AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
RNA InterferenceRNA, Small InterferingRNARNA, ViralRNA, Double-StrandedGene SilencingNucleic Acid ConformationRNA, MessengerGene Knockdown TechniquesBase SequenceRNA EditingLentivirusCell Line, TumorRNA SplicingMolecular Sequence DataCell LineRNA, CatalyticRNA, RibosomalRNA, BacterialInverted Repeat SequencesTransfectionGenetic VectorsRibonuclease IIIDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesHeLa CellsCell ProliferationReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionDown-RegulationRNA VirusesRNA StabilityRNA, UntranslatedSignal TransductionRNA, AntisenseRNA-Induced Silencing ComplexRNA Processing, Post-TranscriptionalMutationRNA FoldingApoptosisRNA-Binding ProteinsCells, CulturedBlotting, WesternProtein BindingRNA HelicasesTranscription, GeneticPromoter Regions, GeneticRNA, Small NuclearAmino Acid SequenceRNA Polymerase IIGene Expression RegulationVirus ReplicationRNA, FungalRNA PrecursorsPlasmidsArgonaute ProteinsDEAD-box RNA HelicasesMicroscopy, InterferenceGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticTranscription FactorsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsRNA, PlantRNA, ProtozoanSequence Analysis, RNACaenorhabditis elegansRNA, HelminthDNA PrimersDNAMicroRNAsNuclear ProteinsRNA, TransferMice, NudeOligonucleotidesProtein Structure, TertiaryCell SurvivalCell MovementPhosphorylationHEK293 CellsPhenotypeBinding SitesTrypanosoma brucei bruceiGene ExpressionModels, BiologicalImmunoprecipitationBase PairingModels, MolecularRNA CapsRNA Polymerase IIIGenes, ReporterGenetic TherapyUp-RegulationProtein TransportGene TargetingCaenorhabditis elegans ProteinsDNA-Binding ProteinsDrosophila ProteinsGene Expression ProfilingNucleic Acid DenaturationNeoplasm InvasivenessCell NucleusRNA, NeoplasmCell Differentiation
ShRNARNAiMammalianSiRNAsShort HaiMRNAShRNAsInduceGENESDsRNAVectorDouble-strandedSiRNAMoleculesHannonKnockdownProteinsAntisenseRISCSmallVectorsPotentProteinViralAntiviralSequenceSilenceCellsCRISPRGene'sTelomeraseDiseasesMechanismSuccessfullyConstructsTumor growthTranscriptionalVirusesTherapies2002MiceUpperLongReplication
ShRNA16
  • In the present study, we used a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-driven DNA template approach to induce short hairpin RNA (shRNA) triggered RNAi to block exogenous Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) and endogenous No Tail (NTL) gene expressions. (onacademic.com)
  • A short hairpin RNA or small hairpin RNA (shRNA/Hairpin Vector) is an artificial RNA molecule with a tight hairpin turn that can be used to silence target gene expression via RNA interference (RNAi). (wikipedia.org)
  • If the shRNA is expressed at levels that are too high, the cell might not be able to correctly process the endogenous RNA which could cause significant problems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depletion of ZNF148 by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and CRISPR/Cas9 increased triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation and migration. (nature.com)
  • One vector allows for conditional activation, whereas the other permits conditional inactivation of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression. (nih.gov)
  • Sustained expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) can be accomplished in mammalian cells by viral delivery systems. (ejbiotechnology.info)
  • With this adenovirus vector, an active siRNA sequences (N1-PPRV) was transcribed into the infected cells as a short hairpin RNA precursor (shRNA, with approximately 50 nt). (europa.eu)
  • After transcription, the shRNA is processed into active 21-nucleotides RNAs by a cellular enzyme called Dicer, and it recognises and destroys the viral mRNA target. (europa.eu)
  • Thus, we analyzed a combination of PLK1 (polo-like kinase 1)-specific short hair RNA (shRNA), a potent tool to destroy mitosis in cancer cells, together with CPT-11 to enhance drug sensitivity. (elis.sk)
  • As we expect, the combination treatment delayed tumor growth (p of PLK1-specific shRNA interference with low-dose CPT-11 triggered a antitumor efficacy and represented a potential strategy to treat colon cancer. (elis.sk)
  • The lentivirus-short hairpin RNA (shRNA) system is a broadly used instrument for RNA interference. (cyphergenomics.com)
  • Based on an idea by Hannon, a pioneer in RNAi technology, and using molecular tools developed in the Lowe laboratory, the team designed an assay that tests thousands of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules at a time for their ability to shut down genes of interest in cells and identifies the most potent RNAi triggers. (sciencedaily.com)
  • positive interference (22006), transfection with the pGv113-shRNA, in which the reddish fluorescence is definitely from your transfected reddish fluorescent protein. (baxkyardgardener.com)
  • Abbreviation: shRNA, short hairpin RNA. (baxkyardgardener.com)
  • Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) refers to a sequence of RNA that has the ability to silence genes in a sequence-specific manner via RNA interference (RNAi). (altogenlabs.com)
  • Further, we have also shown that SIRT1 inhibition via nicotinamide and sirtinol as well as via short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated RNA interference resulted in FoxO1-mediated inhibition of the growth and viability of human PCa cells. (wisc.edu)
RNAi18
  • The ability to utilize the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery for silencing target-gene expression has created a lot of excitement in the research community. (onacademic.com)
  • RNA interference (RNAi), mediated by short double-stranded RNAs, is a powerful mechanism for posttranscriptional gene silencing. (ejbiotechnology.info)
  • The strategy is based on the RNA interference (RNAi), a process which has been the winning research of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2006. (europa.eu)
  • RNAi is activated when RNA molecules occur as double-stranded pairs in the cell. (europa.eu)
  • Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) expressed from short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) are a powerful way to mediate gene specific RNA interference (RNAi) in mammalian cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Potential of RNA interference (RNAi) was explored to knock down transcript levels of imidacloprid resistant genes in Colorado potato beetle (CPB) under laboratory conditions. (potatobeetle.org)
  • RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful tool for functional gene analysis which has been successfully used to downregulate the expression levels of target genes. (virosin.org)
  • Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be inhibited by means of RNA silencing or interference (RNAi) using synthetic short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or gene constructs encoding short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) or long hairpin RNAs (lhRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNAi is mediated by small (21- to 24-nucleotide [nt]) antisense RNAs that induce gene-specific silencing by virtue of complete or partial complementarity with their respective target mRNAs (2, 13, 72, 73, 75). (moam.info)
  • This accomplishment will now allow biologists to fully exploit RNA interference (RNAi), a natural cellular mechanism that has already been co-opted by scientists for myriad purposes such as hunting for cancer genes, stopping viral infections and more recently, treating diseases in clinical trials. (sciencedaily.com)
  • For every gene, depending on the size of its protein-coding RNA, there are potentially 500 to 5000 different small RNAs that can trigger RNAi," explains Hannon. (sciencedaily.com)
  • ShRNAs that were inefficient at triggering RNAi failed to spur the destruction of their target (or sensor) genes' RNA and that of the fluorescent marker. (sciencedaily.com)
  • But shRNAs that were potent RNAi triggers caused the efficient destruction of the target gene's RNA and that of the fluorescent marker as well. (sciencedaily.com)
  • RNA interference (RNAi), a powerful method of repressing gene expression using small RNA hairpins, has brought significant advances in biomedical research, particularly for perturbing gene function to dissect genotype-phenotype relationships. (juniperlifesciences.com)
  • RNAi is a double-stranded RNA-mediated mechanism evolved to regulate gene expression to combat viral DNA post-transcriptionally. (juniperlifesciences.com)
  • RNAi works by processing double-stranded RNA hairpins into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or micro-RNAs (miRNAs). (juniperlifesciences.com)
  • RNAi stable cell lines refer to cell lines that have been genetically modified to stably express short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) or other RNA-based molecules that induce RNA interference (RNAi). (altogenservices.com)
  • RNAi stable cell lines are typically created through the use of viral vectors, such as lentivirus or retrovirus, which are used to deliver shRNAs or other RNA-based molecules into the cells. (altogenservices.com)
Mammalian3
SiRNAs2
  • RNA interference can be induced by synthetic short double-stranded RNA molecules containing around 21-25 nucleotides (short interfering RNAs - siRNAs). (europa.eu)
  • The best characterized of these small RNAs are small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). (moam.info)
Short Hai6
  • Cells were antibiotic selected for stable expression of a transfected plasmid that expresses a short hairpin RNA for urate oxidase knockdown. (cdc.gov)
  • Antagonising RUNX1 expression via short-hairpin RNA interference preserved contractile function following myocardial infarction. (bvsalud.org)
  • The p110α isoform of PI3K was silenced using a lentiviral vector expressing short hairpin RNA. (ubc.ca)
  • All we had to do then was to sort these cells out, pull out each cell's genetic material and sequence the short hairpin RNA," explains graduate student Christof Fellman, who together with post-doctoral fellow Johannes Zuber led these efforts. (sciencedaily.com)
  • utilizes a combination of high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization, short hairpin RNA inhibition of target genes at the locations of focal genomic deletions, and a primed cell mosaic mouse model to identify novel tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It involves introducing into the cell tiny pieces of genetic material called "micro RNA" or "short hairpin RNA" that are designed to specifically switch off a particular gene. (fshfriends.org)
MRNA4
  • Cells can inhibit the expression of intrinsic or foreign genes at the mRNA level by RNA interference. (europa.eu)
  • Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) activates a biochemical machinery into the cell which degrades those mRNA molecules with a genetic code complementary to that of the dsRNA. (europa.eu)
  • Such silencing RNA molecules can be introduced into the cell and activate the RNA interference machinery to silence the complementary mRNA sequence. (europa.eu)
  • Though the means by which they are formed differ, both are incorporated into ribonucleoprotein complexes termed RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) and unwound, and the guide strand (complementary to an mRNA target) is selected to form the active or holo-RISC complex. (moam.info)
ShRNAs1
  • Altogen Labs offers a complete service for preparing DNA templates and synthesizing hairpin shRNAs. (altogenlabs.com)
Induce1
  • These small RNAs then bind to homologous mRNAs and induce their degradation through the recruitment of the RNA induced silencing complex (RISC). (juniperlifesciences.com)
GENES2
  • RNA interference occurs in plants, animals, and humans and it is already being used as a method to study the function of genes and as a defence strategy against diseases. (europa.eu)
  • We use these engineered Cas9 activation complexes to investigate sgRNA targeting rules for effective transcriptional activation, demonstrate multiplexed activation of 10 genes simultaneously, and upregulate long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) transcripts. (cdc.gov)
DsRNA1
  • Virus replication leads to the production of doublestranded RNA (dsRNA), which triggers the RNA silencing response and robust production of siRNA. (moam.info)
Vector4
  • Furthermore, to facilitate the transfer of the functional interfering RNA sequences to infected animals, we have constructed a recombinant DNA viral vector commonly used as a vaccine. (europa.eu)
  • The lentiviral interference vector pLV3-si-Stathmin targeting Stathmin gene and the control vector pLV3-NC were established for the co-transfection of 293T cells together with the helper plasmids. (biomedcentral.com)
  • DNA sequencing and viral titer assay indicated that the lentiviral interference vector was successfully established with a viral titer of 4 × 10 8 TU/ml. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ijn-10-3231s3.tif (117K) GUID:?449EEC09-1D2D-49E6-BDA9-0B4F9A9B095B Body S4: The vectors for RNA interference.Records: Upper -panel: the system for the framework from the vector pGv113. (baxkyardgardener.com)
Double-stranded2
  • An alternative method to inhibit HIV-1 is the use of gene constructs encoding HIV-1-specific long hairpin RNAs (lhRNAs, transcripts folding an extended hairpin structure) or long double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs, two complementary transcripts that form an extended duplex). (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1998). Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. (geneticsmr.com)
SiRNA1
  • This silencing response leads to reduced levels of viral proteins, and in the case of cells infected with an RNA virus, viral sense or antisense genomes can also be targeted for degradation by siRNA. (moam.info)
Molecules2
  • Scientists have developed a powerful method that allows them to sift through thousands of candidate hairpin-shaped RNA molecules at a time and pull out only those RNAs that potently shut down the activity of a target gene. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A research team led by scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) has developed a powerful method that allows them to sift through thousands of candidate hairpin-shaped RNA molecules at a time and pull out only those RNAs that potently shut down the activity of a target gene. (sciencedaily.com)
Hannon1
  • There is still very little that is known about small RNA biogenesis," says Hannon. (sciencedaily.com)
Knockdown2
  • A general method for gene knockdown in mice by using lentiviral vectors expressing small interfering RNA RID A-5315-2009 [J]. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ,2003:1844---1848. (onacademic.com)
  • Interference RNA-mediated knockdown of GPR56 recapitulates the loss of adhesion seen in knock-outs, and reexpression of GPR56 rescues the adhesion defect in knock-out granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
Proteins1
  • The RNA moves outside the nucleus where they direct the manufacture of proteins. (fshfriends.org)
Antisense1
RISC1
Small3
  • Basically, it involves using a small hairpin shaped snippet of RNA to turn off a single gene at a time. (usf.edu)
  • The importance of RNA silencing to HSV-1 replication was confirmed by a significantly enhanced virus burst size in cells in which silencing was knocked down with small inhibitory RNAs directed to Argonaute 2, an integral component of the silencing complex. (moam.info)
  • The half-life of SNK is increased in HeLa cells that down-regulated hVPS18 by lentivirus-mediated small hairpin RNA interference. (elsevierpure.com)
Vectors1
Potent2
  • Expression of the lhNef hairpin within the HIV-1 genome results in potent trans-inhibition of wild-type HIV-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNA-induced silencing is a potent innate antiviral defense strategy in plants, and suppression of silencing is a hallmark of pathogenic plant viruses. (moam.info)
Protein5
  • The ability of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) to suppress silencing was examined in a transient expression system that employed an imperfect hairpin to target degradation of transcripts encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). (moam.info)
  • The trigger is a tiny piece of RNA, which, by attaching to a matching piece of the target gene's RNA, spurs its destruction, thereby shutting down the production of protein from that gene. (sciencedaily.com)
  • JustBio Hosted Tools - A range of online tools for DNA, RNA and protein work (requires free registration). (fenteany.com)
  • RNA is a photocopy of a recipe that you can take home to cook something in your kitchen (making the protein). (fshfriends.org)
  • Cas9 nuclease can be converted into an RNA-guided DNA binding protein (dCas9) via inactivation of its two catalytic domains 12 , 13 and then fused to transcription activation domains. (cdc.gov)
Viral2
  • The RNA silencing response to viral infection is so robust that all major groups of plant viruses examined to date, including those with DNA genomes, have been shown to encode one or more RNA silencing suppressors (RSSs) which act as pathogenicity determinants (4, 34). (moam.info)
  • Therapeutic development: This cell lines can be used to develop RNA-based therapies for the treatment of diseases such as cancer and viral infections. (altogenservices.com)
Antiviral2
  • RNA silencing: a conserved antiviral immunity of plants and animals [J]. VIRUS RESEARCH ,2004:109---115. (onacademic.com)
  • In plants, which do not have a classical immune system, RNA silencing is an important antiviral defense strategy (9, 69). (moam.info)
Sequence1
  • The European Ribosomal RNA Database - Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequence data listed by organism, secondary structure prediction programs and other software, links to related sites. (fenteany.com)
Silence1
Cells4
  • RNA interference was used to inhibit the expression of PYCR1 in PANC- 1 and AsPC-1 cells. (jcancer.org)
  • RNA interference by short hairpin RNAs expressed in vertebrate cells. (virosin.org)
  • To overcome this problem, we developed a system for mediating RNA interference in monocytic cells. (ubc.ca)
  • Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) were used to deliver micro RNA that was designed to switch off the FRG1 gene into the cells of the mice. (fshfriends.org)
CRISPR1
  • To date, various genome-scale loss-of-function screening methods have been developed, including approaches employing RNA interference 1 , 2 and the RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 from the microbial CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) adaptive immune system 3 , 4 . (cdc.gov)
Gene's1
  • When a gene is 'switched on', RNA 'photocopies' of the gene's code are made. (fshfriends.org)
Telomerase1
  • Thus, over the past decade telomeric G-quadruplex DNA has been thoroughly studied with an initial focus on the possible interferences with telomerase activity [ 25 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diseases1
Mechanism1
  • This accomplishment will now allow biologists to fully exploit RNA interference, a natural cellular mechanism that has already been co-opted by scientists for myriad purposes. (sciencedaily.com)
Successfully1
  • Mr. BRYAN CULLEN (Scientist, Duke University): There have been a number of experiments done in rodents, in particular in a mice, that have successfully shown that RNA interference does work at the whole organism level. (usf.edu)
Constructs1
  • Suppression of zebrafish VEGF gene by cytomegalovirus promoter-driven short hairpin constructs induces vascular development defects and down regulation NRP1 expression [J]. BIOLOGIA ,2009:1025---1031. (onacademic.com)
Tumor growth1
  • And in vivo , PYCR1 interference also significantly inhibited tumor growth both in the tumor volume and weight. (jcancer.org)
Transcriptional2
  • The present report describes an effort to develop a natural dietary therapy for this disorder by transcriptional suppression of wheat DEMETER (DME) homeologs using RNA interference. (glutenfreesociety.org)
  • Although the current generation of dCas9-based transcription activators is able to achieve up-regulation of some endogenous loci, the magnitude of transcriptional up-regulation achieved by individual single-guide RNAs (sgRNAs) 12 typically ranges from low to ineffective 8 - 11 . (cdc.gov)
Viruses1
  • They are targeting the messenger RNA of the nucleoprotein gene of these viruses, then blocking the virus multiplication process. (europa.eu)
Therapies1
  • The new potential therapies involve switching off a gene so that the RNA copy is not made. (fshfriends.org)
20022
Mice1
  • We also demonstrate the usefulness of this approach to achieve conditional, tissue-specific RNA interference in Cre-expressing transgenic mice. (nih.gov)
Upper1
  • Coxsackievirus B is an RNA Enterovirus, which usually causes an asymptomatic or brief upper respiratory tract or gastroenteric infection. (medscape.com)
Long3
  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), due to their multifunction in various biological processes, have been indicated to play a crucial role in CSC renewal and stemness maintenance. (nature.com)
  • In order to solve this problem, we constructed an HIV-1 variant with a 300 bp long hairpin structure in the 3' part of the genome corresponding to the Nef gene (HIV-lhNef). (biomedcentral.com)
  • He says at first scientists didn't think the RNA snippets would last long enough to do any thing useful if they were injected into the bloodstream. (usf.edu)
Replication1
  • However, HIV-lhNef demonstrated a severe production and replication defect, which we were able to solve by selecting spontaneous virus variants with truncated hairpin structures. (biomedcentral.com)