High endothelial cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

When the regulatory balance is adversely affected, dysfunction of endothelial cells may occur. (spandidos-publications.com)
Endothelial dysfunction during diabetes has been previously reported to be at least in part attributed to increased oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels mediated by high glucose (HG) levels. (spandidos-publications.com)
These results suggest that rosmarinic acid can exert a protective effect against oxLDL‑mediated endothelial dysfunction under HG conditions by reducing the interaction between monocytes and ECs in addition to preventing monocyte diapedesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
A number of studies have previously suggested that vascular endothelial dysfunction caused by increased junctional permeability is a key event in the development and progression of atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Chronic metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, promote endothelial dysfunction and eventually leakage, resulting in increased monocyte diapedesis ( 5 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Endothelial dysfunction during diabetes is closely associated with increased oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels mediated by high glucose (HG) conditions ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
SARS-CoV-2 infection primarily affects the pulmonary system, but accumulating evidence suggests that it also affects the pan-vasculature in the extrapulmonary systems by directly (via virus infection) or indirectly (via cytokine storm), causing endothelial dysfunction (endotheliitis, endothelialitis and endotheliopathy) and multi-organ injury. (nature.com)
The purpose of this review is to provide a latest summary of biomarkers associated with endothelial cell activation in COVID-19 and offer mechanistic insights into the molecular basis of endothelial activation/dysfunction in macro- and micro-vasculature of COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
We envisage further development of cellular models and suitable animal models mimicking endothelial dysfunction aspect of COVID-19 being able to accelerate the discovery of new drugs targeting endothelial dysfunction in pan-vasculature from COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)
A number of viral species, such as dengue, ebola and cytomegalovirus can infect endothelial cells (ECs) and cause endothelial dysfunction [ 5 ]. (nature.com)
Taken together, the concerted actions of above factors lead to dysfunctional status of the vascular endothelium (endothelial dysfunction) (Fig. 1 ) [ 14 ]. (nature.com)
Fig. 1: SARS-CoV-2 induced endothelial dysfunction. (nature.com)
SARS-CoV-2 infection alters the balance of endothelial protective molecules and endothelial damaging molecules, leading to endothelial dysfunction. (nature.com)
Conclusions: This study has identified dysfunction of the systemic vascular endothelial cell in patients with normal pressure glaucoma. (bmj.com)
The metabolic abnormalities of diabetes, mainly hyperglycemia, cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction in endothelial cells leading to endothelial dysfunction. (lum.it)
The findings might be of clinical significance as endothelial dysfunction, that could lead to cardiovascular disease, is reversed by caffeic acid consumption, as well as other dietary plant polyphenols, suggesting that this approach could be applied to the prevention of diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, including atherosclerosis. (lum.it)
Adverse stimuli such as pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory cytokines or reactive oxygen species, induce endothelial injury and dysfunction. (rug.nl)
When persistent, this dysfunction can result in endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) which contributes to fibro-proliferative disease. (rug.nl)
Officers with higher post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms had a nearly two-fold reduction in brachial artery flow-mediated dilation, indicating greater impairment of endothelial function (physiologic dysfunction of the normal biochemical processes carried out by the cells which line the inner surface of blood vessels) than officers with fewer PTSD symptoms. (cdc.gov)

The results of this study suggest that kaempferol targets ERRα and suppresses the angiogenesis of HRECs under high glucose conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
A study has demonstrated that activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α)/ERRα pathway increases VEGF expression and angiogenesis in endothelial cells, which suggests that ERRα may be involved in the pathogenesis of DR ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
It is well established that insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling is important for cell responses such as mitogenesis, cell growth, proliferation, angiogenesis, and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
These cells can be differentiated into mature endothelial cells, which are involved in processes of angiogenesis and vessel regeneration. (intechopen.com)
This chapter provides an overview of the key role of hEPC in promoting angiogenesis and their potential use for cell therapy. (intechopen.com)
For several decades, neovascularization is believed to be accomplished by proliferation of mature endothelial cells residing in the local vessels through the process of angiogenesis [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Interleukin-6, IL-6) in AF with particular reference to circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) as a novel marker of endothelial health/angiogenesis. (bham.ac.uk)
Transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) can promote the proliferation of multiple cancer cells, corneal endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, which participate in angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
Disorganized angiogenesis leads to poor perfusion of anti-cancer drugs and limits access to immune cells. (manipal.edu)
However, its role has not been evaluated in hypoxic choroidal endothelial cells (CECs), the precursor of VEGF-mediated choroidal angiogenesis. (molvis.org)
During angiogenesis, actin-rich filopodia protrusions have been proposed to drive endothelial tip cell functions by translating guidance cues into directional migration and mediating new contacts during anastomosis. (biologists.com)
To investigate the structural organisation, dynamics and functional importance of F-actin in endothelial cells (ECs) during angiogenesis in vivo , we generated a transgenic zebrafish line expressing Lifeact-EGFP in ECs. (biologists.com)
ETP augmented fibrosis, angiogenesis, and inflammation through recruitment of macrophages and endothelial cells. (jci.org)
VEGF is responsible for stimulating the proliferation of microvascular endothelial cells and inducing angiogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Treatment with 30 mM glucose also increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein, and the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and protein were suppressed by kaempferol (10 and 30 µM). (spandidos-publications.com)
Among the angiogenic mediators, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered to be the main stimulating factor, which acts via promoting the migration and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and thereby stimulates the generation of new blood vessels ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Important signaling factors for vasculogenesis are TGF-β, BMP4, and VEGF, all of which promote pluripotent stem cells to differentiate into mesoderm, endothelial progenitor cells, and then into mature endothelium. (wikipedia.org)
Not only is VEGF critical for mesoderm cells to become an EC, but also for EPCs to differentiate into mature endothelium. (wikipedia.org)
YAP expression increased following laser exposure, in accordance with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. (molvis.org)
Among them, VEGF-A can promote the division and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and neovascularization and maintain the survival of new vessels. (molvis.org)
Mesodermal progenitor cells are further differentiated into ECs by utilizing a combination of human vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 8-Bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt monohydrate (8Bro) and melatonin (Mel) for 48 h. (biomedcentral.com)
In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that not only vascular endothelial cells growth factor (VEGF) enhances EC fate commitment, but also basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) further facilitates EC differentiation [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Activated SIRT1 signals hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α, which transactivates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin. (molvis.org)
Previously Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, VEGF, had been found in human biopsies of degenerated tendons and in cyclically strained fibroblast cell cultures (1). (cdc.gov)

One complementary therapy could be 're-activating' vasculogenesis (i.e. the differentiation of precursor cells into mature endothelial cells), a mechanism that occurs in the heart during development but is quiescent in adult hearts. (elifesciences.org)

Endothelial inflammation increases the adhesiveness of monocytes to the endothelium in addition to increasing vascular permeability, promoting diabetic atherogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
ESCs will eventually produce endothelial cells (ECs), which create the thin-walled endothelium that lines the inner surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. (wikipedia.org)
Role of insulin-like growth factors in endothelium differentiation ECs derived from stem cells are the beginning of vasculogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
The endothelium appears to be damaged both by AF and various other vascular diseases (e.g. hypertension) that frequently co-exist with the arrhythmia, with similar disruption to endothelial repair (normally effected by endothelial progenitor cells). (bham.ac.uk)
It has been demonstrated that the transcription factor NF-κB, functionally dependent on cellular redox status, plays a key role in endothelial activation triggering adhesion molecules gene expression and then leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. (lum.it)
A patient with a healthy endothelium can endure the cell loss difference found in this study. (bmj.com)
The mechanism(s) underlying the described ill effects of high glucose/hypertonicity on endothelium and the relevance of such abnormalities to diabetic angiopathy are currently under investigation. (diabetesjournals.org)
The lymphoblasts and the macrophages recruited to pulmonary tissue by the high viral burden may provoke a lymphokine-mediated activation of vascular endothelium, thereby increasing pulmonary capillary permeability. (medscape.com)

Compared with 5 mM normal glucose treatment, high (30 mM) glucose significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HRECs, which was antagonized by 10 and 30 µM kaempferol in a dose‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)

The present study aimed to examine the effect of kaempferol on high glucose‑induced human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in vitro. (spandidos-publications.com)
In this study, human renal glomerular endothelial cells (HRGECs) were exposed to high glucose in vitro, exogenous sodium butyrate was used as an intervention reagent, and then caspase 1 inhibitor Ac-YVAD-CMK pre-treated or silencing GSDMD by siRNA on HRGECs. (diabetesjournals.org)
However, both in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that a significant proportion of the cell-synthesized FGF is found outside the cells, localized in the extracellular matrix bound to heparin-like glycosaminoglycans. (nih.gov)
In vitro studies revealed similar cell permissiveness and replication of CSUR381 (compared with 2 other NiV isolates) in both bat and human cell lines. (cdc.gov)
In project no. 81-02 a novel in vitro approach was established by replacing flatbed cultures through cultivation of endothelial cells on microcarrier beads. (forschung3r.ch)
This allows the interaction between blood cells and derived natural factors and interactions with endothelial cells to be studied in vitro . (forschung3r.ch)
The system is based on endothelial cells (as an example, porcine aortic endothelial cells, PAEC) which are previously expanded in vitro in conventional flatbed culture systems. (forschung3r.ch)
The in vitro model consists of a coculture of bovine brain capillary endothelial cells (BBCEC) and rat glial cells. (aspetjournals.org)
To identify whether and how hyperglycemia may compromise the endothelial barrier, we have employed an in vitro system of human endothelial cells obtained from umbilical veins and cultured in elevated glucose concentrations (20 mM). (diabetesjournals.org)
In this manuscript, we report the in vitro mutagenicity of waterpipe smoke condensate (WSC), the alteration in cellular parameters of lung alveolar cells in response to WSC exposure and discuss the implication of cellular responses in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (who.int)

We studied the secretome profile of gestational tissue-derived MSCs and their effects on functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), another angiogenic cell type that plays an important role during the neovascularization. (hindawi.com)
However, recent studies have demonstrated that other angiogenic cells called endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) also play an important role during the formation of new vessels through the process of vasculogenesis [ 7 - 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Significance: Our method for isolating endothelial cell types from human breast tumors may be explored to (a) understand cellular and molecular mechanisms, (b) screen anti-angiogenic molecules, and (c) formulate organoid cultures to develop personalized medicine facilitating better clinical management of breast cancers. (manipal.edu)
Members of this family of potent endothelial mitogens and angiogenic factors have been shown to bind with high affinity to immobilized heparin. (nih.gov)

As the first layer of renal filtration barrier, whether high glucose triggers glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) is unclear. (diabetesjournals.org)
Importantly, renal biopsies from two patients with vasculitis showed leukocyte-derived microvesicles bearing B1-receptors docking on glomerular endothelial cells. (lu.se)
Microvesicles derived from B1-receptor-transfected human embryonic kidney cells transferred B1-receptors to wild-type human embryonic kidney cells, lacking the receptor, and to glomerular endothelial cells. (lu.se)

The proliferation of choroidal endothelial cells (CECs) is one important step in the formation of new vessels. (molvis.org)
Choroidal endothelial cells (RF/6A) were maintained in a semiconfluent state and hypoxia was induced by exposing the cells to cobalt chloride for 24 h. (molvis.org)

These findings have led to the suggestion that matrix-associated FGF represents an extracellular reservoir that may be released by the action of heparan sulfate degrading enzymes introduced during inflammation or tumor metastasis or by heparin that is released from mast cells. (nih.gov)
Here we determined whether leukocyte-derived microvesicles bear B1-kinin receptors during vasculitis, and if microvesicles transfer functional B1-receptors to recipient cells, thus promoting inflammation. (lu.se)
We also assessed the effect of WSC on the expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and inflammation. (who.int)

however, TSP‑1 and ADAMTS‑1 levels did not differ between high glucose and normal (5 mM) glucose conditions. (spandidos-publications.com)
Previous research showed that the gut microbiota metabolites-butyrate, reversed high glucose induced IL-1β release in mesangial cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
Therefore, we hypothesized that high glucose may induce GECs pyroptosis and then trigger inflammatory, but sodium butyrate may alleviate it. (diabetesjournals.org)
Our results showed that high glucose increased the protein level of GSDMD, GSDMD-N and cleaved-caspase-1, and induced the release of IL-1β and LDH, PI positive staining cells also increased synchronously. (diabetesjournals.org)
Sodium butyrate co-treated, pretreatment with caspase-1 inhibitor or GSDMD siRNA alleviated high glucose-induced pyroptosis in HRGECs, respectively. (diabetesjournals.org)
Overall, this is the first observation of the potential relationship between sodium butyrate and pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of DN, proved that sodium butyrate could inhibit high glucose-induced Caspase1-GSDMD canonical pyroptosis pathway, which may act as new therapeutic targets of DN. (diabetesjournals.org)
2006). In this study we investigated if physiological concentrations of CA (10 nM) were able to protect human endothelial cells against alterations induced by high glucose levels (HG) in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs). (lum.it)
In contrast, culturing on Laminin-421 induced the expression of β-cell genes, including Ins1 , MafA , and Glut2 , and significantly improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. (nature.com)
Previous reports indicate that the mechanisms of DN involve a multifactorial interaction of metabolic and hemodynamic factors such as high blood glucose, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (hindawi.com)
More profound suppression of cell number was present in cultures exposed to 40 mM glucose. (diabetesjournals.org)
Similar, albeit slightly lesser, effects were observed in cultures exposed to 20 mM mannitol, mimicking the hypertonicity of the high glucose media. (diabetesjournals.org)

Recently, we analyzed serum biomarkers by using samples from the Gulu outbreak and identified associations between cytokines/chemokines, acute-phase reactants, markers of coagulopathy, and markers of endothelial function and patient death, hemorrhage, and viremia. (cdc.gov)

Uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), central corneal endothelial cell count and hexagonality (non-contact endothelial cell microscope) were assessed preoperatively at 40 and at 180 days postoperatively. (bmj.com)

Using pet types of chronic and severe irritation, it's been convincingly showed that plasma S1P limitations disruption of vascular endothelial monolayers and decreases oedema57.Today Sphingosine and it is family members continue to shock and confound us. (moonphase2018.com)
Aprotinin transcytosis across bovine brain capillary endothelial cell (BBCEC) monolayers is at least 10-fold greater than that of holo-transferrin. (aspetjournals.org)
Endothelial cell (EC) monolayers located in the inner lining of blood vessels serve as a semipermeable barrier between circulating blood and surrounding tissues. (rsc.org)

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are cultured under serum-free conditions and induced into mesodermal progenitor cells via stimulation of Wnt signaling for 24 h. (biomedcentral.com)

Disruption of endothelial homeostasis (damage vs. repair) is thought to be central to this process. (bham.ac.uk)

Thus, it has been shown that early EPCs release cytokines that promote tissue regeneration and neovasculogenesis, whereas late EPC and endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) contribute to the formation of blood vessels and stimulate tube formation. (intechopen.com)

They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)

Ceramide sets off many pathways that creates endothelial cell loss of life, including activation of caspases, or PP2A2 or PP1,55, and raising mitochondrial permeability by developing ceramide-enriched platforms with the capacity of translocating protein. (moonphase2018.com)

Human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) are adult stem cells, located in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. (intechopen.com)
Here we report that in non-endothelial cells such as human multiple myeloma cell lines and the mouse myoblast cell line C2C12, both monomeric and dimeric forms of sENG inhibit BMP9 signaling when present at high concentrations. (ntnu.no)
Here, we report on a novel human endothelial cell-based recycling assay (HERA) that can be used for such pre-clinical screening. (nature.com)
Melero-Martin JM , Khan ZA , Picard A , In vivo vasculogenic potential of human blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells . (avma.org)
Results: We have developed a robust and reproducible method for isolating and ex vivo culture of endothelial cells (EC) derived from non-malignant (Endo-N) and malignant (Endo-T) part from clinically characterized human breast tumors. (manipal.edu)
Thus, human endocrine cells are not in direct contact with the vascular BM components but with the invaginated peri-islet membrane. (nature.com)
Association of embryonal carcinomas with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells may cause increases in serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels. (medscape.com)
Here we investigate the effect of material wrinkled topographies on the responses of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and adhesion of monocytes to HUVECs. (rsc.org)
Microvesicles derived from neutrophils also transferred B1-receptors to wild-type human embryonic kidney cells and induced calcium influx after stimulation. (lu.se)

However, release of FGF into the circulation, where there has been 'compromise' in the vascular system, indicate a dramatic influence on the rate of proliferation of vascular cells at the injured sites. (nih.gov)

The aim of this work was to study the protective activity of a honey of multifloral origin, standardized for total antioxidant power and analytically profiled (HPLC-MS) in antioxidants, in a cultured endothelial cell line (EA.hy926) subjected to oxidative stress. (researchgate.net)
Ceramides have already been associated with development arrest also, cytoskeleton rearrangements, oxidative senescence and stress of endothelial cells2. (moonphase2018.com)
Recent review reported that these compounds are able to induce Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) that in turn upregulates the expression of antioxidant genes involved in the protection of the cells from oxidative damage (Speciale et al, 2011). (lum.it)

Endothelial cells can be found throughout the whole vascular system and they also play a vital role in the movement of white blood cells ECs were first thought to arise from extraembryonic tissues because blood vessels were observed in the avian and mammalian embryos. (wikipedia.org)
When vasculogenesis occurs the cells transform into different versions throughout the process to eventually become the earliest blood vessels. (wikipedia.org)
hEPCs have been used for cell-based therapies due to their capacity to contribute in the re-endothelialization of injured blood vessels and neovascularization in ischemic tissues. (intechopen.com)
Endothelial cells (ECs) form the inner lining of all blood vessels of the body play important roles in vascular tone regulation, hormone secretion, anticoagulation, regulation of blood cell adhesion and immune cell extravasation. (biomedcentral.com)
Endothelial cells form the inner lining of all blood vessels of the mammalian organism. (biomedcentral.com)
Thick-walled blood vessels with (plump) hobnail endothelial cells and abundant eosinophils. (medscape.com)

APC regulates the coagulation system by inactivating the activated form of factors V and VIII in the presence of protein S. Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) plays critical roles in the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation, acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock in sepsis by inducing endothelial cell damage through activation of neutrophils. (eurekaselect.com)

Katagiri K, Itami S, Hatano Y, Yamaguchi T, Takayasu S. In vivo expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-gamma mRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and effect of cyclosporin A in a patient with Kimura's disease. (medscape.com)

Native honey (1% w/v pH 7.4, 10(6) cells) showed strong quenching activity against lipophilic cumoxyl and cumoperoxyl radicals, with significant suppression/prevention of cell damage, complete inhibition of cell membrane oxidation, of intracellular ROS production and recovery of intracellular GSH. (researchgate.net)
Such inhibition can be alleviated by the overexpression of ENG and ACVRL1 (encoding ALK1) in the non-endothelial cells. (ntnu.no)
APC reduces the pulmonary endothelial cell injury and hypotension in rats administered endotoxin (ET) by inhibiting TNF-α production through inhibition of its transcription. (eurekaselect.com)

Progenitor stem cells are committed to differentiating along a particular cell developmental pathway. (wikipedia.org)
However, WSC induced cell cycle arrest and cellular senescence mediated by the p53-p21 pathway. (who.int)
We present a rate equation model for the TGF-β pathway in endothelial cells together with novel measurements. (lu.se)

BNP also stimulated the proliferation of WT1 + epicardium-derived cells but only in the hypoxic area of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
The formation of new vessels in the hypoxic area restores blood flow, provides oxygen and nutriments to the surviving cells, and promotes the migration and engraftment of new cells. (elifesciences.org)
Induction of hypoxia was confirmed by flow cytometric analysis and the levels of SIRT1 were noted in a hypoxic condition as well in the cells after blocking SIRT1 activity using sirtinol. (molvis.org)
Hypoxic induction was confirmed using flow cytometric analysis, which showed cell cycle arrest starting at a 200 µM concentration of cobalt chloride. (molvis.org)
In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of RCE in endothelial cells challenged with hypoxic exposure and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. (mdpi.com)

In a previous study, it was reported that oxLDL treatment induced nucleotide‑binding domain and leucine‑rich repeat containing family, pyrin domain‑containing 3 inflammasome activation in endothelial cells (ECs) under HG conditions, in a manner that could be effectively reversed by rosmarinic acid. (spandidos-publications.com)
The effects of oxLDL‑mediated inflammasome activation on endothelial permeability under HG conditions, in addition to the effects of rosmarinic acid on these oxLDL‑mediated processes, also remain poorly understood. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, PAF-induced development of ceramide microdomains drives endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation and plays a part in barrier dysfunction56. (moonphase2018.com)
Endothelial cell lineage tracing showed that BNP directly stimulated the proliferation of resident endothelial cells via NPR-A binding and p38 MAP kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
The beads can be analyzed by immunofluorescence for various cell activation markers, cell integrity etc., while the plasma is used to analyze the coagulation/inflammatory status. (forschung3r.ch)
In this system potential "endothelial cell protectants", i.e. substances which preserve endothelial integrity and prevent activation of the endothelial cells, can be pre-incubated with the cells in the flask or co-incubated with the whole blood, and their effects assessed. (forschung3r.ch)

Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in oxLDL‑induced endothelial permeability and monocyte diapedesis under HG conditions, in addition to the potential effects of rosmarinic acid. (spandidos-publications.com)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem/progenitor cells which can differentiate to several mesodermal derivatives and possess an ability to secrete factors involved in neovascularization and immunomodulation [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our results demonstrated that these immature cells have a natural capacity to differentiate into endothelial cells in infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)

The peri-islet membrane, which encapsulates the islets, separates the endocrine cells from the exocrine pancreas and serves as a barrier from immune cell infiltration to the islets. (nature.com)
For the accolade, Dr Mentor conducted a study titled Investigating Novel Aspects of the Blood-Brain Barrier Using High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, which was a compilation of four papers published in highly rated peer-reviewed international journals. (uwc.ac.za)
The work focuses on ultrastructural dynamics of brain endothelial cell (BEC) communication, key constituents of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that protects the brain from pathogens and restricts access of circulatory factors. (uwc.ac.za)
According to Dr Mentor, a few researchers focus on endothelial barrier studies. (uwc.ac.za)

Other reports also show that DN is highly associated with accelerated aging in various types of cells such as tubular cells, podocytes, mesangial cells, and endothelial cells [ 21 - 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
It is produced by Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) a variety of cells, including monocytes and accounts for 90% of nephrosis in child- mesangial cells in the kidney [ 9 ]. (who.int)

Although the senescent cells remain viable, they show typical changes with enlarged and flattened cell bodies, apoptosis resistance, increased activity of senescence-associated β -galactosidase (SA- β -gal), and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors including p16 INK4A , ARF proteins, and p21 [ 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)

Immunofluorescent double staining was used to detect YAP cellular localization with CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) antibody. (molvis.org)

Therapeutic potentials of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) depend largely on their ability to secrete cytokines or factors that modulate immune response, enhance cell survival, and induce neovascularization in the target tissues. (hindawi.com)
The origin of new endothelial cells (i.e. resident or infiltrating) as well as the underlying mechanism leading to their proliferation (partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition [EndMT] or not) have long been debated. (elifesciences.org)
These effects were partially mediated through enhanced TGF-β signaling, which contributes to tissue fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. (jci.org)

Different phenotypes and subtypes of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), such as early and late EPCs, have been described according to their functionality. (intechopen.com)

By flow cytometry, plasma from patients with vasculitis were found to contain high levels of leukocyte-derived microvesicles bearing B1-receptors. (lu.se)

Endothelial cells (ECs) form a semi-permeable monolayer that separates the bloodstream from underlying tissues and regulate the infiltration of blood cells and proteins through the vessel wall ( 1 , 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Thus, we hypothesized that pericytes regulate β-cells through the production of BM components. (nature.com)
We further found that the pericytic laminin isoforms differentially regulate mouse β-cells. (nature.com)

Vasculogenesis is new production of a vascular network from mesodermal progenitor cells. (wikipedia.org)
It is important to talk more about vasculogenesis because this is what makes ECs different from other types of cells that are found in the body. (wikipedia.org)

Previous studies demonstrated that MSCs could ameliorate the pathology associated with ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral vascular disease by releasing several critical factors that increase cell survival, provide an appropriate microenvironment for repairing damaged tissue, and induce neovascularization [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

This state is mainly upheld by the endothelial surface layer, the glycocalyx, which is composed of glycolipids, proteoglycans and associated glycosaminoglycans. (forschung3r.ch)

Subsequently, rosmarinic acid treatment significantly reversed oxLDL‑induced overexpression of adhesion molecules and monocyte‑EC adhesion, oxLDL‑induced endothelial junction hyperpermeability and monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer under HG conditions, in a dose‑dependent manner. (spandidos-publications.com)

However, replacing flatbed cultures through cultivation of endothelial cells on microcarrier beads increases the surface-to-blood volume ratio twenty-fold to reach that of small arteries and veins (16 cm 2 endothelial cell surface per ml of blood). (forschung3r.ch)

Endothelial cell impairment possibly initiates aneurysm formation. (uwi.edu)

Results: Responses to K + and noradrenaline were similar in patients and controls and were unaffected by endothelial removal. (bmj.com)
These observations strongly suggest that APC might be involved not only in regulation of the coagulation system, but in regulation of inflammatory responses by preventing endothelial cell injury. (eurekaselect.com)

Additionally, after laser exposure, YAP siRNA inhibited the increased expression of PCNA, which was colocalized with endothelial cells. (molvis.org)

In this thesis we investigated how local environmental cues dictate endothelial plasticity. (rug.nl)
These results reveal that the induction of tip cells and the integration of endothelial guidance cues do not require filopodia. (biologists.com)

Until today the activity of such substances had to be tested in animal models because of complex interactions between endothelial cells, coagulation and innate immunity. (forschung3r.ch)
In conventional flatbed culture systems, work with whole, non-anticoagulated blood leads to coagulation as the endothelial surface per blood volume does not suffice to ensure that the endogenous anticoagulant state can be maintained. (forschung3r.ch)

The vascular BM surrounds the islet capillary network and directly contacts mouse endocrine cells. (nature.com)
The BBB is mainly formed by brain capillary endothelial cells that are closely sealed by tight junctions. (aspetjournals.org)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in CNV mice without or with YAP siRNA intravitreal injection and the colocalization of PCNA and CD31 were measured with western blotting and immunofluorescent double staining, respectively. (molvis.org)
RT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis indicated that these cells exhibited expression of endothelial specific genes such as PECAM-1 (CD31), Endoglin (CD105), eNOS, VE-cadherin, VCAM1, and MCAM. (manipal.edu)
Both the cell types showed stable expression of CD31 and CD105 up to seven passages. (manipal.edu)

We have shown that while loss of cell surface ENG decreases BMP9 signaling in endothelial cells, knocking down ENG in blood cancer cells enhances BMP9 signaling. (ntnu.no)

The interactions with the various BM components differentially affect β-cells, although the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. (nature.com)

Pancreatic pericytes directly support β-cells through mostly unidentified secreted factors. (nature.com)
Compared to ECs, pancreatic pericytes produce significantly higher levels of α2 and α4 laminin chains, which constitute the peri-islet and vascular BM. (nature.com)
Thus, alongside ECs, pericytes are a significant source of the islet BM, which is essential for proper β-cell function. (nature.com)

Embryonal carcinoma is one of the most common germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
[ 2 , 3 ] About 3-10% of pure germ cell tumors are embryonal carcinomas, and embryonal carcinomas are present in more than 80% of mixed germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
[ 8 ] The most accepted theory on the development of germ cell tumors involves an initiating event that causes fetal gonocytes to undergo abnormal cell division. (medscape.com)
As with other germ cell tumors, with the exception of spermatocytic seminoma , embryonal carcinomas are believed to originate from intratubular malignant germ cells. (medscape.com)
Germ cell tumors show many features of normal embryogenesis, such as pluripotency, as governed by the expression of OCT3/4 (see Immunohistochemistry). (medscape.com)
[ 8 ] In the vast majority of cases, IGCNU occurs adjacent to invasive germ cell tumors, including embryonal carcinomas. (medscape.com)
[ 14 , 15 ] In a series of testicular biopsies of patients with cryptorchidism, the rate of IGCNU was increased, and it is known that, overall, 10% of germ cells tumors are associated with cryptorchidism . (medscape.com)
Embryonal carcinomas are aggressive germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules that show promise as biomarkers for testicular malignant germ cell tumors. (medscape.com)
In all malignant germ cell tumors, microRNAs from two "clusters" (miR-371-373 and miR-302-367) are overexpressed. (medscape.com)
A panel of circulating microRNAs from these clusters (miR-371a-3p, miR-372-3p, miR-373-3p, and miR-367-3p) is highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing malignant germ cell tumors, including embryonal carcinoma and seminoma. (medscape.com)

Endothelial damage seems to be an essential prerequisite to thrombogenesis in AF. (bham.ac.uk)
These toxins appear to directly damage mucosal cells and vascular endothelial cells in the gut wall. (msdmanuals.com)

During the new blood vessel formation process, capillaries are formed when endothelial cells are stimulated to migrate, proliferate and invade the surrounding tissues ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

By that the cell surface-to-blood volume ratio reach that of small arteries and veins and suffices to ensure 'natural' anticoagulation in whole blood. (forschung3r.ch)
This endothelial surface suffices to ensure 'natural' anticoagulation in whole blood, rendering the use of anticoagulants unnecessary. (forschung3r.ch)

However, while many studies demonstrated the importance of the ECM, its interactions with β-cells are still not fully understood. (nature.com)
Accordingly, the interaction between blood cells and derived natural factors and interactions with endothelial cells cannot be studied in conventional cell culture systems. (forschung3r.ch)
Our results highlight the crucial role of ETP as an obesity-associated factor that promotes tumor growth in the context of adipocyte interactions with tumor and stromal cells. (jci.org)

It is well established that endothelial cells (EC) play a crucial role in vascular physiology. (rug.nl)

Experiments with endothelial cells fortified with the isolated fraction from native honey enriched in antioxidants, exposed to peroxyl radicals from 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (AAPH, 10 mM) and to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 50-100 microM), indicated that phenolic acids and flavonoids were the main causes of the protective effect. (researchgate.net)
Of translational relevance, several candidate drugs which are endothelial protective have been shown to improve clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients. (nature.com)

Anatomy53

Organisms10

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs113

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes45

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Dysfunction19

Angiogenesis14

VEGF10

Mature endothelial cells1

Endothelium8

Promoted the proliferation1

Vitro10

Angiogenic4

Glomerular endothelial cells3

Choroidal endothelial cells2

Inflammation3

Glucose11

Markers of endothelial1

Corneal endothelial1

Monolayers3

Progenitor cells via1

Disruption1

Colony formi1

Reactive oxygen1

Pathways1

Human9

Proliferation of vascular1

Oxidative3

Blood vessels6

Regulates1

Vivo1

Inhibition3

Pathway3

Hypoxic5

Activation6

Elucidate the mechanisms1

Differentiate2

Barrier4

Mesangial cells2

Apoptosis1

Marker1

Mesenchymal3

EPCs1

Leukocyte1

Regulate3

Vasculogenesis2

Induce1

Glycocalyx1

Hyperpermeability1

Increases1

Impairment1

Responses2

Exposure1

Cues2

Coagulation2

Capillary2

CD313

Decreases1

Mechanism1

Pericytes3

Tumors11

Damage2

Capillaries1

Anticoagulation2

Interactions3

Physiology1

Protective2