• Site-directed mutagenesis of the NH2 terminus of T4 endonuclease V. The position of the alpha NH2 moiety affects catalytic activity. (nih.gov)
  • Reductive methylation of the alpha NH2 moiety of the DNA repair enzyme T4 endonuclease V has been shown previously to eradicate both the N-glycosylase and apyrimidinic/apurinic lyase activities of the enzyme (Schrock, R. D., III, and Lloyd, R. S. (1991) J. Biol. (nih.gov)
  • Escherichia coli endonuclease III (EC 4.2.99.18 ) (gene nth) [ 1 ] is a DNA repair enzyme that acts both as a DNA N-glycosylase, removing oxidized pyrimidines from DNA, and as an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, introducing a single-strand nick at the site from which the damaged base was removed. (expasy.org)
  • Atomic structure of the DNA repair [4Fe-4S] enzyme endonuclease III. (expasy.org)
  • Endonuclease V (EndoV) in E. coli is active upon DNA exposed to UV light, OsO4, acids, or X-rays [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This enzyme was later characterized as 3′-deoxyinosine endonuclease that incises the DNA at the second phosphodiester bond 3′ to the dI lesion, leaving 3′-OH and 5′-P termini [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The 4Fe-4S cluster does not seem to be important for catalytic activity, but is probably involved in the proper positioning of the enzyme along the DNA strand [ 2 ]. (expasy.org)
  • Fpg has a preference for oxidised purines, excising oxidized purine bases such as 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). (wikipedia.org)
  • The T2P and +Gly mutants had negligible pyrimidine dimer-specific N-glycosylase activity as well as negligible pyrimidine dimer-specific nicking activity in vitro. (nih.gov)
  • Micrococcus luteus ultraviolet N-glycosylase/AP lyase which initiates repair at cis-syn pyrimidine dimers. (expasy.org)
  • DNA glycosylase/AP lyase enzymes are involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. (wikipedia.org)
  • The two DNA-binding motifs (a zinc finger and the helix-two-turns-helix motifs) suggest that the oxidized base is flipped out from double-stranded DNA in the binding mode and excised by a catalytic mechanism similar to that of bifunctional base excision repair enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • In mammalian cells, base excision repair (BER) was thought to be the major pathway for dI repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ITs AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity introduces nicks in the DNA strand, cleaving the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wilson, S.H. and Kuff, E.L. A novel DNA polymerase activity found in association with intracisternal A-type particles. (nih.gov)
  • Moreover, judging from the repair requirements and sensitivity to specific polymerase inhibitors, there were overlapping repair activities in processing of dI in DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • From radionucleotide incorporation fine mapping, the resulting apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are further processed by both the short patch pathway (1-nucleotide gap filling) with DNA polymerase (Pol) β and the long patch pathway (2-6 nucleotide resynthesis) with Pol δ and PCNA [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nfi homologues from Thermotoga maritima possess 3′-exonuclease activity that might be used for removal of damaged bases [ 14 ], but similar exonuclease activities were not found in EndoV from E. coli and mammalian cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These enzymes have both DNA glycosylase activity (EC) and AP lyase activity (EC). (wikipedia.org)
  • A plasmid-based convenient and non-radioisotopic method was created to study dI repair in human cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The FPG IleRS zinc finger domain represents a zinc finger domain found at the C-terminal in both DNA glycosylase/AP lyase enzymes and in isoleucyl tRNA synthetase. (wikipedia.org)
  • The excision of base damage is initiated by a specific DNA glycosylase: Hypoxanthine is bound and excised efficiently by human N -methylpurine-DNA glycosylase (MPG, also known as AAG, ANPG, APNG, or MDG) [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The present study uses the technique of site-directed mutagenesis to investigate the important parameters involved in the cleavage mechanism. (nih.gov)