• This protein functions as a modifier of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, as well as an angiogenic factor. (wikipedia.org)
  • It was also shown to act on preosteoblasts - in the form of an increased proliferation - after binding to fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase . (wikidoc.org)
  • The TGF-β family forms an important group of growth factors, consisting of three isoforms in man, and is important for matrix deposition because it modulates fibroblast recruitment and proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most significant pathways and BPs that were deregulated in the primary disease condition were associated with the cell cycle and fibroblast proliferation procedures. (genominfo.org)
  • FGF1 can then bind to and exert its effects via specific fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) proteins which themselves constitute a family of closely related molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • [3] [5] FGF2 binds to and exerts effects via specific fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) proteins which themselves constitute a family of closely related molecules. (wikidoc.org)
  • Kim and Morshead, 2003), and the fibroblast that SSEA4 associated with CD133 can be used for growth factor (FGF) receptor 4 (Cai et al. (lu.se)
  • A growing number of human diseases have been linked to mutations in genes encoding factors involved in ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis [5] , [6] . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • This is thought to contribute to the accumulation of cellular senescence with ageing in humans [ 8 ] and senescence has been linked to several age-associated diseases [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene sequencing revealed that this group was actually the same growth factor and that FGF1 was a member of a family of FGF proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dystrophin associates with a number of proteins to form a large oligomeric complex named the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which bridges across the sarcolemma and connects the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton (Allamand and Campbell, (2000) Human Molecular Genetics 9:2459-2467). (justia.com)
  • Fibroblast growth factor protein was first purified in 1975, but soon afterwards others using different conditions isolated acidic FGF, Heparin-binding growth factor-1, and Endothelial cell growth factor-1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of these factors (ie, acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors, interleukin 1 [IL-1], and vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF]) have been identified and isolated from cornea and tears. (medscape.com)
  • Plant growth is controlled by the clock through interactions with light and phytohormone signaling. (go.jp)
  • Widespread transduction of cardiac and skeletal muscle has been achieved in adult mouse by intravenous administration of rAAV6 vector supplemented with vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) (Gregorevic et al. (justia.com)
  • Aggressive, transformed or transfected mesenchymal cells containing proto-oncogenes can act in the absence of lymphocytes, but whether these cells represent regressed fibroblasts, chondrocytes or bone marrow stem cells is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The highest incidence of serious burn injury occurs in young adults (20-29 y) followed by children younger than 9 years. (medscape.com)
  • FGF2 , also known as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF-β, is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF2 gene . (wikidoc.org)
  • Basic fibroblast growth factor has been shown to interact with casein kinase 2, alpha 1 , [13] RPL6 [14] and ribosomal protein S19 . (wikidoc.org)
  • Some cytokines act as competence rather than progression factors, some lack secretory signals, and some must be processed and released from the pericellular matrix or basement membranes (eg transforming growth factor beta [TGF-β ] binding to chondroitin or the keratan sulfate of biglycan, decorin and fibromodulin, or basic fibroblast growth factor and platelet derived growth factor binding to the heparin sulfate of glypican, perlecan and syndecan). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Extracellular factors that influence integrin activation are ligand binding, divalent cation concentration, chemokine signaling and mechanical stress. (thno.org)
  • Fibroblast growth factor 1, (FGF-1) also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Protein synthesis is a major energy consuming process involving intricate coordination of translation machinery in response to nutrient availability and stress sensing signals, as well as hormonal and growth factor cues in multi-cellular organisms. (prolekarniky.cz)
  • These daily oscillations are synchronized to the environment by external cues such as light and temperature, resulting in enhanced fitness and growth vigor in plants. (go.jp)
  • Fibroblasts produce TIMPs (1-4), which were previously called human fibroblast collagenase inhibitors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • the growth factor is necessary for the cells to remain in an undifferentiated state, although the mechanisms by which it does this are poorly defined. (wikidoc.org)
  • Consistent with the hypothesis that either ribosomal protein can support translation, knockdown of Rpl22l1 impairs growth of cells lacking Rpl22 . (prolekarniky.cz)
  • However, in contrast with what was previously demonstrated [ 9 ], we recently reported that D. discoideum cells lacking DdPpk1 have no detectable polyP levels demonstrating that this is the sole enzyme responsible for polyP synthesis in social amoeba [ 10 ]. (silverchair.com)
  • [9] It is necessary in mouse-feeder cell dependent culture systems, as well as in feeder and serum-free culture systems. (wikidoc.org)
  • Recently, significant progress was made in defining the mechanisms by which plant growth on a day-to-day basis is activated at specific times of the day in a manner dependent on photoperiod and temperature conditions. (go.jp)
  • We aimed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), the most critical hub genes, transcription factors, signaling pathways, and biological processes (BPs) associated with the pathogenesis of primary SGC. (genominfo.org)
  • These findings support the possibility that under pathological conditions, gangliosides serve as cytotoxic factors in the central nervous system (CNS). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Aug 9, 2014 · - If you use this textbook as a bibliographic reference, please include https://openstax.org/details/books/american-government in your citation. (clickzengage.com)
  • [ 9 ] Deep stromal NV is serious, possibly leading to loss of optical transparency of the tissue and hence decrease visual acuity through stromal hemorrhage, scarring, and lipid deposition. (medscape.com)
  • Of these, AAV1, 6, 8, and 9 recombinant vectors have been reported to result in higher transgene expression level in muscle than rAAV2 vector (Wang et al. (justia.com)
  • Endogenous circadian rhythms regulate many aspects of an organism's physiological and morphological growth and development. (go.jp)
  • This growth factor also stimulates production of collagens, proteoglycans, elastin, fibronectin, tenascin and thrombospondin, diminishes production of extracellularly active neutral endoproteinases belonging to the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and serine proteinase families, and stimulates production of endogenous MMP inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metallo-proteinase [TIMP]) and serpins (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans function as receptors for fibroblast growth factor-2 activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2. (nih.gov)
  • 9. Heparin differentially regulates the interaction of fibroblast growth factor-4 with FGF receptors 1 and 2. (nih.gov)
  • The FGF family members bind to only four known tyrosine kinase receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors 1-4 (FGFR1-4) and their isoforms, with the various FGFs binding the different FGFRs to varying extents (Zhang et al. (justia.com)
  • The fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are known to play an essential role in the proliferation and differentiation of cartilaginous cells. (apospublications.com)
  • CCN1 induces fibroblast apoptosis through its adhesion receptors, integrin α 6 β 1 and the heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) syndecan-4, triggering the transcription-independent p53 activation of Bax to render cytochrome c release and activation of caspase-9 and -3. (silverchair.com)
  • Once growth factors are secreted, they act through autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine mechanisms by binding to membrane or cytoplasmic receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Surface plasmon resonance analysis to evaluate the importance of heparin sulfate groups' binding with human aFGF and bFGF[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science A, 2003, 4(1): 86-94. (zju.edu.cn)
  • Human acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors (aFGF and bFGF) are classic and well characterized members of the heparin -binding growth factor family. (zju.edu.cn)
  • heparin is generally thought to play an extremely important role in regulating aFGF and bFGF bioactivities through its strong binding with them. (zju.edu.cn)
  • Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has shown a neurotrophic effect in the neurons of several CNS ares. (neurodig.com)
  • 16. Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor bind with differing affinity to the same heparan sulfate proteoglycan on BALB/c 3T3 cells: implications for potentiation of growth factor action by heparin. (nih.gov)
  • 19. Differential tyrosine phosphorylation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor-1 and receptor proximal signal transduction in response to FGF-2 and heparin. (nih.gov)
  • Another FGF of interest here is FGF7, also called keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), which is produced by cells of mesenchymal origin and stimulates epithelial cell proliferation (Finch et al. (justia.com)
  • The integrity of the epithelial barrier is a key factor to avoid uncontrolled antigen penetration. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Zeb1 and 2 are transcription factors facilitaing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (nih.gov)
  • Cartilage acidic protein-1 (CRTAC1) is produced by several cell types, including Type 2 alveolar epithelial (T2AE) cells that are targeted by SARS-CoV2. (bvsalud.org)
  • In order to unravel the mechanism of the interactions between heparin and FGFs, and evaluate the importance of heparin sulfate groups ' binding with FGFs, surface plasmon resonance analyses were performed using IAsys Cuvettes System. (zju.edu.cn)
  • In addition, in order to reduce the delicate difference among the cuvettes, inhibition analyses of mixture of FGFs and immobilized native heparin by modified heparin s were also done. (zju.edu.cn)
  • Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) make up a large family of polypeptide growth factors that are found in organisms ranging from nematodes to humans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the adult organism, FGFs are homeostatic factors and function in tissue repair and response to injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fibroblast growth factor 1, (FGF-1) also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1988), and reverses the morphological and chemical deficits of strital dopaminergic neurons of MPTP-treated mice (Otto & Unsicker 1990).The acidic (a) FGF shows partial recovery in young MPTP-treated mice of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system (Date et al. (neurodig.com)
  • The present invention relates generally to the combination of monoclonal antibody (mAb) and recombinant DNA technologies for developing novel biologics, and more particularly, for example, to the production of monoclonal antibodies that bind to and neutralize Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2. (justia.com)
  • FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth and invasion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Initially, these hypotheses were difficult to test because 1) the angiogenic polypeptide growth factors had not been well characterized, 2) there was no practical method for administering growth factors to the heart, and 3) the assessment of biological endpoints relevant to angiogenesis was difficult. (nih.gov)
  • Psychometric analysis in children with mental retardation due to perinatal hypoxia treated with fibroblast growth factor (fgf) and showing improvement in mental development. (neurodig.com)
  • When mechanical or chemical damage of the vascular wall occurs, subendothelial TF is expressed/exposed to blood flow and binds plasma factor VIIa, which circulates as an enzyme at a concentration of approximately 0.1 nM (1% of plasma factor VII) [ 4 ] and escapes the inhibition by serine proteases inhibitors because of its poor enzymatic qualities [ 1 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In vitro , results based on cultured DRG neurons showed that siRNA-mediated inhibition of NOV enhanced IL-1β- and TNF-α-induced MMP-2, MMP-9 and CCL2 expression whereas NOV addition inhibited TNF-α-induced MMP-9 expression through β 1 integrin engagement. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fibroblast growth factor protein was first purified in 1975, but soon afterwards others using different conditions isolated acidic FGF, Heparin-binding growth factor-1, and Endothelial cell growth factor-1. (wikipedia.org)
  • This protein functions as a modifier of endothelial cell migration and proliferation, as well as an angiogenic factor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Contrary to this paradigm, we show that fibroblast adhesion to the angiogenic matrix protein CCN1 (CYR61) induces apoptosis, whereas endothelial cell adhesion to CCN1 promotes cell survival. (silverchair.com)
  • showed changes in genes related to cell growth and possibly carcinogenesis in rat lungs treated with diesel particles. (nih.gov)
  • In 1971, in the course of exploring the mechanisms responsible for vascular growth in malignant tumors, Judah Folkman and his colleagues discovered a diffusible substance that stimulated the growth of blood vessels (5). (nih.gov)
  • We think it is likely that both metabolic and hemodynamic factors are responsible for initiating and maintaining collateral development, and the cellular, biochemical, and molecular events that transduce these influences into vascular growth are currently under intense investigation. (nih.gov)
  • With a vascular injury, TF becomes exposed to blood and binds plasma factor VIIa, and the resulting complex initiates a series of enzymatic reactions leading to clot formation and vascular sealing. (hindawi.com)
  • It binds to a specific high affinity receptor ( RECEPTOR, MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR ). (lookformedical.com)
  • Yoon T, Park S, Kwon M, Lee K. Immunohistochemical study on the postnatal growth changes of the spheno-occipital synchondrosis and tibial cartilage. (apospublications.com)
  • Even at low concentrations, growth factors can have a marked impact on the wound microenvironment, leading to rapid increases in cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • want the ebook Шанский слон's discussionFirst and heparin concentrations before getting the factory. (sweetlilyspa.com)
  • 13. Interaction of fibroblast growth factor-1 and related peptides with heparan sulfate and its oligosaccharides. (nih.gov)
  • These questions have been a focus of the Physiology and Pharmacology Section of the Cardiology Branch, and based on our investigations in an animal model, we have now concluded that coronary collateral growth can be stimulated by using angiogenic peptides, at least in experimental animals (3,4). (nih.gov)
  • were the first to purify a human angiogenesis factor (angiogenin), and shortly thereafter, several other angiogenic peptides were isolated (see below). (nih.gov)
  • It is initiated by lymphokines , such as the macrophage activation factor (MAF) and the macrophage migration-inhibitory factor (MMIF), immune complexes, C3b, and various peptides, polysaccharides, and immunologic adjuvants. (lookformedical.com)
  • 10. In vitro changes in plasma membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans and in perlecan expression participate in the regulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 mitogenic activity. (nih.gov)
  • Fibroblast growth factors: an information network controlling tissue growth, morphogenesis and repair. (zju.edu.cn)
  • 7. Ligand binding properties of binary complexes of heparin and immunoglobulin-like modules of FGF receptor 2. (nih.gov)
  • Factor IX and factor X are converted to the serine proteases factor IXa and factor Xa, which are the enzymatic components of the intrinsic factor Xase and the prothrombinase complexes, respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • The stimuli leading to the synthesis, release, and activation of angiogenic factors are probably multiple. (nih.gov)
  • The APOE4 genotype is the strongest risk factor for the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the detailed molecular mechanism of APOE4-mediated synaptic impairment remains to be determined. (bvsalud.org)
  • These evidences have led to a number of surgical applications where controlled drug delivery of human recombinant growth factors has great therapeutic potential [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Importantly, intrathecal administration of NOV siRNA specifically led to an up-regulation of MMP-9 in the DRG and MMP-2 in the DHSC concomitant with increased mechanical allodynia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We thought it likely that growth factors could serve as endogenous biological "distress signals," initiating the angiogenic response. (nih.gov)
  • Growth factors are endogenous signaling molecules that regulate cellular responses for wound healing process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are 22 known members of the Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) family, ranging in size from 17 to 34 kDa and sharing an internal core region of similarity, which can be grouped into 7 subfamilies based on their similarity in activity and sequence (Ornitz et al. (justia.com)
  • The FGF family of growth factors and oncogenes. (zju.edu.cn)
  • The fibroblast growth factor family. (zju.edu.cn)
  • We have cloned and sequenced a new member of the fibroblast growth factor family from Xenopus laevis embryo cDNA. (silverchair.com)
  • Cell growth and differentiation. (zju.edu.cn)
  • Application of recombinant growth factors has been shown to mimic cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation in vivo , allowing for external modulation of the healing process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. (lookformedical.com)
  • however, a competing (but not mutually exclusive) theory is that mechanical or hemodynamic factors initiate collateral development. (nih.gov)
  • In vivo , the intrathecal delivery of MMP-9 inhibitor attenuated mechanical allodynia of CFA rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tissue factor (TF) is an integral membrane protein that is essential to life. (hindawi.com)
  • TF is an integral transmembrane protein expressed by various cells, is a component of the factor VIIa-TF complex enzyme and is essential for normal hemostasis [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The product of the protein Case reaction, activated protein C (APC), inactivates the cofactors factors Va and VIIIa. (hindawi.com)
  • The mRNA expression of NOV and pro-inflammatory factors were measured with real-time quantitative PCR, CCL2 protein expression was assessed using ELISA, MMP-2 and -9 activities using zymography. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present invention is directed toward a monoclonal antibody to fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, a pharmaceutical composition comprising same, and methods of treatment comprising administering such a pharmaceutical composition to a patient. (justia.com)
  • Angiogenesis" refers to the growth and/or development of blood vessels. (nih.gov)
  • SMAD transcription factors activate ZEB and Snail transcription, facilitating the ephithelial- mesenchymal transition. (nih.gov)
  • A mononuclear phagocyte colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) synthesized by mesenchymal cells. (lookformedical.com)
  • TF-triggered procoagulant response is also down-regulated by the stoichiometric inhibitors tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and antithrombin (AT). (hindawi.com)
  • Perioperative drug delivery systems can enhance the biological activity of these growth factors, which have a very short in vivo half-life after topical administration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, recombinant or exogenous growth factors have limited clinical applications because they have a short in vivo half-life due to their low stability, restricted absorption rate through the skin around the wounds, and elimination by exudation before reaching the wounds after topical application [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thrombin accelerates its own generation via several feed-back reactions, cleaves fibrinogen, and activates factor XIII, which leads to the formation of a crosslinked insoluble fibrin clot [ 6 , 7 ] (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
  • and activates factor XIII to form a cross-linked fibrin clot. (hindawi.com)
  • on the surface of membranes containing acidic phospholipids, robustly producing thrombin, the final enzymatic product of the process. (hindawi.com)
  • In this review, we emphasized currently approved growth factor therapies, including a sustained release system for growth factors, emerging therapies, and future research possibilities combined with surgical procedures. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The purpose of this review is to outline the use of growth factors and release systems that prolong the bioactivity of growth factors as an alternative or adjunct to surgical treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Expression pattern of FGFRs indicated that they were involved in the postnatal bone growth and development. (apospublications.com)
  • Given the clinical importance of collaterals, two important questions emerge: what factors lead to their development, and what is the possibility that their growth can be enhanced pharmacologically? (nih.gov)
  • Development (1992) 114 (3): 711-720. (silverchair.com)
  • Growth factors have recently gained clinical importance for wound management. (biomedcentral.com)
  • TFPI serves to attenuate the activity of the extrinsic factor Xase, the trigger of coagulation. (hindawi.com)
  • Because of its biological properties and expression pattern, XeFGF is a good candidate for an inducing factor with possible roles both in mesoderm induction at the blastula stage and in the formation of the anteroposterior axis at the gastrula stage. (silverchair.com)
  • Finally, NOV intrathecal treatment specifically abolished the induction of MMP-9 in the DRG and, MMP-9 and MMP-2 in the DHSC of CFA rats. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Factor IXa and factor Xa form complex enzymes with their nonenzymatic co-factors (factor VIIIa and factor Va, resp. (hindawi.com)