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Chemoreceptor CellsCarotid BodyGlomus TumorAortic BodiesAnoxiaParaganglia, NonchromaffinAlmitrineOxygenGlomus Jugulare TumorPotassium Channels, Tandem Pore DomainCatecholaminesGlomeromycotaRabbitsKv1.4 Potassium ChannelShal Potassium ChannelsCell HypoxiaPotassiumGlossopharyngeal NerveMycorrhizaeMembrane PotentialsGlomus Tympanicum TumorSodium CyanideNisoldipinePotassium ChannelsPatch-Clamp TechniquesCalciumTetraethylammoniumElectrophysiologyDinitrophenolsThioureaLarge-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium ChannelsRespirationCarotid SinusCarbon DioxideGlomus TympanicumHEPESThiobarbituratesRats, WistarPotassium Channels, Voltage-GatedCadmium ChlorideNifedipineChemotaxisHyperoxiaCells, CulturedHypercapniaPressoreceptorsImmunohistochemistryPeanut AgglutininCystathionine gamma-LyaseReflexCatsParaganglioma, Extra-AdrenalVagotomyAcid Sensing Ion ChannelsHydrogen SulfideAlkynesDenervationomega-ConotoxinsPhrenic NerveAcidosisMedulla OblongataNail DiseasesDaucus carotaRespiratory CenterTyrosine 3-MonooxygenaseGlomus JugulareAsphyxiaCyanidesApneaomega-Agatoxin IVARats, Sprague-DawleyNeurons, EfferentRespiratory MechanicsPotassium Channel BlockersCarbon MonoxideCarotid Body TumorAnimals, NewbornPulmonary VentilationEar NeoplasmsPlant RootsSulfidesSymbiosisBacterial ProteinsDopamineCarbocyanines
CarotidVagale tumorJugulare tumorTympanicum tumorPeripheralArterialTumorVagus nerveCatecholaminesHypoxiaTumorsParagangliomaMechanismsDopamineTransductionChemodectomaMetabolicPhysiologicalSelectiveSkull baseNerveSolitaryRegulateOxygenAdultMembraneType II cellsReleaseBloodRepresentNeuralTreatmentEffectThoughtChannelsLevelsStudy
Carotid17
  • Glomus cells are the cell type mainly located in the carotid bodies and aortic bodies. (wikipedia.org)
  • The glomus type I cells of the carotid body are innervated by the sensory neurons found in the inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the carotid body the respiratory chemoreceptors need a period of time postnatally in order to reach functional maturity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clusters of glomus cells, of which the carotid bodies and aortic bodies are the most important, are called non-chromaffin or parasympathetic paraganglia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The autotransplantation of glomus cells of the carotid body into the striatum - a nucleus in the forebrain, has been investigated as a cell-based therapy for people with Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Secretory responses of intact glomus cells in thin slices of rat carotid body to hypoxia and tetraethylammonium" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • We investigated the effect of almitrine on ionic currents of chemoreceptor cells isolated from the carotid body of rat and rabbits by using the whole-cell and inside-out configurations of the patch-clamp technique. (aspetjournals.org)
  • [ 1 ] They are included in a group of tumors referred to as paragangliomas, which occur at various sites and include carotid body, glomus vagale, and glomus tympanicum tumors. (medscape.com)
  • Paragangliomas are often found at other sites, including the middle ear (glomus tympanicum tumor), the carotid body (carotid body tumor), and the vagus nerve in proximity to the inferior (nodosum) vagal ganglion (glomus vagale tumor, glomus intravagale tumor). (medscape.com)
  • Sir, the glomus cells are in the carotid and aortic body like Rishi mentioned in the video. (khanacademy.org)
  • In fact in some book they are referred as Glomus caroticum (carotid body) and Glomus aorticum (aortic body) be careful with this one no to mistake with para-aortic bodies which are chromaffin cell which manufacture catecholamine. (khanacademy.org)
  • The most common sites for head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) include the carotid body followed by middle ear and vagal glomus [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • About 80% of all glomus tumors are carotid body tumors or glomus jugulare tumors. (naqlafshk.com)
  • Haller introduced glomus tumors of the head and neck into the medical record in 1762 when he described a mass at the carotid bifurcation that had a glomus body-like structure. (naqlafshk.com)
  • Glomus tumors of the head and neck are associated with 4 primary locations, the jugular bulb, middle ear cavity, vagus nerve, and carotid body. (naqlafshk.com)
  • Carotid body glomus tumors, also called carotid body tumors, occur at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and arise from the tissue of the normal carotid body (see the image below). (naqlafshk.com)
  • Tumour from chemoreceptors at the bifurcation of the carotid artery. (abcmedicalnotes.com)
Vagale tumor1
Jugulare tumor3
Tympanicum tumor1
Peripheral4
  • Glomus type I cells are peripheral chemoreceptors which sense the oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH levels of the blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Peripheral chemoreceptors are extensions of the peripheral nervous system that respond to changes in blood molecule concentrations (such as oxygen or carbon dioxide) and help maintain cardiorespiratory homeostasis. (khanacademy.org)
  • These include information from peripheral and central chemoreceptors, muscle demand and generated metabolic changes, as well as ventilatory fatigue, breathing patterns and changes in ventilation/perfusion ratios. (frontiersin.org)
  • Review/Rese a: Acute oxygen sensing-Role of metabolic specifications in peripheral chemoreceptor cells. (us.es)
Arterial5
  • The glomus cells have a high metabolic rate and good blood perfusion and thus are sensitive to changes in arterial blood gas tension. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glomus type I cells are chemoreceptors which monitor arterial blood for the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH. (wikipedia.org)
  • The CB is an arterial chemoreceptor origin of ventilatory reflexes directed to maintain blood levels of O 2 , CO 2 , and H + under physiological limits. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Review/Rese a: Oxygen-sensing by arterial chemoreceptors: Mechanisms and medical translation. (us.es)
  • Oxygen Sensing by Arterial Chemoreceptors Depends on Mitochondrial Complex I Signaling. (us.es)
Tumor3
  • An association of glomus tumor with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) has been described. (medscape.com)
  • This is the most common type of glomus tumor of the head and neck. (naqlafshk.com)
  • Clusters of tumor cells (type I cells interspersed with type II cells), called zellballen, are surrounded by a dense network of capillary caliber blood vessels. (naqlafshk.com)
Vagus nerve1
  • Tumors in region of the vagus nerve are commonly called glomus vagale tumors because of their usual close association with the vagus nerve (see the image below). (naqlafshk.com)
Catecholamines1
  • Sympathetic paraganglia consist of chromaffin cells and are involved in the secretion of catecholamines (norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine), while parasympathetic paraganglia consist of glomus (nonchromaffin) cells and act as chemoreceptors [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Hypoxia5
  • Vasopressin has been found to inhibit the response of glomus cells to hypoxia, presumably because the usual response to hypoxia is vasodilation, which in case of hypovolemia should be avoided. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell responses to chronic hypoxia are determined by HIF-pool localized in the cytoplasm. (ulsu.ru)
  • Oxygen-sensing to acute hypoxia in cells is preconditioned by molecular mechanisms involving potassium channels of plasma cell membranes and associated juxtamembrane complexes. (ulsu.ru)
  • Molecular intracellular reactions to interval hypoxia are triggered by the prooxidant process activation in the mitochondria of cells. (ulsu.ru)
  • Semenza G. Dynamic regulation of stem cell specification and maintenance by hypoxia-inducible factors. (ulsu.ru)
Tumors12
  • Glomus jugulare tumors are rare, slow-growing, hypervascular tumors that arise within the jugular foramen of the temporal bone and frequently involve the lower cranial nerves. (medscape.com)
  • thus, they are also referred to as glomus jugulare tumors. (medscape.com)
  • [ 3 ] Glomus tumors are also referred to as chemodectomas or nonchromaffin paragangliomas. (medscape.com)
  • [ 7 ] Vascular tumors of the middle ear had previously been reported, but Rosenwasser was the first to recognize the origin of these tumors from the glomus jugulare. (medscape.com)
  • Glomus jugulare tumors occur predominantly in women in the fifth and sixth decades of life. (medscape.com)
  • Because of the location and extent of involvement, glomus jugulare tumors present significant diagnostic, management, and social challenges. (medscape.com)
  • Glomus jugulare tumors are challenging to treat because of their vascularization and location. (medscape.com)
  • Imaging is the primary investigative modality for glomus tumors of the head and neck (paragangliomas). (naqlafshk.com)
  • Glomus tumors are displayed in the images below. (naqlafshk.com)
  • Although glomus tympanicum tumors are the most common primary neoplasms of the middle ear, these tumors are the rarest of head and neck glomus tumors. (naqlafshk.com)
  • Although glomus tumors usually appear as solitary lesions at 1 site, multiple lesions at multiple sites are not uncommon (see the image below). (naqlafshk.com)
  • Multiple glomus tumors. (naqlafshk.com)
Paraganglioma2
  • Neoplasms of glomus cells are known as paraganglioma, among other names, they are generally non-malignant. (wikipedia.org)
  • Has been called a glomus tumour and chemodectoma or paraganglioma. (abcmedicalnotes.com)
Mechanisms2
  • The coupling of the decrease in P o 2 to the exocytotic machinery responsible for the release of neurotransmitters in chemoreceptor cells (i.e., the chemotransduction process) is incompletely understood, but it is well documented that plasma membrane mechanisms are involved. (aspetjournals.org)
  • This review discusses the interactional characteristics of the three mechanisms of oxygen-sensing cells. (ulsu.ru)
Dopamine1
  • The signalling within the chemoreceptors is thought to be mediated by the release of neurotransmitters by the glomus cells, including dopamine, noradrenaline, acetylcholine, substance P, vasoactive intestinal peptide and enkephalins. (wikipedia.org)
Transduction1
Chemodectoma1
Metabolic1
Physiological1
  • This gene subfamily is constitutively active at physiological resting membrane potentials in excitable cells, including smooth muscle cells, and has been particularly linked to the human pulmonary circulation. (ersjournals.com)
Selective1
  • They span the membrane of cells, allowing the selective permeation of K + ions from one side of the membrane to the other, usually from the inside of the cell to the outside. (ersjournals.com)
Skull base1
  • Computed tomography scan demonstrates a permeative destructive skull-base mass with involvement of the mastoid air cells. (naqlafshk.com)
Nerve1
Solitary1
  • Centrally the axons of neurons which innervate glomus type I cells synapse in the caudal portion of the solitary nucleus in the medulla. (wikipedia.org)
Regulate1
  • They regulate the excitability of cells and contribute to their resting membrane potential [ 1 , 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Oxygen1
  • For their analysis, the authors chose articles on molecular oxygen sensing Metazoan tissue cells, mainly animals. (ulsu.ru)
Adult1
  • List of distinct cell types in the adult human body Lahiri S, Semenza G, Prabhakar NR, eds. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane1
  • The stimulus (O2, CO2, PH) depolarizes the cell membrane blocking K channels, this reduction in cell membrane potential opens voltage gated Calcium channels and the increase in Calcium concentration causes exocytosis of vesicles containing neurotransmitters. (khanacademy.org)
Type II cells2
  • Glomus type II cells are sustentacular cells having a similar supportive function to glial cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Glomus type II cells are not innervated. (wikipedia.org)
Release1
  • Glomus type I cells are secretory sensory neurons that release neurotransmitters in response to hypoxemia (low pO2), hypercapnia (high pCO2) or acidosis (low pH). (wikipedia.org)
Blood1
  • Chemoreceptor cells are the CB elements that sense blood P o 2 and P co 2 /[H + ], being activated when P o 2 decreases and P co 2 /[H + ] increases. (aspetjournals.org)
Represent2
  • We conclude that almitrine inhibits selectively the Ca 2+ -dependent K + channel and that in rat chemoreceptor cells, this inhibition could represent an important mechanism of action underlying the therapeutic actions of the drug. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Paraganglia represent groups of paraneurons derived from neural crest cells during embryonic development and are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic. (encyclopedia.pub)
Neural1
  • Glomus type I cells are embryonically derived from the neural crest. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment1
  • DCZ0415 treatment at this dose induced apoptosis and suppressed colony forming abilities of U87 cells. (selcukmedj.org)
Effect3
  • The inhibitory effect of almitrine on Ca 2+ -dependent K + channels also was observed in GH3 cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The possible anticancer effect of DCZ0415 on U87 cells was determined by cytotoxicity, colony formation, and apoptosis assays. (selcukmedj.org)
  • DCZ0415, an inhibitor of TRIP13 which has been evaluated as a new oncogenic factor in cancer, has an anticancer effect on GBM cells. (selcukmedj.org)
Thought1
  • In this respect, it is thought that TRIP13 may be an important therapeutic target for GBM and DCZ0415 may be considered as an effective inhibitor that causes anticancer effects in GBM cells. (selcukmedj.org)
Channels1
Levels1
  • Sensing the level of O2 and CO2 is an essential factor for the brain to know how fast the lungs need to fill and empty to keep the O2 levels high enough and the CO2 levels low enough to keep all of the cells of the body healthy. (khanacademy.org)
Study1
  • We aimed to investigate the anticancer activity of DCZ0415, a small molecule inhibitor of TRIP13, in U87 human GBM cells in this study. (selcukmedj.org)