AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2aMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2bMultiple Endocrine NeoplasiaProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retCarcinoma, MedullaryGastrinomaPheochromocytomaAdrenal Gland NeoplasmsHyperparathyroidism, PrimaryParathyroid NeoplasmsZollinger-Ellison SyndromeGerm-Line MutationThyroid NeoplasmsHyperparathyroidismProto-Oncogene ProteinsPituitary NeoplasmsInsulinomaNeuromaReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesAngiofibromaPancreatic NeoplasmsPedigreeChromosomes, Human, Pair 11Bone Demineralization, PathologicThyroidectomyNeuroendocrine TumorsAdenomaParathyroidectomyCalcitoninAdenoma, Islet CellEndocrine Gland NeoplasmsMetanephrineDuodenal NeoplasmsCarcinoid Tumorvon Hippel-Lindau DiseaseHirschsprung DiseaseGlucagonomaParathyroid GlandsDrosophila ProteinsGenetic TestingGanglioneuromaProlactinomaParagangliomaMutationProto-OncogenesLoss of HeterozygosityCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18VipomaChromosomes, Human, Pair 10NormetanephrineDNA Mutational AnalysisNeoplastic Syndromes, HereditaryMutation, MissenseLipomaAcromegalyParathyroid DiseasesPolymorphism, Single-Stranded ConformationalNeoplasm ProteinsPancreatectomyPoint MutationGastrinsAdrenalectomyHeterozygoteNeoplasms, Multiple PrimaryPhenotypeHyperplasiaThymus NeoplasmsGenes, Tumor SuppressorGrowth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary AdenomaExonsSyndromePancreaticoduodenectomyHypercalcemiaPolymerase Chain ReactionAdrenal GlandsDNA, NeoplasmParathyroid HormoneCodonThyroid GlandEndocrine GlandsThymectomyHeterozygote DetectionEndocrine System DiseasesOctreotideEndocrine SystemCyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27Frameshift MutationGenetic MarkersChromosome MappingGene DeletionCarcinomaTomography, X-Ray ComputedBase SequenceJapanAllelesFamily HealthSomatostatinGenetic LinkageSalivary Glands
MedullaryPituitaryTumorPheochromocytomaMEN2ASyndromesSyndromeThyroid cancerPheochromocytomasPrimary hyperparathyroidismMutationsNeoplasmsGeneticNodule in the thyroid glandDiseasesMammaryHyperparathyroidismCells of the thyroidTissuesCancerOrgansMalignantHormonesEndocrinologyBody'sBenignHereditaryFMTCOccurNeoplasmCARCINOMAPatientsAutosomal dominant patternSurgeryMetabolismAffectsMEN2FollicularSymptomsInsulinHyperthyroidismCharacteristicGenePosterior
Medullary27
Pituitary12
  • Hyperparathyroidism is the most common feature, followed by tumors of the pituitary gland, additional endocrine glands, and other organs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Peptides are the hormones secreted by the Pituitary Gland. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • TSH is made by the pituitary gland in the brain. (missouricancer.com)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland ( Fig 1a and b ) revealed a bulky pituitary gland with a 1.3 x 1.0 x 1.1 cm (transverse x height x anteroposterior dimensions) subtle roundish area in the central anterior part of the gland. (hkmj.org)
  • Repeat MRI of the pituitary gland 17 months after the lobectomy ( Fig 1c and d ) showed that the gland had decreased in size compared with its earlier size and the previously noted structural lesion had vanished. (hkmj.org)
  • In light of the co-existence of bronchial carcinoid and a history of a pituitary lesion, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) syndrome was suspected, but genetic testing could not detect any mutations. (hkmj.org)
  • a, b) T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland shows a 1.3 x 1.0 x 1.1 cm (transverse x height x anteroposterior) lesion in the central anterior part of the gland (arrows). (hkmj.org)
  • Most of them affect the thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary glands. (endocrinology-centers.com)
  • Also called multiple endocrine adenomatosis or Wermer's syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 is the result of mutations of the MEN1 gene, causing tumor growth on the parathyroid gland, and then on the pancreas or pituitary gland. (endocrinology-centers.com)
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 4 (MEN 4) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by adenomas and sometimes hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands and tumors of the pancreatic islet cells and/or pituitary gland. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN-1), loss-of-function germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene MEN1 increase the risk of developing pituitary, parathyroid and pancreatic islet tumors, and less commonly thymic carcinoids, lipomas and benign adrenocortical tumors. (intechopen.com)
  • In MEN I, the neoplasms typically originate from the pancreas, the parathyroid gland, and the pituitary gland. (picmonic.com)
Tumor8
  • MEN2 can present with a sign or symptom related to a tumor or, in the case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b, with characteristic musculoskeletal and/or lip and/or gastrointestinal findings. (wikipedia.org)
  • Subjects with MEN 2A may exhibit a rapid progression and carriers of MEN 2A associated mutations need regular monitoring because of their genetic predisposition to tumor development. (eurospe.org)
  • MEN can stimulate tumor growth on these glands, making them overproduce hormones and trigger symptoms like constipation, weight gain, and bone thinning. (endocrinology-centers.com)
  • Pancreatic endocrine tumor, also known as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), describes a group of endocrine tumors originating in the pancreas that are usually indolent and benign, but may have the potential to be malignant. (findzebra.com)
  • Herein we selected a Mendelian genetics form of familial cancer such as hereditary tumor syndromic endocrine neoplasias caused by highly penetrant germline mutations leading to pheochromocytoma-paraganglioma syndromes. (intechopen.com)
  • In cell culture systems, the luminal ERα + tumor cells are either outcompeted by other types of cells or the cells rapidly downmodulate ERα expression 5 . (nature.com)
  • Tumors in the pancreas include several tumor types including gastrinomas, insulinomas, VIPomas, and glucagonomas. (picmonic.com)
  • Depending on the type of pancreatic tumor, patients can present in a variety of ways, including ulcers, hypoglycemia, or hyperglycemia. (picmonic.com)
Pheochromocytoma6
MEN2A1
  • Type 2A (MEN2A): tumors or excessive growths form on at least two of the following three glands: thyroid, adrenal, or parathyroid. (endocrinology-centers.com)
Syndromes9
Syndrome7
Thyroid cancer12
  • Thyroid cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the thyroid gland. (uofmhealth.org)
  • There are different types of thyroid cancer. (uofmhealth.org)
  • Papillary thyroid cancer: The most common type of thyroid cancer. (missouricancer.com)
  • Other types of thyroid cancer can usually be cured. (cdc.gov)
  • Thyroid cancer starts in the thyroid, a gland at the base of the throat (below the Adam's apple). (patientworthy.com)
  • What are the types of thyroid cancer? (patientworthy.com)
  • The cause of thyroid cancer is not known, but the thyroid gland is very sensitive to radiation, which may cause cancerous changes. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type, accounting for 80 to 90% of all thyroid cancers. (merckmanuals.com)
  • The most common symptom of thyroid cancer is a lump or nodule in the thyroid gland or neck. (thyroidproadvice.com)
  • Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • 6,10,11 These fundamental biologic mechanisms have all been exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer 12 and theoretically offer promise for the treatment of breast and other types of cancer. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • Dr. Seib has clinical and research expertise in the surgical management of endocrine disorders in older adults, including primary hyperparathyroidism, thyroid cancer, and hyperthyroidism. (stanford.edu)
Pheochromocytomas2
  • According to the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) Endocrine and Head and Neck Disease Site Working Group, pheochromocytomas constitute about 4-8% of all adrenal incidentalomas, and approximately 21.1-57.6% of all pheochromocytomas are discovered incidentally on imaging studies. (medscape.com)
  • The most common is MEN-2A characterized by bilateral MTCs and pheochromocytomas, causing potentially deadly attacks of hypertension and tachyarrhythmias that are often more lethal than the MTC. (touchendocrinology.com)
Primary hyperparathyroidism1
Mutations7
Neoplasms2
  • and (b) those of epithelial type, which include neuroendocrine neoplasms from many sites. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasm type one is a group of neoplasms occurring together due to a specific gene mutation. (picmonic.com)
Genetic3
Nodule in the thyroid gland1
Diseases7
  • CONCLUSION: Prominent corneal nerves have been described in some diseases, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 and type 2A and 2B, congenital ichthyosis, Refsum's disease, leprosy, etc. (bvsalud.org)
  • Endocrinology also involves the study of the diseases of the endocrine system. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • The Endocrinology department at Aster Hospitals provides a full range of services for adult and pediatric patients with endocrine, metabolic diseases and Diabetes. (asterhospitals.ae)
  • Although the APUD concept provided a unifying theory for explaining some endocrine diseases and ectopic hormone productions, the hypothesis that the cells were all of neural crest origin, as postulated by Pearse, was later disproved by the experiments of LeDouarin ( 5 ) and others. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • This is why diseases that affect these glands can cause serious effects throughout the body. (endocrinology-centers.com)
  • A group of autosomal dominant diseases characterized by the combined occurrence of tumors involving two or more ENDOCRINE GLANDS that secrete PEPTIDE HORMONES or AMINES. (childrensmercy.org)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Mammary2
  • NIS is not only present in well-differentiated thyroid cancers, but is also found in other tissues such as the lacrimal ducts, salivary glands, gastric mucosa, and the lactating mammary gland, which accounts for some of the adverse effects of radioactive iodine ( 131 I) therapy. (touchendocrinology.com)
  • It is implicated in mammary gland, cardiac, and neural development. (umbc.edu)
Hyperparathyroidism2
Cells of the thyroid4
  • MEN 2A is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by tumors of the C cells of the thyroid, adrenal medulla and parathyroid glands. (eurospe.org)
  • Calcitonin is a hormone that is produced and released by the C-cells of the thyroid gland. (yourhormones.info)
  • Calcitonin is a hormone that is produced in humans by the parafollicular cells (commonly known as C-cells) of the thyroid gland . (yourhormones.info)
  • Hashimoto thyroiditis results when antibodies in the body attacks the cells of the thyroid gland-an autoimmune. (merckmanuals.com)
Tissues3
  • They generally occur in endocrine organs (e.g. thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenals), but may also occur in endocrine tissues of organs not classically thought of as endocrine. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is unclear why these tumors preferentially affect endocrine tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This unchecked cell division can lead to the formation of tumors in endocrine glands and other tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
Cancer4
  • Endocrine-Related Cancer. (ku.dk)
  • Different types of cancer develop from the different kinds of cells in the thyroid. (patientworthy.com)
  • Rather than causing the whole thyroid gland to enlarge, a cancer usually causes small growths (nodules) to develop within the thyroid. (merckmanuals.com)
  • 1] Condition such as pancreatic cancer or ovarian cancer can be considered endocrine tumors, or classified under other systems. (findzebra.com)
Organs2
  • The parathyroid glands are four pea-sized organs found in the neck near the thyroid. (uofmhealth.org)
  • The DNS consists of a wide variety of cells that are present in the central and peripheral nervous system and in many classic endocrine organs ( Table 11.1 ). (basicmedicalkey.com)
Malignant3
  • Many tumors that grow in the thyroid gland are benign, which means they are non-cancerous and won't spread, but some are malignant, which are cancerous and can spread to other body parts. (patientworthy.com)
  • These neoplasias are often benign but can be malignant. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Different types of benign (non-cancerous) growths and malignant (cancerous) tumors can develop in the thyroid gland. (medicareguide.com)
Hormones9
Endocrinology1
  • A web-based project by the Society for Endocrinology that aims to give patients and the general public access to reliable online information on endocrine science. (yourhormones.info)
Body's1
  • Multiple endocrine neoplasia is a group of disorders that affect the body's network of hormone-producing glands called the endocrine system. (medlineplus.gov)
Benign2
Hereditary1
FMTC1
  • Among the subtypes of type 2, type 2A is the most common form, followed by FMTC. (medlineplus.gov)
Occur1
  • Malignancy arising in mixed tumors of the salivary gland is a distinct entity that can occur sporadically or in association with a background of pleomorphic adenoma. (ijpmonline.org)
Neoplasm1
  • Case presentation This report describes a 41-year-old patient with complaint of itchy eyes and irritation, presenting with blocked gland orifices in the upper and lower eyelids, light conjunctival hyperemia, a semitransparent neoplasm measuring 2 mm*2 mm on the nasal limbus suggestive of neuromas, and prominent corneal nerves. (bvsalud.org)
CARCINOMA1
  • As compared to the previous edition, changes include a better definition of pre-invasive lesion, a reclassification of adenocarcinoma, the description of two new tumour types as variants of large cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and basaloid carcinoma, and a new class called pleomorphic carcinoma. (ersjournals.com)
Patients5
  • Patients who may be referred for imaging of the adrenal glands include those with new or worsening diabetes mellitus (owing to impaired glucose regulation) and those with hypertensive crisis after anesthesia, surgery, or treatment with medications. (medscape.com)
  • Imaging may also be performed in patients with a known history of multiple endocrine problems. (medscape.com)
  • The Endocrine Society recommends CT as the initial imaging study, but MRI is a better option in patients with metastatic disease or when radiation exposure must be limited. (medscape.com)
  • Patients who have had their thyroid gland removed, and have undetectable levels of calcitonin in their blood, show no adverse symptoms or signs as a result of this. (yourhormones.info)
  • Dr. Seib also completed a fellowship in Endocrine Surgery at UCSF, during which she cared for patients with complex disorders of the thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands. (stanford.edu)
Autosomal dominant pattern1
  • citation needed] When inherited, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is transmitted in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means affected people have one affected parent, and possibly affected siblings and children. (wikipedia.org)
Surgery3
Metabolism1
  • Journal of Clinical Endocrine & Metabolism 102(8):3591-3599, 2017. (mdanderson.org)
Affects2
  • multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 affects an estimated 1 in 35,000 people. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This small, butterfly-shaped gland at the lower front of your neck affects how well every cell, tissue and organ in your body works. (medicareguide.com)
MEN22
Follicular1
  • The steroid-producing endocrine cells of the adrenal cortex, ovary, and testis, as well as the thyroid hormone-producing follicular cells in the thyroid gland, do not form part of the DNS. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Symptoms2
Insulin1
  • Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) have been shown to induce proliferation of many types of cells. (oncotarget.com)
Hyperthyroidism1
  • On the flip side, when the gland produces too much hormone you can develop hyperthyroidism , leaving you feeling tired and nervous. (medicareguide.com)
Characteristic1
Gene1
  • Her mother, 31 years old, suffered from MEN 2A associated with a TGC/CGC RET (codon 634, exon 11) gene mutation. (eurospe.org)
Posterior1