Growth glucose transporter type 5. Medical search. Frequent questions

Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Glucose removal is determined by cellular glucose uptake and metabolism ( fig. 1 ) [ 4 , 12 - 14 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Among the transporters identified, we characterized the cationic amino acid transporter SLC7A3 as a gene that, when up-regulated, overcame low availability of arginine and lysine by increasing their uptake, whereas SLC7A5 was able to sustain cellular fitness upon deprivation of several neutral amino acids. (life-science-alliance.org)
To identify and characterize potential GLUT2 and GLUT3 ligands, we developed a whole-cell system based on a yeast strain deficient in hexose uptake, whose growth defect on glucose can be rescued by the functional expression of human transporters. (uni-frankfurt.de)
This activation is necessary for both cell proliferation as well as glucose uptake and use. (hindawi.com)
This observation resulted in the development of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET) to detect glucose uptake and lactate production for tumor imaging. (hindawi.com)
Cellular growth and glucose uptake are regulated by multiple signals generated by the insulin receptor. (cnr.it)
We investigated the role of CaMKII in insulin signalling in a rat skeletal muscle cell line, demonstrating that CaMKII modulates the insulin action on DNA synthesis and the negative feedback that down regulates glucose uptake. (cnr.it)
Insulin stimulation generated partly independent signals leading to the rapid activation of Akt, Erk-1/2 and CaMKII Akt activation was followed by Glut-4 translocation to the plasma membrane and increase of glucose uptake. (cnr.it)
Then, IRS-1 was phosphorylated at S612, the IRS-1/p85PI3K complex was disrupted, Akt was no more phosphorylated and both Glut-4 translocation and glucose uptake were reduced. (cnr.it)
Inhibition of CaMKII also abrogated the down-regulation of insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation, Glut-4 membrane translocation and glucose uptake. (cnr.it)
2 - after the initial stimulation of the IRS-1/Akt pathway, CaMKII mediates the down-regulation of stimulated glucose uptake. (cnr.it)
The peptide hormone insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is critical for maintaining normal blood glucose levels and acts to regulate cellular metabolism and growth by facilitating glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. (diabetesjournals.org)
Cancer cells also enhance glucose-uptake to fuel these enhanced metabolic activities [ 2 ]. (degruyter.com)
This study aimed to determine whether I3C or DIM could increase glucose uptake via enhanced insulin sensitivity in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, as well as the mechanism involved. (researchgate.net)
DIM also enhanced glucose uptake by increasing expression of glucose transporter 4 in adipocytes. (researchgate.net)
Conclusions Our findings suggest that DIM may improve insulin sensitivity through the activation of the insulin signaling pathway, leading to enhanced glucose uptake. (researchgate.net)
Previous studies have found that DIM can improve type 2 diabetes by enhancing glucose uptake through the activation of insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 cells, and by lowering the plasma glucose levels in high-fat-diet-fed obese mice [13, 14]. (researchgate.net)
DIM, a major metabolite of indole-3-carbinol, which is naturally produced in broccoli and cabbage, enhances glucose uptake through the improvement of insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells [13] . (researchgate.net)
3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM)-a natural compound produced from indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables-enhances glucose uptake by increasing the activation of the insulin signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. (researchgate.net)

This research is designed to assess whether insulin resistance is associated with a stronger preference for sugar-sweetened, thus elevating blood glucose responses in obese people with varying degrees of insulin resistance. (bvsalud.org)
Results showed that Forxiga, when given as an oral treatment in addition to adjustable insulin in patients with inadequately-controlled T1D, demonstrated significant and clinically-meaningful reductions from baseline in average blood glucose levels HbA1c (primary endpoint), weight and total daily insulin dose (secondary endpoints) at 24 weeks(1,2,3), at both 5mg and 10mg doses. (worldpharmanews.com)
The usual homeostatic mechanism cannot halt the rapid drop in blood glucose levels that normally occurs during the first several hours after birth (reflecting consumption of maternal glucose), and the decrease continues. (medscape.com)
Failure to maintain an optimal circulating blood glucose concentration results in diabetes, a disease with varying etiologies. (diabetesjournals.org)
DIM decreased STZ-increased high blood glucose levels and food and water intake in diabetic mice. (researchgate.net)
Fenugreek seeds have been used as an oral insulin substitute, and seed extracts have been reported to lower blood glucose levels. (drugs.com)
This causes a continuing drop in blood glucose levels and explains the absence of ketone bodies. (medscape.com)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive metabolic disease characterized by pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and peripheral insulin resistance, leading to defects in glucose metabolism and chronic low-grade inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
Glucose is removed from ASL in proximal airways via facilitative glucose transporters, down a concentration gradient generated by intracellular glucose metabolism. (ersjournals.com)
Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. (wikipedia.org)
As a cytoplasmic isoform of hexokinase and a member of the sugar kinase family, HK3 catalyzes the rate-limiting and first obligatory step of glucose metabolism, which is the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of glucose to G6P. (wikipedia.org)
By phosphorylating glucose, HK3 effectively prevents glucose from leaving the cell and, thus, commits glucose to energy metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Elisabeth Björk, Senior Vice President, Head of late Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, said: "This approval of Forxiga in Japan means that people with type-1 diabetes whose glucose levels are not adequately controlled with insulin alone now have a new oral treatment option available to them. (worldpharmanews.com)
Cardiovascular, renal and metabolism together form one of AstraZeneca's main therapy areas and a key growth driver for the Company. (worldpharmanews.com)
Solute carrier (SLC) transporters control fluxes of nutrients and metabolites across membranes and thereby represent a critical interface between the microenvironment and cellular and subcellular metabolism. (life-science-alliance.org)
In addition to its role in glucose metabolism, this pathway also regulates the redirection of free amino acids to protein synthesis via the mTOR-signaling pathway. (hindawi.com)
Glucose-6-phosphate is an intermediate in glycogen synthesis and glucose metabolism. (medscape.com)
In this review, we summarize current knowledge about vitamin D metabolism in general, its role in diabetes mellitus (mainly type 2) and diabetic complications (mainly diabetic kidney disease), and potential therapeutic perspectives including vitamin D signalling as a druggable target. (karger.com)
With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)

Hexokinase 3 also known as HK3 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the HK3 gene on chromosome 5. (wikipedia.org)
Mutation of the SoLute Carrier 37a4 (slc37a4) or glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT) gene responsible for the distribution of G-6-P across this membrane leads to, hypoglycemia, hepatic glycogen accumulation, hyperlipidemia, resulting in life-limiting outcomes including growth retardation and neutropeni. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Of interest, we have observed in a rodent transgenerational model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) that a diet supplemented with essential nutrients, yet unaltered in its caloric content, prevents adult metabolic disease and is associated with abrogation of reprogrammed gene expression. (nih.gov)
The article "Differential expression of the glucose transporter gene glcH in response to glucose and light in marine picocyanobacterial" by Moreno-Cabezuelo et al. (peerj.com)
3. Kitamura R, Ishii K, Maeda I, Kozaki T, Iwabuchi K, Saito T, Evaluation of bacterial communities by bacteriome analysis targeting 16S rRNA genes and quantitative analysis of ammonia monooxygenase gene in different types of compost. (webmedcentral.com)
A significant difference among treatments in the expression of the sodium-dependent glucose transporter gene (SGLT1) was noted, with greater expression in birds that received NC. (embrapa.br)
There was higher expression of the neutral and cationic amino acid transporter gene (y + LAT-2) with the prebio and blend, either alone or in combination. (embrapa.br)
Human GLUT2 and GLUT3, members of the GLUT / SLC2 gene family, facilitate glucose transport in specific tissues. (uni-frankfurt.de)
2016). Characterizing and evaluating the expression of the type IIb sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter (slc34a2) gene and its potential influence on phosphorus utilization efficiency in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). (tcdb.org)
By combining gene expression data obtained from these two very distinct experimental setups with hidden Markov models and transporter homology approaches, we were able to compile a shortlist of the most likely citrate transporter candidates. (rhea-db.org)
Differential gene expression analysis of two strains with a distinct citrate productivity revealed another three putative transporters, one of which is YALI0D20196p. (rhea-db.org)
GSD type Ib differs from GSD type Ia in that it is not explained by mutations of the phosphohydrolase gene. (medscape.com)
Veiga-da-Cuhna and colleagues provide evidence that all non-1a cases can be explained by mutations of the glucose-6-phosphate translocase gene. (medscape.com)
A number of studies have explored how regulation of generally, and at least to a first approximation, it is obvious that metabolic pathways affects the growth rate of microorganisms, gene regulation only is useful if the environmental conditions vary both in the steady state and in response to changes in the local with time. (lu.se)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the common metabolic diseases in the world. (frontiersin.org)
Glycogen storage disease type 1b is a metabolic disorder resulting in an inability to shuttle glucose-6-phosphate across the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR/ER) lumen. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
One-by-one depletion of 13 amino acids required for cell proliferation enabled gain-of-function genetic screens using a SLC-focused CRISPR/Cas9-based transcriptional activation approach to uncover transporters relieving cells from growth-limiting metabolic bottlenecks. (life-science-alliance.org)
Moreover, we identified metabolic compensation mediated by the glutamate/aspartate transporters SLC1A2 and SLC1A3 under glutamine-limiting conditions. (life-science-alliance.org)
Overall, this gain-of-function approach using human cells uncovered functional transporter-nutrient relationships and revealed that transport activity up-regulation may be sufficient to overcome environmental metabolic restrictions. (life-science-alliance.org)
A major cellular metabolic requirement is the ability to respond and adapt to the external environment to obtain sufficient amounts of the building blocks and sources of energy required for growth and proliferation. (life-science-alliance.org)
Imprinted genes, a class of functionally mono-allelic genes critical for early growth and metabolic axis development, have been proposed to be uniquely susceptible to environmental change. (prolekarniky.cz)
Metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and obesity, represent major health risks in industrialized countries. (aspetjournals.org)
Our findings suggest that the activation of the AMPK pathway might contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. (aspetjournals.org)
We propose a temporal-specific mechanism by which maternal BS influences fetal growth and lipid metabolic outcomes of HF mice during prenatal development. (cuny.edu)
High abundance of glucose in the cytoplasm of a cancer cell also increases flux into other metabolic pathways such as hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) [ 7 ]. (degruyter.com)
We focus primarily on the role of both types of granulosa cells: mural granulosa cells, which perform endocrine functions, including hormone production and cumulus cells, which provide metabolic support and establish bi-directional communication with the oocyte through various pathways, including direct contact. (juniperpublishers.com)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulting from the destruction of insulinproducing β cells in the pancreas, that leads to hyperglycemia [1,2,20]. (researchgate.net)

Fructose is an intermediate product in the synthesis of glucosamine from glucose, and glucosamine is linked to regulation of trophoblast cell proliferation through regulation of mTOR. (biomedcentral.com)

By stimulating the expression of glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes, HIF-1 promotes glycolysis to generate more pyruvate [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

Here, we consider a newly identified role for pulmonary glucose transport in maintaining low airway surface liquid (ASL) glucose concentrations and propose that this contributes to lung defence against infection. (ersjournals.com)
These processes vary between species but universally maintain ASL glucose at 3-20-fold lower concentrations than plasma. (ersjournals.com)
ASL glucose concentrations are increased in respiratory disease and by hyperglycaemia. (ersjournals.com)
This is in contrast to conditions in the gut and kidney, where luminal glucose concentrations regularly exceed plasma glucose concentrations [ 6 , 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
1 mM in nasal ASL [ 8 ] and mean± sd 0.4±0.2 mM in the lower respiratory tract, 12.5 times lower than plasma concentrations, which are normally maintained at ∼5 mM [ 9 ]. (ersjournals.com)
ASL glucose concentrations are the net result of diffusion of glucose from blood and interstitial fluid across the respiratory epithelium into the ASL, and removal of glucose from ASL by epithelial glucose transport processes. (ersjournals.com)
Current model of the mechanisms controlling glucose concentrations in the surface liquid lining the airway and distal lung epithelium. (ersjournals.com)
Uniquely, HK3 can be inhibited by glucose at high concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
To infer functional relationships between SLCs and metabolites, we developed a strategy to identify SLCs able to sustain cell viability and proliferation under growth-limiting concentrations of essential nutrients. (life-science-alliance.org)
However, glucose transporter expression in the endometrium, and also glucose and protein concentration in ULF was influenced by preovulatory estradiol concentrations and conceptus presence. (usda.gov)
SGLT2i may alter renal tubular phosphate reabsorption and are associated with increased serum concentrations of phosphate, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), parathyroid hormone (PTH), decreased 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, as well as increased bone turnover. (lww.com)
Physicians now recognize that zinc supplementation can reduce the incidence and severity of diarrheal disease, and an ORS of reduced osmolarity (i.e., proportionally reduced concentrations of sodium and glucose) has been developed for global use. (cdc.gov)

Glucose diffuses into ASL via paracellular pathways at a rate determined by paracellular permeability and the transepithelial glucose gradient. (ersjournals.com)
ERS pathways are triggered by the unbalance of ER environment, including hypoxia, disturbance of Ca 2+ homeostasis and glucose starvation. (springer.com)

Furthermore, single amino acid substitutions at specific positions of the transporter sequence appear to positively affect the functionality of both GLUT2 and GLUT3 in yeast. (uni-frankfurt.de)
In addition, recent placental epithelial transcriptome analysis identified several glucose, amino acid, lipid, vitamin, mineral and hormone transporter mechanisms within the placenta. (biomedcentral.com)

Fig. 5: RhoA induces glucose transporter SLC2A3 translocation which drives subcellular glycolysis in thrombin-stimulated contractile endothelial cells. (nature.com)
The molecular mechanisms leading to the upregulation of glycolysis in tumors are still not well understood [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to elevated glycolysis, tumors often show an increased expression of glucose transporters and/or hexokinase activity in comparison to normal tissues. (biomedcentral.com)
In normal cells, glucose participates in cellular energy production through glycolysis as well as through its complete catabolism via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). (hindawi.com)
However, glucose-6-phosphate is also the substrate for glycolysis and produces lactate. (medscape.com)
Glycolysis is an anaerobic, sequential, enzymatic and catabolic multi-step process that converts a single glucose molecule into two pyruvates in the cytoplasm coupled with the production of two NADH molecules and a net yield of two molecules of ATP. (kdwis.com)

However, much subsequent research in this area was focused on the role of pulmonary SGLT transport as a modifier of lung liquid volume [ 3 , 4 ], and the effects of starvation and diabetes on glucose transport [ 1 , 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
In recent randomized controlled clinical trials, medications within the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) class have shown improvements in adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes among individuals with CKD [7▪▪,8,9▪▪,10▪] . (lww.com)

Genetic ablation of ketohexokinase or stimulation of pyruvate kinase prevents villus elongation and abolishes the nutrient absorption and tumour growth that are induced by feeding mice with high-fructose corn syrup. (nature.com)

In the present study, we test the hypothesis that reactivation of glucocorticoids, in peripheral tissues by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), is a major determinant of exogenous Cushing s syndrome.WT, global 11β-HSD1 knockout (GKO), liver-specific 11β-HSD. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

About 18% of all C. difficile genes are regulated by glucose, for which 50% depend on CcpA for regulation. (studyres.com)
Of the 31 genes, the 21 upregulated genes were primarily associated with cell paracrine and intracellular signaling, transcription regulation and cell adhesion and migration, and their transcriptional products included transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 and transcriptional factor AP-2α/γ ( 11 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Genes mainly involved in coding adhesion molecules and growth factors have also been found to be upregulated in other types of CAFs, including colon ( 12 ) and pancreatic ( 13 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

In response to parathyroid hormone and dietary inorganic phosphate, the renal cotransporter is rapidly inserted into and retrieved from the renal brush border membrane in a fashion similar to that by which the glucose transporter (Glut4) (TC# 2.A.1.1) is regulated by insulin, and aquaporins 1 and 2 (TC# 1.A.8.1) are regulated by vasopressin (Levi et al. (tcdb.org)

We show that varying the amount and type of supplement of an arginine auxotrophic A. niger strain results in transcriptional down-regulation of citrate metabolising enzymes in the condition in which more citrate is accumulated extracellularly. (rhea-db.org)
These enzymes normally catalyze reactions that ultimately convert glycogen compounds to glucose. (medscape.com)

Accepted August 23, 2012 ABSTRACT The catabolite control protein CcpA is a pleiotropic regulator that mediates the global transcriptional response to rapidly catabolizable carbohydrates, like glucose in Gram-positive bacteria. (studyres.com)

Like with HK1, only the C-terminal domain possesses catalytic ability, whereas the N-terminal domain is predicted to contain glucose and G6P binding sites, as well as a 32-residue region essential for proper protein folding. (wikipedia.org)
GSD type 1b is a similar condition with a defective G-6-P transporter protein. (medscape.com)
The G-6-P transporter protein is found in the liver and kidney. (medscape.com)
5% false discovery rate) between risk of MACE and eight proteins: matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12, IL-27 subunit α (IL-27a), kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23, protein S100-A12, TNF receptor (TNFR)-1, TNFR-2 and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor (TRAIL-R)2. (springer.com)
We identified eight protein biomarkers, four of which are novel, for risk of MACE in community residents with type 2 diabetes, and found improved risk prediction by combining multiplex proteomics with an established risk model. (springer.com)

The risk of cancers appears to be increased in both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
It is divided into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which account for 5-10% and 90-95% of DM cases resepectively. (xiahepublishing.com)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent diabetes) is characterized by hyperglycemia caused by an insulin deficiency. (researchgate.net)
Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are also more common across type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. (karger.com)
Vitamin D deficiency also contributes to many extraskeletal outcomes, including higher risk of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus, allergy, autoimmunity, pregnancy complications, and many other pathologies. (karger.com)
Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are treated with insulin and also benefit from diet and exercise. (msdmanuals.com)
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are often initially treated with only diet and exercise. (msdmanuals.com)

Transgenic mice in which Hnf6 expression is maintained in postnatal islets ( pdx1 PB Hnf6 ) show overt diabetes and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) at weaning. (diabetesjournals.org)

At E12.5, BS prevented fetal and placental overgrowth and downregulated glucose and fatty acid transporters (Glut1 and Fatp1) and the growth-promoting insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) and its receptor Igf1r in the placenta of HF, glucose-intolerant dams (P (cuny.edu)

RhoA activation triggers a glycolytic burst through the translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A3/GLUT3 to fuel the cellular contractile machinery, as demonstrated across multiple endothelial cell types. (nature.com)

Recent evidence suggests that sera from patients with glycogen-storage disease Ia are able to more efficiently promote scavenger receptor class B type I-mediated cellular cholesterol efflux and that an increased antioxidant effect of these sera is directly related to the increased urate concentration. (medscape.com)
We show that maximal growth is achieved when pathway activation is a more or less steeply graded function of the nutrient concentration. (lu.se)

It is only recently that we and others have begun to investigate glucose transport as an important mechanism for maintaining a nutrient-depleted environment in the lung lumen to limit the growth of pathogenic organisms. (ersjournals.com)

In unicellular organisms like E. coli and yeast, the benefits of between potential cost and benefit, regulation can make the most a well-adapted regulatory system are readily quantified, as the difference to the long-term growth rate if the resource in question fitness of an individual can be estimated by its growth rate in is only available a similarly small fraction of the time. (lu.se)

5 The inflammatory state in the development of DM and CKD may be closely related to intestinal mucosal barrier. (xiahepublishing.com)

Compared to HK1 and HK2, HK3 possesses a higher affinity for glucose and will bind the substrate even at physiological levels, though this binding may be attenuated by intracellular ATP. (wikipedia.org)
glycogen-storage disease type Ia (GSD Ia) designates the true enzyme defect, and glycogen-storage disease type Ib (GSD Ib) designates the intracellular transport defect. (medscape.com)

Some of the impairments in glycolytic pathway, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation that contribute to cancer cell growth, development, progression, survival and malignancy would be critically discussed. (kdwis.com)

Further, previous studies have suggested that diabetes is associated with increased risk of cancer mortality ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Up to 40% of the US population will develop type 2 diabetes during their lifetime, and type 2 diabetes is an important contributor to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) such as myocardial infarction and stroke-the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Western countries [ 2 ]. (springer.com)

The simplicity of handling yeast cells makes this platform convenient for screening potential GLUT2 and GLUT3 inhibitors in a growth-based manner, amenable to high-throughput approaches. (uni-frankfurt.de)

HighE2 animals had faster follicular growth rates and upregulation of the entire steroidogenic pathway compared to LowE2 animals. (usda.gov)
Curcumin attenuates insulin resistance and hepatic lipid accumulation in a rat model of intrauterine growth restriction through insulin signaling pathway and SREBPs. (academic-accelerator.com)

IGF-IRβ, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor β. (aspetjournals.org)
Hence, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is highly expressed in kidney tissue [ 3-5 ]. (karger.com)

the expansion of somatic cells surrounding the oocyte and the maturation of the cytoplasm to support fertilization and early embryonic development [ 5 ]. (juniperpublishers.com)

0.01 mM and plasma glucose 0.19 mM [ 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)

The PNaS family includes several functionally characterized, sodium-dependent, inorganic phosphate (P i ) transporter (NPT2 or NptA) proteins from mammals. (tcdb.org)
2017). Characterization of the isoforms of type IIb sodium-dependent phosphate cotransporter (Slc34a2) in yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and their vitamin D3-regulated expression under low-phosphate conditions. (tcdb.org)

This study assessed 80 cardiovascular and inflammatory proteins for biomarker discovery and prediction of MACE in type 2 diabetes. (springer.com)
We combined data from six prospective epidemiological studies of 30-77-year-old individuals with type 2 diabetes in whom 80 circulating proteins were measured by proximity extension assay. (springer.com)

The ability of fructose to promote cell survival through an allosteric metabolite thus provides additional insights into the excess adiposity generated by a Western diet, and a compelling explanation for the promotion of tumour growth by high-fructose corn syrup. (nature.com)
The small intestine converts dietary fructose into glucose and organic acids. (nature.com)
Pig conceptuses are fructogenic, such that a substantial portion of glucose transferred from mother to fetus is converted to fructose. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings suggest a link between glucose, fructose, glucosamine synthesis, GAG production, and placental morphogenesis, but the details of these interactions remain unclear. (biomedcentral.com)

2012). Functional Interaction between CFTR and the Sodium-Phosphate Co-Transport Type 2a in Xenopus laevis Oocytes. (tcdb.org)

Preovulatory estradiol has been reported to play a critical role in follicular cell growth, initiation of estrus, oocyte maturation, sperm transport, uterine environment, and embryo survival. (usda.gov)
and they ultimately contribute to the growth, survival and malignancy of tumours. (kdwis.com)
This is ``survival of the flattest'' [5] at work. (lu.se)

Similar to hexokinases 1 and 2, this allosteric enzyme is inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
In the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR), hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH) generates an NADPH/ NADP ratio sufficient to drive 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1)-mediated glucocorticoid (GC) activation (11-DHC to corticosterone). (endocrine-abstracts.org)
In the hepatocyte, the glycogen catabolic machinery normally responds to stimuli caused by hypoglycemia (eg, neural, hormonal), ending in a flood of glucose-6-phosphate that cannot be released from the cell. (medscape.com)

Previous studies show that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth and adiposity of progeny from obese mice. (cuny.edu)
Objective Indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and its metabolite 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM) reduce body mass and serum glucose levels in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice. (researchgate.net)

Maternal betaine supplementation affects fetal growth and lipid metabo" by Yaelle Joselit, Khatia Nanobashvili et al. (cuny.edu)

Interactions between the Gilbert genotype and hemolytic anemias such as glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, hereditary spherocytosis, or ABO hemolytic disease also appear to increase the risk of severe neonatal jaundice. (medscape.com)

[ 1 ] Two of the patients had almost total deficiency of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase, whereas the remaining 4 had normal enzyme activity. (medscape.com)
Although at least 14 unique GSDs are discussed in the literature, the 4 that cause clinically significant muscle weakness are Pompe disease ( GSD type II , acid maltase deficiency), Cori disease ( GSD type III , debranching enzyme deficiency), McArdle disease ( GSD type V , myophosphorylase deficiency), and Tarui disease ( GSD type VII , phosphofructokinase deficiency). (medscape.com)
One form, Von Gierke disease ( GSD type Ia , glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency ), causes clinically significant end-organ disease with significant morbidity. (medscape.com)
Glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P) is the specific enzyme deficiency in Von Gierke disease. (medscape.com)

Glycosaminoglycans are polymers of forms of glucose (glucosamine, glucuronic acid, iduronic acid) suggesting that glycosaminoglycan synthesis may compete with the glucose needs of the developing fetus. (biomedcentral.com)

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) represent a relatively new class of oral glucose-lowering agents that reduce adverse cardiovascular and kidney outcomes among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). (lww.com)
Individuals with CKD have disproportionately high rates of cardiovascular disease, progression to end-stage kidney disease requiring renal replacement therapy, and death [2-5] . (lww.com)
For instance, in the CREDENCE (Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation) trial, canagliflozin was associated with a reduction in the risks of kidney failure and cardiovascular events among participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD [8] . (lww.com)
Multiplex proteomics could improve understanding and risk prediction of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in type 2 diabetes. (springer.com)
Multiprotein arrays could be useful in identifying individuals with type 2 diabetes who are at highest risk of a cardiovascular event. (springer.com)
Newer glucose-lowering drugs such as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, and cholesterol-modifying agents such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, in addition to standard treatment reduce cardiovascular risk in high-risk individuals [ 8 , 9 ]. (springer.com)

Understanding of mechanisms underlying lung glucose homeostasis could identify new therapeutic targets for control of ASL glucose and prevention and treatment of lung infection. (ersjournals.com)

Our understanding of the role of glucose transport in the lung and the mechanisms that regulate glucose movement across the human lung epithelium lags far behind that of the gut and kidney. (ersjournals.com)

In 1929, von Gierke provided the initial description of glycogen-storage disease type I (GSD I) from autopsy reports of 2 children whose large livers contained excessive glycogen. (medscape.com)
Because free glucose is the product of the hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase reaction, either type leads to accumulation of liver glycogen, accompanied by fasting hypoglycemia . (medscape.com)
Glycogen-storage disease type I (subtypes Ia and Ib) is one of the few genetic-biochemical causes of hypoglycemia in newborns. (medscape.com)
The accumulation of lactic acid in blood can cause true acidosis with a large anion gap, a characteristic of glycogen-storage disease type I. (medscape.com)
Interestingly, there also is a GSD type 0, which is due to defective glycogen synthase. (medscape.com)

TMS IV of the high-affinity sodium-glucose cotransporter participates in sugar binding ( Liu et al . (tcdb.org)

However, even in late gestation, mechanisms still exist that maintain fetal growth when the size of the placenta is reduced. (biomedcentral.com)

For over 50 years, glucose has been recognised to cross the lung epithelial barrier and be transported by lung epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)
In primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) with 16.6±0.4 mM glucose in the basolateral medium, ASL glucose was 2.2±0.5 mM [ 11 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Glucose diffusion is determined by epithelial permeability to glucose, the transepithelial glucose gradient and surface area. (ersjournals.com)

Compared to NFs, CAFs possess numerous types of potential genetic alterations and epigenetic changes. (spandidos-publications.com)

Forxiga (dapagliflozin) is a first-in-class, oral once-daily selective inhibitor of human sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) indicated as both monotherapy and as part of combination therapy to improve glycaemic control, with the additional benefits of weight loss and blood pressure reduction, as an adjunct to diet and exercise in adults with T2D. (worldpharmanews.com)

We show that functional expression of GLUT2 in yeast requires the deletion of the extended extracellular loop connecting transmembrane domains TM1 and TM2, which appears to negatively affect the trafficking of the transporter in the heterologous expression system. (uni-frankfurt.de)
These results suggest that downregulation of Hnf6 expression in β-cells during development is essential to achieve a mature, glucose-responsive β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)

Anatomy14

Organisms5

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs73

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment7

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes13

Information Science3

Uptake20

Blood glucose7

Metabolism14

Gene14

Metabolic13

Cell proliferation1

Glycolytic enzymes1

Concentrations12

Pathways2

Amino2

Glycolysis6

SGLT2

Pyruvate1

Tissues1

Genes3

Glut41

Enzymes2

Abstract1

Protein5

Diabetes mellitus7

Insulin secretion1

Fatty acid1

Translocation1

Concentration2

Pathogenic1

Regulation1

Intestinal1

Intracellular2

Cycle and oxidative phosphorylation1

Mortality2

GLUT31

Pathway2

Receptor2

Cytoplasm1

Plasma glucose1

Sodium-dependent2

Proteins2

Fructose4

Oocytes1

Survival3

Phosphate3

Obese2

Lipid1

Dehydrogenase1

Deficiency4

Synthesis1

Cardiovascular6

Homeostasis1

Kidney1

Glycogen5

Participates1

Placenta1

Epithelial3

Genetic1

Inhibitor1

Expression2