• This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction (1) ATP + 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate(Phytic acid) ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 5-diphosphate 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate (2) ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ADP + 1D-myo-inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate (isomeric configuration unknown) Three mammalian isoforms are known to exist. (wikipedia.org)
  • This protein is likely responsible for the conversion of inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) to diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (InsP7/PP-InsP5). (nih.gov)
  • The encoded enzyme converts inositol hexakisphosphate to diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate and diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate to bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+. (planteome.org)
  • Link to all annotated objects annotated to inositol pentakisphosphate 2-kinase activity. (planteome.org)
  • Link to all direct and indirect annotations to inositol pentakisphosphate 2-kinase activity. (planteome.org)
  • Inositol phosphates (IP) have long been known to be negative regulators of synaptic exocytosis, but the function of diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (IP7) has remained elusive. (kaist.ac.kr)
  • The inositol pyrophosphates, diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (PP-IP5 or IP7) and bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate ([PP]2-IP4 or IP8), shown in Figure 1, contain high energy pyrophosphate or diphosphate bonds, and participate in diverse cellular activities. (org.in)
  • The two most abundant inositol pyrophosphates found in eukaryotes are diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (InsP7) and bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate (InsP8). (org.in)
  • IP6 can be further metabolized by the inositol-hexakisphosphate kinases (IP6Ks), which add a phosphate at the 5-position to produce 5-diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (5-PP-IP5,5-IP7). (molcells.org)
  • An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate and water to 1L-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5-pentakisphosphate and orthophosphate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Inositol phosphates. (thermofisher.com)
  • Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) is required for the biosynthesis of inositol phosphates (IPs) through the phosphorylation of multiple IP metabolites such as IP3 and IP4. (molcells.org)
  • Inositol phosphates (IP) are a group of inositol metabolites that contain multiple phosphates. (molcells.org)
  • Regulation of casein kinase-2 (CK2) activity by inositol phosphates. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We concluded that, contrary to the previously held view, CK2 can exist in a state of low constitutive activity allowing for its regulation by inositol phosphates. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The ability of the higher inositol phosphates to directly stimulate CK2 catalytic activity provides the first evidence that these signaling molecules can operate via a direct control of protein phosphorylation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Inositol phosphates (IPs) are phosphorylated derivatives of myo-inositol involved in the regulation of several cellular processes through their interaction with specific proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • The domain family possesses multiple functions including the abilities to bind inositol phosphates, and various proteins. (embl.de)
  • In the current study, we identified a protein kinase activity in rat liver supernatant that is up-regulated by inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4) and inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Casein kinase-2 mediates cell survival through phosphorylation and degradation of inositol hexakisphosphate kinase-2. (nih.gov)
  • Serving a critical role in cell signaling, the class I family of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) catalyze the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P 2 ] to generate PI(3,4,5) P 3 . (elifesciences.org)
  • Using the phosphorylation of this substrate in an assay, we purified the inositol phosphate-regulated protein kinase and determined it to be CK2. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Inositol-hexakisphosphate kinase (EC 2.7.4.21, ATP:1D-myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate phosphotransferase) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP:1D-myo-inositol-hexakisphosphate 5-phosphotransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • We tracked enzyme activity by measuring the amount of radiolabeled scyllo-inositol pyrophosphate product formed and the amount of ATP consumed. (bvsalud.org)
  • This idea was experimentally challenged, utilizing a Saccharomyces cerevisiae inositol auxotroph with no MIP enzyme, permeable membranes with a 0.4 µm pore size, and cellular supernatants as external sources of inositol isolated from S. cerevisiae cells containing either wild-type enzyme (Wt-MIP), no MIP enzyme, auxotroph (Aux), or a green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged reporter enzyme (MIP- GFP) in co- culturing experiments. (bvsalud.org)
  • These findings revealed previously unknown functions, suggesting that the enzyme can: (1) move into and out of intercellular space, (2) traverse cell walls, and (3) act as a growth factor to promote cellular proliferation of an inositol requiring cell. (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Co-culturing experiments, designed to test a probable function for MIP secreted in extracellular vesicles, uncovered previously unknown functions for the enzyme and advanced current knowledge concerning spatial control of inositol phosphate biosynthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • The first reaction of the Kennedy pathway involves the cytosol-localized enzyme choline/ethanolamine kinase catalyzing the conversion of choline into phosphocholine. (smpdb.ca)
  • Previous experiments have not been able to elucidate whether interactions with membrane-tethered proteins primarily control PI3Kβ localization versus directly modulate lipid kinase activity. (elifesciences.org)
  • Although pY peptides strongly localize PI3Kβ to membranes, they only modestly stimulate lipid kinase activity. (elifesciences.org)
  • a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) to phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and produce phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, a major growth signal for activation of Akt kinase. (molcells.org)
  • The inositol polyphosphates that contain ' high energy ' pyrophosphate or diphosphate groups (shown in red) are called diphosphoinositol polyphosphates, or more simply, inositol pyrophosphates. (org.in)
  • Casein kinase 2 (CK2) was one of the first protein kinases to be discovered and has been suggested to be responsible for as much as one-fifth of the eukaryotic phosphoproteome. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Ser/Thr protein kinases such as the Akt/Rac family, the beta-adrenergic receptor kinases, the mu isoform of PKC and the trypanosomal NrkA family. (embl.de)
  • Tyrosine protein kinases belonging to the Btk/Itk/Tec subfamily. (embl.de)
  • Our long term goal is to understand the mechanisms by which inositol polyphosphates mediate cellular events that are relevant to human physiology and disease. (org.in)
  • Inositol polyphosphates are small biological molecules that contain multiple phosphate moieties linked to inositol. (org.in)
  • In this context, we synthesized four scyllo-inositol polyphosphates-scyllo-IP5, scyllo-IP6, scyllo-IP7 and Bz-scyllo-IP5-from myo-inositol and studied their activity as substrates for mouse IP6K1 and the catalytic domain of VIP1, the budding yeast variant of PPIP5K. (bvsalud.org)
  • We incubated these scyllo-inositol polyphosphates with these kinases and ATP as the phosphate donor. (bvsalud.org)
  • All scyllo-inositol polyphosphates are substrates for both the kinases but they are weaker than the corresponding myo-inositol phosphate. (bvsalud.org)
  • Insights into the biological functions of IPs have come from genetic studies in yeast and by manipulating inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) expression in mammalian cells. (molcells.org)
  • In the study, the researchers surveyed the effect of quercetin and similar flavonoids on the function of two closely related proteins-IP6K and inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK). (nih.gov)
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae have a single IP6 kinase, called KCS1, whereas mammals have three isoforms, IP6K1, IP6K2 and IP6K3. (org.in)
  • BACKGROUND: Myo-Inositol Phosphate Synthase (MIP) catalyzes the conversion of glucose 6- phosphate into inositol phosphate, an essential nutrient and cell signaling molecule. (bvsalud.org)
  • The class 1A phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) beta (PI3Kβ) is functionally unique in the ability to integrate signals derived from receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and Rho-family GTPases. (elifesciences.org)
  • Inositol pyrophosphates transfer their beta phosphate group to pre-phosphorylated serine residues on proteins to form pyrophosphoserine (Figure 2). (org.in)
  • It is now believed that inositol pyrophosphates mediate these diverse biological functions either by specific binding to proteins, or via protein pyrophosphorylation. (org.in)
  • Specifically, we are interested in understanding the role of inositol pyrophosphates in eukaryotic physiology and metabolism. (org.in)
  • Bakers yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) that lack inositol pyrophosphates display defects in growth, telomere length maintenance, vesicular trafficking, stress response, and phosphate homeostasis. (org.in)
  • Transgenic mice with low levels of inositol pyrophosphates have lower body weight than wild type mice, display low insulin levels and defective spermatogenesis. (org.in)
  • Recent work has revealed that inositol pyrophosphates regulate insulin release and apoptosis, with an implicit link to diabetes and cancer. (org.in)
  • In our laboratory, we aim to understand the biochemical link between protein pyrophosphorylation and cellular phenomena regulated by inositol pyrophosphates. (org.in)
  • Inositol pyrophosphates. (org.in)
  • Inositol pyrophosphates such as InsP7 transfer their beta phosphate group to a pre-phosphorylated serine residue to generate pyrophosphoserine. (org.in)
  • To address this gap in our understanding of PI3Kβ regulation, we established an assay to directly visualize and decipher how three binding interactions regulate PI3Kβ when presented to the kinase in a biologically relevant configuration on supported lipid bilayers. (elifesciences.org)
  • Using single molecule Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence (TIRF) Microscopy, we determined the mechanism controlling membrane localization of PI3Kβ, prioritization of signaling inputs, and lipid kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
  • This gene encodes a protein that belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family. (nih.gov)
  • This occurs through the downregulation of methylmalonyl coenzyme A epimerase (MCEE), mediated by an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2-driven transcription factor Sp1/early growth response protein 1 transcriptional switch driven by metastatic signalling at its promoter level. (biomed.news)
  • Most importantly, resulting data identified an extracellular vesicle (a non-viral vector) that is capable of synthesizing and transporting inositol phosphate, a biological activity that can be used to enhance specificity of current inositol phosphate therapeutics. (bvsalud.org)
  • Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 promotes cell death of anterior horn cells in the spinal cord of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. (nih.gov)
  • The substrate for the inositol phosphate-regulated protein kinase was identified as a phosphatidylcholine transfer protein-like protein. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Synthetic analogs or mimics are necessary to understand the substrate specificity of these enzymes and to find molecules that can alter inositol pyrophosphate synthesis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pleckstrin, the protein where this domain was first detected, is the major substrate of protein kinase C in platelets. (embl.de)
  • Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 sensitizes ovarian carcinoma cells to multiple cancer therapeutics. (nih.gov)
  • We have begun by utilising S. cerevisiae and mammalian cell lines as model systems to investigate the signalling pathways that are altered when inositol pyrophosphate levels are perturbed. (org.in)
  • Their synthesis relies on the activity of specific kinases that use ATP as phosphate donor. (bvsalud.org)
  • To provide further insight into the role of MIP in intercellular milieus, we tested the hypothesis that MIP may function as a growth factor, synthesizing inositol phosphate in intercellular locations requiring, but lacking ability to produce or transport adequate quantities of the cell-cell communicator. (bvsalud.org)
  • The second Rab3 GEF, known as GRAB, interacts with inositol hexakisphosphate kinase and Rab3A and its protein expression is primarily in brain (41). (pancreapedia.org)
  • We found that overexpression and depletion of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) kinase in PC12 cells or hippocampal neurons led to a reduction and increase in neurotransmitter release, respectively. (kaist.ac.kr)