- glucose
- Change from baseline to 9 months in the allopurinol group compared to placebo in insulin sensitivity using an orgal glucose tolerance test to measure estimated metabolic clearance rate of glucose, insulin sensitivity, firth-phase insulin release and second-phase insulin release. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- In diabetic patients receiving a new pancreas it is possible to assess the effect of changing blood glucose excursions on cardiovascular risk factors, including endothelial function, without the use of antidiabetic drugs (exclude pleiotropic effects). (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Day 2: Glucose/insulin infusion test to measure blood sugar levels. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Data from this study will then be used to design a larger trial to evaluate long-term effects on blood pressure and weight, as well as glucose and triglyceride control. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Blood pressure, blood glucose concentrations and urinary albumin excretion rate will be monitored every three months. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Yohimbine has been used to decrease glucose levels to a healthy level. (wikipedia.org)
- Metformin has a lower risk of hypoglycemia than the sulfonylureas, although hypoglycemia has uncommonly occurred during intense exercise, calorie deficit, or when used with other agents to lower blood glucose. (wikipedia.org)
- Acetohexamide A pill taken to lower the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
- For a person with diabetes, this can be caused by insufficient glucose absorption (e.g. from inadequate insulin) combined with metabolic ketosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Alpha cells make and release a hormone called glucagon, which raises the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. (wikipedia.org)
- Anti-diabetic drug A kind of medication that helps a person with diabetes control the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood so that the body works as it should. (wikipedia.org)
- diastolic blood pr
- During the study, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in all treatments groups will be maintained ≤ 120 and 80 mmHg respectively, with fixed doses of study treatments and flexible doses of permitted antihypertensive therapy (diuretics, beta blockers, alfa blockers, centrally acting adrenergic blockers. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- systolic blood pr
- The systolic blood pressure (SBP) in normotensive patients may increase by up to 20-30 mm Hg, while hypertensive patients may have an exaggerated reaction-SBP in these patients may increase up to 90 mm Hg ( Ahuja and Charap, 2010 ). (frontiersin.org)
- insulin
- In addition the investigators wish to see if allopurinol can have beneficial effects on blood pressure and insulin sensitivity as well. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Doses
- A study of hemodynamic function in patients with ejection fractions both above and below 35% showed no clinically significant effects on cardiac output, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure at doses of Corvert up to 0.03 mg/kg. (drugs.com)
- Larger doses seem to slightly increase blood pressure but not beyond clinical relevance. (wikipedia.org)
- High blood lactic acid level is a concern if the medication is prescribed inappropriately and in overly large doses. (wikipedia.org)
- metabolites
- This study will evaluate the pharmacokinetics of vildagliptin and its metabolites in patients with mild, moderate or severe renal impairment and healthy volunteers. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Eight metabolites of ibutilide were detected in metabolic profiling of urine. (drugs.com)
- Experiments in which mice were treated with CBD followed by THC showed that CBD treatment was associated with a substantial increase in brain concentrations of THC and its major metabolites, most likely because it decreased the rate of clearance of THC from the body. (wikipedia.org)
- urine
- They will also have blood and urine tests. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Also, 24 hours of regular blood draws and 24-hour urine collection to monitor regular daily cortisol levels. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- In healthy male volunteers, about 82% of a 0.01 mg/kg dose of [ 14 C] ibutilide fumarate was excreted in the urine (about 7% of the dose as unchanged ibutilide) and the remainder (about 19%) was recovered in the feces. (drugs.com)
- Tolerance to the autonomic effects of increased blood pressure and heart rate, and increased urine output, develops with chronic use (i.e., these symptoms become less pronounced or do not occur following consistent use). (wikipedia.org)
- hypertension
- TWYNSTA (telmisartan/amlodipine) tablets are indicated for the treatment of hypertension , alone or with other antihypertensive agents to lower blood pressure. (rxlist.com)
- Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mmHg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. (rxlist.com)
- AIMS The primary aim of this study is to assess whether at comparable levels of optimal blood pressure and metabolic control, the ACE inhibitor delapril alone or in combination with the dihydropyridine CCB manidipine slow the rate of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline as compared with placebo plus conventional antihypertensive therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and hypertension. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Qbrelis is indicated for the treatment of hypertension in adult patients and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older to lower blood pressure. (drugs.com)
- Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal. (drugs.com)
- A class of drugs used to decrease hypertension, mainly by interfering with the renin kidney-blood pressure control cycle. (wikipedia.org)
- clinically significant effect
- Even though it affects cranial blood vessels a single standard dose of almotriptan has no clinically significant effect on blood pressure or heart rate in both young and elderly healthy volunteers. (wikipedia.org)
- renal
- INTRODUCTION Optimal blood pressure, glycemic and lipid control are of utmost importance to minimize the incidence and the progression of chronic renal and cardiovascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- For example, because renal clearance is slower in women, some renally-excreted medications, such as digoxin, may require a dosage adjustment. (aafp.org)
- blood exits into the paired renal veins. (wikipedia.org)
- glomerular
- Pharmacokinetics in women is affected by lower body weight, slower gastrointestinal motility, less intestinal enzymatic activity, and slower glomerular filtration rate. (aafp.org)
- diabetic
- Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in Black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease). (drugs.com)
- serum
- Peripheral arterial tonometry, serum/plasma concentrations of endothelial dysfunction markers, blood pressure, lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- The proposed mechanism involves competitive inhibition of theophylline metabolism via CYP450 1A2, as well as metabolic conversion of caffeine to theophylline in vivo and saturation of theophylline metabolism at higher serum concentrations. (drugs.com)
- In six healthy male volunteers (all smokers), serum concentrations of theophylline (administered as aminophylline 400 mg single oral dose) were significantly higher following consumption of caffeine (2 to 7 cups of instant coffee over 24 hours, equivalent to approximately 120 to 630 mg of caffeine) than after caffeine deprivation for 48 hours. (drugs.com)
- ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Administration of theophylline with continuous enteral nutrition may reduce the serum levels or the rate of absorption of theophylline. (drugs.com)
- The use of theophyllines is associated with an increase in heart rate which may progress to supraventricular tachycardia or ventricular arrhythmia at high serum drug concentrations. (drugs.com)
- Serum lipid concentrations and GFR (estimated with the iohexol plasma clearance) will be measured every six months. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Women should receive lower dosages of digoxin and have lower serum concentration targets than men because of higher mortality rates. (aafp.org)
- CYP2D6
- Considerable unexplained intersubject variability in the debrisoquine metabolic ratio (urinary debrisoquine/4-hydroxydebrisoquine) exists within individual CYP2D6 genotypes. (aspetjournals.org)
- Thirteen healthy young volunteers, nine CYP2D6*1 homozygotes [extensive metabolizers (EMs)] and four CYP2D6*4 homozygotes [poor metabolizers (PMs)] took 12.8 mg of debrisoquine hemisulfate by mouth and collected 0- to 8- and 8- to 24-h urines, which were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase. (aspetjournals.org)
- Affects
- Binding of the drug to the receptor leads to vasoconstriction of the cranial (brain) blood vessels and thus affects the redistribution of blood flow. (wikipedia.org)
- antihypertensive
- Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. (rxlist.com)
- metabolism
- Pharmacokinetics involves the rate and extent of drug movement through the body, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. (aafp.org)
- vessels
- Traditional Chinese physicians used ginkgo leaves to treat asthma and chilblains (inflammation of the small blood vessels in the skin in response to cold but above freezing temperatures). (drugs.com)
- Almotriptan significantly increases cerebral blood flow and reduces blood flow through extracerebral cranial vessels. (wikipedia.org)
- Angiopathy A process that damages the blood vessels. (wikipedia.org)
- Arteriosclerosis Hardening of the blood vessels. (wikipedia.org)
- intravenous
- In a study in healthy volunteers, intravenous infusions of Corvert resulted in prolongation of the QT interval that was directly correlated with ibutilide plasma concentration during and after 10-minute and 8-hour infusions. (drugs.com)
- severe
- For example, a 2014 review found tentative evidence that people treated with sulfonylureas had a higher risk of severe low blood sugar events (RR 5.64), though their risk of non-fatal cardiovascular events was lower than the risk of those treated with metformin (RR 0.67). (wikipedia.org)
- excretion
- The nephron utilizes four processes to alter the blood plasma which flows to it: filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion. (wikipedia.org)
- reduction
- It causes a significant reduction in blood pressure and heart rate in healthy volunteers. (wikipedia.org)
- reduces
- Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. (rxlist.com)
- Subjects
- Sato J, Nakata H, Owada E, Kikuta T, Umetsu M, Ito K "Influence of usual intake of dietary caffeine on single-dose kinetics of theophylline in healthy human subjects. (drugs.com)
- ischemic
- However, they also found that a subgroup of nonwhite men had elevated rates of death from chronic ischemic heart disease when compared with the overall US population. (epa.gov)
- Clinical
- The UK Prospective Diabetes Study, a large clinical trial performed in 1980-90s, provided evidence that metformin reduced the rate of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes relative to other antihyperglycemic agents. (wikipedia.org)
- dose
- The maximum effect was a function of both the dose of Corvert and the infusion rate. (drugs.com)
- Early research in healthy people shows that taking a single dose of guarana extract can improve thinking speed and some aspects of memory. (webmd.com)
- If blood pressure is not controlled with Qbrelis alone, a low dose of a diuretic may be added (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide, 12.5 mg). (drugs.com)
- Almotriptan clearance is moderately reduced in the elderly but does not require dose adjustment. (wikipedia.org)
- higher
- People with central obesity and metabolic syndrome may have higher than normal cortisol levels that the body cannot regulate properly. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- For example, in a previous study Matanoski and coworkers reported that while mortality of styrene-exposed workers from atherosclerotic heart disease was less than mortality of the overall US population, it was significantly higher among a subgroup of black workers than would be expected based on general population rates. (epa.gov)
- The Cochrane Collaboration's reviews on the treatment of ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults with pharmaceutical amphetamines stated that while these drugs improve short-term symptoms, they have higher discontinuation rates than non-stimulant medications due to their adverse side effects. (wikipedia.org)
- Infusion
- Day 3: Infusion of cortisol-like compounds and then regular blood draws for about 3 hours to evaluate how cortisol is metabolized. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Treatment
- For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program's Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC). (rxlist.com)
- To study the effects of short-term mifepristone treatment for metabolic syndrome. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- DW Dodick (Cephalalgia, 2004,24, 298-304) Almotriptan improves response rates when treatment is within 1 hour of migraine onset. (wikipedia.org)
- Workers
- This discrepancy is often found in such studies because workers tend to be healthier than the general population (the healthy worker effect). (epa.gov)
- concentration
- In another study, steady-state concentration and area under the concentration-time curve of theophylline (1200 mg intravenously over 24 hours) increased by 23% and 40%, respectively, in eight healthy volunteers following administration of caffeine (300 mg orally three times a day). (drugs.com)
- Control
- An agent which interferes with the renin (kidney-lung-heart blood pressure control) cycle. (wikipedia.org)
- adults
- For the general population of healthy adults, Health Canada advises a daily intake of no more than 400 mg. (wikipedia.org)
- incidence
- Comparison of the cited figures, however, can provide the prescriber with some basis for estimating the relative contributions of drug and nondrug factors to the untoward event incidence rate in the population studied. (rxlist.com)
- drug
- Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals. (rxlist.com)
- Many patients will require more than 1 drug to achieve blood pressure goals. (drugs.com)
- THC is converted rapidly to 11-hydroxy-THC, which is also pharmacologically active, so the drug effect outlasts measurable THC levels in blood. (wikipedia.org)
- side effects
- 2005 Jul-Aug;45(7):874-82) Triptans and CNS side effects: pharmacokinetic and metabolic mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
- play an important role
- Abnormal cortisol levels may play an important role in metabolic syndrome. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- levels
- These risk factors include central obesity (extra weight around the middle of the body) and high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- lower
- Alpha-adrenergic blockers and PDE5 inhibitors are both vasodilators that can lower blood pressure. (drugs.com)
- study
- In conclusion, this study suggests that the traditional metabolic ratio is not a true measure of the debrisoquine 4-hydroxylation capacity of an individual and thus may, in part, explain the wide intragenotype variation in metabolic ratio. (aspetjournals.org)
- After 7 days, participants will return to the metabolic unit to repeat the Day 1 and Day 2 study procedures. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- One week after the second set of study tests, participants will return for a brief physical exam and blood tests. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- The primary efficacy variable of this study is the rate of GFR decline. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Allometry is a well-known study, particularly in statistical shape analysis for its theoretical developments, as well as in biology for practical applications to the differential growth rates of the parts of a living organism's body. (wikipedia.org)
- placebo
- Change from baseline to 9 months in the allopurinol group compared to placebo in systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure, systolic and diastolic Office blood pressure. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- plasma
- Terminal rate constant in plasma. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Ibutilide has a high systemic plasma clearance that approximates liver blood flow (about 29 mL/min/kg), a large steady-state volume of distribution (about 11 L/kg) in healthy volunteers, and minimal (about 40%) protein binding. (drugs.com)
- risk
- A person is said to have metabolic syndrome if they have three or more of the above risk factors. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- People with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for type 2 diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Lowering blood pressure lowers the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. (drugs.com)
- It has a low risk of causing low blood sugar. (wikipedia.org)
- Body
- Acidosis An acidic condition in body fluids, chiefly blood. (wikipedia.org)
- type
- However, limitations of the data make it difficult to assess the roles of factors such as diet, smoking, physical activity, blood pressure or type of job within the industry. (epa.gov)
- People
- Allopurinol lowers uric acid in the blood and is normally indicated for gout, but studies have showed that it also can reduce the thickness of the left ventricle of the heart in people with heart- and kidney disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Increasing blood pressure in people who have low blood pressure. (webmd.com)
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