Group amino acid transport systems basic. Medical search. Frequent questions

or anabolic - the building up (synthesis) of compounds (such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids). (wikipedia.org)
Proteins are made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain joined by peptide bonds. (wikipedia.org)
Other proteins have structural or mechanical functions, such as those that form the cytoskeleton, a system of scaffolding that maintains the cell shape. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins are also important in cell signaling, immune responses, cell adhesion, active transport across membranes, and the cell cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Phenylalanine is an α- amino acid that is found in many proteins (such as hemoglobin ), is essential in the human diet, and normally is readily converted to the amino acid tyrosine in the human body . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In humans, the L-isomer of phenylalanine, which is the only form that is involved in protein synthesis, is one of the 20 standard amino acids common in animal proteins and required for normal functioning in humans. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Proposed functions of PMRS include maintenance of redox state in proteins, stimulation of cell growth, reduction of lipid hydroperoxides, recycling of α -tocopherol, reduction of ferric ion prior to iron uptake by a transferring-independent pathway, and the maintenance of the extracellular concentration of ascorbic acid [ 2 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cationic amino acid transporters are 14 TM proteins, which mediate pH- and sodium-independent transport of cationic amino acids (system y + ), apparently as an exchange mechanism. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are the only nutrients that provide energy By this, we mean that our body breaks down these nutrients and reassemble their components into a fuel that supports physical activity and basic functioning. (slideshare.net)
 Large molecules  Made up of chains of amino acids  Are found in every cell in the body  Are involved in most of the body's functions and life processes Daily requirements of proteins: It is 1gm/kg of body weight per day for adults. (slideshare.net)
Complete proteins  Contain all essential amino acids. (slideshare.net)
Proteins, in the form of antibodies, protect animals from disease and, in the form of interferon, mount an intracellular attack against viruses that have eluded destruction by the antibodies and other immune system defenses. (yclas.com)
By the end of the 19th century, scientists appreciated that, although there exist many different kinds of proteins in nature, all proteins upon their hydrolysis yield a class of simpler compounds, the building blocks of proteins, called amino acids. (yclas.com)
In the mid-1950s scientists involved in elucidating the relationship between proteins and genes agreed that 20 amino acids (called standard or common amino acids) were to be considered the essential building blocks of all proteins. (yclas.com)
One enantiomer is designated D and the other L. It is important to note that the amino acids found in proteins almost always possess only the L-configuration. (yclas.com)
That is, all amino acids and all proteins, when subjected to changes in pH, pass through a state at which there is an equal number of positive and negative charges on the molecule. (yclas.com)
When dissolved in water, all amino acids and all proteins are present predominantly in their isoelectric form. (yclas.com)
Amino acids (the building blocks of proteins) are high quality mineral chelators that are recognized by the gastrointestinal mucosa and/or cell membrane as a desirable molecule, and thus, are readily absorbed along with their mineral payloads. (naturalhealthscience.com)
The transport system presented in the journal Nature Chemical Biology exemplifies the promising potential of a de novo design of peptides and proteins. (eurekalert.org)
Once proteins, larger molecular complexes, or organelles have been labelled with the partner peptide, they can be targeted by the basic peptide that has entered the cell. (eurekalert.org)
Experiments with E. coli bacteria and eukaryotic cells revealed that the new peptide system is even suitable for transporting other peptides and proteins. (eurekalert.org)
Our investigations exemplify how the computational design of peptides and proteins, their subsequent synthesis and characterisation in the laboratory, as well as testing in living cells can intertwine when innovative solutions for biochemical or biomedical questions are being sought,' says Prof. Dr. Birte Höcker, head of the Protein Design Group at the University of Bayreuth and corresponding author of the new study. (eurekalert.org)
Phylogenetic analysis showed similar numbers of AQPs clustered in five distinct subfamilies including the plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), the tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), the nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs), the small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs), and the uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). (biomedcentral.com)
Each cell in a living system may contain thousands of different proteins, each with a unique function. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
The functions of proteins are very diverse because there are 20 different chemically distinct amino acids that form long chains, and the amino acids can be in any order. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
Hormones are chemical signaling molecules, usually proteins or steroids, secreted by an endocrine gland or group of endocrine cells that act to control or regulate specific physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
All proteins are made up of different arrangements of the same 20 kinds of amino acids. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
Amino acids are the monomers that make up proteins. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
Then, we selected 48 genes that may encode uncharacterised effectors (e. g. no detectable amino acid identity to other proteins or with a particular putative biochemical activity) from the genome of C. trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu. (europa.eu)
To study the function of known effectors, we focused on the C. trachomatis Inc proteins, an important group of potential chlamydial virulence factors. (europa.eu)
Proteins are made up of long chains of molecules known as amino acids. (nih.gov)
Upon correct folding, proteins are transported to specific locations within cells where they can perform their various functions. (nih.gov)
This course will cover the structure and function of different biological molecules, including proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids. (uaeu.ac.ae)

2] "Transport of cationic amino acids by the mouse ecotropic retrovirus receptor. (tcdb.org)
This mixed disulfide rapidly exits the lysosome via the transport system for cationic amino acids, which is normal in cystinosis. (medscape.com)

Terpenes are made of water-insoluble lipids, and synthesized from acetyl-CoA or basic intermediates of glycolysis They often end in -ol (menthol) and comprise the majority of plant essential oils. (wikipedia.org)
Most of the structures that make up animals, plants and microbes are made from four basic classes of molecules: amino acids, carbohydrates, nucleic acid and lipids (often called fats). (wikipedia.org)
Lipids are the most diverse group of biochemicals. (wikipedia.org)
Lipids are the polymers of fatty acids[citation needed] that contain a long, non-polar hydrocarbon chain with a small polar region containing oxygen. (wikipedia.org)
Unlike these smaller molecules, large lipids must first be broken down for transport. (picmonic.com)
Larger lipids cannot diffuse through the membrane into the intestinal cells, so they are broken down into triglycerides and form chylomicrons for transport. (picmonic.com)
Special focus is put on regulation of enzymatic activity and on absorption and metabolism of nutrients such as carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids. (lu.se)

Carbohydrates and amino acids undergo active transport through the membrane into the epithelial cells because of size and charge. (picmonic.com)
Carbohydrates must undergo active transport to be absorbed into the epithelial cells of the small intestine, because they cannot passively pass through the membrane. (picmonic.com)

Amino acid (Lysine/arginine/ornithine/histidine/octopine) ABC transporter membrane protein, component of Amino acid transporter, PA5152-PA5155. (lbl.gov)
Probably transports numerous amino acids including lysine, arginine, histidine, D-alanine and D-valine (Johnson et al. (lbl.gov)
Histidine transport system permease protein HisM, component of Histidine/Arginine/Lysine (basic amino acid) uptake porter, HisJ/ArgT/HisP/HisM/HisQ [R, R, C, M, M, respectively] (Gilson et al. (lbl.gov)
Histidine transport system permease protein HisM aka STM2352, component of Histidine/arginine/lysine/ornithine porter (Heuveling et al. (lbl.gov)
Plasma concentrations of glutamine and alanine, the major nitrogen-carrying amino acids, usually are high and that of arginine is low. (nih.gov)
It is a basic peptide with a high content of arginine amino acids, and it has two components essential for its functionality. (eurekalert.org)
The dominating essential and non-essential amino acids were lysine and leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and arginine, respectively. (scirp.org)

L-lysine is an essential amino acid that is involved with calcium absorption, collagen formation, and the production of bone tissue. (myvillagegreen.com)
The central carbon's fourth bond varies among the different amino acids, as seen in these examples of alanine, valine, lysine, and aspartic acid. (opentextbooks.org.hk)

PMRS donates electrons to extracellular ascorbate free radical (AFR) derived from intracellular redox molecules like glutathione (GSH), L-ascorbic acid, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and other reduced equivalents [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Innate and adaptive immune system: Cells and molecules involved in innate and adaptive immunity, antigens, antigenicity and immunogenicity. (pathfinderacademy.in)
All the amino acids but glycine are chiral molecules. (yclas.com)
From the epithelial cells, these molecules travel to the intestinal capillaries and travel to the hepatic portal system, and to the liver for processing. (picmonic.com)
A novel peptide developed at the Universities of Bayreuth and Bristol is eminently suited for the targeted transport of molecules, for example of active substances and dyes, into the cells of mammals. (eurekalert.org)
The partner peptide has to be previously placed inside the cell exactly where the transported molecules are to take effect. (eurekalert.org)
This is because there are only a few areas in the diverse structures of the cell interior where they can dock and deliver the molecules they transport. (eurekalert.org)
The new peptide system makes it clear that de novo design is a promising research approach in the search for methods that enable drug or dye molecules to be introduced into mammalian cells in a targeted and gentle manner,' adds Dr Guto Rhys, postdoc at the Protein Design research group and one of the three first authors. (eurekalert.org)
P r oteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
Categorize Biological Membranes And Various Mechanisms Of Transport Of Molecules Through Membranes. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Hemoglobin molecules are found exclusively in erythrocytes, where their main function is to transport oxygen to tissues. (medscape.com)
Знайомство з порушеннями ниркового транспорту Many substances are secreted or reabsorbed in the renal tubule system, including electrolytes, protons, bicarbonate molecules, glucose, uric acid, amino acids, and free water. (msdmanuals.com)

Stability of protein and nucleic acid structures. (pathfinderacademy.in)

high confidence medium confidence low confidence transporter - transporters and PTS systems are shaded because predicting their specificity is particularly challenging. (lbl.gov)
The latter is an organic acid found in many fruits, which effectively bonds to many minerals and trace nutrients and serves as a very effective transporter across the gastrointestinal mucosa (the lining which covers the inside of the stomach and intestines). (naturalhealthscience.com)

They are medically important by interfering with components of the nervous system affecting membrane transport, protein synthesis, and enzyme activities. (wikipedia.org)
GSH is a hydrophilic antioxidant with nucleophilic thiol group and has been reported to participate in regulation of gene expression, protein synthesis, cell proliferation, signal transduction, cytokine production, apoptosis, immune response, and protein glutathionylation [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Membrane structure and function: Structure of model membrane, lipid bilayer and membrane protein diffusion, osmosis, ion channels, active transport, ion pumps, mechanism of sorting and regulation of intracellular transport, electrical properties of membranes. (pathfinderacademy.in)
Cell signaling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signaling through G-protein coupled receptors, signal transduction pathways, second messengers, regulation of signaling pathways, bacterial and plant two-component signaling systems, bacterial chemotaxis and quorum sensing. (pathfinderacademy.in)
It was one of the first amino acids to be identified, having been isolated from the protein gelatin in 1820. (yclas.com)
Any free amino acid and likewise any protein will, at some specific pH, exist in the form of a zwitterion. (yclas.com)
The chemical nature of the R group determines the chemical nature of the amino acid within its protein (that is, whether it is acidic, basic, polar, or nonpolar). (opentextbooks.org.hk)
While the terms polypeptide and protein are sometimes used interchangeably, a polypeptide is technically a polymer of amino acids, whereas the term protein is used for a polypeptide or polypeptides that have combined together, have a distinct shape, and have a unique function. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
For this, we constructed translational fusions comprising the first 20 amino acids of the IncA or IncC effectors and a reporter protein (the mature form of TEM-1 beta-lactamase), expressed under the control of the Y. enterocolitica yopE effector gene promoter (PyopE). (europa.eu)
As negative control, we used a fusion between the first 20 amino acids of a C. trachomatis ribosomal protein and TEM-1 (RplJ20-TEM-1). (europa.eu)
The aim of this course is to introduce basic biochemical laboratory techniques, with emphasis on protein biochemistry. (uaeu.ac.ae)
It is now apparent that both increased insulin and increased availability of amino acids are important for maximizing muscle protein anabolism. (bmj.com)
2 On the other hand, if amino acid concentrations are maintained at normal or higher concentrations, net protein deposition in muscle will occur because of stimulation of synthesis and possibly because of a simultaneous decrease in breakdown. (bmj.com)
The importance of amino acid availability for the stimulatory effects of insulin to be evident was highlighted by Bennet et al , 3 who reported that insulin, given with sufficient amino acids, can stimulate leg and whole body protein balance by mechanisms including stimulation of protein synthesis and inhibition of protein breakdown. (bmj.com)
In sharp contrast, amino acid ingestion alone significantly increases muscle protein anabolism after resistance exercise. (bmj.com)
5 However, consumption of both amino acids and CHO results in much greater effects on muscle protein anabolism, 6 suggesting an interactive effect between insulin, amino acid availability, and resistance exercise. (bmj.com)
Also, it is well established that the stimulatory effect of amino acids on muscle protein synthesis is greater after exercise than at rest. (bmj.com)

If hyperinsulinaemia is not supported by an exogenous amino acid supply, plasma as well as muscle free amino acid concentrations fall because of reduced splanchnic release. (bmj.com)

Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
Wang explained how a better understanding of glucose transport will lead to new therapeutics. (peoplenewspapers.com)
We investigated two parameters as power sources for a nano-drug delivery system to simultaneously enhance drug-membrane permeation: the first one was the glucose oxidase (GOx) bioelectrochemical activity (BECA) at low glucose concentrations, and the second was a combined system, BECA electro-chemical activity (ECA) model (BECA-ECA), with platinum-nanoparticle (Pt-NP) anti-microbial and anti-cancer action. (scielo.org.za)

For over 30 years, Village Green Apothecary's compounding pharmacy has excelled in custom formulations of nutrients (vitamins, minerals, amino acids), herbs, and prescription drugs. (myvillagegreen.com)

Thus, pathogens must have specific mecha- clearly complex, and, in many cases, the study of these nisms for mediating colonization, avoiding the host's interactions is limited by the lack of a suitable animal immune system, and acquiring necessary nutrients. (cdc.gov)
Its primary function is to transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. (freescience.info)
The following are the six groups of nutrients found in the foods we eat. (slideshare.net)
Functions as enzymes and hormones  Transport nutrients. (slideshare.net)
Three groups of nutrients undergo similar paths into the bloodstream. (picmonic.com)
Hepatic portal circulation is used to transport nutrients to the liver for processing. (picmonic.com)

BraC, component of General L- (and D-)amino acid uptake porter (transports acidic, basic, polar, semipolar and hydrophobic amino acids). (lbl.gov)

Another important feature of free amino acids is the existence of both a basic and an acidic group at the α-carbon. (yclas.com)
The basic amino group typically has a pKa between 9 and 10, while the acidic α-carboxyl group has a pKa that is usually close to 2 (a very low value for carboxyls). (yclas.com)
Like a key in a lock, the basic peptide latches on to the acidic peptide. (eurekalert.org)

There may be "tunneling" of ornithine transported from the cytosol to OTC, with the availability of intramitochondrial ornithine serving to regulate the reaction. (nih.gov)

Chemical composition, cholesterol, fatty acid and amino acid in two populations of brown crab Cancer pagurus: Ecological and human health implications. (swansea.ac.uk)
In this study, the contents of nutritional compounds from nine common North Atlantic red macroalgae were compared: the lipid content was low and constant among the species, whereas the fatty acid profiles indicated that these species constitute interesting sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). (scirp.org)

Patients with OTC deficiency have increased excretion of orotic acid because carbamyl phosphate spills into the cytoplasm, where it enters the pathway of pyrimidine synthesis. (nih.gov)

Draw And Explain The Reactions Involved In Photosynthesis And The Nitrogen Cycle Including Amino Acid Anabolism. (uaeu.ac.ae)

A new research approach that the Bayreuth biochemist Prof. Dr. Birte Höcker is pursuing with her research group is the rational design of peptides. (eurekalert.org)
Peptides suitable for this purpose are rather small as they usually consist of less than 30 amino acids. (eurekalert.org)

Succinic acid is an organic acid (that occurs naturally in both plant and animal tissue) involved in the Kreb's Cycle (energy producing cycle of chemical reactions within the cells) which forms a well-absorbed chelate with minerals such as calcium and magnesium in the gastrointestinal tract. (naturalhealthscience.com)
In fact, chelation of minerals in digested food with amino acids is a process that occurs naturally in the gut. (naturalhealthscience.com)
In other words, it is one of the fundamental ways the body facilitates the absorption of minerals into the system. (naturalhealthscience.com)
Thus, laboratory-produced amino acid chelated minerals mimic one of the body's own preferred methods of enhancing mineral absorption. (naturalhealthscience.com)
Also, amino acid chelation of minerals helps to counter competitive interactions that can occur between different minerals (e.g., between calcium and magnesium) when they are taken as inorganic salts (e.g., dolomite). (naturalhealthscience.com)

Цистинурія Cystinuria is an inherited defect of the renal tubules in which reabsorption of cystine (the homodimer of the amino acid cysteine) is impaired, urinary excretion is increased, and cystine stones. (msdmanuals.com)

Although using these technolo- acting on the pathogen in each microenvironment, what gies to analyze pathogens within a host is still in its infancy, bacterial factors are responsible for the host damage, and initial studies indicate that these technologies will be valu- able tools for understanding how the pathogen reacts to the how the immune system is evaded. (cdc.gov)
QuickView {"id":1701766788,"title":"D3 Serum, 1000 IU per drop, Premier Research Labs","handle":"d3-serum","description":"\u003ch2\u003eSupports the cardiovascular and immune system. (live-live.com)
Vitamin D3 Supports cardiovascular and immune system support. (live-live.com)
This means that getting enough vitamin D may be critically important to support our immune system health by helping to activate immune cells. (live-live.com)
Lux and his colleagues have found a way to "hide" an anti-cancer enzyme in nanoparticles undetectable by the immune system to avoid an allergic reaction, while at the same time starving the cancer cells of an important amino acid needed to proliferate. (peoplenewspapers.com)
Assist the immune system. (slideshare.net)
Polygonum multiflorum is said to contain Vitamin X. Pharmacology studies show that an extract improves the cardiovascular system, enhances immune functions, slows degeneration of glands, increases antioxidant activity, and reduces the accumulation of lipid peroxidation. (selfgrowth.com)
They play a key role in the immune system by minimizing or preventing damage caused by external agents such as viruses. (naturalantibody.com)
It acts as a homing mechanism for other components of the immune system to identify a particular antibody bound to something. (naturalantibody.com)
The constant domain allows the antibody to interact with other components of the immune system or to be transported to a specific location in the organism. (naturalantibody.com)
This tag allows other components of the immune system to quickly identify and neutralize the antigen. (naturalantibody.com)

A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways among vastly different species. (wikipedia.org)
This battery of measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain liver, heart, and kidney diseases, acid-base imbalance in the respiratory and metabolic systems, other diseases involving lipid metabolism and various endocrine disorders as well as other metabolic or nutritional disorders. (cdc.gov)
reflect on scientific issues in biochemistry and cellular metabolism from a social and ethical perspective, · reflect on learning, individually and in groups, as well as on the own contribution to constructive feedback in order to improve the work of the group. (lu.se)
The course covers basics of biochemistry and cellular metabolism. (lu.se)

The amino and carboxyl groups do not need to be α since γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a substrate. (lbl.gov)
Amino acids are made up of a central carbon bonded to an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), and a hydrogen atom. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
The carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of a second amino acid combine, releasing a water molecule. (opentextbooks.org.hk)

For the typical bacterium that can make all 20 amino acids, there are 1-2 gaps in amino acid biosynthesis pathways. (lbl.gov)
For more information, see the paper from 2019 on GapMind for amino acid biosynthesis, the paper from 2022 on GapMind for carbon sources, or view the source code . (lbl.gov)

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in, or problem with the proper activity of, the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), which is necessary to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine to the amino acid tyrosine . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The intricate coordination of systems in the human body is seen in the process, catalyzed by enzymes , by which phenylalanine is degraded into tyrosine, which in turn is converted into the vitally important neurotransmitters and hormones dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and epinephrine (adrenaline). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
L-phenylalanine can be converted into L- tyrosine , another one of the DNA -encoded amino acids. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Catecholamines are any of a group of amines (nitrogen-contain organic compounds) derived from the amino acid tyrosine and containing a catechol group (aromatic chemical compound consisting of a benzene ring with two hydroxyl groups). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) is fundamental to the process through conversion of amino acid phenylalanine into the amino acid tyrosine. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Lignins, also a group of phenolics, are the most common compounds on Earth, and help conduct water in plant stems and fill spaces in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Phenylalanine also is classified as an "essential amino acid" since it cannot be synthesized by the human body from other compounds through chemical reactions and thus has to be taken in with the diet. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Compounds such as amino acids that can act as either an acid or a base are called amphoteric. (yclas.com)

Currently, cancer treatment uses electroporation where the power source is applied through the skin (invasive) to destroy the affected tumour cells and to allow drug entry from the vascular system into the cell through pores induced into the cell membranes. (scielo.org.za)
Aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate transport of water and small solutes across cell membranes and play an important role in different physiological processes in plants. (biomedcentral.com)
Other than the fact that vacuoles are somewhat larger than vesicles, there is a very subtle distinction between them: the membranes of vesicles can fuse with either the plasma membrane or other membrane systems within the cell. (coursehero.com)

In sickle cell anemia, the amino acid substitution valine for glutamate occurs on the beta chain at the sixth position. (medscape.com)

Peritoneal stomata constitute the principal pathways for the drainage of intraperitoneal contents from the PERITONEAL CAVITY to the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM. (bvsalud.org)

Calcium succinate is produced by chemically reacting calium and succinic acid. (naturalhealthscience.com)

Due to a dedicated amino acid transport system found in cells of the intestinal wall, amino acids are particularly well-absorbed through the gastrointestinal mucosa. (naturalhealthscience.com)

D-histidine and the histidine degradation products, histamine, urocanic acid and imidazole do not bind. (lbl.gov)
The amino acid score of the nine algae varied from 44% to 92%, the most commonly first limiting amino acid being histidine. (scirp.org)

The aim of this course is to apply the basic knowledge gained in Biochemistry (CHEM 361) course to specific metabolic reactions and certain physiologically important biomolecules. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Another class of biomolecules of nutritional value from macroalgae is the essential ω3 fatty acids, which are composed of long-chain PUFAs. (scirp.org)

We modelled how open-circuit voltage optimizes platinum-loading in catalysts to improve the electrochemical activity (ECA) possible from bioelectrogenesis through these systems and address the high costs of nano-drug delivery systems. (scielo.org.za)
This is important, because they cannot passively be absorbed as many amino acids go against an electrochemical gradient. (picmonic.com)

ALS Inhibitors affect grasses and dicots by inhibiting the first step in some amino acid synthesis, acetolactate synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
The plants are slowly starved of these amino acids and eventually DNA synthesis stops. (wikipedia.org)

At its most basic level, the human body is made up of countless microscopic units called cells. (freescience.info)
At the base of each follicle is a bulb-like projection, the dermal papilla , surrounded by the hair matrix, a group of cells which divide to form the major structures of the hair fiber and root. (antiaging-systems.com)
Amino acids also must undergo active transport into the epithelial cells of the small intestine because many of them are charged. (picmonic.com)

Each amino acid is attached to another amino acid by a covalent bond, known as a peptide bond, which is formed by a dehydration reaction. (opentextbooks.org.hk)

They are broken into triglycerides, reformed as chylomicrons, and are transported by the lacteals through the lymphatic system. (picmonic.com)
These lacteals transport chylomicrons through the lymphatic system into blood circulation. (picmonic.com)

For example, scientists have determined that human cytochrome c contains 104 amino acids. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
For each cytochrome c molecule that has been sequenced to date from different organisms, 37 of these amino acids appear in the same position in each cytochrome c. (opentextbooks.org.hk)

Cysteamine, introduced in the 1980s, blunts the decline in renal function and improves the linear growth of these children, despite the fact that it does not ameliorate the defect in renal tubule transport. (medscape.com)

Physiological responses to depuration and transport of native and exotic clams at different temperatures. (swansea.ac.uk)

The human body's control center is the nervous system, which consists of the brain, spinal cord, and a vast network of nerves. (freescience.info)
Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, such as tumors, nervous system diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, kidney injury, and blood diseases. (nature.com)
Until this time, experimental neurobiologists did not understand how the development of the nervous system was regulated to result in the final complete innervation of the body. (nobelprize.org)
The investigation of NGF's role in the development of the nervous system, as well as later, in adult neural function, has been a lifelong dedication for Rita Levi-Montalcini. (nobelprize.org)
Developmental biologist Rita Levi-Montalcini , who in the beginning of 1950's moved from her homeland Italy, to Viktor Hamburger's laboratory in St. Louis, USA, showed in 1952 that when tumours from mice were transplanted to chick embryos they induced potent growth of the chick embryo nervous system, specifically sensory and sympathetic nerves. (nobelprize.org)

Vitamin D\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003ealso supports cardiovascular system health. (live-live.com)

Nephropathic cystinosis is an inherited (autosomal recessive) lysosomal storage disorder caused by defective transport of the amino acid cystine out of lysosomes. (medscape.com)

Taxol, an important anticancer drug is found in this group. (wikipedia.org)
Tannins are another group of phenolics important in tanning leather. (wikipedia.org)
PMRS activity also plays an important role affecting recycling of extracellular ascorbic acid, thus preventing its depletion [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
A better understanding of C. trachomatis basic biology is important to eventually develop new ways to combat infections caused by these bacteria. (europa.eu)

they carry out oxidation reactions that break down fatty acids and amino acids. (coursehero.com)

Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects. (nih.gov)

For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. (wikipedia.org)
Calcium citrate is formed by the bonding of elemental calcium and citric acid. (naturalhealthscience.com)

Some D-amino acids are found in microorganisms, particularly in the cell walls of bacteria and in several of the antibiotics. (yclas.com)
When human and rhesus monkey sequences were compared, a single difference was found in one amino acid. (opentextbooks.org.hk)

Increased ALP activity is associated with two groups of diseases: those affecting liver function and those involving osteoblastic activity in the bones. (cdc.gov)
The sequence and number of amino acids ultimately determine a protein's shape, size, and function. (opentextbooks.org.hk)
vesicles and vacuoles function in storage and transport. (coursehero.com)
Vesicles and vacuoles are membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport. (coursehero.com)

Therefore, when a mineral atom is strongly bonded with amino acids, it is far more efficiently absorbed into the blood than it would be in the form of an inorganic salt, such as calcium lactate or calcium carbonate. (naturalhealthscience.com)

Free form amino acid, high purity, well tolerated. (myvillagegreen.com)
Expenditures on tuberculosis treatment may increase over the next few years because of high morbidity rates among people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the homeless, the foreign-born, the elderly, and various minority groups. (cdc.gov)

1. Fat provides the body with essential fatty acids and energy. (slideshare.net)

A mineral chelator is a substance that tightly bonds with a mineral atom and transports the mineral through the gastrointestinal mucosa, the blood vessel wall and/or the cell membrane. (naturalhealthscience.com)

Urinary orotic acid generally is very elevated in babies with OTC deficiency and normal or even low in infants with CPS deficiency. (nih.gov)

Describe the kinetics, mechanism and role of enzymes in living systems. (uaeu.ac.ae)

1 Currently, four antigenically distinct groups of influenza viruses have been identified as the cause of human infection, including two subtypes of influenza A (A/H1N1 and A/H3N2) and two lineages of influenza B. The two influenza B lineages are represented by the reference strains B/Victoria/2/87 and B/Yamagata/16/88. (who.int)

Anatomy25

Organisms12

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs134

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes57

Information Science4

Health Care1

Proteins33

Cationic amino acids2

Lipids7

Carbohydrates2

Arginine7

Lysine2

Molecules12

Nucleic acid1

Transporter2

Protein17

Free amino acid1

Glucose3

Vitamins1

Nutrients6

Uptake1

Acidic3

Ornithine1

Fatty acid2

Phosphate1

Anabolism1

Peptides2

Minerals5

Excretion1

Immune11

Metabolism4

Carboxyl3

Biosynthesis2

Tyrosine5

Compounds3

Membranes3

Valine1

Pathways1

Chemically1

Intestinal1

Histidine2

Biomolecules2

Electrochemical2

Synthesis2

Cells3

Peptide1

Lymphatic system2

Cytochrome2

Renal tubule1

Physiological1

Nervous system5

Cardiovascular system1

Lysosomes1

Important4

Oxidation1

Cellular1

Citric2

Found2

Function4

Calcium1

High2

Essential1

Mucosa1

Urinary1

Mechanism1

Distinct1