• Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are highly specific for sugar groups that are part of other molecules, so cause agglutination of particular cells or precipitation of glycoconjugates and polysaccharides. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lectins have a role in recognition at the cellular and molecular level and play numerous roles in biological recognition phenomena involving cells, carbohydrates, and proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
  • These functionally inappropriate proteins are somehow detected in the ER lumen and then transferred to the retrotranslocational channel embedded within the ER membrane, termed the retrotranslocon, followed by ubiquitin-dependent degradation by the proteasome in the cytoplasm. (elifesciences.org)
  • The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • The aim of this article is to review antifungal proteins produced by medicinal plants and fungi used in Chinese medicine which also possess anticancer and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) enzyme inhibitory activities. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lectins are a group of proteins or glycoproteins with various potentially exploitable bioactivities and have been capturing more interest recently. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lectins may bind to a soluble carbohydrate or to a carbohydrate moiety that is a part of a glycoprotein or glycolipid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Productive folding of the protein moiety is facilitated during this period by the calnexin/calreticulin cycle in mammalian cells, which relies on G1M9-specific lectin-type chaperones (calnexin and calreticulin) associated with the oxidoreductase ERp57, and UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferases 1 and 2, which are capable of re-adding glucose to M9 if the protein moiety is not yet folded. (elifesciences.org)
  • Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of long chains of monosaccharide units, with important functions in the body including energy storage, structural support, and immune response. (lookformedical.com)
  • citation needed] Some hepatitis C viral glycoproteins may attach to C-type lectins on the host cell surface (liver cells) to initiate infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intracellular lectins and glycan-modifying enzymes mediate autophagy and control host immunity and inflammation. (nature.com)
  • Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. (lookformedical.com)
  • Carbohydrate metabolism, inborn errors refer to genetic disorders that affect the body's ability to properly process carbohydrates, leading to various metabolic disorders. (lookformedical.com)
  • Sequential mannose trimming of N -glycan, from M9 to M8B and then to oligosaccharides exposing the α1,6-linked mannosyl residue (M7A, M6, and M5), facilitates endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of misfolded glycoproteins (gpERAD). (elifesciences.org)
  • This study demonstrates the details of mannose trimming in the ER by EDEM1 and EDEM3, filling an important gap in how mannose trimming creates an ERAD signal and shunts glycoproteins to the ERAD pathway. (elifesciences.org)
  • Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of mannose from a nucleoside diphosphate mannose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. (lookformedical.com)
  • An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of D-mannose-6-phosphate to form D-fructose-6-phosphate, an important step in glycolysis. (lookformedical.com)
  • The glycosylation machinery is responsible for assembling a diverse repertoire of glycan structures, collectively termed 'glycome', through the synchronized action of a portfolio of glycan-modifying enzymes including glycosyltransferases and glycosidases. (nature.com)
  • subsequent specific chain bicarbonate( PPAR-alpha) regulates the odorant one-particle of spontaneous molecular enzyme in the transfer. (evakoch.com)
  • The multiple GPCRs causes a abnormal site repressed plasma whose factor and enzyme interacts on eIF2B service( IFT). (evakoch.com)
  • A group of enzymes that catalyze an intramolecular transfer of a phosphate group. (lookformedical.com)
  • It has been shown in some cases that the enzyme has a functional phosphate group, which can act as the donor. (lookformedical.com)
  • Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Glycoprotein degradation, on the other hand, requires many hydrolases to act on carbohydrates and involves intracellular transport of both glycosidases and their substrate glycoproteins. (intechopen.com)
  • To avoid clearance from the body by the innate immune system, pathogens (e.g., virus particles and bacteria that infect human cells) often express surface lectins known as adhesins and hemagglutinins that bind to tissue-specific glycans on host cell-surface glycoproteins and glycolipids. (wikipedia.org)
  • We discovered the glycosyltransferases involved in Hyp O-arabinosylation and galactosylation and investigate various physiological functions of O-glycans in plants by phenotypic analysis of the strains deficient in these enzymes. (thers.ac.jp)
  • Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is abundant plasma protein with various effects on angiogenesis, coagulation, and immune responses. (bvsalud.org)
  • Collectively, enzymes that modulate glycoprotein carbohydrates during their biosynthesis and degradation are called glycoenzymes, which play critical roles in maintaining cellular structure and function. (intechopen.com)
  • Ludger V-Tag system is designed for the analysis of glycopeptides generated from the digestion of therapeutic glycoproteins such as monoclonal antibodies (mAb) . (ludger.com)
  • This kit has been developed for the quantitative analysis of sialic acids and contains all the reagents necessary for the release of sialic acids from glycoproteins and their conjugation with DMB dye by an amination-cyclization reaction. (ludger.com)
  • The strategy involves orthogonal techniques: total N-glycan profiling and quantitative analysis of neutral monosaccharides and sialic acids, where a mAb is used as a model glycoprotein and this workflow can be applied throughout a biopharmaceutical's product life cycle. (ludger.com)