High affinity immunodominant epitopes. Medical search. Frequent questions

Nearly all peanut-specific IgE antibodies discovered from peanut-allergic individuals were high affinity, with many exhibiting double-digit picomolar affinity. (blackradionetwork.com)
Through an unbiased human IgE discovery platform, IgGenix has created a powerful foundation from which to generate high-affinity IgG4 antibodies that bind to immunodominant allergens and epitopes on those allergens. (blackradionetwork.com)
Through our proprietary SEQ SIFTER™ discovery platform, developed from foundational research of co-founders Stephen Quake, Kari Nadeau, and Derek Croote of Stanford University, we isolate and re-engineer fully human, high-affinity, allergen-specific antibodies designed to block and prevent the allergic cascade. (blackradionetwork.com)
BACKGROUND: Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that combinations of broadly neutralising antibodies (bnAbs) targeting different HIV envelope epitopes might be required for sufficient prevention of infection. (bvsalud.org)
The immunodominant tGPI-mucin α-Gal glycotope, the trisaccharide Galα1,3Galβ1,4GlcNAc (Galα3LN), elicits high levels of protective T. cruzi-specific anti-α-Gal antibodies in ChD patients, in both the acute and chronic phases. (utep.edu)
We first demonstrate the high affinity of both ChD human serum pool (ChHSP) and purified Ch anti-α-Gal antibodies to the Galα3LN-containing neoglycoprotein (NGP) when compared to normal human serum pool (NHSP) and purified NHS anti-α-Gal antibodies. (utep.edu)
Briefly, baboons vaccinated with NGP24h, MASPpep-KLH, or the combination thereof (NGP24h+MASPpep-KLH) exhibited high levels of IgG and IgA antibodies, and significantly lower inflammation and parasite load in the heart tissue (37%-73% reduction for NGP24h, 78%-93% reduction for MASPpep-KLH, and 41%-71% in the combined NGP24h+MASPpep-KLH). (utep.edu)
We propose that additional investigation into the role of ADCP in protective viral responses, the specific virus epitopes targeted by ADCP antibodies, and the types of phagocytes and Fc receptors involved in ADCP at sites of virus infection will provide insight into strategies to successfully leverage this important immune response for improved antiviral immunity through rational vaccine design. (frontiersin.org)
Once current antibodies have enough affinity against contextually possible (functional) alternate epitopes to outcompete natural IgM, no new B Cell lineages will be formed. (substack.com)
The host is in practice "imprinted" because the laws of physics are not going to suddenly make it possible for the virus to present an epitope that current super-enriched antibodies do not have affinity for. (substack.com)

Peptides were synthesized and tested for in vivo immunogenicity by screening peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers (n = 64) and HAdV-infected stem cell recipients (n = 26) for memory T cells recognizing the candidate epitopes in the context of most common HLA alleles. (biomedcentral.com)
Functional CD8 + T cells recognizing seven epitopes were identified, among them four penton-derived and two hexon-derived peptides. (biomedcentral.com)
Biochemical in-vitro binding assays and immunogenetic and immunogenicity studies indicated that each of the sixteen immunogenic 15-mer peptides contained two or more partially overlapping epitopes that could bind with high affinity to molecules of different HLAs. (johnshopkins.edu)
Our Mission is to provide high quality peptides quickly and efficiently and to ensure complete customer satisfaction. (peptides.de)
The kinetics and products of degradation of HIV-1 Gag favored the production of peptides encompassing the immunodominant epitope and destruction of the subdominant one. (jci.org)
HLA-DR molecules were affinity purified and bound peptides acid eluted. (jci.org)
the modulation of epitope immunodominance and the processing and presentation of HIV peptides for MHC class I recognition were shown to be dependent on flanking residues that were N terminal to the natural epitopes (see the related article beginning on page 3563). (jci.org)
T cells spotting MHC course II tetramers packed with immunodominant pollen-derived peptides is because of the seasonal enhancing of mobile immune response associated with pollen exposure. (ncbedbugs.com)
Peptide and Peptides immunotherapy By T cell epitope mapping with peptides, amino acidity positions 1C10 and 16C24 of Fel d 1 string 2 were discovered to be connected with a HLA-DR7-limited secretion of high IL-10, respectively IFN- in PBMC cultures of people using SR 146131 a improved Th2 response (20). (ncbedbugs.com)
Determination from the binding affinities of Fel d 1 peptides to 10 typically expressed HLA-DR substances, coupled with their proliferative and cytokine replies (IFN-, IL-10, and IL-13) in cat-allergic people allowed a thorough id of immune-dominant sequences including those on string 2 (28). (ncbedbugs.com)
Any of the peptides having a strong affinity for binding with class I or II histocompatibility antigens and for stimulating a response by T lymphocytes. (tabers.com)
Immunodominant peptides are produced by antigen processing, are expressed on the surface of macrophages and other antigen-presenting cells, and may be useful both in desensitizing people to allergens and in vaccine production. (tabers.com)
The crystal structure of human and murine T cell receptors (TcRs) specific for immunodominant viral peptides presented to cytotoxic T cell (CTL) suggests that the central region of the peptide is critical for TcR contacts and that aromatic rings are accommodated in a small cavity determined by the variable CDR3 region of the TcR ( 7 , 8 ). (silverchair.com)
The development of sequence-based predictive algorithms to identify potential Dsg3 epitopes has encountered limited success due to the paucity of PV-associated allele-specific peptides as training data. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition, our results lend credence to the hypothesis that the alleles DQB1*0201 and *0202 play a protective role by binding Dsg3 peptides with greater affinity than the susceptible alleles, allowing for efficient deletion of autoreactive T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The use of computational techniques has been instrumental in advancing epitope-based vaccine research, with much work focusing on predicting the binding specificities of peptides to MHC molecules. (biomedcentral.com)

For example, peptide vaccination using a CD8 T cell-activating HER-2/neu epitope (amino acids 369-377) is an approach that is being considered in advanced phase clinical trials. (elsevierpure.com)
MOG 76 - 100 peptide is an immunodominant epitope of MOG that induces strong T and B cell responses and Induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in rodents. (peptides.de)
This Cysteine containing MOG 76 - 100 peptide can be use to induced polyclonal anti-MOG 71 - 90 antibody production in rabbits with high specificity, high affinity, and high titer indicating its high purity, as well as suitability for peptide-coated ELISA and Western blot assay. (peptides.de)
Further insights on the roles of CD8 + specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Although a limited number of immunodominant peptide epitopes are consistently observed in diseases such as HIV-1 infection, the relationship between immunodominance and antigen processing in humans is largely unknown. (jci.org)
We sought to identify an altered peptide ligand (APL) based on the endogenously expressed synovial auto-epitope of human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HC gp-39) for modulation of cognate, HLA-DR4-restricted T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A neutralization test in vitro showed that the peptide-specific mouse antisera of IDE4 (242-256 aa) and HN341-355, a reported neutralizing linear epitope, could partially neutralize avirulent LaSota as well as virulent strains at similar levels, suggesting that IDE4 might be a potential neutralizing linear epitope. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the methods for identifying epitopes, peptide scanning technology, such as pepscan, has been widely used due to its high sensitivity and rapidity [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
One feasible explanation because of this difference in peptide-specific T cells is actually a smaller sized preliminary peripheral T cell repertoire against Fel d 1 because of a more powerful thymic deletion of T cells spotting epitopes of mammalian origins (phylogenetically nearer to individual epitopes) than T cell spotting epitopes on substances of plant origins. (ncbedbugs.com)
developed transgenic mice bearing MOG peptide-specific T cell receptors, resulting in spontaneous relapsing-remitting EAE along with the expansion of autoreactive B cells that produce autoantibodies binding to a conformational epitope on the native MOG protein [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

Studies have suggested that the persistence of HER-2/neu-specific CD8 T cells could be improved by incorporating human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II epitopes in the vaccine. (elsevierpure.com)
Our goal in this study was to identify broad coverage HLA-DR epitopes of HER-2/neu, an antigen that is highly expressed in a variety of carcinomas. (elsevierpure.com)
Experimental Design: A combination of algorithms and HLA-DR-binding assays was used to identify HLA-DR epitopes of HER-2/neu antigen. (elsevierpure.com)
All four epitopes are naturally processed by antigen-presenting cells. (elsevierpure.com)
SARS Coronavirus Envelope Protein is a recombinant antigen which contains the N-terminus (1-76 amino acids) of the Envelope protein immunodominant regions. (biogenericpublishers.com)
In this way, previously immunodominant epitopes expressed on the free-circulating antigen (e.g., spike protein in case of SC-2) can no longer be recognized by the host immune system whereas previously outcompeted antigenic determinants comprised within the same antigen but expressed on infected or transfected target cells will take advantage of the masking effect to recall the corresponding previously primed Abs. (nooows.com)
It suffices to understand that internalization of secreted in vivo synthesized S protein into antigen-presenting cells (APCs) will provide cognate and noncognate T help to immunodominant epitopes on the free-circulating S protein and S protein expressed at the surface of the mRNA-transfected target cells, respectively. (nooows.com)
This important finding that the pathogenic autoantibodies recognize a conformational epitope on the native antigen protein led to the designation of the human anti-MOG autoantibody-associated disease [ 5 ] [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)

The HAdV-derived protein hexon has been recognized as a major immunodominant target across HAdV species. (biomedcentral.com)
A primary objective in malaria vaccine design is the generation of high-quality antibody responses against the circumsporozoite protein of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum (PfCSP). (nature.com)
The Flavivirus E protein contains immunodominant antibody epitopes that are conserved (cross-reactive) between different flaviviruses or unique to each virus (type-specific) ( 10 - 12 ). (cdc.gov)
Subsequently, we show the efficacy of the T. cruzi immunodominant glycotope Galα3LN, covalently linked to a carrier protein (human serum albumin, HSA), as a prophylactic vaccine candidate in the acute model of ChD. (utep.edu)
The former encompasses the trisaccharide Galα1,3Galβ1,4GlcNAcα (Galα3LNα), an immunodominant glycotope found on the trypomastigote mucins, coupled to a maleimide-modified human serum albumin as carrier protein. (utep.edu)
In this study, we analyzed B-cell immunodominant epitopes (IDEs) of the HN protein from the vaccine strain LaSota using pepscan technology with LaSota-specific chicken hyperimmune antisera. (biomedcentral.com)
Human Coronavirus NL63 Nucleoprotein is a recombinant protein containing the nucleocapsid C-terminal region (130 amino acids), cloned and expressed in E. coli , and purified by affinity chromatography (nickel column) [4]. (biogenericpublishers.com)

Due to the artificial nature of drug/chemical-T-cell epitopes, it is not clear whether thymic selection of drug/chemical-specific T cells is a common phenomenon or remains limited to few donors or simply does not exist, suggesting T-cell receptor (TCR) cross-reactivity with other antigens. (frontiersin.org)
The screening identified sixteen immunodominant antigens that elicited activation of circulating memory T-cells in 10% to 33% of the individuals. (johnshopkins.edu)
In summary, the results suggests that in addition to factors of the innate immunity, "promiscuous" T-cell antigens might contribute to the high efficacy of the yellow fever vaccines. (johnshopkins.edu)
Traditional Flavivirus serologic assays exhibit poor specificity in distinguishing DENV from ZIKV infections because these assays use whole virions or E proteins containing conserved epitopes as antigens ( 13 - 15 ). (cdc.gov)
A condition where memory B Cells in practice are immunodominant in advance for related (variant) antigens of a virus. (substack.com)
This would not be an intrinsic property, i.e. "blind-spot" of the immune system, but would arise when "imprinting" antigens wind up as self-immunodominant (vs. likely or possible variants). (substack.com)
In this study, we assessed the diagnostic potential of 118 different M.tb infection phase-dependent antigens in TB patients and household contacts (HHCs) in a high-burden setting. (biomedcentral.com)
Antigens were evaluated using the 7-day whole blood culture technique in 23 pulmonary TB patients and in 19 to 21 HHCs (total n = 101), who were recruited from a high-TB incidence community in Cape Town, South Africa. (biomedcentral.com)

An immunodominant NP105-113-B*07:02 cytotoxic T cell response controls viral replication and is associated with less severe COVID-19 disease. (ox.ac.uk)
The vaccinated are showing viral loads (very high) similar to the unvaccinated ( Acharya et al . (petersmanjak.com)

The relationship between class I binding affinity and immunogenicity of potential cytotoxic T cell epitopes. (google.nl)

Furthermore, we have shown that the regions flanking the immunodominant epitope constitute a portable motif that increases the production and antigenicity of otherwise subdominant epitopes. (jci.org)
Notably, cytosolic digestion experiments revealed flanking residues proximal to the immunodominant epitope that increased the production and antigenicity of otherwise subdominant epitopes. (jci.org)
Furthermore, specific point mutations in these portable flanking sequences modulated the production and antigenicity of epitopes. (jci.org)
The immunogenicity, antigenicity scores, and toxicity of these epitopes were evaluated and chosen based on their capacity to elicit an immune response. (springeropen.com)

Nineteen candidate nonamers from hexon and penton proteins were identified by epitope binding prediction. (biomedcentral.com)
Due to the presence of two and three genomes in the tetraploid and hexaploid wheat varieties, respectively, these produce more gluten proteins, which is favorable for the production of high-quality dough. (karger.com)

Recently, we identified the minor repeat-specific mAb L9 as one of the most potent anti-PfCSP mAbs isolated to date 17 , which can also confer high-level sterilizing immunity against CHMI in humans 4 . (nature.com)

Conclusion: The broad coverage and natural immunity to this epitope pool suggests potential usefulness in HER-2/neu-targeting, immune-based therapies such as vaccines. (elsevierpure.com)
Vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have shown high efficacy, but immunocompromised participants were excluded from controlled clinical trials. (nature.com)
These results will help elucidate the antigenic epitopes of the HN and facilitate the development of NDV vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)
Note that absolute AU/ml values (given on 4A) are ~10X higher for BioNTech recipients to Wuhan and all variants vs. other vaccines. (substack.com)
results, natural infection may typically lead to a mix of "rough draft" and high affinity results from person-to-person, whereas the persistent, repeated, and monomaniacal presentation of spike caused by the mRNA vaccines guarantees a high-affinity result leading to self-immunodominance. (substack.com)
Compared to a clinically relevant prime-boost regimen with soluble vaccines formulated with CpG/alum or 3M-052/alum adjuvants, PNP hydrogel vaccines more rapidly generated higher, broader, and more durable antibody responses. (uw.edu)
This research is entirely reliant on the development of epitope-based vaccines, and these in silico findings would represent a major step forward in the development of a vaccine that might eradicate SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladeshi patients. (springeropen.com)

Conclusions Targeting subdominant T cell responses with lower avidity against pMHC affinity neoepitopes showed potential for improving PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Here, we have demonstrated that endogenous processing and presentation of a human immunodominant HIV-1 epitope is more efficient than that of a subdominant epitope. (jci.org)
We used a novel in vitro degradation assay involving cytosolic extracts as well as endogenous intracellular processing assays to examine 2 well-characterized HIV-1 Gag overlapping epitopes presented by the same HLA class I allele, one of which is consistently immunodominant and the other subdominant in infected persons. (jci.org)

By targeting common immunodominant allergens and their most important epitopes across the patient population, we intend to treat allergic pediatric and adult patients alike across severe food and environmental allergies. (blackradionetwork.com)

These results have high potential for immunotherapy against a broad range of tumors. (silverchair.com)

Results: Eighty-four HLA-DR epitopes of HER-2/neu were predicted, 15 of which had high binding affinity for ≥11 common HLA-DR molecules. (elsevierpure.com)

We aimed at identifying further targets of protective anti-HAdV immune response and characterizing immunogenic epitopes. (biomedcentral.com)
The best multi-epitope of the possible immunogenic property was created by combining epitopes. (springeropen.com)

Molecular dynamics simulations revealed a critical role of the L9 light chain in integrity of the homotypic interface, which likely impacts PfCSP affinity and protective efficacy. (nature.com)
Our data show that NP105-113-B*07:02-specific T cell responses associate with mild disease and high antiviral efficacy, pointing to inclusion for future vaccine design. (ox.ac.uk)

Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8 + T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. (bmj.com)
In vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo adoptive transfer experiments were performed to determine the cytotoxicity of high and low avidity populations. (bmj.com)
Prior function acquired described Fel d 1 T cell epitopes on string 1 generally, through cell proliferation assays of T cell lines set up from persons hypersensitive to felines (26). (ncbedbugs.com)

MASPpep encompasses B- and T-cell epitopes revealed by proteomics and immunoinformatics. (utep.edu)

The resulting diverse naïve repertoire contains T-cell clones that recognize epitopes of yet unseen pathogens, and can participate in the immune response to infection or vaccination. (elifesciences.org)
In several computer-based immune response analyses, this vaccine design was found to be efficient, as well as having high population coverage. (springeropen.com)

Estimating the fraction of the T-cell response directed against the single immunodominant epitope, we identify the sequence features of TCRs that define the high precursor frequency of the two major TCR motifs specific for this particular epitope. (elifesciences.org)

This is due to 'immune refocusing', a phenomenon that occurs when pre-existing Abs bind to their pathogen-associated target epitopes with low affinity (i.e., not allowing virus neutralization in case of SC-2, for example): see fig.attached at the bottom. (nooows.com)

Evidence of preexistent immunity in cancer patients against the identified epitopes was determined using IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELIspot) assay. (elsevierpure.com)
These findings reveal the molecular mechanism of the unique NPNV selectivity of L9 and emphasize the importance of anti-homotypic affinity maturation in protective immunity against P. falciparum . (nature.com)
2023. CD4+ T cell-mediated recognition of a conserved cholesterol-dependent cytolysin epitope generates broad antibacterial immunity . (cardiff.ac.uk)
This follow-up chart is the most updated and comprehensive library list of 140 of the highest-quality, complete, most robust scientific studies and evidence reports/position statements on natural immunity as compared to the COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity and allow you to draw your own conclusion. (petersmanjak.com)

In fact, MOG was initially identified as an immunodominant target for demyelinating autoantibodies in a guinea pig model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) [ 2 ] [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Identification of an immunodominant region recognized by human autoantibodies in a three-dimensional model of thyroid peroxidase. (rusmedserv.com)

Identification of new immunodominant epitopes will facilitate and broaden immune assessment strategies to identify patients suitable for T-cell transfer. (biomedcentral.com)

Functional characterization of high and low avidity GSW11-specific CD8 + T cells was conducted using flow cytometry and bulk RNA-seq. (bmj.com)
Therefore, defining the linear epitopes of HN, especially neutralizing epitopes, will be useful for revealing its antigenic characterization. (biomedcentral.com)

High avidity T cells (Tet hi ), if present, were only found in progressing PD-1 refractory tumors. (bmj.com)
Tet lo demonstrated precursor exhausted or progenitor T cell phenotypes marked by higher expression of Tcf-1 and T-bet, and lower expression of the exhaustion markers CD39, PD-1 and Eomes compared with Tet hi , whereas Tet hi cells were terminally exhausted. (bmj.com)
We demonstrated a beneficial association of NP105-113-B*07:02-specific T cells in COVID-19 disease progression, linked with expansion of T cell precursors, high functional avidity and antiviral effector function. (ox.ac.uk)

however, this study demonstrates RCKr to have high analytical specificity and sensitivity for Rickettsia detection. (cdc.gov)

Among them, 42 could be produced and characterized for solubility, oligomerization state, thermal stability, epitope exposure and structural properties. (europa.eu)

The hybridomas all respond to the HC gp-39(263-275) epitope when bound to HLA-DR4(B1*0401) but differ in their fine specificities. (biomedcentral.com)
SIRPα-Fc-CD40L bound CD47 and CD40 with high affinity and activated CD40 signaling in the absence of Fc receptor cross-linking. (aacrjournals.org)

Fifty-one vaccine candidates were designed mainly to mimic fusion intermediate conformations of gp41 and in some instance to increase exposure of the 2F5/4E10 epitopes. (europa.eu)

Adoptive transfer of Tet lo showed more effective tumor control than Tet hi , and curative responses were achieved when Tet lo was combined with two doses of anti-PD-1. (bmj.com)

These results would not have been possible without critical recent innovations in the field, such as the development of safe and efficient materials for in vivo mRNA delivery and advanced protocols for the production of high quality mRNA. (researchgate.net)

Feature papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. (mdpi.com)

The overall outcome of the thymic selection is the maintenance of a T-cell repertoire that has sufficient, but not too strong, affinity for any self-pMHC complex ( 29 ). (frontiersin.org)

However, L9 is highly specific for the NPNV (minor) repeats and relies on critical contributions from the light chain for both NPNV selectivity and high potency 8 . (nature.com)
high-specific S-IgA were observed in mucosal secretions, where showed a stronger anti-bacterial activity than their serum counterparts, supporting the primary role of S-IgA in controlling mucosal infections. (biomedcentral.com)
Other specific initiatives were conducted such as evaluation of the sublingual route for immunization, investigation of the Principal Immunodominant Domain (PID) of gp41, and direct HIV inhibition with an Ag family which demonstrated in vitro antiviral activities comparable to the antiretroviral drug T20 (Fuzeon). (europa.eu)
Its specific binding site is Epitope [3] (Figures 6-10). (biogenericpublishers.com)

We tested two distinct libraries: a low-diversity library composed of synNC surface mutations (45 variants) and a high-diversity library composed of synNCs displaying miniproteins with binder-like properties (6.2 million variants). (uw.edu)

Moreover, key process performance and product quality investigations using a series of orthogonal and state-of-the-art techniques were conducted to demonstrate the comparability of products manufactured using these three processes, and the results indicated that, despite observed variations in process performance, the primary and high-order structures, purity and impurity profiles, biological and immunological functions, and degradation behaviors under stress conditions were largely comparable. (bvsalud.org)

While we did not identify any variants from the low-diversity surface library that yielded therapeutically relevant changes in biodistribution, the high-diversity miniprotein display library yielded variants that shifted accumulation toward lungs or muscles in just two rounds of in vivo selection. (uw.edu)

Here we demonstrate that by using glycopeptides with high affinity for the major histocompatibility complex and glycosylated in a position corresponding to a critical T cell receptor (TcR) contact, it is possible to induce anti-TACA CTL in vivo. (silverchair.com)

We found that L9 Fab binds multivalently to the minor (NPNV) repeat domain, which is stabilized by a unique set of affinity-matured homotypic, antibody-antibody contacts. (nature.com)
Part of this is due to the unique properties of wheat gluten, which has a high nutritional value and is crucial for the preparation of high-quality dough. (karger.com)
Bioinformatics techniques are used to predict B cell and T cell epitopes from the new SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in order to build a unique multiple epitope vaccine. (springeropen.com)

This implies limited utility in high-burden settings where the prevalence of LTBI is usually high. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms8

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes28

Information Science3

Health Care1

Antibodies10

Peptides16

Peptide10

Antigen8

Protein7

Antigens8

Viral2

Cytotoxic1

Antigenicity4

Proteins2

Humans1

Vaccines7

Subdominant3

Allergens1

Immunotherapy1

Molecules1

Immunogenic2

Efficacy2

Assays3

Immunoinformatics1

Immune response2

TCRs1

Bind1

Immunity4

Autoantibodies2

Identification1

Characterization2

Cells3

Specificity1

Structural1

Bound2

Exposure1

Responses1

MRNA1

Potential1

Thymic1

Specific4

Mutations1

Results1

Identify1

Major1

Unique3

Prevalence1