species of ENTEROVIRUS infecting humans and consisting of 2 serotypes: Human enterovirus 68 and Human enterovirus 70. (childrensmercy.org)
Partial EV and HPeV VP1 sequences are amplified from clinical isolates or direct specimens by RT- semi nested PCRs (RT-snPCR) using generic primers that target all human enterovirus serotypes and parechovirus genotypes to date. (canada.ca)
Sensitive, Semi-nested PCR Amplification of VP1 Sequences for Direct Identification of All Enterovirus Serotypes from Original Clinical Specimens. (canada.ca)
To date, 67 serotypes of enterovirus have been identified, 32 of which belong to the echovirus group. (medscape.com)

The National Enterovirus Surveillance System (NESS) is a voluntary, passive surveillance system that has monitored trends in circulating enteroviruses since 1961. (cdc.gov)
Here we report on the identification of EV-C105 for the first time in New Zealand from a patient with mild lower respiratory tract symptoms during an admission to a hospital in Auckland through the national enterovirus surveillance system. (who.int)

Increase in Acute Respiratory Illnesses Among Children and Adolescents Associated with Rhinoviruses and Enteroviruses, Including Enterovirus D68 - United States, July-September 2022. (childrensmercy.org)

Annual probability of enterovirus 71 infection among children 2-15 years of age, Cambodia, by geographic quadrant, 1994-2011. (cdc.gov)
Enteroviruses infect millions of people worldwide each year, and the infection can result in a wide variety of symptoms depending on the serotype of the enterovirus. (norgenbiotek.com)
For example, "both bovine and human lactoferrins were found to be potent inhibitors of EV71 infection" and "ribavirin could be a potential anti-EV71 drug. (wikipedia.org)
Dr. Shamez Ladhani, a consultant pediatrician at the U.K. Health Security Agency, described enterovirus as "a common infection of childhood," in a statement to PolitiFact. (politifact.com)
The reported increase in severe myocarditis associated with enterovirus infection among newborns was unusual, the WHO reported . (politifact.com)
We aim to investigate the impact of implemented infectious control strategies on the incidences of influenza, enterovirus infection, and all-cause pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic. (jmir.org)
This provides evidence consistent with the theory that a low grade Enteroviral infection in the pancreatic islets contribute to disease progression in humans. (news-medical.net)
The results provides evidence for the presence of enterovirus in pancreatic islets of type 1 diabetic patients, being consistent with the possibility that a low grade enteroviral infection in the pancreatic islets contribute to disease progression in humans. (news-medical.net)
In order to describe the molecular epidemiology of human rhinovirus (HRV) and enterovirus (EV) infection in severely ill children, we studied all episodes of bronchospasm/bronchopneumonia in 6-month-old to 18-year-old patients from January 2010 to May 2012 who required mechanical ventilation. (uab.cat)
Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are a highly prevalent cause of acute respiratory infection in children. (plos.org)
Lastly, we show that control children present transcriptional signatures consistent with robust immune responses to enterovirus infection, whereas children who later developed islet autoimmunity do not. (lu.se)

About one third have tested positive for an enterovirus or rhinovirus other than EV-D68. (outbreaknewstoday.com)

Five enterovirus-positive specimens were tested by pan-enterovirus viral protein 1 (VP1) RT-PCR, followed by Sanger sequencing of four of five positive specimens at CDC. (cdc.gov)
enterovirus, cerebrospinal fluid, viral meningitis. (bvsalud.org)
viral meningitis are caused by enterovirus. (bvsalud.org)

A negative result does not rule out the presence of enterovirus. (canada.ca)
Norwegian scientists with European partners have found evidence for the presence of Enterovirus in pancreatic islets of type 1 diabetic patients. (news-medical.net)

Eight of 12 nasopharyngeal specimens tested locally by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were positive for enterovirus. (cdc.gov)

There are four species, of which only PeV-A is known to cause disease in humans. (cdc.gov)
Screening respiratory samples for detection of human rhinoviruses (HRVs) and enteroviruses: comprehensive VP4-VP2 typing reveals high incidence and genetic diversity of HRV species C. (ox.ac.uk)
HRV species A, B, and C variants were detected in 14%, 1.8%, and 6.8%, respectively, of 456 diagnostic respiratory samples from 345 subjects (6 samples also contained enteroviruses), predominantly among children under age 10 years. (ox.ac.uk)
Arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) is defined as any virus that is transmitted to humans and/or other vertebrates by certain species of blood-feeding arthropods, mostly insects (flies and mosquitoes) and arachnids (ticks). (msdmanuals.com)
Enteroviruses 76, 89, 90 and 91 represent a novel group within the species Human enterovirus A. J Gen Virol . (medscape.com)
Molecular identification of 13 new enterovirus types, EV79-88, EV97, and EV100-101, members of the species Human Enterovirus B. Virus Res . (medscape.com)
Enterovirus C105 (EV-C105) is a member of the human enterovirus group C species and was first identified in the Democratic Republic of Congo in late 2010 in a faecal sample collected from a fatal acute flaccid paralysis patient during a poliomyelitis outbreak. (who.int)

Package Enterovirus/Parechovirus samples in a separate shipping container from other samples being sent to the NML. (canada.ca)
If possible include clinical and travel history and any enterovirus or parechovirus lab test results completed at local or provincial laboratories. (canada.ca)
Labs that perform their own enterovirus and/or parechovirus PCR testing should submit positive samples for genotyping surveillance. (canada.ca)
Laboratory surveillance for NPEVs and HPeV is based on published protocols that take advantage of the correlation between the partial VP1 sequence and the enterovirus (EV) serotype and parechovirus genotype. (canada.ca)

Researchers detected immunological remnants of enterovirus in the nervous systems of more than 12 patients with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). (neurosciencenews.com)
Enterovirus D68-Associated Acute Respiratory Illness - New Vaccine Surveillance Network, United States, July-October, 2017 and 2018. (childrensmercy.org)

Hand, foot and mouth disease (enteroviral stomatitis ) is caused by Coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71. (dermnetnz.org)

In this Respiratory Virus Report, the number of detections of coronavirus reflects only seasonal human coronaviruses, not the novel pandemic coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that causes COVID-19. (canada.ca)

People were hung up on the fact that enteroviruses were rarely detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of AFM patients. (neurosciencenews.com)

We think finding antibodies against enterovirus in the spinal fluid of AFM patients means the virus really does go to the spinal cord. (neurosciencenews.com)
From this study, we report two new, highly potent neutralizing antibodies, A9 and D6, against enterovirus 71 (EV71), the causative agent of HFMD. (ox.ac.uk)

Enteroviruses can infect all tissues of the human body. (medscape.com)

This monoclonal Antibody was raised against purified human C8. (quidel.com)

System Stresses in 2 Pediatric Emergency Departments and 2 Pediatric Urgent Care Centers During the 2014 Enterovirus-D68 Outbreak. (childrensmercy.org)

Enteroviruses are associated with diverse clinical syndromes ranging from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions (e.g., aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis) and could be linked with the development of some chronic diseases (e.g., type 1 diabetes and dilated cardiomyopathy) ( 1,2 ). (cdc.gov)

The basic reproductive number (R0) for enterovirus 71 (EV71) was estimated to a median of 5.48 with an interquartile range of 4.20 to 6.51. (wikipedia.org)
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), for which there are currently no therapeutics. (ox.ac.uk)

A confirmed case was defined as an illness meeting the clinical case definition with laboratory identification of an enterovirus. (cdc.gov)

Efforts to increase laboratory participation in NESS should continue to allow for more complete and accurate surveillance for enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
Analyze the laboratory parameters of CSF in patients with enterovirus meningitis, and then, theirrelationship by age group. (bvsalud.org)

Enteroviruses have been classified into five groups based on their molecular properties. (dermnetnz.org)

Correct, the current test uses PCR with pan-enterovirus primers, followed by sequencing to determine the genotype. (virology.ws)

Designed primarily for use by high school students and young adults in the general population seeking authoritative health information, Human Diseases and Conditions , 3rd ed. is the revised and updated edition of Charles Scribner's Sons' well received Human Diseases and Conditions (2009). (gale.com)
Offering in-depth coverage of all areas of health and disease, Human Diseases and Conditions , 3rd ed. offers current and accurate information on approximately 450 diseases and conditions. (gale.com)
Many enteroviruses cause diseases with associated cutaneous or mucous membrane reactions. (dermnetnz.org)

This highlights the importance of enterovirus surveillance for detection of the importation of new genotypes such as EV-C105, thus allowing a better understanding of the roles they play in disease. (who.int)

Human Enterovirus (HEV) TaqMan RT-PCR Detection Kits (Cat. (norgenbiotek.com)
Here we report the development of a direct RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 detection method that can reliably detect minute quantities of SARS-CoV-2 gRNA in nasopharyngeal swab samples as well as the presence of human genomic DNA. (medrxiv.org)

Enterovirus detections by serotype with specimen type, collection date, and demographic information are reported monthly by participating laboratories to CDC, which summarizes the data and disseminates the results. (cdc.gov)
During 1970--2005, a total of 52,812 enterovirus detections were reported to NESS (29,772 of them during 1983--2005). (cdc.gov)
Enterovirus detections had prominent summer-fall seasonality, with June--October accounting for 77.9% of reports with known month of specimen collection. (cdc.gov)

In very young babies, enterovirus can, on rare occasions, lead to a severe complication called myocarditis - which causes inflammation of the heart," Ladhani said. (politifact.com)

Readers might wonder why a virus that causes respiratory illness is called an enterovirus. (virology.ws)

We report on the first identification of Enterovirus C105 (EV-C105) in New Zealand from a 52-year-old male hospitalized with mild respiratory tract symptoms. (who.int)
Each week, all enterovirus identification results are reported to ESR and then collated and published nationally. (who.int)
1 In addition, untyped enteroviruses are referred to ESR for further identification. (who.int)

Enteroviruses are the cause of many illnesses including the common cold. (dermnetnz.org)

Meningitis is the term used to describe the Enteroviruses are responsible for approxima- inflammation of the brain meninges, and it is the tely 90% of cases of aseptic meningitis. (bvsalud.org)

EV-D68 probably does not replicate in the human intestinal tract because the virus is inactivated by low pH . (virology.ws)
Once someone is infected, the enteroviruses implant and replicate in the alimentary tract. (dermnetnz.org)

Human parasites are organisms that live on or in a person and derive nutrients from that person (its host). (msdmanuals.com)

Human enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) causes hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). (org.in)
Agents that are associated with human disease which is rarely serious and for which preventive or therapeutic interventions are often available. (montana.edu)
We utilized the electronic database of the Taiwan National Infectious Disease Statistics System and extracted incidences of COVID-19, influenza virus, enterovirus, and all-cause pneumonia. (jmir.org)
However, after not reporting any Enterovirus D-68 (EV-D68) cases in weeks, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported an additional 28 EV-D68 cases Thursday, bringing the national total of confirmed cases by the CDC and the states to 1,149 people in 48 states and the District of Columbia. (outbreaknewstoday.com)

Typing of human enteroviruses by partial sequencing of VP1. (medscape.com)
Enterovirus genotyping was performed by partial sequencing of the VP1 region of the enterovirus genome. (who.int)

It was first identified in California in 1962 but since then was only rarely reported in the United States compared to other non-polio enteroviruses. (montana.edu)
Subsequently named enterovirus D68, it has been rarely reported in the United States (there were 79 isolations from 2009-2013). (virology.ws)

On the basis of its physical, chemical, and biological properties, the virus was classified as an enterovirus in the picornavirus family. (virology.ws)
PeV share the same taxonomic family with enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)

3 In 2012, the virus was assigned as EV-C105 because subsequent sequencing showed that it had only 74.7% nucleotide and 82.5% amino acid identity to EV-109, thus satisfying the criteria for assignment of a new enterovirus serotype. (who.int)

A descriptive study was conducted based on data from a CSF reference service, located in São Paulo, Brazil, on 202 individuals who had enterovirus meningitis. (bvsalud.org)

Enterovirus specific RNA sequences were detected in 4 of 6 cases (0 of 6 controls). (news-medical.net)

Enterovirus groups are differentiated based on host specificity. (medscape.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms15

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs10

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes11

Disciplines and Occupations3

Information Science4

Health Care6

Geographicals2

Picornaviridae7

Viruses21

Infections14

Poliovirus3

Genus2

Serotypes7

National Enterovirus Surveillance System2

Rhinoviruses and Enteroviruses1

Infection11

Rhinovirus1

Viral3

Presence of enterovirus2

Positive for enterovirus1

Species7

Parechovirus4

Acute2

Coxsackievirus A161

Coronavirus1

Cerebrospinal fluid1

Antibodies2

Infect1

Monoclonal Antibody1

Outbreak1

Febrile1

EV712

Clinical1

Laboratory2

Molecular1

Primers1

Diseases3

Genotypes1

Detection2

Detections3

Myocarditis1

Respiratory Illness1

Identification3

Illnesses1

Aseptic meningitis1

Replicate2

Organisms1

Disease4

Partial2

Rarely2

Family2

Assignment1

Descriptive1

Sequences1

Specificity1