• According to phylogenetic analysis of specific genes, the family Alloherpesviridae seems to be subdivided into 2 clades ( 6 ) ( Figure 2 , panel B). The first clade comprises anguillid and cyprinid herpesviruses, which possess the largest genomes in the order Herpesvirales (245-295 kb). (cdc.gov)
  • The availability of hundreds of bacterial genomes allowed a comparative genomic study of the Type VI Secretion System (T6SS), recently discovered as being involved in pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 3. How do bacterial genomes change during the course of chronic infections? (drexel.edu)
  • Of note, the genes encoding these effectors and immunity proteins are widely distributed in Salmonella genomes, suggesting a relevant role in interbacterial competition and virulence. (frontiersin.org)
  • All archaeal and many bacterial genomes contain Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindrome Repeats (CRISPR) and variable arrays of the CRISPR-associated ( cas ) genes that have been previously implicated in a novel form of DNA repair on the basis of comparative analysis of their protein product sequences. (biomedcentral.com)
  • genomes may elucidate genes that are unique to those species of spirochetes associated with ticks. (cdc.gov)
  • The bacterial pathogens within the RSSC produce exopolysaccharide (EPS), a highly complicated nitrogen-containing heteropolymeric polysaccharide, as a major virulence factor. (ppjonline.org)
  • These results indicate that the NDP-sugar epimerase gene is required for EPS production and bacterial virulence in R. pseudosolanacearum . (ppjonline.org)
  • This pathway, called "natural transformation," is a major mechanism of gene transfer across bacteria and has a profound effect on genome evolution, including spreading antibiotic resistances and other virulence determinants. (drexel.edu)
  • The long-term goal of this research is to apply statistical genomic approaches developed by human geneticists to the identification of bacterial virulence factors that contribute to disease in natural populations. (drexel.edu)
  • We are applying a variety of genomic methods to identifying putative virulence genes, including machine learning and phylogenetic correlated evolution methods. (drexel.edu)
  • The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
  • The Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) is a multiprotein device that has emerged as an important fitness and virulence factor for many Gram-negative bacteria through the injection of effector proteins into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via a contractile mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
  • The transcription factor AmrZ utilizes multiple DNA binding modes to recognize activator and repressor sequences of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes. (wakehealth.edu)
  • AmrZ beta-sheet residues are essential for DNA binding and transcriptional control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence genes. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The targets of the Structural GenomiX (SGX) bacterial genomics project were proteins conserved in multiple prokaryotic organisms with no obvious sequence homolog in the Protein Data Bank of known structures. (rcsb.org)
  • 2. The assembly of MreB, a prokaryotic homolog of actin. (hasenchat.info)
  • It is proposed that unique inserts of CRISPR, some of which are homologous to fragments of bacteriophage and plasmid genes, function as prokaryotic siRNAs (psiRNA), by base-pairing with the target mRNAs and promoting their degradation or translation shutdown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The human homolog is PCSK4. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stephen Kowalczykowski (University of California, Davis, USA) described for the first time the purification of this impressive 3,418-amino-acid protein and reported that it binds RAD51 (the human homolog of bacterial RecA) and promotes RAD51 assembly onto single-stranded DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The papers are split about evenly on the subject, but I personally find the evidence in favor of (b) to be more compelling (particularly since we know of an actual example of a secretion system evolving from bacterial flagella, namely, the Buchnera homolog of the flagellar system). (evcforum.net)
  • Dissecting the bacterial type VI secretion system by a genome wide in silico analysis: what can be learned from available microbial genomic resources? (biomedcentral.com)
  • Among several EPS-defective mutants, we identified a mutant, SL341P4, with a Tn5-insertion in a gene encoding a putative NDP-sugar epimerase, a putative membrane protein with sugar-modifying moiety, in a reverse orientation to EPS biosynthesis gene cluster. (ppjonline.org)
  • A putative regulatory gene ( mrkE ) located upstream of mrkA has been described previously in Klebsiella pneumoniae [ 37 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Twenty eight (46.7%) of the proteins encoded by this virus exhibit sequence similarity to coliphage T7 proteins while 34 (81.0%) are similar to proteins of Pseudomonas phage gh-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Today, phage genome sequencing is commonly performed for classification and characterization purposes and is based on the arrangement of conserved genes and the nucleotide and protein sequence identity [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The association of the cas genes with CRISPR and, especially, the presence, in CRISPR units, of unique inserts homologous to phage and plasmid genes make us abandon this hypothesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we reported the first Oceanospirillum phage, vB_OliS_GJ44, which was assembled into a 33,786 bp linear dsDNA genome, which includes abundant tail-related and recombinant proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Homologs of several vB_OliS_GJ44 genes have mostly been found in marine metagenomes, suggesting the prevalence of this phage genus in the oceans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
  • Thus, this study illustrates a web of mechanisms involved in controlling expression of genes encoding multidrug efflux pumps. (lsu.edu)
  • By activating the expression of genes whose products are required for metamorphosis, ecdysone and EcR-USP are essential for the reorganization of flies' body plans before emerging from pupal cases as adults. (sdbonline.org)
  • Bioinformatic and comparative genomic analyses allowed us to identify genes encoding three candidate antibacterial effectors located within SPI-6 and two candidate effectors located within SPI-19. (frontiersin.org)
  • Comparative-genomic analysis of CRISPR and cas genes leads to the hypothesis that the CRISPR-Cas system (CASS) is a mechanism of defense against invading phages and plasmids that functions analogously to the eukaryotic RNA interference (RNAi) systems. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA repair proteins such as MutY and NEIL, among the targets of research of the David Lab, help catalyze necessary repair of oxidative DNA damage, and are critical to maintaining genomic integrity in organisms living in the oxygen-rich environment of Earth. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Actin is a ubiquitous protein involved in the formation of filaments that are major components of the cytoskeleton. (hasenchat.info)
  • The protein is highly conserved, and forms a huge variety of structure in cells in concert with a huge numbers of actin binding proteins. (hasenchat.info)
  • It has been shown that an ATPase domain of actin shares similarity with ATPase domains of hexokinase and hsp70 proteins. (hasenchat.info)
  • MreB, a major component of the bacterial cytoskeleton, exhibits high structural homology to its eukaryotic counterpart actin. (hasenchat.info)
  • Further it has been suggested that members of the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases have emerged as key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, and through their interaction with multiple target proteins, they ensure coordinated control of other cellular activities such as gene transcription and adhesion. (hasenchat.info)
  • Keap1 is a cysteine-rich protein, known to be anchored to actin cytoskeleton [ 5 ], serving as an adaptor protein for the Cul3-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. (springer.com)
  • The findings, published in PNAS, offer a new way of identifying the role of genes in unrelated species and could lead to new ways to fight intestinal bacterial infections. (news-medical.net)
  • In 2016, Dr. Orth and her colleagues used biophysics to characterize the structure of two proteins called VtrA and VtrC complex that work in concert in a bacterial species known as Vibrio parahaemolyticus. (news-medical.net)
  • When the researchers searched for proteins with similar structural features in other organisms, they found homologs for VtrC in several other enteric bacteria species responsible for human disease, including Yersinia pestis (which causes the bubonic plague) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (which causes a tropical infection called melioidosis). (news-medical.net)
  • The genes encoding T6SS have been reported a few years ago as being present in different bacterial species, although it was not clear at that time whether those genes act together or are important in bacteria-host interactions [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent reports demonstrated the importance of T6SS in pathogenesis of several bacterial species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) is a soil borne plant pathogen causing bacterial wilt on various important crops, including Solanaceae plants. (ppjonline.org)
  • Number F2 offspring were modelled with Poisson error distribution corrected for overdispersion, with dam and sire (IDs of the specific bacterial species, genes, and exhibited excellent peroxidatic activity, suggesting that these lines have been evolving separately for more than 50 generations of common garden rearing (i. (cre8tivepixels.com)
  • It is the most abundant protein in the typical eukaryotic cell, accounting for about 15% in some cell types. (hasenchat.info)
  • While some effector proteins specifically target bacterial or eukaryotic cells, others can target both types of cells (trans-kingdom effectors). (frontiersin.org)
  • Specific functional analogies are drawn between several components of CASS and proteins involved in eukaryotic RNAi, including the double-stranded RNA-specific helicase-nuclease (dicer), the endonuclease cleaving target mRNAs (slicer), and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are two major, distinct forms of regulatory small RNAs involved in eukaryotic gene silencing: small interfering (si) RNAs and micro (mi) RNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • OstR is a dimeric protein harboring six cysteine residues. (lsu.edu)
  • Notably, the three cysteine residues (Cys-3, -4 and -169) contribute differentially to the structural stability of OstR. (lsu.edu)
  • A particular challenge is the synthesis of oligosaccharyltransferases (OSTs), which catalyze the attachment of glycans to specific amino acid residues in target proteins. (biorxiv.org)
  • The fACCD were found 16.18-82.47 kDa proteins having 149-750 amino acid residues. (springeropen.com)
  • Essential amino acid residues in the single-stranded DNA-binding protein of bacteriophage T7. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The two domains have high structural homology despite minimal sequence homology. (unl.edu)
  • The ostR gene is divergently oriented from genes encoding a hypothetical protein (Hyp) and an RND transporter and adjacent to a gene encoding an EmrB transporter. (lsu.edu)
  • Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Regulators (MarRs) are DNA binding proteins involved in bacterial survival and pathogenesis. (lsu.edu)
  • 2. Can natural transformation be exploited to map pathogenesis genes? (drexel.edu)
  • Newer work is using the same approach to map the genes responsible for natural variation in other pathogenesis traits, including resistance to human complement-mediated killing, as well as investigating the possibility of identifying genes involved in in vivo pathogenesis in an animal model of otitis media. (drexel.edu)
  • The outcome of this work was 80 structures, covering 60 unique sequences and 49 different genes. (rcsb.org)
  • An automated tool was developed to deposit these structures in the Protein Data Bank, along with the associated X-ray diffraction data (including refined experimental phases) and experimentally confirmed sequences. (rcsb.org)
  • BLAST comparisons of the SGX structures with structures that had appeared in the Protein Data Bank over the intervening 3.5 years since the SGX target list had been compiled identified homologs for 49 of the 60 unique sequences represented by the SGX structures. (rcsb.org)
  • AlphaFold showed that a protein called ToxS in V. cholerae is very similar in structure to VtrC, even though the two proteins did not share any recognizable portions of their genetic sequences. (news-medical.net)
  • Furthermore, nucleotide sequences related to the cluster vanHAX are present in this DNA, suggesting that the prolonged use of avoparcin in agriculture led to the uptake of glycopeptide resistance genes by animal commensal bacteria, which were subsequently transferred to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Mitochondria import nuclearly-encoded proteins, made in the cell cytoplasm, into the mitochondrial matrix where their mitochondrial targeting sequences are removed by proteolysis. (tcdb.org)
  • Bacteria also export (to the periplasm) N-tails of membrane proteins synthesized without leader sequences by a Sec (Type IIPS)-independent mechanism. (tcdb.org)
  • The majority of sequences grouped in clade A, which was represented by the mrk gene cluster from the genome sequenced K. pneumoniae MGH78578. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The E. coli and K. pneumoniae mrkABCD gene sequences clustered together in two distinct clades, supporting previous evidence for the occurrence of inter-genera lateral gene transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since the flagellar filament is external to the cell membrane, this poses an engineering problem: namely, how can we design the flagellum such that a large number of proteins assemble outside the cell? (evcforum.net)
  • What is now clear is that certain membrane lipids can function as messenger signals that regulate cell growth, proliferation, inflammation, and programmed cell death processes, while other membrane lipids appear to cluster together in bilayers to form microdomains that regulate the spatial distribution and lateral interactions of membrane proteins. (umn.edu)
  • Our research focuses on membrane lipids known as sphingolipids and on proteins that interact in non-enzymatic fashion with sphingolipids. (umn.edu)
  • Our research elucidated sphingolipid structural features that regulate their interactions with other membrane lipids and provided insights into the unique physical features at the heart of the lateral organizing functionality of sphingolipid-enriched microdomains. (umn.edu)
  • We have since focused our efforts on specific proteins that can bind and transfer sphingolipids between membrane surfaces and that may help formation and maintain 'raft' microdomains in cells. (umn.edu)
  • Gushchin, I. & Gordeliy, V. in Membrane Protein Complexes: Structure and Function (eds. (nature.com)
  • Oesterhelt, D. & Stoeckenius, W. Rhodopsin-like protein from the purple membrane of Halobacterium halobium . (nature.com)
  • Landau, E. M. & Rosenbusch, J. P. Lipidic cubic phases: a novel concept for the crystallization of membrane proteins. (nature.com)
  • 10% transformation frequency), which reside in genes undergoing strong diversifying selection that encode large membrane proteins, likely as an immune invasion tactic. (drexel.edu)
  • They then export some of these proteins as well some mitochondrially-encoded proteins to the inter membrane space, or they insert them into the inner membrane. (tcdb.org)
  • Insertion of a membrane protein via the Oxa1p export machinery follows the 'positive-inside' rule for membrane protein topology. (tcdb.org)
  • The matrix exposed C-terminal α-helical domain of Oxa1 can bind mitochondrial ribosomes to facilitate co-translational insertion of proteins into the mitochondrial membrane ( Jia et al . (tcdb.org)
  • 2001 ). Mitochondria have two, one for co-translational, and one for post-translational insertion of membrane proteins. (tcdb.org)
  • 2007 ). Several Oxa1-type insertases in the ER serve as catalytically active core subunits in the ER membrane protein complex (EMC), the guided entry of tail-anchored (GET) and the GET- and EMC-like (GEL) complex. (tcdb.org)
  • Mitochondria inherited three inner membrane translocases Sec, TAT and Oxa1 (YidC) from its bacterial ancestor. (tcdb.org)
  • 2022 ). The YidC transmembrane (TM) groove is essential for a high- affinity interaction, and the hydrophilic nature of the YidC groove plays an important role in protein transport across the cytoplasmic membrane bilayer to the periplasmic side. (tcdb.org)
  • At different stages of the insertion process, conformational changes in YidC's TM domain and membrane core have a mechanistic effect on Pf3 coat protein insertion. (tcdb.org)
  • Specifically, by using lipid nanodiscs as cellular membrane mimics, we obtained yields of up to 440 µg/mL for the single-subunit OST enzyme, 'Protein glycosylation B' (PglB) from Campylobacter jejuni , as well as for three additional PglB homologs from Campylobacter coli, Campylobacter lari , and Desulfovibrio gigas . (biorxiv.org)
  • For example, alkaline vacuole/lysosome are deficient in autophagy, Golgi pH regulates its ability to glycosylate proteins and failure to maintain endosomal pH perturbs with its ability to recycle receptors to the Plasma membrane or, the trans-Golgi. (upstate.edu)
  • Using artificial intelligence, UT Southwestern researchers have discovered a new family of sensing genes in enteric bacteria that are linked by structure and probably function, but not genetic sequence. (news-medical.net)
  • Although VtrA shares some structural features with a protein called ToxR found in a related bacteria called Vibrio cholerae that causes cholera, it was unclear whether a homolog for VtrC also existed in this or any other bacteria. (news-medical.net)
  • 176 T6SS loci (encompassing 92 different bacteria) were identified and their comparison revealed that T6SS-encoded genes have a specific conserved genetic organization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phylogenetic reconstruction based on the core genes showed that lateral transfer of the T6SS is probably its major way of dissemination among pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The core of T6SS is composed of 13 proteins, conserved in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Complex interactions between Gram-negative bacteria and their environment are facilitated by numerous surface-attached and exported macromolecules, some of which represent bacterial toxins and effectors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have developed a novel method for mapping genes in bacteria, exploiting natural transformation in combination with genome-wide deep sequencing. (drexel.edu)
  • Homologues of the yeast Oxa1 protein are found in chloroplasts of plants and in a wide variety of bacteria. (tcdb.org)
  • Human skin, oral, click this link now and how much does microzide cost per pill gut bacteria and their genes. (cre8tivepixels.com)
  • Mitochondrial homologs differ substantially in architecture and are not included [Protein synthesis, Ribosomal proteins: synthesis and modification]. (unl.edu)
  • Mitochondrial TAT transports folded proteins in those eukaryotes with TatA and TatC subunits encoded in the mitochondrial genome. (tcdb.org)
  • COX, responsible for the reduction of oxygen to water, consists of three catalytic core subunits (Cox1, Cox2, and Cox3), each derived from a mitochondrial gene and of 8-10 additional structural subunits that are expressed from nuclear genes. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • In order to cross two bacterial membranes, those molecules are transported by nanomachineries, called secretion systems, which may be more or less complex in terms of their composition and regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • encoded by Nfe2l2 gene) is a transcription factor responsible for the regulation of cellular redox balance and protective antioxidant and phase II detoxification responses in mammals [ 1 , 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • Embryonic development occurs with precisely timed morphogenetic cell movements directed by complex gene regulation. (duke.edu)
  • Unlike reversible disassembly, which requires ATP hydrolysis on V 1 to break protein-protein interactions, Oxr1p mediated disassembly of V-ATPase is ATP independent and therefore a novel mode of activity regulation. (upstate.edu)
  • Antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens is a major impediment to successful therapy, and in sever- al instances, bacterial strains have arisen that are refracto- ry to most available antimicrobial treatments (1). (cdc.gov)
  • It shares structural similarities with the bacterial protease subtilisin. (wikipedia.org)
  • We identified similarities in these proteins in reverse of how it's usually done. (news-medical.net)
  • Dr. Orth said these structural similarities could eventually lead to pharmaceuticals that treat conditions caused by different infectious organisms that rely on similar pathogenic strategies. (news-medical.net)
  • Furthermore, the sequence analysis of the VgrG proteins, proposed to be exported in a T6SS-dependent way, confirmed that some C-terminal regions possess domains showing similarities with adhesins or proteins with enzymatic functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As opposed to single strand (ss) DNA binding proteins such as SSB and RPA, which protect and occlude ssDNA from recombination, RAD52/Redβ SSAPs promote recombination and share several biochemical similarities. (nature.com)
  • These shared biochemical, protein sequence and functional similarities suggest the existence of an ancestral annealing mechanism involved in HR. (nature.com)
  • This gene encodes a taxon-specific crystallin protein that binds NADPH and has sequence similarity to bacterial ornithine cyclodeaminases. (thermofisher.com)
  • The unique inserts in CRISPR show virtually no similarity even between closely related bacterial strains which suggests their rapid turnover, on evolutionary scale. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The functional similarity between human and bacterial DPP4 was confirmed using 124 potential peptide substrates. (inra.fr)
  • Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability of cell-free synthesized OSTs to glycosylate multiple target proteins with varying N -glycosylation acceptor sequons. (biorxiv.org)
  • Phylogenetic analysis of the type 3 fimbrial genes ( mrkABCD ) from 39 strains revealed they clustered into five distinct clades (A-E) ranging from one to twenty-three members. (biomedcentral.com)
  • My PhD dissertation focuses on a MarR homolog, OstR, which regulates genes encoding major multidrug transporters, a resistance-nodulation-division (RND) and an E . coli multidrug resistance B (EmrB) efflux pump homolog in Burkholderia thailandensis . (lsu.edu)
  • 2015 . The crystal structure of full-length E. coli YidC revealed that a hydrophilic groove, formed by five transmembrane helices, is a conserved structural feature of YidC, as compared to the previous YidC structure from Bacillus halodurans , which lacks a periplasmic domain. (tcdb.org)
  • The latter can replace E. coli YidC for Sec-independent insertion of proteins ( Bloois et al . (tcdb.org)
  • In this study, we characterised the genes encoding type 3 fimbriae from CAUTI strains of Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Klebsiella oxytoca , Citrobacter koseri and Citrobacter freundii . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Structural and mutational analysis of Escherichia coli AlkB provides insight into substrate specificity and DNA damage searching. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Nrf2 consists of six functional Neh domains (Neh1-Neh6), from which, the amino-terminal Neh2 domain controls binding Keap1-the inhibitor protein Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, that is responsible for the cytosolic sequestration of Nrf2 under physiological conditions (Fig. 2 a). (springer.com)
  • This model describes bacterial and chloroplast forms of the 50S ribosomal protein L28, a polypeptide about 60 amino acids in length. (unl.edu)
  • EvoRator2: predicting site-specific amino acid substitutions based on protein structural information using deep learning Journal of Molecular Biology: 435(14):168155. (tau.ac.il)
  • However, it has previously been shown that deletion of the amino-terminal part of the Pol2 protein containing the Pol ε catalytic domain resulted in sick but viable yeast cells, while deletion of the carboxy-terminal part of Pol2 was lethal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Also, they share a similar protein architecture based on an N-terminal ssDNA binding domain of ~180 amino acids and a C-terminal extension that in the case of RAD52 is required for homologous recombination (HR) through specific protein-protein interactions 6 . (nature.com)
  • Prior work from our lab has focused on understanding the structural requirements of OG on lesion recognition and catalysis, and we have shown that MutY relies on the exocyclic 2-amino group of OG to identify and distinguish OG:A from other basepairs. (ucdavis.edu)
  • The primary amino acid sequence of a protein is a translated version from its gene sequence which carries important messages and information concealed therein. (springeropen.com)
  • Antimicrobial proteins and peptides offer a multifaceted mechanism suitable to fight bacterial resistance. (frontiersin.org)
  • By mechanism, DNA annealing proteins are divided into ATPases capable of strand invasion (RecA, RAD51) and single strand annealing proteins (SSAPs) that do not utilize ATP 4 . (nature.com)
  • We captured structural snapshots of N146S Geobacillus stearothermophilus MutY bound to DNA containing a substrate, a transition state analog and enzyme-catalyzed abasic site products to provide insight into the base excision mechanism of MutY and the role of Asn. (ucdavis.edu)
  • The molecular mechanism of DNA damage recognition by MutS homologs and its consequences for cell death response. (wakehealth.edu)
  • The enzyme is encoded by the yeast gene KEX2, and usually referred to in the scientific community as Kex2p. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , DNA polymerase ε (Pol ε) synthesizes primarily the leading strand, while DNA polymerase δ (Pol δ) synthesizes primarily the lagging strand and the genes encoding the catalytic subunits of these two polymerases are essential for life. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The third gene, vanA , Francisco, CA). encodes an ATP-dependent D-Ala-D-Lac ligase. (cdc.gov)
  • Resistance arises by mutation (influencing the target or efflux of the antimicrobial agent) or by the acquisition of resistance genes (encoding antimicrobial or target alter- ation, or alternate pathways) (2,3). (cdc.gov)
  • Only a small fraction of the newly translated Cox6 was found to be present in Atco, which can explain the low concentration of COX and poor complementation of the cox6 mutation by the allotopic gene. (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Dominant mutation of the TREX1 exonuclease gene in lupus and Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Notably, LGMD subtypes are phenotypically highly variable, limb-girdle weakness may not be the predominant presentation, and mutation in genes assigned to LGMD subtypes may cause allelic conditions with a different phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • 2018 ). Through YidC, proteins are inserted into the lipid bilayer via the SecYEG-dependent complex, but YidC functions as a chaperone in protein folding processes. (tcdb.org)
  • The American Physiological Society (2018) Retraction: Acute exercise suppresses hypothalamic PTP1B protein level and improves insulin and leptin signaling in obese rats. (clipstonepress.com)
  • Alternate forms of the PolII transcription initiation machinery have been proposed to play a role in selective activation of cell-type-specific gene expression programs during cellular differentiation. (silverchair.com)
  • Nrf2 stabilization and increase in its half-life even to 200 min [ 9 ] allows nuclear translocation and activation of transcription of cytoprotective genes (Fig. 1 ). (springer.com)
  • Contribution of aerobic gene transcription exerted by the first ejaculate, we aimed at understanding fundamental biological processes. (cre8tivepixels.com)
  • The encoded protein does not perform a structural role in lens tissue, and instead it binds thyroid hormone for possible regulatory or developmental roles. (thermofisher.com)
  • OstR binds to the promoters of each gene (K d = 64.9 ± 8.0 nM, K d = 126.1 ± 10.9 nM and K d = 6.7 ± 0.8, respectively), and expression of rnd and hyp is ~2-fold upregulated in the ΔostR strain, whereas emrB expression is increased ~25-fold. (lsu.edu)
  • The biochemical properties of CaBPs from different parasites have been investigated, and despite the considerable resemblance between structural models of all family members, differences exist in the dimerization, ion-binding and drug-binding characteristics of these apparently similar proteins [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The human DNA base excision repair enzyme MUTYH (MutY homolog DNA glycosylase) excises undamaged adenine that has been misincorporated opposite the oxidatively damaged 8-oxoG, preventing transversion mutations and serving as an important defense against the deleterious effects of this damage. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Mutations in the MUTYH gene predispose patients to MUTYH-associated polyposis and colorectal cancer, and MUTYH expression has been documented as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Mutations in the gene encoding the 3'-5' DNA exonuclease TREX1 are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Although causative gene mutations have been well characterized for LGMD, no specific treatment is available for any of the LGMD syndromes yet. (medscape.com)
  • For example, mutations in TTN gene may present with a wide range of phenotypes ranging from congenital myopathy to late-onset distal myopathy. (medscape.com)
  • Overlap exists with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (CMD) as several gene mutations can cause both a LGMD and CMD phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • These diseases are discussed here in part because mutations in 2 genes can present with either an LGMD or a myofibrillar myopathy phenotype. (medscape.com)
  • All these phages, most of which have members of the Enterobacteriaceae as their host, present a highly conserved genome organization and mainly differ at sequence level through the presence or absence of nonessential genes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Oxr1p belongs to the group of TLDc domain containing proteins that are highly conserved in higher eukaryotes. (upstate.edu)
  • To identify genes in EPS production beyond the EPS biosynthetic gene operon, we selected the EPS-defective mutants of R. pseudosolanacearum strain SL341 from Tn5-inserted mutant pool. (ppjonline.org)
  • Such proteins include sphingolipid transfer proteins that function as transporters to shuttle sphingolipids between intracellular membranes as well as lipid-binding domains (e.g. (umn.edu)
  • To gain insights into lipid structural features that control both the lateral and transmembrane distributions of sphingolipids, we have used a combination of biophysical approaches (fluorescence spectroscopy, Langmuir surface balance approaches, calorimetry, NMR). (umn.edu)
  • The acceptor molecule can be a lipid, a protein, a heterocyclic compound, or another carbohydrate residue. (unl.edu)
  • A single transcript chosen for a gene which is the most conserved, most highly expressed, has the longest coding sequence and is represented in other key resources, such as NCBI and UniProt. (ensembl.org)
  • The actual origins of acquired resistance genes are unknown, but environmental microbes, including the strains producing antimicrobial agents, are believed to be important sources (4,5). (cdc.gov)
  • All of the strains examined caused type 3 fimbriae mediated agglutination of tannic acid treated human erythrocytes despite sequence variation in the mrkD -encoding adhesin gene. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further work is now required to substantiate the clade structure reported here by examining more strains as well as other bacterial genera that make type 3 fimbriae and cause CAUTI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The MCM2-7 protein complex is the precursor of the replicative helicase that unwinds DNA in front of the active replication complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Botchan's work further indicates that Cdc45 has a structure similar to the bacterial recombination protein RecJ, linking replication and recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The breast cancer suppressor protein BRCA2 has an important role in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Single strand annealing proteins (SSAPs) like Redβ initiate homologous recombination by annealing complementary DNA strands. (nature.com)
  • Further analysis of two overlapping deficiency lines and mutant alleles led to identification of genetic interactions between the CDK8-CycC pair and the components of the Decapentaplegic (Dpp, the Drosophila homolog of TGFβ, or Transforming Growth Factor-β) signaling pathway. (sdbonline.org)
  • As the assembly was carried out in the absence of ATP, this suggests that formation of the holoenzyme from the individual subcomplexes is solely driven by protein-protein interactions at the interface. (upstate.edu)
  • DNA repair protein MutY employs specific interactions to differentiate OG:A basepairs from canonical G:C and T:A basepairs. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Each antibacterial effector gene is located upstream of a gene encoding a hypothetic immunity protein, thus conforming an effector/immunity (E/I) module. (frontiersin.org)
  • The functioning of this system seems to involve integration of fragments of foreign genes into archaeal and bacterial chromosomes yielding heritable immunity to the respective agents. (biomedcentral.com)
  • I'm pretty sure each of those proteins play a very useful role in that pathway. (evcforum.net)
  • The chloroplast albino 3 (ALB3) protein appears to integrate the light harvesting chlorophyll-binding protein into thylakoid membranes using a pathway that is distinct from the chloroplast Sec translocation pathway. (tcdb.org)
  • Oxidative stress generated during such stressful conditions may damage DNA and proteins, and as a consequence the cellular processes are disturbed. (springer.com)
  • The cryo-EM analysis also revealed a population of free V 1 bound to Oxidation Resistance 1 (Oxr1p), a poorly characterized protein that has been implicated in protecting cells from oxidative stress. (upstate.edu)
  • shown in red), a poorly characterized protein implicated in oxidative stress response. (upstate.edu)
  • The self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances , which is also referred to as slime, is a polymeric conglomeration generally composed of extracellular biopolymers in various structural forms. (wikipedia.org)
  • [2] [3] The cells within the biofilm produce the EPS components, which are typically a polymeric conglomeration of extracellular polysaccharides , proteins , lipids and DNA . (wikipedia.org)
  • Crystallization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AmrZ protein: development of a comprehensive method for obtaining and optimization of protein-DNA crystals. (wakehealth.edu)
  • Although the structural subunits do not participate directly in either the reduction of oxygen or transfer of protons to the matrix, with a few exceptions, they are essential for assembly and stability of COX ( Tzagoloff & Dieckmann, 1990 ). (life-science-alliance.org)
  • Subclasses of T6SS differ in regulatory and accessory protein content suggesting that T6SS has evolved to adapt to various microenvironments and specialized functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within the RNaseA superfamily there is a group of highly cationic proteins secreted by innate immune cells with anti-infective and immune-regulatory properties. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our data provides additional evidence for the spread of type 3 fimbrial genes by lateral gene transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The findings have proven to be important for current understanding how the spatial organization of lipids in membranes can regulate proteins that translocate onto membranes to function. (umn.edu)
  • This genome wide analysis allowed the identification of a set of 13 proteins constituting the T6SS protein core and a set of conserved accessory proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Selection for recombinants that acquired the trait, followed by genome-wide profiling of donor-specific allele frequencies, we can rapidly identify the relevant genes. (drexel.edu)
  • Compared to the genome of gh-1, the sequence of ϕIBB-PF7A is longer and contains more genes with unassigned function and lacks a few potentially essential and non-essential T7 genes, such as gene1.1, 3.8, and 7. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genome of coliphage T7 has 56 genes encoding potential proteins [ 8 ], of which 35 have known function or functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Three transketolase genes have been identified in the human genome to date: transketolase (TKT), transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) and transketolase-like 2 (TKTL2). (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA binding is differentially altered on oxidation of OstR, depending on the nature of the oxidant, as reflected in altered levels of gene expression in vivo . (lsu.edu)
  • Furthermore, this analyses confirmed the positive roles of CDK9 and Yorkie in regulating Mad-dependent gene expression in vivo. (sdbonline.org)
  • This new work uses structure-activity relationships (SARs) to identify the structural features of A that influence OG:A recognition, verification, base excision, and overall cellular repair. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) protein defects occur in several pathways involved in the biologic function of muscle and can be divided into groups based on cellular localization. (medscape.com)
  • The contractile tail is composed of an internal tube generated by the polymerization of a hexameric protein called Hcp, where a needle-shaped VgrG protein trimer is assembled at the tip. (frontiersin.org)
  • The mrk gene cluster is similar to other fimbrial operons of the chaperone-usher class in that it contains genes encoding major ( mrkA ) and minor ( mrkF ) subunit proteins as well as chaperone- ( mrkB ), usher- ( mrkC ) and adhesin- ( mrkD ) encoding genes [ 37 , 38 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Experimental phase determination from proteins incorporating Se-Met was carried out for 45 structures with most of the remainder solved by molecular replacement using members of the experimentally phased set as search models. (rcsb.org)
  • However, in the mid 1990s, other proteins were also found to accumulate in the abnormal muscle fibers, and molecular genetic studies revealed several chromosomal loci. (medscape.com)
  • [10] [11] A cell that switches to the biofilm mode of growth undergoes a phenotypic shift in behavior in which large suites of genes are differentially regulated . (wikipedia.org)
  • We observed the proteins internalization within macrophages and their capacity to eradicate the intracellular mycobacterial infection at a low micro-molar range. (frontiersin.org)
  • The main aim of this paper is to review the pathways that lead to cell death in plants with a purpose of identifying the anti-cell death genes. (essaywriter.org)
  • In this paper, we review the structural features and catalytic mechanisms of the HhH-DG superfamily and draw a hypothetical reconstruction of the evolutionary path where these DGs developed diverse and unique enzymatic features. (ucdavis.edu)
  • The protein structure available for this family has the GTB topology, one of the two protein topologies observed for nucleotide-sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases. (unl.edu)
  • The crystal structure of TREX1 explains the 3' nucleotide specificity and reveals a polyproline II helix for protein partnering. (wakehealth.edu)
  • In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of a recombinant tegumental calcium-binding EF-hand protein 4 of F. gigantica (rFg-CaBP4) on goat monocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The liver fluke Fasciola gigantica secretes excretory-secretory proteins during infection to mediate its interaction with the host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings provide additional evidence that calcium-binding EF-hand proteins play roles in host-parasite interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As evaluated by co-immunoprecipitation experiments, the dsDNA recombination function relates to the Redα-Redβ protein-protein interaction, which requires not only contacts in the C-terminal domain but also a region near the N-terminus. (nature.com)
  • Ethylene perception was necessary during the spore germination and appressorium formation in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides while in Botrytis cinerea , the hormone exaggerated the transcriptional reprogramming of the genes associated with plant interaction [ 10 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • These sphingolipid transfer proteins were initially identified as glycolipid transfer proteins (GLTPs) due to their specificity for transferring glycosphingolipids between membranes. (umn.edu)
  • This artificial intelligence program can accurately predict the structure of some proteins based on the genetic sequence that codes for them - information that previously was only gleaned through laborious work in the laboratory. (news-medical.net)
  • We are now using advanced optical mapping technology to reproduce these maps in the absence of genetic variation, in order to disentangle the role of chromosome structure from the potential for genetic incompatibilities ("speciation genes") skewing our results. (drexel.edu)
  • Marine bacteriophages play key roles in the community structure of microorganisms, biogeochemical cycles, and the mediation of genetic diversity through horizontal gene transfer. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2: autosomal recessive), and an alphabet based on the order of discovery of linkage to a specific, certain genetic locus or a new disease gene. (medscape.com)