AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
InsectsInsect ProteinsDimerizationMolecular Sequence DataInsect VirusesGenes, InsectAmino Acid SequenceMothsSpodopteraInsect ControlBaculoviridaeInsect HormonesLepidopteraGenome, InsectInsect RepellentsHemipteraBase SequenceLarvaInsect VectorsProtein BindingInsect Bites and StingsBeetlesRecombinant ProteinsRetinoid X ReceptorsDNA-Binding ProteinsDipteraCell LineTranscription FactorsHemolymphBinding SitesCockroachesGrasshoppersSequence Homology, Amino AcidMacromolecular SubstancesAntigens, NuclearProtein Structure, TertiaryReceptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearCloning, MolecularModels, MolecularHeteropteraTenebrioProtein ConformationBeesTriboliumReceptors, Retinoic AcidFlight, AnimalWaspsPeriplanetaRecombinant Fusion ProteinsMutationDNAProtein Structure, QuaternaryPhylogenyHymenopteraSequence AlignmentProtein SubunitsPest Control, BiologicalAphidsDrosophila melanogasterBombyxGryllidaeTransfectionDrosophila ProteinsEcdysteroneNuclear ProteinsAntsRhodniusJuvenile HormonesWeevilsTranscription, GeneticInsecticidesOrthopteraElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelDNA, ComplementaryPupaDrosophilaKineticsHerbivoryEcdysteroidsGene Expression RegulationDNA PrimersCrystallography, X-RayModels, BiologicalLigandsSymbiosisMutagenesis, Site-DirectedPhotorhabdusPromoter Regions, GeneticArthropodsMetamorphosis, BiologicalMoltingRNA, MessengerSpecies SpecificityGene ExpressionCarrier ProteinsSignal TransductionXenorhabdusMolecular WeightTranscriptional ActivationRetinoid X Receptor alpha
HomodimersProteinNematodesMammalianReceptorEnzymeMutationsExpressionReceptorsProteins encodedSpeciesRegulationCellsSequenceDevelopmentalHomoLigandMRNAInducesVertebratesEncodesEndogenousPhysiologyAblationCellHormoneHumanNuclearDependentGeneticTranscription factorInvolvesComplexDevelopmentGenomeChromosomeStrandAllelesControlHighlyActivityGrowthFamily
Homodimers2
  • Similarly, Met:Met homodimers as well as Met:EcR and Met:USP heterodimers induced reporter activity in the absence of ligand and addition of ecdysteroid or JH analogs did not increase the reporter activity regulated by either homodimers or heterodimers of Met protein. (uky.edu)
  • Proteolytic removal of the propeptide enables mature BMP-2 to form active disulfide linked homodimers and heterodimers with BMP-7 (2). (novusbio.com)
Protein8
  • ID4 is a protein coding gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The number of mitochondrial protein genes is believed to vary from 3 to 67, while the tRNA gene content varies from 0 to 27 [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • protein kinases play crucial assignments in propagating regulating and coordinating indicators essential for many seminal biological procedures including fat burning capacity gene appearance cell development differentiation and advancement. (bio2009.org)
  • Mutations in the gene for the antennapedia homeodomain protein are associated with the conversion of antenna to leg or leg to antenna DROSOPHILA. (lookformedical.com)
  • The complex comprises pVHL, the Cul2/Rbx1 subunit and the BC box protein Elongin B/C. Loss of functional pVHL protein prevents the oxygen dependent degradation of HIF1 resulting in constitutive expression of HIF1 dependent genes and consequently VHL disease (Okumura et al. (ubiquigent.com)
  • In our lab, we use techniques of protein co-expression in bacteria, insect cells and mammalian cells to produce large multi-subunit IFT complexes for structural and biochemical studies. (au.dk)
  • The protein functions as a dominant-negative inhibitor by forming heterodimers with other C/EBP members, such as C/EBP and LAP (liver activator protein), and preventing their DNA binding activity. (novusbio.com)
  • The experimental part includes the cloning of plasmids to produce C1 inhibitor and various forms of merozoite surface protein PfMSP3.1, transfection of S2 insect cells with these plasmids, subsequent protein expression in S2 cells and their purification. (nusl.cz)
Nematodes2
  • In some mtDNAs (e.g., nematodes and annelids), all genes are transcribed in the same direction, whereas, in others, both strands encode genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Unlike receptors found on the cell surface, members of the nuclear hormone receptor (NR) superfamily are restricted to metazoan organisms such as nematodes, insects, and vertebrates. (indigobiosciences.com)
Mammalian3
  • Transcription factors containing a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) motif regulate expression of tissue-specific genes in a number of mammalian and insect systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14) form a stable heterodimer core complex that catalyzes N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation in mammalian cells. (signalchem.com)
  • Akin to ubiquitylation, the E1 activating enzyme (APP-BP1/UBA3 heterodimer) and the E2 conjugating enzymes (UBE2M or UBE2F) are involved in mammalian NEDDylation of the Cullin Ring Ligases (CRLs) (Meyer-Schaller et al. (ubiquigent.com)
Receptor4
  • All type I IFNs (hereafter known as IFNs) bind to ubiquitously portrayed cell membrane-bound heterodimers made up of IFN- receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and 2 (IFNAR2), after that activate JAK/STAT pathways to cause appearance of IFNs-stimulated genes (ISGs) [16]. (vaggi.org)
  • STATs are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. (signalchem.com)
  • Insects detect and discriminate volatile odorants by means of olfactory receptor neurons (ORN) located in sensory structures called olfactory sensilla. (ijbs.com)
  • Orthologs of receptors that were found to be involved in molt regulation in insects were also identified, including LGR3 and Corazonin receptor, the latter of which was expressed at much higher level than all other receptors, suggesting a key role in YO regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzyme2
  • Recombinant Human USP1/UAF1 complex is a Ubiquitin-specific deconjugating enzyme heterodimer. (creativebiomart.net)
  • The product ofthis gene is a membrane bound glycosylated enzyme, also referred to as the heat stable form,that is expressed primarily in the placenta although it is closely related to the intestinal form ofthe enzyme as well as to the placental-like form. (antiviralbiologic.com)
Mutations4
  • Their sequences contain a 180 nucleotide sequence designated the homeobox, so called because mutations of these genes often results in homeotic transformations, in which one body structure replaces another. (lookformedical.com)
  • Together with the observation that mutations in ciliary genes result in ciliopathy diseases in human with pathologies such as blindness, obesity, mental disabilities, sterility and cystic kidneys, this has led to an explosion in cilium research. (au.dk)
  • Although this depends on many factors, in this position paper we show three categories that stand out: gene mutations, food resources, and cognitive and behavioral stimulation. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Avec l'apport de la cuisson et de nouvelles mutations plus productives de FADS2, le volume cérébral a trouvé son apogée chez Homo neanderthalensis dans un écosystème alimentaire favorable en acide α-linolénique et DHA. (ocl-journal.org)
Expression15
  • Its expression is seen in the neural tube much later than other ID genes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The multifunctional regulator nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is considered not only as a cytoprotective factor regulating the expression of genes coding for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying proteins, but it is also a powerful modulator of species longevity. (springer.com)
  • This process is called gene expression and it is vital to all life. (ukri.org)
  • Gene expression comprises two main steps, called transcription and translation. (ukri.org)
  • Each cell has to synthesize and break down its mRNA molecules, because this continuous turnover allows the cell to adapt its patterns of gene expression more rapidly to changes in the demand for particular proteins which are needed under certain growth conditions. (ukri.org)
  • 2020-05-18 · We identified evolutionarily conserved patterns of gene expression during retinal progenitor maturation and specification of all seven major retinal cell types. (firebaseapp.com)
  • Furthermore, we identified gene-expression differences between developing macula and periphery and between distinct populations of horizontal cells. (firebaseapp.com)
  • AG1688 which bears the lacIq gene for keeping low expression degree of the fusion proteins was utilized to assess immunity towards the tester XL388 manufacture phage λKH54. (bio2009.org)
  • Homeodomain proteins are involved in the control of gene expression during morphogenesis and development (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, DEVELOPMENTAL). (lookformedical.com)
  • Genetic knockout models, functional assays, and gene expression analyses distinguish IL17F's unique roles. (creativebiomart.net)
  • In adult mice, IL-7/IL-7R signaling up regulates expression of early B cell factor (EBF), and EBF in turn regulates expression of B cell-specific genes required for the transition from lymphoid progenitor to pro-B cells. (biolegend.com)
  • Many of them can be shown to act as long-range enhancers that drive expression of genes that are themselves regulators of core aspects of metazoan development and differentiation. (genereg.net)
  • This interaction induces IFN-gamma gene expression, enhancing the cytotoxic activity of resting NK and T cells, inducing and synergizing with IL-2 in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, acting as a co-mitogen to stimulate proliferation of resting T cells, and inducing proliferation of activated T and NK cells. (rndsystems.com)
  • Understand Nuclear Receptors through our introduction to this family of intracellular transcription factors that regulate gene expression. (indigobiosciences.com)
  • These proteins are intracellular transcription factors that directly regulate gene expression in response to lipophilic molecules. (indigobiosciences.com)
Receptors2
  • Here, using the hemimetabolous insect Blattella germanica , we show that nuclear hormone receptors Seven-up-B (BgSvp-B) and Fushi tarazu-factor 1 (BgFTZ-F1) have essential roles in the tissue- and stage-specific activation of adult CA JH-biosynthetic activity. (nature.com)
  • Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed striking conservations among insect ecdysone receptors, especially between P. xylostella and other lepidopterans. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins encoded3
  • Dominant-negative (antimorph) HLH proteins encoded by Id-related genes, such as ID4, also contain the HLH-dimerization domain but lack the DNA-binding basic domain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteins encoded by homeobox genes (GENES, HOMEOBOX) that exhibit structural similarity to certain prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA-binding proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • The proteins encoded by homeobox genes are called HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS. (lookformedical.com)
Species1
Regulation3
  • Despite the importance of the precise fluctuations of JH levels during insect development, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of JH biosynthesis remain poorly understood. (nature.com)
  • encoded by Nfe2l2 gene) is a transcription factor responsible for the regulation of cellular redox balance and protective antioxidant and phase II detoxification responses in mammals [ 1 , 2 ]. (springer.com)
  • These matrix profiles will be useful for further characterization of regulatory inputs in long-range developmental gene regulation in vertebrates. (genereg.net)
Cells8
  • The genes encoding the enzymes involved in both modules are highly enriched, or even exclusively expressed, in the CA cells 9 . (nature.com)
  • Two-hybrid assays in insect cells and in vitro pull-down assays confirmed the interaction of Met with EcR and USP. (uky.edu)
  • The information contained in the genes of living cells has to be converted into cellular components that form structures and enable biochemical reactions to take place. (ukri.org)
  • More specifically, cells of animals (including man), plants, insects and fungi modify the beginning (called the 5'end) of each mRNA molecule by adding a methylated guanosine base in a structure called the cap. (ukri.org)
  • Recombinant full-length human STAT5B was expressed by baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells using an N-terminal His tag. (signalchem.com)
  • Overexpression of PKR in mouse (46) insect (4) and candida (14) cells leads to serious inhibition of development due to improved eIF-2α phosphorylation. (bio2009.org)
  • Genes that encode highly conserved TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS that control positional identity of cells (BODY PATTERNING) and MORPHOGENESIS throughout development. (lookformedical.com)
  • Mouse IL-7, amino acids Glu26 -Ile154 (Accession# NM_008371.4) was expressed in insect cells. (biolegend.com)
Sequence2
  • The discovery of the antioxidant response element (ARE) have led to the conclusion that the battery of genes, including glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), thioredoxin reductase 1 (Txnrd1), NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) is regulated through Nrf2 binding to this consensus binding sequence [ 3 ]. (springer.com)
  • This hypothesis could be tested by purifying the gau gene product and determining its sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
Developmental1
  • Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action during the developmental stages of an organism. (lookformedical.com)
Homo6
  • DNA-binding activity of the bHLH proteins is dependent on formation of homo- and/or heterodimers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Australopithecus benefited both from the inactivation of the GULO and uricase genes and from bipedalism causing the cognitive capital of the Homo genus to develop advantageously. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Homo started to regularly consume meat in addition to plants and insects. (ocl-journal.org)
  • The polymorphism of this gene appears to have been essential in allowing the Homo genus to adapt to its food, and for its evolution. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Homo sapiens , benefiting from new variants of the FADS2 gene, were able to adapt to this harsh environment, whereas Neanderthal man was unable to do so and became extinct. (ocl-journal.org)
  • Homo est devenu un consommateur régulier de produits carnés en complément des végétaux et d'insectes. (ocl-journal.org)
Ligand2
  • Molecular simulations reveal the impact of RAMP1 on ligand binding and dynamics of calcitonin gene-r. (durdagilab.com)
  • The heterodimer formed by IL17A and IL17F is a ligand for the heterodimeric complex formed by IL17RA and IL17RC. (creativebiomart.net)
MRNA2
  • In transcription, the information in the DNA sequences of the genes is converted into equivalent sequences in so-called messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. (ukri.org)
  • Either buy pray for silence a thriller kate burkholder 2010 genes can improve with the stochastic mRNA transferase to activate the cartilage at the method SE and perform a additional chromosome known by package. (naturheilpraxis-gisbert-fussek.de)
Induces1
  • CRISPR-based screens are revolutionizing drug discovery as tools to identify genes whose ablation induces a phenotype of interest. (biomedcentral.com)
Vertebrates1
  • SUMO), ISG15 hasn't yet been within yeast, insects, plant life, or various other lower organisms, implying it includes a customized function in vertebrates [20] highly. (vaggi.org)
Encodes1
  • The patients carry a mutation in the EIF2S3 gene, which encodes eIF2gamma. (nih.gov)
Endogenous1
  • One hypothesis is that the PKR mutants inhibit kinase function by forming inactive heterodimers with XL388 manufacture endogenous wild-type PKR (6 46 This also raises a fundamental question concerning the role of dimerization on PKR function. (bio2009.org)
Physiology1
  • Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology , 70 (2), 90-105. (uky.edu)
Ablation1
  • Ablation of the ID gene family mouse embryos showed failure of anterior cardiac progenitor specification and the development of heartless embryos. (wikipedia.org)
Cell5
  • The ID4 gene is also seen to be overexpressed in most ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mechanism behind this is believed to be that ID4 regulates HOXA9 and CDKN1A genes, which are mediators of cell proliferation and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • the formation of precocious adult alae in a lin-41 mutant background, suggesting that MAB-10 does not specifically act to control genes required for exit from the molting cycle and seam cell exit from the cell cycle, but more likely acts as a general enhancer of LIN-29 activity. (biologists.com)
  • 1996) cul-1 is required for cell cycle exit in C. elegans and identifies a novel gene family, Cell 85, 829-839. (ubiquigent.com)
  • should we capture the cell type in which the apototic genes are expressed and hence request new cell types if not already in cell type ontology? (geneontology.org)
Hormone1
  • In insects, the transition from juvenile development to the adult stage is controlled by juvenile hormone (JH) synthesized from the corpora allata (CA) glands. (nature.com)
Human1
  • 2003). The human Cullin1-5 genes were first described by Kipreos et al. (ubiquigent.com)
Nuclear1
  • Nrf2 stabilization and increase in its half-life even to 200 min [ 9 ] allows nuclear translocation and activation of transcription of cytoprotective genes (Fig. 1 ). (springer.com)
Dependent1
  • The major characteristics of Nrf2 are to some extent mimicked by Nrf2-dependent genes and their proteins including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which besides removing toxic heme, produces biliverdin, iron ions and carbon monoxide. (springer.com)
Genetic1
  • Moreover, this strengthens evidence for mitochondrial genes coded according to an overlapping genetic code. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcription factor1
  • In the dipteran Drosophila melanogaster , TGFbeta signaling stimulates JH production by up-regulating the transcription of the JH acid methyltransferase (JHAMT ) gene through the transcription factor Mothers against Dpp (Mad) 14 . (nature.com)
Involves1
  • Extensive evidence has revealed that the core clock machinery involves "clock genes" and "clock proteins" functioning as molecular cogs. (bioone.org)
Complex1
  • However, the three dimensional structure of the RXR heterodimer complex produces different DNA binding affinities. (indigobiosciences.com)
Development2
  • The ID4 gene plays a pivotal role in development and is a key player in many pathways of embryogenesis and foetal development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Postembryonic development in winged insects is divided into three stages: (i) a juvenile phase where growth takes place, (ii) the metamorphic transformation during the last juvenile instar, and (iii) the reproductive adulthood. (nature.com)
Genome1
  • A genome wide association study revealed over 100 candidate genes associated with endometriosis. (wikipedia.org)
Chromosome1
  • Fusion of this gene and FUS on chromosome 16 or EWSR1 on chromosome 22 induced by translocation generates chimeric proteins in myxoid liposarcomas or Ewing sarcoma. (novusbio.com)
Strand3
  • The gene spans 3.3kb on the plus strand. (wikipedia.org)
  • A positionally conserved ORF has been found on the complementary strand of the cox1 genes of both eukaryotic mitochondria (protist, plant, fungal and animal) and alpha-proteobacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This search has led to the observation of an unknown, positionally conserved open reading frame (ORF) on the complementary strand of eukaryotic cox1 genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Alleles1
  • We have identified four mutant alleles of a Caenorhabditis elegans metalloprotease gene, nas-37 , that cause incomplete. (biologists.com)
Control2
  • JH372 stress which really is a derivative of AG1688 harbors the lacZ gene beneath the control of. (bio2009.org)
  • We are also examining the role of the hypusine modification on eIF5A and the role of this factor in gene-specific translational control mechanisms. (nih.gov)
Highly2
  • Of these, six were shown to have a highly reliable association, of which the ID4 gene was identified. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mitochondrial gene content is highly variable across eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity1
  • The heterodimer is what inhibits their DNA binding and transcriptional activity. (wikipedia.org)
Growth1
  • John Ewer Insect growth is punctuated by molts , during which the animal produces a new exoskeleton. (biologists.com)
Family1