Glutathione antioxidant ascorbate and h2o2 ascorbate peroxidases. Medical search. Frequent questions

The dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide can also be catalyzed by the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase with a rate constant on the order of 2×109 L mol−1sec−1. (wikipedia.org)
Biochemistry bioassays confirmed the involvement of monooxygenase enzyme, carboxylesterase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in multi-insecticide resistance mechanism. (preprints.org)
The effects of cadmium (Cd) on antioxidant responses and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were studied in Vicia faba L. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), and the levels of ascorbate (ASC), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde (MDA, indicator of lipid peroxidation) were measured. (tubitak.gov.tr)
It was found that the yeast inoculation increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities under 300, 100, and 200 mM NaCl, respectively. (preprints.org)
The aim of this work was to investigate changes in isoenzyme patterns of enzymes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in cotton under Mg deficiency. (tubitak.gov.tr)
In cells , antioxidants such as glutathione , mycothiol or bacillithiol , and enzyme systems like superoxide dismutase , can prevent damage from oxidative stress . (wikipedia.org)
The activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate-peroxidase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) and the amount of non-enzymatic compounds (malondialdehyde and thiol) significantly decerased in the third and the fourth instar larvae of H. variegata on the micronutrient treatments compared to control. (ac.ir)
The increase of superoxide dismutase activity can indicate the occurrence of oxidative stress in the body of the third and the fourth instar larvae of predator H. variegata could be assigned to the accumulation of H2O2 in the body of M. persicae under the influence of the defensive secondary metabolites, which led to increase the activity of catalase and peroxidase. (ac.ir)
2011 ). On the other side, plants have developed some enzymatic systems including superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), ascorbate peroxidases (APX), peroxiredoxins and non-enzymatic mechanisms to protect against oxidative damage caused by these ROS (Agrawal et al. (springeropen.com)
In the human cell, antioxidant molecules include both nonenzymatic compounds such as glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx), ascorbate, α -tocopherol, β -carotene, and coenzyme Q10 and enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

Exposure to Se or mimosine exhibited a differential response in the mitochondrial catalase and ascorbate peroxidase (Asc-Px) activities. (typeset.io)

Application of 200 μL L -1 ethephon to Ni- or Zn-grown plants significantly alleviated toxicity and reduced the oxidative stress to a greater extent together with the improved net photosynthesis due to induced activity of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione (GSH) reductase, resulting in increased production of reduced GSH. (edu.au)
Na+ but not Cl- or osmotic stress is involved in NaCl-induced expression of Glutathione reductase in roots of rice seedlings , 2009, J Plant Physiol. (github.io)
Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in heat shock- and cadmium-induced expression of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase in leaves of rice seedlings , 2012, J Plant Physiol. (github.io)
Identification and characterization of a novel chloroplast/mitochondria co-localized glutathione reductase 3 involved in salt stress response in rice , 2013, Plant Mol Biol. (github.io)
NaCl-induced expression of glutathione reductase in roots of rice Oryza sativa L. seedlings is mediated through hydrogen peroxide but not abscisic acid , 2009, Plant and Soil. (github.io)
Gene knockout of glutathione reductase 3 results in increased sensitivity to salt stress in rice. (github.io)

Antioxidant enzymes were affected differently by the yeast inoculation. (preprints.org)
Explore the latest questions and answers in Antioxidant Enzymes, and find Antioxidant Enzymes experts. (researchgate.net)
Haemoglobin is a serious problem during purification and analysis of antioxidant enzymes from red blood cells. (researchgate.net)
We studied the effects of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide(EBR) on H 2 O 2 and MDA content, antioxidant enzymes activities, and the expression of drought-tolerance relative genes in pepper( Capsicum annuum L.) under drought stress. (nefu.edu.cn)
While EBR significantly increased antioxidant enzymes activities, and alleviated H 2 O 2 and MDA content in leaves of pepper under drought stress. (nefu.edu.cn)
EBR also induced the expression of antioxidant enzymes( cAPX and MDAR ) and transcription factors( WRKY 3, WRKY 6 and MYB ) genes. (nefu.edu.cn)
In this study, effect of foliar application of micronutrient fertilizers included iron, zinc, copper and manganese were investigated on the activity of antioxidant enzymes, amount of antioxidant non-enzymatic compounds and storage-macromolecules (protein, glycogen and triglyceride) of the third and fourth instar larvae of H. variegata fed on M. persicae. (ac.ir)
Effects of biofertilizer and nano Zn-Fe oxide on physiological traits, antioxidant enzymes activity and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salinity stress. (ac.ir)
Bailly C, Bogatek-Leszczynska R, Côme D, Corbineau F (2002) Changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipoxygenase during growth of sunflower seedlings from seeds of different vigour. (malque.pub)
Nrf2 activates transcription of antioxidant enzymes by binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE) in the promoter regions of its target genes [ 23 , 24 ]. (hindawi.com)
Both "direct" and "indirect" antioxidant enzymes are regulated by Nrf2. (hindawi.com)
Mn deficiency induced the oxidative stress for increase the H 2 O 2 and MDA content in leaves of plants and reduce the activity of antioxidant enzymes and total phenols causing damage to quantum efficiency of photosystem II and pigment content. (biomedcentral.com)

as well as the non-radical species hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). (wikipedia.org)
The ascorbate-glutathione cycle (Halliwell-Asada pathway) may operate to reduce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). (ristudypost.com)

Cotton plants were grown with different concentrations of MgSO4 in hydroponic medium to create nutrient deficiency (0, 75, 150, 1000 μM Mg). Gradual decreases in growth and photosynthetic rates were observed with declining Mg concentrations and 0, 75, and 150 μM Mg increased oxidative stress as evidenced by H2O2 and lipid peroxidation. (tubitak.gov.tr)
The results suggest that Se is an antioxidant or it activates protective mechanisms, which can alleviate oxidative stress in the chloroplasts, and improve the recovery of chlorophyll content following light stress. (typeset.io)
This review focuses on the effects of oxidative stress and the role of a particular antioxidant system-the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway-on ocular diseases, specifically age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. (hindawi.com)
Imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants leads to oxidative stress. (hindawi.com)

These changes in antioxidant enzyme activities were negatively correlated with lipid peroxidation. (tubitak.gov.tr)
[9] Research into how vitamin E prevents the process of lipid peroxidation led to the identification of antioxidants as reducing agents that prevent oxidative reactions, often by scavenging reactive oxygen species before they can damage cells. (wikipedia.org)

Hypoxia, as well as reoxygenation, affects the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the production of antioxidant molecules is likely of importance for survival. (ristudypost.com)
In water solutions, this substance is present as a monovalent anion, ascorbate- (Asc-), which easily donates electrons to oxidized molecules and scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS). (deepdyve.com)
These molecules undergo free radical chain reactions, but antioxidants inhibit them by preventing the oxidation processes. (wikipedia.org)
Can antioxidant molecules be used through local/topical drug delivery for oral mucosal lesions? (researchgate.net)
Antioxidants are molecules that reduce ROS and keep the oxidative damage at a minimum. (hindawi.com)

but if the ascorbate/dehydroascorbate (AA/DHA) ratio is kept high (the redox potential kept reducing) until the unstable dehydro- ascorbate undergoes hydrolysis or can be reduced back to ascorbate, the dehydroascorbate will do no harm. (mall-net.com)

In addition, stress indicator compounds, including malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and H2O2, were remarkably alleviated by 54.21% and 47.03%, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation (usually occurring as autoxidation ), a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals . (wikipedia.org)
Known dietary antioxidants are vitamins A , C , and E , but the term antioxidant has also been applied to numerous other dietary compounds that only have antioxidant properties in vitro , with little evidence for antioxidant properties in vivo . (wikipedia.org)

These data show that apoplastic redox-active transition metals are involved in the ascorbate-induced [Ca2+]cyt. (deepdyve.com)
This mechanism may underlie ascorbate release, signalling phenomena, apoplastic redox reactions, iron acquisition, and control the ionic and electrical equilibrium (together with K+ efflux via GORK channels). (deepdyve.com)
The activities of GR and GST were highest in plants treated with 0 μM Mg, indicating excess use of glutathione for redox regulation. (tubitak.gov.tr)

EPR spectroscopy measurements demonstrate that salinity (NaCl) triggers the accumulation of root apoplastic ascorbyl radicals in an A9C-dependent manner, confirming that l-ascorbate leaks through anion channels under depolarization. (deepdyve.com)
Here, the effects of solutions with different concentrations of NaCl on the organic osmolytes, ion accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activity of hibiscus seedling leaves were determined. (mdpi.com)

The evolution of angiosperm plants between 50 and 200 million years ago resulted in the development of many antioxidant pigments - particularly during the Jurassic period - as chemical defences against reactive oxygen species that are byproducts of photosynthesis . (wikipedia.org)
4.Ogweno J O,Song X S,Shi K,et al.Brassinosteroids alleviate heat-induced inhibition of photosynthesis by increasing carboxylation efficiency and enhancing antioxidant systems in Lycopersicon esculentum ［J］.J Plant Growth Regul,2008,27(1):49-57. (nefu.edu.cn)

Early research on the role of antioxidants in biology focused on their use in preventing the oxidation of unsaturated fats , which is the cause of rancidity . (wikipedia.org)
This review is to assess the mode of action and role of antioxidants in protecting plants from stress caused by the presence of heavy metals in the environment. (typeset.io)
The aim of this review is to assess the mode of action and role of antioxidants in protecting plants from stress caused by the presence of heavy metals in the environment. (typeset.io)

As part of their adaptation from marine life, terrestrial plants began producing non-marine antioxidants such as ascorbic acid ( vitamin C ), polyphenols and tocopherols . (wikipedia.org)
[12] These preservatives include natural antioxidants such as ascorbic acid (AA, E300) and tocopherols (E306), as well as synthetic antioxidants such as propyl gallate (PG, E310), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA, E320) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, E321). (wikipedia.org)

Under salt treatment of 300 mM NaCl, the yeast inoculation significantly increased ascorbate concentrations in leaves, yet showed no effects on levels of glutathione and proline. (preprints.org)

Intriguingly, the replacement of gluconate with ascorbate in the patch-clamp pipette reveals a large ascorbate efflux current, which shows sensitivity to the anion channel blocker, anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (A9C), indicative of the ascorbate release via anion channels. (deepdyve.com)

In most pathologic processes, the rate at which free radicals and highly reactive oxidants are produced, exceeds the rate at which the ordinary rate-limited antioxidant free radical scavenging mechanisms can quench those free radicals and oxidants. (mall-net.com)
Since even at very high doses, ascorbate is virtually nontoxic, it may be given in the enormous doses necessary to quench almost all unwanted free radicals and oxidants. (mall-net.com)
Direct" antioxidants include SOD1 and GSH, which directly quench ROS. (hindawi.com)

The involvement of ethylene in reversal of photosynthetic inhibition by Ni and Zn stress was related to the changes in PS II activity, P-NUE, and antioxidant capacity was confirmed using ethylene action inhibitor, norbornadiene. (edu.au)

[7] [8] The possible mechanisms of action of antioxidants were first explored when it was recognized that a substance with anti-oxidative activity is likely to be one that is itself readily oxidized. (wikipedia.org)

To understand the mechanism of tolerance to deferent stresses in tea plant, a new glutathione peroxidase gene of tea plant was cloned and its expression pattern was analyzed under abiotic and biotic stresses. (springeropen.com)

However, a positive correlation between the increase of H2O2 levels and Cd concentration occurred with all levels of Cd. (tubitak.gov.tr)

The glutathione peroxidase gene has positive function to damage induced by ROS. (springeropen.com)

Antioxidant defense response of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae against secondary metabolites of the host plants cumin, anise, and coriander. (ac.ir)

Mixtures of mineral ascorbates (calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and sometimes sodium) are used in certain circumstances to increase bowel tolerance for even more clinical effectiveness but do not clearly demonstrate the increasing bowel tolerance phenomenon being discussed here. (mall-net.com)

Clinically, in a disease ameliorated by ascorbate, there is a suppression of symptoms only with very high doses and approximately to that extent which a nonrate-limited,_antioxidant_free_radical_scavenger, might be expected to affect that disease process if all harmful free radicals and highly reactive oxidizing substances were quenched. (mall-net.com)

Overall, these are very important physiological roles of AA relating this molecule exclusively to antioxidant functions. (deepdyve.com)

The Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway plays a critical role in the regulation of a comprehensive and protective antioxidant response [ 22 ]. (hindawi.com)

Polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in apple leaves inoculated with a virulent or an avirulent strain for Erwinia amylovora . (ac.ir)

Peroxidase activity registered a significant increase by threefold in mitochondria and fourfold in soluble fraction in both Se and mimosine groups. (typeset.io)

[6] Antioxidant activity could be measured simply by placing the fat in a closed container with oxygen and measuring the rate of oxygen consumption. (wikipedia.org)
I will be thankful if anybody answer my question and send me a clear protocol to measure ABTS Radical scavenging activity of protein samples.I want to measure antioxidant capacity of my samples by ABTS assay. (researchgate.net)

Knowledge of the known vitamin functions of ascorbate would not have allowed one to predict these beneficial results. (mall-net.com)
How can I measure Vitamin C Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (VCEAC) per g of sample? (researchgate.net)

Low or moderate doses (doses substantially below bowel tolerance) usually had no noticeable immediate beneficial effects, but high doses (doses just below the amount that would produce diarrhea in a patient tolerant to ascorbate) would have the effect of markedly suppressing symptoms as the high dose levels were reached. (mall-net.com)

Exogenous ascorbate also induces a moderate increase in programmed cell death symptoms in intact roots, but it does not activate Ca2+ influx currents in patch-clamped root protoplasts. (deepdyve.com)

Antioxidants are an especially important class of preservatives as, unlike bacterial or fungal spoilage, oxidation reactions still occur relatively rapidly in frozen or refrigerated food. (wikipedia.org)
Antioxidant systems in the cell can be categorized into two consecutive phase reactions: phase I and phase II reactions [ 9 - 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

Exogenous copper and iron stimulate the ascorbate-induced [Ca2+]cyt. (deepdyve.com)

The wide spectrum of infectious diseases ameliorated by massive doses of ascorbate indicates some common pathologic processes in these diseases. (mall-net.com)
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, extensive study concentrated on the use of antioxidants in important industrial processes, such as the prevention of metal corrosion , the vulcanization of rubber, and the polymerization of fuels in the fouling of internal combustion engines . (wikipedia.org)

However, it was the identification of vitamins C and E as antioxidants that revolutionized the field and led to the realization of the importance of antioxidants in the biochemistry of living organisms . (wikipedia.org)
You are on rotations in an underserved primary care clinic when you come across a patient who can't stop talking about the importance of antioxidants. (mockdocs.org)

The deduced amino acid sequence showed high homology with glutathione peroxidases of angiosperms and contained the characteristic conserved motifs of ILAFPCNQF and FTVKD, the highest level of similarity was 85% to a glutathione peroxidase from Ricinus communis (Accession NO. XP_002509790.1). (springeropen.com)

Anyone know what is the best diluent for the quantification of the total antioxidant capacity in serum or plasma? (researchgate.net)
I´m looking for the best diluent for total antioxidant capacity in serum or plasma. (researchgate.net)

Indirect" antioxidants serve to synthesize and recycle GSH and Trx, which are the two most important ROS quenchers. (hindawi.com)

It is as if a threshold were reached at which point the ascorbate becomes very effective. (mall-net.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms12

Diseases2

Chemicals and Drugs53

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes13

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science3

Superoxide10

Catalase1

Reductase6

Enzymes12

Hydrogen peroxide2

Oxidative stress4

Lipid peroxidation2

Molecules5

Dehydroascorbate1

Compounds3

Redox3

Accumulation2

Photosynthesis2

Role of antioxidants3

Ascorbic2

NaCl1

Anion1

Quench3

Photosynthetic1

Mechanisms1

Mechanism1

Concentration1

Gene1

Defense1

Magnesium1

Reactive1

Physiological1

Regulation1

Leaves1

Mitochondria1

Activity2

Vitamin2

Tolerance1

Increase1

Reactions2

Copper1

Processes2

Importance2

High1

Total2

Important1

Effective1