• The ingenious scientist Walter Gehring then discovered (independently from Matthew Scott's group in the USA) that all homeotic genes have a 180 base pair sequence in common that he called the Homeobox. (balzan.org)
  • With Eddy De Robertis, he was the first to demonstrate the evolutionary conservation of Homeobox-containing genes present in all metazoan Bilateria, where they play a key role in patterning the body plan. (balzan.org)
  • He showed that the Homeodomain binds to specific DNA sequences of the promoter region of certain genes. (balzan.org)
  • This allows to conclude that Homeobox-containing genes are coding for transcription factors which regulate the activity of other genes. (balzan.org)
  • On this basis, Homeobox-containing genes are called developmental control genes. (balzan.org)
  • Isolation of the murine homologs of the otd and ems homeobox containing genes and analysis of their expression during brain development. (cnr.it)
  • Alvarez JD, Yasui DH, Niida H, Joh T, Loh DY, Kohwi-Shigematsu T. The MAR-binding protein SATB1 orchestrates temporal and spatial expression of multiple genes during T-cell development. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • Genetic analysis of plant architecture has led to the discovery of key genes that function in meristems, including the maize ( Zea mays ) transcription factor knotted1 ( kn1 ), the founding member of the kn1 homeobox ( knox ) gene family (Vollbrecht et al. (grassius.org)
  • Homeobox domain genes are mainly involved in controlling the growth and developmental processes such as transition through phases in an organism by encoding a certain transcription factor. (grassius.org)
  • The presence of a homeodomain (HD), which comprises 60 amino acids, makes a three-helix tertiary structure, that binds the promoter regions of specific target genes (Sharif et al. (grassius.org)
  • Since the discovery of the Kn1 gene, a large number of transcription factor (TF) genes encoding proteins with homeodomains have been found in all plants and there are about 135 family members in maize. (grassius.org)
  • Bolduc N, Tyers RG, Freeling M, Hake S. Unequal redundancy in maize knotted1 homeobox genes. (grassius.org)
  • These studies provide genetic evidence for an essential function of a homeodomain protein in ß-catenin-mediated induction of the dorsal gastrula organizer and place boz at the top of a hierarchy of zygotic genes specifying the dorsal midline of a vertebrate embryo. (zfin.org)
  • Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • 4. Jain M,Tyagi A K,Khurana J P. Genome-wide identification,classification,evolutionary expansion and expression analyses of homeobox genes in rice[J]. The FEBS Journal,2008,275(11):2845-2861. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • The Arabidopsis Athb-8,-9 and-14 genes are members of a small gene family coding for highly related HD-ZIP proteins[J]. Plant Molecular Biology,1998,38(4):609-622. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • 6. Olsson A S,Engstr m P,S derman E. The homeobox genes ATHB12 and ATHB7 encode potential regulators of growth in response to water deficit in Arabidopsis [J]. Plant Molecular Biology,2004,55(5):663-677. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • This protein attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and regulates the activity of other genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A shortage of this protein likely disrupts the regulation of genes that are necessary for the normal development of several organs, including the kidneys and pancreas. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A shortage of functional HNF-1β protein likely disrupts the regulation of genes that help direct development of the kidneys and urinary tract. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
  • encodes a protein that is induced in expression in response to water deprivation such as cold, high-salt, and dessication. (or.jp)
  • We report here the characterization of the Drosophila homolog of the onecut homeobox gene, which encodes a protein product with one cut domain and one homeodomain. (psu.edu)
  • PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)
  • The family name can be seen the similarity with the homeodomain of paired homeodomain protein that is present in the organism Drosophila. (keratoconusa.net)
  • B) Schematic comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences for Xenopus Optx2 (XOptx2), chicken Optx2 (COptx2), mouse Optx2 (MOptx2), Drosophila Optix, chicken Six3 (CSix3), mouse Six3 (MSix3), and Drosophila (so) proteins. (xenbase.org)
  • The predicted protein sequence contained a highly conserved homeodomain and the WUS-box domain, which is present in some members of the WOX protein family. (gc.ca)
  • The protein family includes a highly conserved homeodomain(HD) and a leucine zipper domain(LZ), forming a special structural model. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • Walter Gehring made a second discovery of fundamental importance in developmental biology as he identified the Pax6 gene (which contains a Homeobox as well), a "master control gene" for eye development in all animals, including humans. (balzan.org)
  • Vollbrecht E, Veit B, Sinha N, Hake S. The developmental gene Knotted-1 is a member of a maize homeobox gene family. (grassius.org)
  • Human VSX1 protein structure is 55% identical to a similar protein zebrafish and 35% protein Chx10 in mice. (keratoconusa.net)
  • V0 interneurons are derived from progenitors that express the developing brain homeobox protein 1 (Dbx-1) and can be further subdivided into V0 V (ventral) or V0 D (dorsal) interneurons based on the expression or absence, respectively, of the postmitotic determinant homeodomain protein even-skipped homeobox 1 (Evx1). (elifesciences.org)
  • Members of the SIX gene family encode proteins that are characterized by a divergent DNA-binding homeodomain and an upstream SIX domain, which may be involved both in determining DNA-binding specificity and in mediating protein-protein interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • We present evidence that D-Onecut can bind to similar DNA sequences with high specificity and affinity as other Onecut proteins through the highly conserved cut domain and homeodomain. (psu.edu)
  • The plant homeodomain (PHD) finger is a C4HC3 zinc-finger-like motif found in nuclear proteins thought to be involved in epigenetics and chromatin-mediated transcriptional regulation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The canonical TGFβ signalling pathway involves ligand-dependent assembly of a heteromeric receptor complex, receptor-kinase activation and subsequent phosphorylation and activation of SMAD proteins, which are transcriptional regulators that consequently accumulate in the nucleus. (nature.com)
  • Homeobox protein SIX1 (Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SIX1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The full English name of this gene is Visual system homeobox 1 homolog, CHX10 - like (zebrafish), abbreviated as VSX1. (keratoconusa.net)
  • The function of this domain is not yet known but in analogy with the LIM domain it could be involved in protein-protein interaction and be important for the assembly or activity of multicomponent complexes involved in transcriptional activation or repression. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • In vivo dissection of Otx1 and Otx2 roles in brain development by using reciprocal knock-in mouse models: definition of extended functional equivalence between OTX1 and OTX2 proteins and the relevance of the Otx1 and Otx2 differential transcriptional control. (cnr.it)
  • D-Onecut appears to be a moderate transcriptional activator and functions as a nuclear protein in neuronal tissues of both the CNS and PNS during development and in the adult. (psu.edu)
  • In the last decades, HOX proteins have been extensively studied due to their pivotal role in transcriptional events. (mdpi.com)
  • This protein plays a role in the terminal differentiation of somatotroph and lactotroph cell phenotypes, is involved in the development of the eye, tooth and abdominal organs, and acts as a transcriptional regulator involved in basal and hormone-regulated activity of prolactin. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • We have isolated a murine cDNA encoding a 9-kD protein, Chisel (Csl), in a screen for transcriptional targets of the cardiac homeodomain factor Nkx2-5. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The leucine zipper domain forms a dimer that is essential for HD-Zip protein recognition of DNA [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2. Schena M,Davis R W. HD-Zip proteins:members of an Arabidopsis homeodomain protein superfamily[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1992,89(9):3894-3898. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • We report the initial characterization of mOb1 (Odd homeoBox 1), which encodes an atypical 73 amino acid K50-homeodomain protein localised in the cytoplasm and absent from nuclei during mouse development. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • Characterization of the class Ⅳ homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family in Arabidopsis [J]. Plant Physiology,2006,141(4):1363-1375. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • Zinc finger (Znf) domains are relatively small protein motifs which contain multiple finger-like protrusions that make tandem contacts with their target molecule. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The zinc finger-homeodomain (ZF-HD) TFs, containing a conserved zinc finger (ZF) domain in the N-terminal and a homeodomain (HD) in the C-terminal. (grassius.org)
  • Csl protein was distributed throughout the cytoplasm in fetal muscles, although costameric and M-line localization to the muscle cytoskeleton became obvious after further maturation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Overexpression of XOptx2 , a homeodomain-containing transcription factor expressed in the Xenopus embryonic eye field, results in a dramatic increase in eye size. (xenbase.org)
  • The 14/SATB1 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 that is encoded by the SATB1 (SATB homeobox 1) gene. (bdbiosciences.com)
  • The homeodomain [of a Hox protein] is a 60-amino-acid-long DNA-binding domain (encoded by its corresponding 180-base-pair DNA sequence, the homeobox). (albertkharris.com)
  • Overall sequence similarity with the Xenopus protein is shown to the right of the sequence name. (xenbase.org)
  • C) Expanded view of homeobox domain comparing the primary amino acid sequence of the six/sine oculis family members. (xenbase.org)
  • The molecular mass of the expressed protein was identical to that predicted by the cDNA sequence. (gc.ca)
  • We report that boz mutations disrupt the homeobox gene dharma. (zfin.org)
  • Later on, with Kurt Wüthrich, he determined the three-dimensional structure of the protein domain (called Homeodomain) encoded by the Homeobox at atomic resolution. (balzan.org)
  • Several reports suggest that it can function as a protein-protein interacton domain and it was recently demonstrated that the PHD finger of p300 can cooperate with the adjacent BROMO domain in nucleosome binding in vitro. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Taxonomic distribution of proteins containing PHD domain. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • The complete taxonomic breakdown of all proteins with PHD domain is also avaliable . (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Click on the protein counts, or double click on taxonomic names to display all proteins containing PHD domain in the selected taxonomic class. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • Interestingly, the cut domain alone can mediate DNA-binding, but the homeodomain cannot. (psu.edu)
  • The homeodomain domain is generally composed of about 60 amino acids encoded homeobox, which form three alpha helices. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In characterizing ribosome binding to a regulatory element within a Homeobox (Hox) 5' UTR, we identify a modular stem-loop within this element that binds to a single ES, ES9S. (nih.gov)
  • For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
  • We will discuss three key proteins that function as tumor suppressors implicated in the development of pediatric (and some adult) cancers: pRB, p53, and PTEN. (medscape.com)
  • RB1 encodes the protein pRB and was the first tumor suppressor gene to be molecularly defined. (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
  • Isolation and expression analysis both in invertebrate and vertebrate embryos of a new homeobox containing gene named Orthopedia (Otp). (cnr.it)
  • Temporo-spatial patterns of mOb1 transcript and mOb1 protein expression were coincident in developing mouse embryos. (brighton.ac.uk)
  • How Gene Expression (mRNA and protein synthesis) is spatially controlled in embryos. (albertkharris.com)
  • The impact of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport on the regulation of apoptosis was underlined by showing that the evolutionary conservation of a NES within the anti-apoptotic protein survivin plays an essential role for its dual function in the inhibition of apoptosis and ordered cell division. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • Genome-wide identification,evolutionary expansion,and expression profile of homeodomain-leucine zipper gene family in poplar ( Populus trichocarpa )[J]. PLoS One,2012,7(2):e31149. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • The HNF1B gene provides instructions for making a protein called hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 beta (HNF-1β). (medlineplus.gov)
  • The percent similarity of the Six domains and homeodomains to the corresponding regions in the Xenopus protein is shown. (xenbase.org)
  • However, mRNA and protein levels for CD2AP and podocin were greatly reduced, suggesting a cooperative role for these molecules in foot process and slit diaphragm formation. (nih.gov)
  • In addition, the translocation based protease- and protein-interaction biosensors can be applied in various biological Systems, in particular to identify protein-protein interaction inhibitors of cancer relevant proteins. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • Less than 10% of the V0 neurons constitute a subpopulation of interneurons identified by expression of the Paired-like homeodomain 2 (Pitx2) transcription factor. (elifesciences.org)
  • They display considerable versatility in binding modes, even between members of the same class (e.g. some bind DNA, others protein), suggesting that Znf motifs are stable scaffolds that have evolved specialised functions. (embl-heidelberg.de)
  • This gene encodes a member of the RIEG/PITX homeobox family, which is in the bicoid class of homeodomain proteins. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The Mnx homeobox gene class defined by HB9, MNR2 and amphioxus AmphiMnx. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cytotactin, an extracellular matrix protein of neural and non-neural tissues that mediates glia-neuron interaction. (academicinfluence.com)
  • Binding of neural cell adhesion molecules (N-CAMs) to the cellular prion protein. (academicinfluence.com)
  • Using antibodies to podocyte proteins important for podocyte function, we found that Lmx1b(-/-) podocytes express near-normal levels of nephrin, synaptopodin, ZO-1, alpha3 integrin, and GBM laminins. (nih.gov)
  • The thesis entitled „Investigations on the significance of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport for the biological function of cellular proteins" aimed to unreveal molecular mechanisms in order to improve our understanding of the impact of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport on cellular functions. (uni-frankfurt.de)
  • In vitro function of MNX1 (Motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 1) in bladder cancer cell was evaluated using MTT assay, colony formation assay, and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A fly can function perfectly well with a chicken Hox protein in place of its own . (albertkharris.com)
  • The HNF-1β protein is important for development and function of the kidneys and beta cells in the pancreas. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
  • Isolation and identification of the structural organization of the human homeobox gene family (HOX Complex). (cnr.it)
  • Protein is a member of a gene family with other members found plants, animals and fungi. (or.jp)
  • The WUSCHEL (WUS)-related homeobox (WOX) gene family coordinates transcription during the early phases of embryogenesis. (gc.ca)
  • The HD-Zip transcription factor family is a kind of special protein in plant, playing crucial roles in plant development processes and abiotic stresses response. (nefu.edu.cn)
  • And the arrangement of the three helices determines the difference in the specific binding of homeodomain to DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings demonstrate that chronic exposure of esophageal keratinocytes to acid pH induces transcription of cdx 2, an intestinal specific homeobox gene known to play a critical role in the differentiation and maintenance of intestinal epithelial functions. (silverchair.com)
  • The small muscle-specific protein Csl modifies cell shape and promotes myocyte fusion in an insulin-like growth factor 1-dependent manner. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Antibody reactivity against Recombinant Protein with GST tag on ELISA and WB. (novusbio.com)
  • Expression of the endogenous CDX2 protein, detected by western blot and immunocytochemical analysis, correlated with promoter activation. (silverchair.com)
  • The encoded protein acts as a transcription factor and regulates procollagen lysyl hydroxylase gene expression. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • However, ectopic expression in C2C12 myoblasts induced formation of lamellipodia in which Csl protein became tethered to membrane ruffles. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The full-length ORF was subcloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET-30a, and an approximately 34-kDa protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells with IPTG induction. (gc.ca)
  • TP53 encodes the protein p53, which is known as the "guardian of the genome. (medscape.com)
  • A similar protein in other vertebrates is involved in the determination of left-right asymmetry during development. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • The HB9 homeobox gene has been cloned from several vertebrates and is implicated in motor neuron differentiation. (ox.ac.uk)