Growth known gap 43 protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Stable tubule-only polypeptide (STOP) proteins are a family of microtubule associated proteins (MAPs) important in microtubule stabilization. (ox.ac.uk)

GAP43 staining of region CA1-CA4 of the hippocampus. (neuromics.com)
These effects differed from those observed after partial denervation of the hippocampus and spinal cord, revealing marked regional differences in the response of axonal and glial proteins to afferent lesions. (jneurosci.org)
Using synapsin I and GAP-43 as markers, we investigated the neuronal cell death and the synaptic plastic modification in the rat hippocampus of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. (ewha.ac.kr)
The immunoreactivity of synapsin I and GAP-43 was increased in the stratum lucidum in the CA3 subfield as well as in the inner and outer molecular layers of dentate gyrus in the hippocampus at reperfusion for 2 weeks. (ewha.ac.kr)
For STOP null and heterozygous mice, synaptophysin, VGlut1, GAP-43 and spinophilin mRNAs were decreased in the hippocampus, whilst in addition in the null mice, synaptophysin, VGlut1 and spinophilin mRNAs were decreased in the cerebellum. (ox.ac.uk)
The results showed multiple inhalation of sevoflurane led to learning and memory dysfunction, downregulated the expression of the synaptic-related proteins, decreased dendritic spine density in the hippocampus, increased the expression level of proBDNF and PAI-1, and reduced expression of BDNF, tPA, and p-TrkB. (smarttots.org)
Neonatal prebiotic (BGOS) supplementation increases the levels of synaptophysin, GluN2A-subunits and BDNF proteins in the adult rat hippocampus. (ox.ac.uk)

GAP43 is called a "growth" or "plasticity" protein because it is expressed at high levels in neuronal growth cones during development and axonal regeneration, and it is phosphorylated after long-term potentiation and after learning. (wikipedia.org)
Pp46 was concentrated in neuronal growth cones and was thus postulated to play an important role in brain development. (wikipedia.org)
The phorbol ester-induced stabilization of GAP-43 mRNA was blocked by the protein kinase inhibitor polymyxin B and was partially inhibited by dexamethasone, an agent that blocks GAP-43 expression and neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells. (rupress.org)
In this category of experimentation, besides the use of locally delivered trophic factors (such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)-, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-peptides or growth factors-gene-encoding vectors) [ 8 ], regionally grafted fetal or embryonic stem cell-derived neuronal precursors are frequently used [ 9 - 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
This work focuses on two neuronal human intrinsically disordered proteins, the Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) and the Brain Acid Soluble Protein 1 (BASP1). (univie.ac.at)
For instance, palmitoylation from the development associated proteins, GAP-43, really helps to direct the proteins towards the plasma membrane, where it really is involved with neuronal growing and development, the expansion and branching of neuronal axon ideas especially, or development cones[20C23]. (epf2013.org)
In the entire case of neuronal development and Distance-43, palmitoylation works as a competent cellular mechanism to regulate the structure and redecorating of something as powerful and plastic being a neuronal synapse in the developing human brain. (epf2013.org)

GAP43 is also referred to as: protein F1 neuromodulin neural phosphoprotein B-50 axonal membrane protein GAP-43 calmodulin-binding protein P-57 nerve growth-related peptide GAP43 neuron growth-associated protein 43 GAP43, is a nervous tissue-specific cytoplasmic protein that can be attached to the membrane via a dual palmitoylation sequence on cysteines 3 and 4. (wikipedia.org)
Using a high-throughput Luminex assay of NSCLC tissues, the present study identified growth associated protein 43 (GAP43), an axonal membrane protein, as an independent predictor of brain metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)

Results: A significant increase of GAP-43 immunoreactive nerve fiber density was observed at the RA ablation sites in 2 hours (4,410 ± 1,379 μm 2 /mm 2 ) and in 1 month (2,948 ± 666 μm 2 /mm 2 ) after ablation compared to controls (1,377 ± 471 μm 2 /mm 2 , P = .0001). (elsevierpure.com)
with several studies showing a reduction in GAP-43 immunoreactive cutaneous nerve fibres. (ox.ac.uk)
Thus, using a combination of in vivo microdialysis and immunohistochemistry, we assessed whether EC levels and neuropeptide Y (NPY)- and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43)-immunoreactive (IR) terminals in the OB changed during in utero cocaine exposure. (firis.pl)

Repolarization-depolarization disturbances in BrS patients can be caused by genetic mutations, abnormal neural crest cell migration, low expression of connexin-43 gap junction protein, or connexome disturbances. (bvsalud.org)

Posttranscriptional regulation of GAP-43 gene expression in PC12 cells through protein kinase C-dependent stabilization of the mRNA. (rupress.org)
We have previously shown that nerve growth factor (NGF) selectively stabilizes the GAP-43 mRNA in PC12 cells. (rupress.org)
To study the cellular mechanisms for this post-transcriptional control and to determine the contribution of mRNA stability to GAP-43 gene expression, we examined the effects of several agents that affect PC12 cell differentiation on the level of induction and rate of degradation of the GAP-43 mRNA. (rupress.org)
The NGF-mediated increase in GAP-43 mRNA levels and neurite outgrowth was mimicked by the phorbol ester TPA, but not by dibutyryl cAMP or the calcium ionophore A12783. (rupress.org)
Downregulation of protein kinase C (PKC) by high doses of phorbol esters or selective PKC inhibitors prevented the induction of this mRNA by NGF, suggesting that NGF and TPA act through a common PKC-dependent pathway. (rupress.org)
In mRNA decay studies, phorbol esters caused a selective 6-fold increase in the half-life of the GAP-43 mRNA, which accounts for most of the induction of this mRNA by TPA. (rupress.org)
In contrast, the rates of degradation and the levels of the GAP-43 mRNA in control and TPA-treated cells were not affected by cycloheximide treatment. (rupress.org)
Thus, changes in GAP-43 mRNA turnover do not appear to require continuous protein synthesis. (rupress.org)
In conclusion, these data suggest that PKC activity regulates the levels of the GAP-43 mRNA in PC12 cells through a novel, translation-independent mRNA stabilization mechanism. (rupress.org)
Alterations in synaptic protein mRNA expression were also detected in the frontal and occipital cortex. (ox.ac.uk)
Through recognition of its binding proteins, m6A can regulate various aspects of mRNA metabolism and is essential for maintaining higher brain functions. (encyclopedia.pub)
Early deprivation led to decreases in hippocampal growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) mRNA, serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT(1A)R) mRNA and binding ([3H]WAY100635), and to increased vesicular GABA transporter mRNA. (ox.ac.uk)
Anatomical characterization of cytoglobin and neuroglobin mRNA and protein expression in the mouse brain. (tamu.edu)

GAP43, the consensus choice for its designation, is a nervous system-specific protein that is attached to the membrane via a dual palmitoylation sequence on cysteines 3 and 4, though it can exist in the non-bound form in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
GAP-43 is a protein concentrated on the inner surface of the growth cone membrane. (harvard.edu)
Their membrane interaction properties are influenced by acylation of the proteins' N-termini. (univie.ac.at)
Some light is thus shed on the binding of intrinsically disordered proteins to membrane systems and on the accompanying structural changes. (univie.ac.at)
This reversible and powerful adjustment escalates the hydrophobicity of protein, raising connections with various other hydrophobic moieties thus, like the plasma membrane. (epf2013.org)

GAP43 is a proven marker for developing and regenerating neurons, and to a lesser extent, reactive glial cells. (neuromics.com)
The role of GAP-43 in CNS development is not limited to effects on axons: It is also a component of the centrosome, and differentiating neurons that do not express GAP-43 show mislocalization of the centrosome and mitotic spindles, particularly in neurogenic cell divisions. (wikipedia.org)
However, the presence of this protein is not sufficient to enable these neurons to accomplish a full program of axon regeneration. (nin.nl)
Our data suggest that the increase in the synapsin I and GAP-43 immunoreactivity probably mediates either the functional adaptation of the neurons through reactive synaptogenesis from the pre-existing presynaptic nerve terminals or the structural remodeling of their axonal connections in the areas with ischemic loss of target cells. (ewha.ac.kr)
A nervous tissue specific protein which is highly expressed in NEURONS during development and NERVE REGENERATION. (bvsalud.org)
Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) has long been used as a marker for nerve regeneration following nerve injury, with numerous in vitro and animal studies showing its upregulation in regenerating neurons. (ox.ac.uk)
Gi protein functions in thalamic neurons to decrease orofacial nociceptive response. (tamu.edu)

Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP43) is a protein encoded by the GAP43 gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Humans with a deletion in one allele of the GAP43 gene fail to form telencephalic commissures and are intellectually disabled. (wikipedia.org)
We also did not identify pre-post surgical differences in cutaneous GAP-43 gene expression or associations with regeneration. (ox.ac.uk)
Acetylation is one of protein modifications and important for gene expression by modulating activity or conformation of transcription factors and histones. (oatext.com)
Although Bromodomain-containing proteins which bind to acetylated histones have critical roles to induce transcription, recent reports suggest that lysine acetylation-mediated dissociation from negatively charged Glutamic acid-rich acidic domain-containing proteins has a significant impact on the gene expression. (oatext.com)
Lysine acetylation is a protein modification as binding sites for Bromodomain-containing 'reader' proteins (BRD) critical to induce gene expression [4]. (oatext.com)
Those proteins contain numerous factors related to DNA binding, transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, suggesting that acetylation-mediated dissociation from acidic domain-containing proteins may be a key step to enhance the gene expression. (oatext.com)
Lysine acetylation-mediated dissociation from acidic domain-containing proteins as a key step for the gene expression. (oatext.com)
Combination of acetylation-mediated dissociation in the proximal promoter region and binding of bromodomain-containing 'reader' proteins (BRD) to lysine acetylation in the distal enhancer region may synergize to induce gene expression. (oatext.com)
The MBD5 gene provides instructions for a protein that likely regulates the activity (expression) of genes, controlling the production of proteins that are involved in neurological functions such as learning, memory, and behavior. (medlineplus.gov)
MBD5 gene mutations and deletions prevent one copy of the MBD5 gene in each cell from producing any functional protein, which reduces the total amount of this protein in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
It is likely that any changes in MBD5 protein levels impair its regulation of gene expression, leading to the uncontrolled production of certain proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
An increase or decrease in MBD5 protein disrupts gene expression that is normally well-controlled by this protein, which is likely why duplications and deletions involving the MBD5 gene lead to the same signs and symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)

This can occur within a lipid raft so as to compartmentalize and localize motility of filopodia in growth cones in developing brains, and could also remodel presynaptic terminals in adults in an activity-dependent manner. (wikipedia.org)
It is a major component of the motile 'growth cones' that form the tips of elongating axons. (embl.de)
The growth associated protein GAP-43, a molecule present in axons and growth cones, decreased in the dorsolateral striatum after aspiration but not after thermocoagulatory lesions. (jneurosci.org)
Growth cones are powerful amplifiers for signals from the microenvironment. (harvard.edu)
The GAP-43 peptides therefore regulate the sensitivity of growth cones to extrinsic signals. (harvard.edu)

also known as neuromodulin) is a 24 kDa, neuron growth cone-associated member of the neuromodulin family. (neuromics.com)
It was designated F1, then B-50, then GAP43, pp46, and finally neuromodulin, each name reflecting a different function of the same molecule. (wikipedia.org)
Neuromodulin (GAP-43). (embl.de)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptophysin, vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1), microtubule-associated protein-2, and spinophilin transcripts were unchanged. (ox.ac.uk)
Furthermore, they blocked the upregulation of proBDNF and PAI-1 protein expression and increased the expression of BDNF, tPA, and p-TrkB. (smarttots.org)
We have tested whether feeding neonatal rats daily (from post-natal days 3-21) with a galacto-oligosaccharide prebiotic (Bimuno®, BGOS) or a control solution, alters the levels of hippocampal N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) subunits (GluN1, GluN2A, GluN2B), synaptic proteins (synaptophysin, MAP2, and GAP43) and brain-derived-neurotrophic factor (BDNF), at post-natal days 22 and 56. (ox.ac.uk)

We evaluate GAP-43 immunoreactivity and RNA expression levels in finger skin biopsies taken before and 6 months after surgery, relative to healthy controls. (ox.ac.uk)

In fundamental cell biological processes such as signal transduction, enzymatic activity or intracellular fusion during vesicular transport, a large number of proteins are recruited to and released from the cytoplasmic surface of intracellular membranes (Casey et al. (biologists.com)

We examined the capacity of this protein to increase the regenerative potential of injured adult central axons, by inducing targeted B-50/GAP-43 overexpression in Purkinje cells, which normally show poor regenerative capabilities. (nin.nl)
Nevertheless, despite these growth phenomena, which never occurred in wild-type mice, the severed transgenic axons were not able to regenerate, either spontaneously or into embryonic neural or Schwann cell grafts placed into the lesion site. (nin.nl)
Oddly enough, GAP-43 proteins appearance in axons continues to be unchanged between development and the ultimate development of older synapses[26]. (epf2013.org)

These data suggest that PKC may regulate interactions of EWS and other RNA-binding proteins with their RNA targets and that IQ domains may provide a regulatory link between Ca2+ signal transduction pathways and RNA processing. (embl.de)

Phosphorylation of serine-41 on GAP-43 by PKC regulates neurite formation, regeneration, and synaptic plasticity. (wikipedia.org)

Unphosphorylated, calmodulin-bound GAP-43 is always associated with neurite retraction, while S41 phosphorylated GAP-43 stabilizes actin filaments and promotes growth cone extension. (neuromics.com)
The prooncoprotein EWS binds calmodulin and is phosphorylated by protein kinase C through an IQ domain. (embl.de)
Here we report that EWS, a nuclear RNA-binding prooncoprotein, contains an IQ domain, is phosphorylated by protein kinase C, and interacts with calmodulin. (embl.de)
Calmodulin (CaM) is recognized as a major calcium sensor and orchestrator of regulatory events through its interaction with a diverse group of cellular proteins. (embl.de)
Beide binden Calmodulin (jedoch auf unterschiedliche Weise), sind Substrat der Protein Kinase C und co-lokalisieren mit Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphat. (univie.ac.at)
They are known to bind Calmodulin (by very distinct modes), are substrates of Protein Kinase C and co- localize with phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. (univie.ac.at)

B-50/GAP-43 is a nervous tissue-specific protein, the expression of which is associated with axon growth and regeneration. (nin.nl)
Coimmunoprecipitation and Western blot analysis were used to detect protein expression and their interactions. (nih.gov)
In the spinal nerve ligation model, in which some functional regeneration and reinnervation of the ligated spinal nerve can be observed, microsympathectomy reduced functional and anatomical measures of regeneration as well as expression of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), a regeneration-related protein. (iasp-pain.org)
In the spared nerve injury model, in which functional reinnervation is not possible and the futile regeneration process results in formation of a neuroma, microsympathectomy reduced neuroma formation and GAP43 expression. (iasp-pain.org)
Altered expression of synaptic protein mRNAs in STOP (MAP6) mutant mice. (ox.ac.uk)
We found an increased expression of Nestin and GAP43 (growth associated protein 43) in treated cells. (cusabio.com)
Of note, we found surgery did not change GAP-43 expression in IENF, with no differences both in patients who were classified as regenerators and non-regenerators. (ox.ac.uk)
Palmitoylation, as a result, may be the change between axon maturation and development, than absolute protein expression rather. (epf2013.org)
Expression levels of cytoskeletal proteins indicate pathological aging of S100B transgenic mice: an immunohistochemical study of MAP-2, drebrin and GAP-43. (tamu.edu)
However, a recent paper [5] reported that DNA damage-induced p21 expression is mediated by acetylation of p53 carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) and its dissociation from SET protein (Figure 1A) is involved in tumor regression in mouse xenograft models. (oatext.com)
A) A model for DNA damage-induced p21 expression mediated by acetylation of p53 and its dissociation from SET protein in tumor regression in mouse xenograft models. (oatext.com)
The expression and purification of Zika virus NS1 protein (strain HPF2013) have been described ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)

Synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 216-226 of rat/mouse GAP-43, (C)-KEDPEADQEHA coupled to maleimide-activated KLH. (neuromics.com)
We examined the effect of this peptide upon chick dorsal root ganglion growth cone collapse and neurite retraction triggered by brain membranes or myelin, as well as by serotonin. (harvard.edu)
We find that application of the GAP-43 1-10 peptide amplifies the effects of all three ligands. (harvard.edu)
In particular, tyrosine or methionine substitutions cause the peptide to inhibit G(o) and to block induced growth cone collapse. (harvard.edu)
price of palmitoylation regarding reaction period, GAP-peptide focus, pH, and inhibitor focus were examined. (epf2013.org)
Proteins or peptide substrates are incubated with tritiated palmitoyl coenzyme A ([3H]palmitoyl-CoA) with or without enzymes. (epf2013.org)
Fuorescently-labeled peptides, as opposed to proteins, are easier to load into cells, can be designed to react with specific enzymes Palmitoylation Assay (Non-enzymatic Palmitoylation) Multiple electrophoretic buffers were tested for separation of GAP-peptide from palm-GAP-peptide. (epf2013.org)
All recognized mutations for AD are associated with increased deposition of amyloid-beta (Abeta), a peptide fragment comprising 39-43 amino acids that derive from the catabolism of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) molecule. (medscape.com)

Protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation of the Serine at 41 within this site inhibits this interaction. (neuromics.com)
Acts as a 'third messenger' substrate of protein kinase C-mediated molecular cascades during synaptic development and remodeling. (embl.de)

Thus, transgenic mice were produced in which B-50/GAP-43 overexpression was driven by the Purkinje cell-specific L7 promoter. (nin.nl)
Thus, B-50/GAP-43 overexpression substantially modifies Purkinje cell response to axotomy, by inducing growth processes and decreasing their resistance to injury. (nin.nl)
Overexpression of PKCgamma-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) increased the interaction of PKCgamma-EGFP with Cav-1 and Cx43 and decreased gap junction Cx43 plaques without exogenous growth factors. (nih.gov)
Overexpression of a loss-of-function PKCgamma mutant did not decrease gap junction Cx43 plaques or cause redistribution in lipid rafts, even though the PKCgamma mutant still interacted with Cav-1 and Cx43. (nih.gov)

Rat GAP-43 is a 226 amino acid (aa) protein that contains an N-terminal lipid binding motif, an 11 aa IQ domain (IQ:Ile-Gln-X-Ser-etc) (aa 38 - 48), and a C-terminus with four potential serine phosphorylation sites. (neuromics.com)
The interacting complex contains the RNA binding motif protein 15/15B (RBM15/15B), vir-like m6A methyltransferase associated (VIRMA), zinc finger CCCH-type containing 13 (ZC3H13), and HAKAI which support the functioning and positioning of a writer complex. (encyclopedia.pub)
Fluorescently-labeled tripeptide substrates representing the palmitoylation motif of ras proteins were used to characterize the activity of palmitoylation enzymes, known as acyltransferases, extracted from numerous cancer cell lines. (epf2013.org)

Its important role in memory and information storage is executed through its cell biological mechanisms of phosphorylation, palmitoylation, protein-protein interaction and structural remodeling via actin polymerization. (wikipedia.org)
PKC phosphorylation of these proteins also inhibits their binding to RNA in vitro. (embl.de)

MAP2) proteins, was quantified in female STOP null (n = 7), heterozygous (n = 5) and wild type (n = 6) mice. (ox.ac.uk)

Overall, the decellularization methodologies and tissue/cell-derived ECM as scaffolds or cellular-growth supplements used in cell propagation and differentiation for 3D tissue culture in vitro are discussed. (bvsalud.org)
The MBD5 protein also seems to play a role in the growth and division (proliferation) and maturation (differentiation) of various types of cells. (medlineplus.gov)

Golgi staining was used to investigate synaptic plasticity and synaptic-related proteins, such as Synapsin I(SYN1), growth associated protein 43(GAP-43), and postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD-95). (smarttots.org)

Ligand-induced growth cone collapse: amplification and blockade by variant GAP-43 peptides. (harvard.edu)
We wished to examine whether GAP-43 serves to amplify signals at the growth cone. (harvard.edu)
Peptides with amino acid substitutions for the two cysteine residues manifest parallel changes in growth cone collapse and G(o) stimulation. (harvard.edu)
Distance-43 is certainly palmitoylated during axonal development cone branching and expansion, but isn't palmitoylated during development cone maturation[24,25]. (epf2013.org)
Circadian and cAMP-dependent modulation of retinal cone cGMP-gated channels does not require protein synthesis or calcium influx through L-type channels. (tamu.edu)

Immunostaining for basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) markedly decreased in striatal astrocytes after both lesions, despite an increased staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). (jneurosci.org)

Immunofluorescence and F-actin/G-actin in vivo assays indicated that GAP43 knockdown triggered depolymerization of the F-actin cytoskeleton. (biomedcentral.com)
Our findings suggest that GAP43 is an independent predictor of NSCLC brain metastasis and that it may facilitate metastasis by regulating the Rac1/F-actin pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Further study of the mechanisms showed that GAP43 might promote cell migration by activating Rac1 and mediating F-actin cytoskeleton polymerization. (biomedcentral.com)

Activation of PKCgamma by TPA or IGF-1 stimulated the interaction of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43 in lipid rafts, causing Cx43, Cav-1, and PKCgamma to redistribute within the lipid rafts, and this resulted in a decrease in gap junction plaques. (nih.gov)
Many investigations have focused on defining the region of interaction between CaM and its cellular targets and the action of CaM on target protein function. (embl.de)
Three recognition motifs for CaM interaction are discussed in the context of experimental investigations of a variety of CaM target proteins. (embl.de)
Since the rather recent discovery of their crucial role in protein interaction networks intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are subject to intense investigations. (univie.ac.at)

Cell surface gap junction Cx43 plaques were detected by confocal microscopy. (nih.gov)

Palmitoylation of protein and peptides is monitored by isotope radiolabeling methods[27] commonly. (epf2013.org)
Recently, engineered peptides, selected for their structural similarity to native palmitoylated proteins, have been synthesized and used to study palmitoylation using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)[28C30]. (epf2013.org)

Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) was found to be related to brain metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Animal studies demonstrated that GAP43-silenced NSCLC cells were less likely to metastasize to the brain and bone than control cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Diese Arbeit fokussiert sich auf zwei neuronale humane Proteine, Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) und Brain Acid Soluble Protein 1 (BASP1), und deren Interaktion mit verschiedenen Molekülen sowie die daraus resultierenden strukturellen und funktionellen Auswirkungen. (univie.ac.at)
If this is the case, then ensuring the growth of beneficial bacteria at an early age will lead to optimal brain development and maturation. (ox.ac.uk)
Proteins that play a role in neurological functions are particularly affected, which helps explain why MAND impacts brain development and behavior. (medlineplus.gov)
There is a gap between the presence of abnormal brain pathology and the early signs of AD, suggesting that other factors (genetic or environmental) may play an important role in the development of AD. (medscape.com)

Immunohistochemical staining for growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) was performed to measure growing (sprouting) nerves. (elsevierpure.com)

It is a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate and is considered to play a key role in neurite formation, regeneration, and plasticity. (wikipedia.org)
GAP-43 is also a protein kinase C (PKC) substrate. (wikipedia.org)
From Neurotoxicology 1994;15(1):41-7) It is also a substrate of PROTEIN KINASE C. (bvsalud.org)

To demonstrate the interactions of PKCgamma with caveolin (Cav)-1 and connexin(Cx)43 in lipid rafts and its regulation of gap junctions. (nih.gov)

Both in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that GAP43 can facilitate tumor metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Here, using ex vivo and in vitro systems (including CD34+ cultures from patient bone marrow, and healthy cord/peripheral blood specimens), we extend our prior data from MPN patient platelet RNA sequencing, and discover select proteostasis-associated markers at RNA and/or protein levels in each of platelets, parent megakaryocytes, and whole blood specimens. (stanford.edu)

A recent study reported that a nonstructural protein 1 (NS1)-based blockade of binding ELISA can distinguish Zika virus and other flavivirus infections ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)

a thioester connection to a cysteine within a proteins. (epf2013.org)

Loss of proteostasis, in itself, is traced to dysregulated mechanisms in protein folding and intracellular calcium signaling at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). (stanford.edu)

Promotes the disassembly of phosphorylated vimentin intermediate filaments (IF) during mitosis and may play a role in the trafficking and distribution of IF proteins and other cellular factors to daughter cells during progenitor cell division. (cusabio.com)

In the case of GAP-43, it was designated as a growth-associated protein because its synthesis was upregulated during axonal regeneration. (wikipedia.org)

The mechanisms regulating follicle growth and development are under the control of changing concentrations of ligands ( i.e. hormones and growth factors). (glowm.com)
Detailed mechanisms of protein complex dissociation by acetylation may provide new ways to prevent or treat human diseases such as cancer, metabolic diseases and their complications. (oatext.com)

However, it remains elusive whether cutaneous GAP-43 is a valid marker for human nerve regeneration. (ox.ac.uk)
These findings suggest cutaneous GAP-43 may not be a compelling marker for nerve regeneration in humans. (ox.ac.uk)

Phorbol ester (TPA) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 recruited PKCgamma into Cav-1-containing lipid rafts and stimulated the interactions of PKCgamma with Cav-1 and Cx43. (nih.gov)

Review: Evaluation of pancreatic cancer stem cells-related markers CD133, CD44, Oct4, and Nestin proteins in PANC-1 and SW1990 cells by western blotting. (cusabio.com)

We demonstrate that patients with CTS have lower GAP-43 positive intra-epidermal nerve fibre density (IENFD) before surgery than healthy controls. (ox.ac.uk)

Invivo, CYT997 (20mg/kg, three times weekly by oral gavage) significantly inhibited PDX growth, while being non-toxic to mice. (stanford.edu)
Administration of BH4 to mice markedly reduces tumour growth and expands the population of intratumoral effector T cells. (metabiom.org)
#Bifidobacterium is associated with antitumor effects, and oral administration of #Bifidobacterium alone improved tumor control to the same degree as PD-L1 antibody therapy while combination treatment nearly abolished tumor growth in mice. (metabiom.org)

Because CaM can bind with high affinity to a relatively small alpha-helical region of many proteins, success in clearly defining the essential elements of CaM binding motifs seems feasible and should provide a means of identifying CaM binding proteins. (embl.de)

GAP43 is not only important for axon targeting during development but it has been shown to be important also for the maintenance of the structure and dynamics of axonal fibres and of their synaptic terminals in wild-type rodents both during normal conditions and during lesion-induced axonal sprouting. (wikipedia.org)

D) A simple and generalized model for active transcription mediated by lysine acetylation of histones and non-histone proteins through dissociation of protein complexes and conformation changes in nucleosomes or histones at the proximal promoter region. (oatext.com)

Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1. (embl.de)

Anatomy15

Organisms6

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs39

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes25

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science7

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Connexin-431

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MAP21

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Brain6

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IQGAP11