Human monocytes. Medical search. Frequent questions

99% of all CD14 positive monocytes express CD163 and that monocyte derived dendritic cells express low levels of CD163. (nih.gov)
Monocyte yield and viability along with MDDC viability, proliferation and CD11c/CD14 surface marker expression will be compared between both methods. (jove.com)
cDNA prepared from freshly isolated human CD14 monocytes from a single donor. (3hbiomedical.com)
We show that the monocyte:macrophage balance is disrupted in colon inflammation to favour recruitment of CD14 + HLA-DR Int cells in humans, and Ly6C Hi monocytes in mice. (frontiersin.org)
Previous studies have shown the accumulation of human CD14 Hi or CD14 + HLA-DR Int cells in the GI tract lamina propria (LP) during inflammation ( 2 , 6 , 11 - 14 ). (frontiersin.org)
Monocytes derived from either of these lineages consist of two main types: (1) classical "inflammatory" monocytes that are CCR2 + Ly6C hi in mice and CD14 + CD16 − in humans, and (2) non-classical "patrolling" monocytes that are CCR2 lo Ly6C lo in mice and CD14 lo CD16 + in humans. (frontiersin.org)
Today, three types of monocytes are recognized in human blood: The classical monocyte is characterized by high level expression of the CD14 cell surface receptor (CD14++ CD16− monocyte) The non-classical monocyte shows low level expression of CD14 and additional co-expression of the CD16 receptor (CD14+CD16++ monocyte). (wikipedia.org)
The intermediate monocyte expresses high levels of CD14 and low levels of CD16 (CD14++CD16+ monocytes). (wikipedia.org)
While in humans the level of CD14 expression can be used to differentiate non-classical and intermediate monocytes, the slan (6-Sulfo LacNAc) cell surface marker was shown to give an unequivocal separation of the two cell types. (wikipedia.org)
As CD14(hi)CD64(hi) monocytes have higher proliferative potential than CD14(hi)CD64(lo) monocytes, the surface marker profile on 4 subsets defined by CD14 and CD64 was measured. (ox.ac.uk)
Monocytes were isolated by CD14⁺ magnetic beads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of RA and stimulated by LPS for 24 hours. (curehunter.com)
The highest level of TLR2, TLR4, and TREM-1 surface expression was observed in CD14 hi CD16 + monocyte subpopulation, confirming its proinflammatory profile. (hindawi.com)
Periodontitis-associated pathogens P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans activate human CD14(+) monocytes leading to enhanced Th17/IL-17 responses. (bvsalud.org)
The monocytes were subdivided into classical (CD14 ++CD16 -), intermediate (CD14 ++CD16 +), and nonclassical (CD14 -CD16 +) monocytes. (lu.se)

We found that treatment with these septapeptides strongly and rapidly downregulated the multiplication of DENV-1 16007, DENV-3 16562, and DENV-4 1036 but not that of DENV-2 16681 in primary human monocytes. (unboundmedicine.com)
To address this issue, here we characterize the long non-coding RNA transcriptome in primary human monocytes using RNA sequencing. (bath.ac.uk)
However, SWCNT suppressed chemotaxis of primary human monocytes in a standard chemotaxis assay. (cdc.gov)

Sensing of fungi by monocytes triggers signaling pathways that mediate direct effects like phagocytosis and cytokine production. (frontiersin.org)
Monocytes can perform phagocytosis using intermediary (opsonising) proteins such as antibodies or complement that coat the pathogen, as well as by binding to the microbe directly via pattern recognition receptors that recognize pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
Impaired Phagocytosis Directs Human Monocyte Activation in Response to" by Giorgio Camilli, Elif Eren et al. (etsu.edu)
Remarkably, whether phagocytosis of fungal β-glucan leads to an inflammatory response in human monocytes remains to be established. (etsu.edu)
Mechanism involved in interleukin-21-induced phagocytosis in human monocytes and macrophages Clinical & Experimental Immunology , vol. 187 , nº 2. (inrs.ca)
Previously, we reported that IL-21 enhances Fc gamma receptor (FcRγ)-mediated phagocytosis in human monocytes and in human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) and identified Syk as a novel molecular target of IL-21. (inrs.ca)
Unlike its ability to enhance phagocytosis of opsonized sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), IL-21 did not promote phagocytosis of Escherichia coli and zymosan by monocytes and did not alter the cell surface expression of CD16, CD32 and CD64. (inrs.ca)

Calculations from these data showed that at least 75% of the migrating monocytes have different receptors for all three attractants. (uni-regensburg.de)
There are at least three subclasses of monocytes in human blood based on their phenotypic receptors. (wikipedia.org)
state that the "intermediate" monocyte population is likely to be a unique subpopulation of monocytes, as opposed to a developmental step, due to their comparatively high expression of surface receptors involved in reparative processes (including vascular endothelial growth factor receptors type 1 and 2, CXCR4, and Tie-2) as well as evidence that the "intermediate" subset is specifically enriched in the bone marrow. (wikipedia.org)
These data indicate that high-affinity Fc receptors are expressed on less mature monocytes and that FcɛRIα(+) monocytes are developmentally antecedent to the canonical classical and intermediate monocyte subsets. (ox.ac.uk)
Simultaneous stimulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) activating receptor on monocytes results in the amplification of the inflammatory signal and multiple increase in proinflammatory cytokine production. (hindawi.com)
The dynamics of those receptors expression on monocyte surface of patients with uncomplicated SIRS course followed coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) was studied. (hindawi.com)

Previous reports have indicated that CD163 is highly expressed on human macrophages, but found on less than 50% of peripheral blood monocytes. (nih.gov)
Only 20 to 40% of human blood monocytes were capable of responding to chemotaxins in vitro. (uni-regensburg.de)
However, it is not clear how gut macrophages, relative to recruited blood monocytes and other myeloid cells, contribute to the intestinal inflammatory milieu, nor how macrophages and their monocyte precursors mediate recruitment of other immune cells to the inflamed intestine. (frontiersin.org)
In addition, we identify that murine blood monocytes receive systemic signals enabling increased release of IL-1β prior to egress from the blood into the colon. (frontiersin.org)
It has recently been shown that murine intestinal macrophages are continually repopulated from circulating blood monocytes, identified by expression of the cell surface markers Ly6C, CCR2, and CD62L ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Results from murine studies ( 2 ) combined with the observation of radiolabelled blood monocytes in the inflamed intestinal mucosa of IBD patients ( 15 ), indicate that increased LP inflammatory mononuclear cells are a result of monocyte recruitment, rather than expansion of a tissue resident macrophage population. (frontiersin.org)
TPT suppressed the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and miR-155 in LPS-stimulated peripheral blood monocytes from RA patients. (curehunter.com)
The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human peripheral blood monocytes is in a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml. (watson-int.cn)

This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1). (uscnk.com)
No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) and analogues was observed. (uscnk.com)
Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of recombinant Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) in samples. (uscnk.com)
Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively. (uscnk.com)
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) were tested on 3 different plates, 8 replicates in each plate. (uscnk.com)
The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) and their serial dilutions. (uscnk.com)
The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1). (uscnk.com)
Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1). (uscnk.com)
After TMB substrate solution is added, only those wells that contain Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1), biotin-conjugated antibody and enzyme-conjugated Avidin will exhibit a change in color. (uscnk.com)
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (scalegen.com)
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Monocyte Chemotactic Protein 1 (MCP1) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (scalegen.com)
Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Pig monocyte chemotactic protein 1, MCP1 in samples from serum, plasma. (scalegen.com)
Human CCL8, also known as monocyte chemotactic protein 2 (MCP-2), is belonging to the CC chemokine family. (watson-int.cn)

The first clear description of monocyte subsets by flow cytometry dates back to the late 1980s, when a population of CD16-positive monocytes was described. (wikipedia.org)
Within monocyte heterogeneity, subsets represent discrete, well-characterized phenotypes. (ox.ac.uk)
In this study, we investigated granulocyte and monocyte subsets in a large cohort of AAV patients with emphasis on disease activity and tendency to relapse. (lu.se)

Monocytes and their derivatives, including macrophages and dendritic cells, play diverse roles in the response to fungal pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
Our data suggest that periodontal pathogens can activate monocytes , resulting in increased IL-17 production by human CD4(+) T cells , a process that appears enhanced in patients with PD. (bvsalud.org)
Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae and Argasidae) transmit multiple and diverse pathogens (including bacteria, protozoa, and viruses), which cause a wide range of human and animal diseases, including rickettsial diseases, caused by bacteria in the order Rickettsiales. (cdc.gov)

We have assessed the in vitro responses of U937 human monocytes to chronic exposure (4 weeks) to Cr (VI) ions at concentrations which have been measured in patients with metal artificial hip implants (0.05-0.5 μM). (strath.ac.uk)
This study compares two different methods of human monocyte isolation for obtaining in vitro dendritic cells (DCs). (jove.com)
The overall goal of this study is to compare two different methods of human monocyte isolation for dendritic cell generation in vitro and to characterize the CT11c, CT14 cell surface expression of the resulting monocyte derived populations by imaging flow cytometry. (jove.com)
In vitro, monocytes can differentiate into dendritic cells by adding the cytokines granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin 4. (wikipedia.org)
Newly developed tracers will be evaluated in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo in an animal model of MS. A successful PET tracer will contribute to a better understanding of monocyte infiltration in disease in vivo and could ultimately serve as an important tool to guide drug development and evaluate novel disease-modifying therapies and therapies inhibiting monocyte infiltration. (europa.eu)
Addition of Pg or Aa to monocyte /CD4(+) T-cell co-cultures promoted a Th17/ IL-17 response in vitro in a dose - and time -dependent manner. (bvsalud.org)
In vitro , Pg induced significantly higher IL-17 production in anti-CD3 mAb-stimulated monocyte /CD4(+) T-cell co-cultures from patients with PD compared to healthy controls. (bvsalud.org)
To determine whether SWCNT affect viability or function of macrophages, important components of the innate immune system, we performed in vitro studies using primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM). (cdc.gov)

Monocytes are mononuclear cells and the ellipsoidal nucleus is often lobulated/indented, causing a bean-shaped or kidney-shaped appearance. (wikipedia.org)
AcceGen offers Human Peripheral Blood Pan Monocytes (Untouched) isolated from normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using negative immunomagnetic selection (Kopelsonclinic). (accegen.com)
Previously we have demonstrated that PCT is expressed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (biomedcentral.com)

they can expand in response to injury through the recruitment of circulating monocytes from blood 14 . (nature.com)

Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) drive the inflammatory response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and they are a major source of eicosanoids in airway inflammation. (nature.com)
Triptolide inhibits the inflammatory response of monocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients by regulating miR-155]. (curehunter.com)
TPT suppressed the expression of miR-155 and up-regulated the release of SHIP-1, thus inhibiting the inflammatory response in the LPS-stimulated monocytes of RA patients. (curehunter.com)

D. Bruder, E. , O. Richards, J. , M. Michel, K. and Oaks, M. (2016) Differential Effects of Alternative Glycoforms of IgG on Human Monocytes and Macrophages: Sialylated IgG Induces Novel Expression Signatures of Cell Surface Markers, Cytokines, and Chemokines. (scirp.org)
the influence of these cytokines on monocyte subset transition was also measured. (ox.ac.uk)
Here, we observed that HDL isolated from healthy individuals inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines by peripheral monocytes stimulated with a Toll-like receptor 2 agonist. (lww.com)
Monocytes are the main source of cytokines in the early inflammatory phase. (hindawi.com)

Sia + IgG induced increased expression of CD80 and dendritic cell immunoreceptor (DCIR) on monocytes, whereas the expression of HLA-DR was decreased. (scirp.org)
Monocytes can develop from either a granulocyte-monocyte progenitor (GMP) or a monocyte-dendritic cell progenitor (MDP). (frontiersin.org)
Common myeloid progenitor (CMP), granulocyte progenitor (GP), monocyte-committed progenitor (MP), common monocyte progenitor (cMoP), common dendritic cell progenitor (CDP), conventional dendritic cell (cDC), plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC). (frontiersin.org)
In general, monocytes and their macrophage and dendritic cell progeny serve three main functions in the immune system. (wikipedia.org)

We have previously shown that the sialic acid-containing (Sia + ) fraction of intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) influences cell surface marker expression and cytokine/ chemokine secretion during the differentiation and maturation of human dendritic cells (DC). (scirp.org)
The main advantage of these protocols is that they facilitate the isolation of human monocytes and their differentiation into viable and functional monocyte derived cells. (jove.com)
Among cardiac macrophage subtypes, WWP2 dysfunction primarily affects Ly6c high monocytes via modulating Ccl5, and consequentially macrophage infiltration and activation, which contributes to reduced myofibroblast trans -differentiation. (nature.com)
Monocyte development and differentiation pathways. (frontiersin.org)
Aside from their differentiation capacity, monocytes can also directly regulate immune responses. (wikipedia.org)

In addition, this is the first study to characterize the specific population of monocyte derived dendritic cells by single cell imaging flow cytometry. (jove.com)

Human CD38, a surface molecule expressed by immature and activated T and B lymphocytes, has been characterized as a molecule transducing activation and proliferation signals, and intervening in adhesion to endothelium via its ligand CD31. (nih.gov)
These cells include a subset of helper T lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages. (cdc.gov)

Next to the response of microglia, the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), infiltration of monocytes from the blood occurs, but the exact role of monocyte infiltration and the interplay between microglia and monocytes in vivo is still largely unknown. (europa.eu)
In this study, we sought to understand the role of monocyte characteristics that are critical in the establishment of the HIV reservoir. (hawaii.edu)

Inflammatory monocytes (CX3CR1low, CCR2pos, Ly6Chigh, PD-L1neg), which are equivalent to human classical CD14++ CD16− monocytes and resident monocytes (CX3CR1high, CCR2neg, Ly6Clow, PD-L1pos), which are equivalent to human non-classical CD14+ CD16+ monocytes. (wikipedia.org)

In mice, monocytes can be divided in two subpopulations. (wikipedia.org)
As explained before, they can differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells, but the different monocyte subpopulations can also exert specific functions on their own. (wikipedia.org)
In conclusion, AAV patients exhibit a skewing of different neutrophil and monocyte subpopulations that are associated with disease subtypes, disease activity, rituximab treatment, and propensity to relapse. (lu.se)

Interleukin-21 (IL-21) was first identified in 2000 through screening of a cDNA library from CD3+ human T cells [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
The levels of tumor-necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in monocytes were detected by ELISA and the expression of miR-155 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) in monocytes before and after the treatment of TPT at different concentrations. (curehunter.com)
Human monocyte or recombinant interleukin 1's are specific for the secretion of a metalloproteinase from chondrocytes. (ucdenver.edu)
In contrast to interleukin-8 and interleukin-6, the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was capable of inducing steatosis in hepatocytes in a time-dependent manner at concentrations similar to those found in conditioned medium. (unige.ch)

Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell. (wikipedia.org)
They are the largest type of leukocyte in blood and can differentiate into macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells. (wikipedia.org)

However, we know less about the biological effects of IL-21 and its signaling mechanisms in leukemia cells and monocytes. (intechopen.com)
These monocytes isolation protocols can contribute to the development of reliable methods for the purification of human dendritic cells for research and clinical applications. (jove.com)
To isolate monocytes by the adherence method, culture five times 10 to the seven cells of the resulting PBMC pellet per 10 milliliters of complete medium in a new T75 flask for two hours at 37 degrees celsius and five percent carbon dioxide in a humidified incubator. (jove.com)
Recent evidence implicates monocytes/macrophages in the etiopathology of cardiac fibrosis, but giving their heterogeneity and the antagonizing roles of macrophage subtypes in fibrosis, targeting these cells has been challenging. (nature.com)
By using single cell RNA sequencing analysis of immune cells in the same model, we establish the functional heterogeneity of macrophages and define an early pro-fibrogenic phase of NICM that is driven by Ccl5- expressing Ly6c high monocytes. (nature.com)
Human monocyte chemotaxis: migrating cells are a subpopulation with multiple chemotaxin specificities on each cell. (uni-regensburg.de)
Further, once within the colon and relative to other myeloid cells, monocytes represent the dominant local source of both IL-1β and TNF. (frontiersin.org)
In some instances, fungi have developed mechanisms to evade the consequences of monocyte activation and subvert these cells to promote disease. (frontiersin.org)
Upon entering affected tissues, classical monocytes can further differentiate into macrophages and monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). (frontiersin.org)
Macrophages that differentiate from monocytes in the adult bone marrow are distinguished from tissue resident macrophages (e.g., alveolar macrophages, glial cells) that originally derive from fetal yolk sac progenitor cells or monocytes from the fetal liver ( Hoeffel and Ginhoux, 2018 ). (frontiersin.org)
Classical "inflammatory" monocytes can give rise to non-classical "patrolling" monocytes or further differentiate into macrophages or monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs). (frontiersin.org)
Monocytes are produced by the bone marrow from precursors called monoblasts, bipotent cells that differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
Monocytes circulate in the bloodstream for about one to three days and then typically migrate into tissues throughout the body where they differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells. (wikipedia.org)
Monocytes are mechanically active cells and migrate from blood to an inflammatory site to perform their functions. (wikipedia.org)
Monocytes are also capable of killing infected host cells via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (wikipedia.org)
Such monocyte-derived cells do, however, retain the signature of monocytes in their transcriptome and they cluster with monocytes and not with bona fide dendritic cells. (wikipedia.org)
The product labels T cells, B cells, NK cells and granulocytes, while the negatively isolated human monocytes are left in the sample. (pluriselect.com)
Here we show a significant impact of HMIP variability on several types of peripheral blood cells: erythrocyte, platelet, and monocyte counts as well as erythrocyte volume and hemoglobin content in healthy individuals of European ancestry. (ox.ac.uk)
These three MCPs were found by IL-1-beta triggered human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells. (watson-int.cn)
I will perform comparative gene expression studies and analyze the developmental relationship between TEMs and other monocyte-lineage cells. (europa.eu)
Humans with depression also produce more white blood cells, particularly monocytes. (medscape.com)
The classical definition of MDSCs as immature myeloid cells blocked from differentiating has been challenged by recent studies suggesting that Mo-MDSCs and G-MDSCs may represent monocytes and granulocytes that have acquired immunosuppressive properties. (lu.se)

Here, we investigated ATP-evoked intracellular Ca 2+ responses in human macrophage differentiated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). (uea.ac.uk)

Tissues differentially secrete multiple colony stimulating factors under conditions of homeostasis and inflammation, orientating recruited circulating monocytes to differentiate to macrophage with differing functional phenotypes. (uea.ac.uk)

We also show that IL-10, like glucocorticoids, induces high CD163 expression on cultured human monocytes. (nih.gov)
We investigated the effects of monocyte-activating stimuli (IFN-gamma, IL-2, LPS, TNF-alpha, and GM-CSF) on the expression and function of CD38, starting from the observation that human monocytes and the derived lines U937, THP-1, and Mono-Mac-6 bear the molecule on their surface. (nih.gov)
These findings identify IFN-gamma as a modulator of monocytic CD38 expression and indicate that CD38 plays a specific role in the activation and adhesion processes performed by monocytes. (nih.gov)
The present study examined the effects of Sia + IgG on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived monocyte and macrophage surface marker expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion. (scirp.org)
Instead, CX3CR1-M280/M280 does not affect monocyte CX3CR1 surface expression or innate immune effector functions. (jci.org)
CONCLUSIONS- Collectively, these data suggest that high glucose induces TLR2 and -4 expression via PKC-α and PKC-δ, respectively, by stimulating NADPH oxidase in human monocytes. (diabetesjournals.org)
C and D ) t-SNE plots of monocytes as presented in A colored coded by their expression levels of MHCII (HLA-RB1/HLA-DPB1/HLA-DRA/HLA-DQB1/HLA-DPA1/HLA-DQA1/HLA-DMA/HLA-DRB5/HLA-DQA2 and HLA-DMB) ( C ) or CD74 ( D ) transcripts. (elifesciences.org)
CD74 and MHCII expression increases with culturing time of CD14+ monocytes. (elifesciences.org)
In addition, mRNA expression profiles in human and murine colon samples, and in macrophages and monocytes from healthy and inflamed murine colons, were analysed by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and mRNA microarray. (frontiersin.org)
High-Affinity Fc Receptor Expression Indicates Relative Immaturity in Human Monocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
There was a positive correlation between proliferative monocyte (PM) prevalence and CD64 expression on the classical monocyte subset, and also between PM prevalence and circulating FcɛRIα(+) monocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
Over-expression of miR-155 significantly reversed the down-regulation of TNF-α and IL-6 by TPT in monocytes. (curehunter.com)
TPT up-regulated the expressions of SOCS1 and SHIP-1 in monocytes, but over-expressed miR-155 antagonized the effect of TPT on SHIP-1 while the expression of SOCS1 was not affected. (curehunter.com)
oxLDL was found to significantly increase the expression of ICAM‑1 and VCAM‑1 in ECs under HG conditions whilst also enhancing the adhesion of monocytes to ECs. (spandidos-publications.com)
The increase in TLR2 and TREM-1 expression on the first day after CABG induces proinflammatory and amplification potentials of monocytes in that period. (hindawi.com)
Pg or Aa stimulation of monocytes resulted in increased CD40, CD54 and HLA-DR expression, and enhanced TNF-α, IL-1 ß, IL-6 and IL-23 production . (bvsalud.org)

Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), formerly known as human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which infect granulocytes. (medscape.com)

In addition, we found that IL-21 activates p38, protein kinase B (Akt), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-1 and STAT-3 in monocytes and HMDM. (inrs.ca)
CONCLUSION: The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 secreted by adipose tissue may induce steatosis not only recruiting macrophages but also acting directly on hepatocytes. (unige.ch)

Monocytes can also present fungal antigens to elicit adaptive immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
As a part of the vertebrate innate immune system monocytes also influence adaptive immune responses and exert tissue repair functions. (wikipedia.org)

I will now implement preclinical models, including human hematochimeric mice, that will better assess the safety and feasibility of this new delivery strategy. (europa.eu)

In conclusion, anionic septapeptides exerted anti-DENV activity in human monocytes through the upregulation of innate immune responses and the activation of several previously reported antiviral and inflammation-related miRNAs. (unboundmedicine.com)
This review will highlight the roles of monocytes in the immune response to some of the major fungi that cause invasive human disease, including Aspergillus, Cryptococcus, Candida, Histoplasma, Blastomyces , and Coccidioides , and discuss potential strategies to manipulate monocyte responses in order to enhance anti-fungal immunity in susceptible hosts. (frontiersin.org)
Layhadi, JA & Fountain, SJ 2019, ' ATP-evoked intracellular Ca 2+ responses in M-CSF differentiated human monocyte-derived macrophage are mediated by P2X4 and P2Y11 receptor activation ', International Journal of Molecular Sciences , vol. 20, no. 20, 5113. (uea.ac.uk)
Phagocytic monocytes are key mediators of these early host inflammatory responses to infection. (etsu.edu)

Monocytes can migrate into tissues and replenish resident macrophage populations. (wikipedia.org)
To allow monocyte migration to injured tissues, the balances between secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) must be finely modulated. (unito.it)

We obtained highly purified monocyte sub-populations from the blood of HIV-infected participants on virally suppressive cART and evaluated the viral content and composition using flow cytometric and PCR technologies. (hawaii.edu)
We observed unique HIV viral signatures among the monocyte populations. (hawaii.edu)

OBJECTIVE- Hyperglycemia-induced inflammation is central in diabetes complications, and monocytes are important in orchestrating these effects. (diabetesjournals.org)
Finally, our data reveal that, independent of inflammation, murine colon macrophages act as a major source of Ccl7 and Ccl8 chemokines that trigger further recruitment of their pro-inflammatory monocyte precursors. (frontiersin.org)
Our work suggests that strategies targeting macrophage-mediated monocyte recruitment may represent a promising approach for limiting the chronic inflammation that characterises IBD. (frontiersin.org)
In contrast, murine colon monocytes are pro-inflammatory but infrequent in the steady state, increasing during inflammation ( 2 , 8 - 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
During inflammation or infection, classical monocytes are mobilized from bone marrow reserves in response to chemokines that bind to the CCR2 receptor, such as CCL2 and CCL7 ( Shi and Pamer, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
Endothelial inflammation increases the adhesiveness of monocytes to the endothelium in addition to increasing vascular permeability, promoting diabetic atherogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Thus, SARS-CoV-2 infection leaves an inflammatory imprint in the monocyte/ macrophage compartment that drives aberrant macrophage effector functions and eicosanoid metabolism, resulting in long-term immune aberrations in patients recovering from mild COVID-19. (nature.com)

We identify a pro-fibrogenic macrophage subtype in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, and demonstrate that WWP2 is a key regulator of IRF7-mediated Ccl5/Ly6c high monocyte axis in heart fibrosis. (nature.com)

Treatment with IFN-gamma produced a dose- and time-dependent up-regulation of CD38 in monocytes and monocytic lines, which was paralleled by increased ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase activities. (nih.gov)
It is a vector of several zoonotic diseases, including human monocytic ehrlichiosis and Rocky Mountain spotted fever. (medscape.com)
In contrast, human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is caused by Ehrlichia chaffeensis, which infects monocytes. (medscape.com)

Multiple Sclerosis: Microglia, Monocytes, and Macrophage-Mediated Demyelination. (cdc.gov)

CCL8 has chemotactic function for monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils. (watson-int.cn)
AAV patients displayed increased frequencies of intermediate monocytes, mature and newly released neutrophils, and an expanded population of CD177 + neutrophils compared to HC. (lu.se)
Paired data from 23 patients demonstrated that active disease was associated with an increased frequency of mature neutrophils and a decreased frequency of monocytes, in particular intermediate monocytes. (lu.se)

However, there is evidence that bone marrow-derived monocytes can help replenish the tissue-resident macrophages of specific organs including the gut, the skin, and the heart ( Ginhoux and Guilliams, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)

THP-1 cell data were further confirmed using freshly isolated monocytes from healthy human volunteers ( n = 10). (diabetesjournals.org)

pluriSpin® Human Monocyte Enrichment is designed to isolate pure, viable and untouched monocytes from whole blood, buffy coat, cord blood or similar sample material by negative isolation. (pluriselect.com)

Ca++ was required for Factor VII and VIIa interaction with monocytes (optimal CaC12 concentration greater than or equal to 2.5 mM) and binding was reversed by the addition of EDTA. (jci.org)
However, it remains unclear whether oxLDL‑mediated inflammasome activation can regulate the interaction between monocytes and ECs. (spandidos-publications.com)
These results suggest that rosmarinic acid can exert a protective effect against oxLDL‑mediated endothelial dysfunction under HG conditions by reducing the interaction between monocytes and ECs in addition to preventing monocyte diapedesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Although the biological activities of IL-21 and its cell signalling events have been largely studied in immunocytes, its interaction with human monocytes and macrophages have been neglected. (inrs.ca)

Finally, rituximab treatment was associated with increased frequencies of classical and intermediate monocytes. (lu.se)

Thus, monocytes are critically involved in mediating the outcomes of these often highly fatal infections. (frontiersin.org)

We translated this finding by showing that the dysfunctional CX3CR1 variant CX3CR1-M280 was associated with increased risk and worse outcome of human systemic candidiasis. (jci.org)

Sustained monocyte activation, induced by fungal β-glucan particles upon actin cytoskeleton disruption, relies on Dectin-1 and results in the classical caspase-1 inflammasome formation through NLRP3, generation of an oxidative burst, NF-κB activation, and increased inflammatory cytokine release. (etsu.edu)

However, their role in the human innate immune response, which provides the initial defence against infection, is largely unexplored. (bath.ac.uk)
We predict that lncRNAs can be important regulators of the human innate immune response. (bath.ac.uk)

Here we focus on WWP2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that acts as a positive genetic regulator of human and murine cardiac fibrosis, and show that myeloid specific deletion of WWP2 reduces cardiac fibrosis in hypertension-induced NICM. (nature.com)

Although they can be derived from monocytes, a large proportion is already formed prenatally in the yolk sac and foetal liver. (wikipedia.org)

Characterization of the lympho-neutrophil/monocyte. (ubc.ca)

and 5) anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum ( 2 ), also called human granulocytic anaplasmosis. (cdc.gov)

Furthermore, CD38 ligation by specific MoAb reduced the IFN-gamma-dependent enhancement of monocyte-dynamic adhesion to endothelial monolayers. (nih.gov)
Subsequently, rosmarinic acid treatment significantly reversed oxLDL‑induced overexpression of adhesion molecules and monocyte‑EC adhesion, oxLDL‑induced endothelial junction hyperpermeability and monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer under HG conditions, in a dose‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)
Monocytes were obtained by differential adhesion to plastic surface and cultivated for 12 h with or without 10 μg/ml lipopolysaccharide E. coli B4 . (biomedcentral.com)
Dysferlin Regulates Cell Adhesion in Human Monocytes. (bvsalud.org)

Our data extended prior observations of Sia + IgG on DC function and showed that Sia + IgG was able to differentially modulate multiple pathways in monocytes and macrophages. (scirp.org)
These monocyte-mediated pathways may be either beneficial or harmful to the host. (frontiersin.org)

We identified WT (CX3CR1-WT/WT), CX3CR1-WT/M280 heterozygous, and CX3CR1-M280/M280 homozygous healthy donors of European descent, and we show that CX3CL1 rescues serum starvation-induced cell death in CX3CR1-WT/WT and CX3CR1-WT/M280 but not in CX3CR1-M280/M280 monocytes. (jci.org)
CD74 and MHCII cell-surface levels in HCMV- infected monocytes inversely-correlate with viral transcript levels. (elifesciences.org)
A ) HCMV- infected monocytes were FACS sorted according to cell-surface levels of CD74 or MHCII, at 3dpi. (elifesciences.org)
With a diameter of 15-22 μm, monocytes are the largest cell type in peripheral blood. (wikipedia.org)
Interestingly OLNs, not displaying toxicity to human monocytes after cell internalization, effectively counteracted hypoxia, restoring a normoxia-like MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio. (unito.it)
Conditioned medium of human WAT explants induced significant steatosis in hepatocyte cell lines. (unige.ch)
These results support the notion that changes of F-cell abundance can be an indicator of more general shifts in hematopoietic patterns in humans. (ox.ac.uk)
Single-walled carbon nanotube s impair human macrophage engulfment of apoptotic cell corpses. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy28

Organisms10

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs152

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes42

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

CD1414

Primary human monocytes3

Phagocytosis7

Receptors6

Blood monocytes8

Chemotactic Protein15

Subsets3

Pathogens3

Vitro8

Mononuclear cells3

Recruitment of circulati1

Inflammatory response3

Cytokines4

Dendritic cell4

Differentiation5

Flow Cytometry1

Lymphocytes2

Role of monocyte2

CD161

Subpopulations3

Interleukin4

Type of leukocyte2

Cells22

Macrophage-colony1

Differentiate1

Expression16

Granulocytes1

Protein2

Adaptive immune responses2

Mice1

Responses4

Tissues2

Populations2

Inflammation6

Metabolism1

Ly6c1

Monocytic3

Microglia1

Neutrophils3

Bone marrow1

Freshly isolated1

Viable1

Interaction4

Classical and intermediate1

Critically involved1

Systemic1

Cytokine1

Innate immune2

Murine1

Yolk sac1

Characterization1

Granulocytic anaplasmosis1

Adhesion4

Pathways2

Cell8