• Whole genome cDNA microarrays as well as oligonucleotide microarrays including leukocyte-relevant genes will be used to characterize potential hgh-specific genes by comparing gene expression profiles of treated and untreated cells. (wada-ama.org)
  • DNA microarrays can be used in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to compare patient and control populations to identify DNA variants that can contribute to disease risk. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Transcribed RNA levels are often measured by hybridization to microarrays of oligonucleotide probes, in which each transcript is represented by multiple probes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Data reduction is an issue because Affymetrix GeneChip oligonucleotide microarrays assay each target mRNA with a set of 11 to 16 pairs of 25-nucleotide DNA probes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In short, the behavior of oligonucleotide microarrays is not adequately explained by models that only consider base complementarity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The main advantage of aCGH over conventional CGH is the increased resolution achieved by microarrays with a large number of individual probes, routinely up to hundreds of thousands, covering the entire genome [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study aimed at the identification of prognostic gene expression markers in early primary colorectal carcinomas without metastasis at the time point of surgery by analyzing genome-wide gene expression profiles using oligonucleotide microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene expression profiling was performed using Whole Human Genome 4x44K Oligonucleotide Microarrays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Besides demonstrating that the probe selection method can be used to study the ovine transcriptome, the benefits of this approach are that it can greatly increase the number of annotated and novel genes that can be studied beyond those currently possible using ovine- or bovine-specific microarrays. (cambridge.org)
  • This same method also has the potential to allow the study of other species where species-specific microarrays are not available or whose genomes have not been comprehensively characterised. (cambridge.org)
  • Arrayit Pathways™ Focused Human Genome Microarrays enable targeted gene expression analysis of every major cellular pathway in the human body. (arrayit.com)
  • The content is derived from our high performance H25K human genome microarrays, which contain a complete set of 25,509 fully annotated human genes representing every gene in the human genome. (arrayit.com)
  • Pathways™ Microarrays offer the highest sensitivity and specificity of any product on the market, empowered by long-mer oligonucleotides, proprietary attachment and surface chemistry, and a unique one gene-one spot™ design. (arrayit.com)
  • P13 - AKT Signaling Pathways™ Focused Human Genome Microarrays contain 89 long-mer capture agents for 89 genes involved in the human P13 - AKT signaling pathway, printed on 25 x 76 mm glass substrate slides, 10 microarrays per kit. (arrayit.com)
  • The use of advanced bioinformatics, ultra-pure oligonucleotides, superior surface chemistry and advanced microarray cleanroom manufacturing facilities guarantees that Pathways™ Microarrays outperform the highest industry standards. (arrayit.com)
  • These microarrays are designed using the complete, fully annotated human genome sequence using sophisticated one spot-one gene™ informatics, useding highest gene content available. (arrayit.com)
  • The 2 most common microarray technologies in use are the oligonucleotide microarrays and the robotically spotted complementary DNA (cDNA) microarrays. (medscape.com)
  • Oligonucleotide microarrays are manufactured by Affymetrix (Santa Clara, Calif) using photolithographic techniques. (medscape.com)
  • In this study, we conducted a comprehensive chicken gene expression profiling using oligonucleotide-based Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome Arrays. (usda.gov)
  • These chicken genome arrays have considerable promise as a valuable tool in understanding the molecular mechanism regulating MDV cytolytic and latent infection, and providing insights into the chicken gene expression pattern and associated biological pathways in response to different phases of viral pathogenesis. (usda.gov)
  • In addition, oligonucleotide probes are used to analyse gene expression. (scientistlive.com)
  • Using an oligonucleotide-based microarray, we normalized the transcriptomic data by genomic DNA signals in order to have access to inter-gene comparison data. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The effect of Buchnera genome evolution on gene expression levels has also been analysed in order to assess the constraints imposed by the obligate symbiosis with aphids, underlining the importance of some gene sets for the survival of the two partners. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After confirming SSH-genes to be differentially expressed in a series of microarray experiments, oligonucleotide probes will be designed for both SSH-genes and the candidate genes identified along gene expression profiling using whole genome/leukocyte relevant arrays. (wada-ama.org)
  • Results obtained from gene expression profiling utilising whole genome arrays were in accordance with published data. (wada-ama.org)
  • Gene probes can be used to locate specific segments of normal or mutated DNA. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Gene probes can detect a number of disorders before and after birth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Over the last two decades, studies based on genome-wide gene expression and functional profiling have revealed the great diversity of transcriptional alterations occurring in liver carcinogenesis. (aging-us.com)
  • However, the rabbit genome is still sparsely annotated, thus prohibiting extensive functional analysis of gene sets derived from whole-genome experiments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene coexpression analysis refers to the en masse discovery of coexpressed genes from a large variety of transcriptomic experiments. (mdpi.com)
  • In this study, we demonstrate that gDNA-based probe selection on the Affymetrix Human U133+2 GeneChip array can be used to study gene expression profiles in sheep tissues. (cambridge.org)
  • With our probe' says Baik, 'the target gene within the chromosome can be localized with the ssDNA-SWNT conjugates, and this method can be used for the in situ detection of the specific genome in cells, tissue sections or infectious agents with the possibility of long term storage and re-evaluation of the results in the future. (nanowerk.com)
  • Phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides are widely used to interrogate gene function in whole organisms, and light-activatable derivatives can reveal spatial and temporal differences in gene activity. (cdc.gov)
  • Because the locations of the probes are known, the intensity and pattern of the labeled mRNA can be used to measure the expression of the targeted gene. (medscape.com)
  • As the sequencing and gene annotation projects of entire genomes of many species are headed towards completion (see, e.g. [13] ), massive mapping efforts in biology are now focused on how the genes interact. (lu.se)
  • Since genes are composed of a given alphabet (A, T, C, G) with fixed pairing properties A-T and C-G, probes can be constructed that attract gene transcripts extracted from cell tissues and cultures. (lu.se)
  • Using such probes, one can obtain a fingerprint of the gene expression activity in a macroscopic sample. (lu.se)
  • Fluorescence Probing, Da An Gene Co. (bvsalud.org)
  • These arrays contain probes for 32,773 chicken transcripts corresponding to more than 28,000 chicken genes. (usda.gov)
  • Indeed, bacterial genomes carry, on average, from 78% (for genomes containing the polymerase PolC) to 58% (for the other genomes) of their genes on the leading strand [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To establish a selective "hgh-chip" the newly designed oligonucleotide probes for the hghcandidate genes will be printed on a microarray. (wada-ama.org)
  • However, this analysis requires accurate reference genomes to identify the specific genes from which RNA reads originate. (osti.gov)
  • Sample-specific meta-genomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were used as reference genomes to accurately identify the origin of RNA reads, and transcript ratios of genes with opposite transcription responses were compared to eliminate biases related to differences in organismal abundance, an approach hereafter named the "diametric ratio" method. (osti.gov)
  • For example, rabbit is not included in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) which is widely used for biological pathway analysis [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This approach can greatly increase the number of potential annotated genes that can be studied beyond that which is currently available, particularly for species that do not have comprehensively characterised genomes. (cambridge.org)
  • The 5′ two-thirds of the genome contains two ORFs (ORF 1a and ORF 1b) that encode 15-16 nonstructural proteins (nsps), and the other one-third of the genome consists largely of genes encoding structural and accessory proteins [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This technology is ideal for examining genes in specific pathways or for follow-up experiments (targeted resequencing) from whole genome sequencing (WGS). (idtdna.com)
  • The xGen Exome Research Panel v2 spans a 34 Mb target region (19,433 genes) of the human genome and covers 39 Mb of end-to-end tiled probe space. (idtdna.com)
  • 1 In particular, morpholino oligonucleotides (MOs) have been used to block the expression of targeted genes in several invertebrate and vertebrate models. (cdc.gov)
  • [ 1 ] the Cancer Genome Anatomy Project index of tumor genes has classified more than 40,000 genes directly or indirectly involved in one or more cancers. (medscape.com)
  • In this linearized probe the universal PCR primer sequences are located at the 5' and 3' ends and the captured genomic target becomes part of the internal segment of the probe. (wikipedia.org)
  • Probe sequences (50-mer oligonucleotides) were uniquely mapped to the reference human genome hg18 (NCBI36) using BLAT, allowing up to 2 mismatches and 1 gap. (nih.gov)
  • This technology involves breaking the entire genome into small segments, sequencing the segments, and then reassembling the sequences using intensive computational techniques to provide the base-by-base sequence of the entire genome or more limited regions, such as the expressed portion of the genome known as the exome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The probes contain complementary sequences that hybridize to the target sequence. (genomeweb.com)
  • Spoligotyping: Identifies the M. tuberculosis genotype based on presence or absence of spacer sequences found in a direct-repeat region of the M. tuberculosis genome where 43 identical sequences and 36 base pairs are interspersed by spacer sequences. (cdc.gov)
  • This process is repeated to build specific oligonucleotide sequences. (medscape.com)
  • If the identification of the captured genomic target is performed using array-based hybridization approaches, the internal region may optionally contain a probe-specific tag sequence that uniquely identifies the given probe as well as a tag-release site, which, similar to the probe-release site, is also a restriction site. (wikipedia.org)
  • Similar to MIP, padlock probes are single stranded DNA molecules with two 20-nucleotide long segments complementary to the target connected by a 40-nucleotide long linker sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results represent the first complete WNV genome sequence obtained directly from human CSF and the first time that infectious WNV has been recovered from a patient with encephalitis in North America. (cdc.gov)
  • For the future direction, we need the in-depth genome sequence information and analysis for most of the mammals, including human to fully understand genome variation of economic traits, genetic susceptibility to diseases, and pharmacogenomics of drug response. (springer.com)
  • Different types of probes may investigate a broad range of sizes of DNA sequence. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a type of microarray now routinely used to identify deleted or duplicated regions of DNA sequence in specific chromosomes on a genome-wide basis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • To determine if other GLRaVs were present, 21 dormant cane samples were screened with a comprehensive 70-mer oligonucleotide microarray designed to simultaneously detect all grapevine viruses with total or partial genomic sequence available. (apsnet.org)
  • Each pair of probes consists of a perfect match (PM) sequence and a mismatch (MM) sequence, the latter intended to estimate nonspecific binding. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RMA provides statistically robust averaging methods, dChip fits a model that allows probe-specific binding affinities, and PDNN fits a model that allows sequence-specific binding affinities and nearest-neighbor stacking interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In-solution capture utilizes pools of oligonucleotides or probes bound to magnetic beads, whose sequence has been designed to hybridize to exon regions. (digitaljournal.com)
  • While there are approximately 180,000 exons in the human genome, constituting less than 2% of total sequence, the exome contains ~80-90% of known disease causing variants making it a cost-effective alternative to whole genome sequencing. (digitaljournal.com)
  • A polymerase then fills in the target sequence, and a ligation reaction captures the sequence within a circularized single-stranded probe. (genomeweb.com)
  • For the filovirus panel, the researchers identified conserved regions for probe hybridization that also contained viral sequence to differentiate the filovirus isolates. (genomeweb.com)
  • TRS-L, which is located at the 5′ terminus of the coronavirus genome, shares high sequence identity with TRS-B. TRS-L acts as an acceptor for the complementary TRS-B donor sequence during sgmRNA synthesis [ 5 ] through a similarity-assisted copy-choice mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nanowerk Spotlight ) Researchers in South Korea used single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) to tag single-stranded DNA to locate a particular sequence of DNA within a complex genome. (nanowerk.com)
  • In a recent paper, titled 'The DNA hybridization assay using single-walled carbon nanotubes as ultrasensitive, long-term optical labels' the Korean scientists present single- stranded DNA (ssDNA)-coated SWNT probes to locate a particular sequence of DNA. (nanowerk.com)
  • Non-natural oligonucleotides are valuable probes of biological systems, as they can convey synthetic control of endogenous nucleic acids with high sequence specificity. (cdc.gov)
  • Existing methods for measuring transcript levels in single cells include RT-qPCR (1), single molecule counting using digital PCR (2) or hybridization probes (3, 4), and next generation sequencing (5). (justia.com)
  • Using aCGH, the entire genome can be tested (queried). (msdmanuals.com)
  • While next generation sequencing enables researchers to unveil expression levels of the entire genome, qRT-PCR remains the gold standard for measuring transcript level. (bitesizebio.com)
  • For generating a comparable rhesus macaque CNV dataset, we designed a rhesus macaque-specific array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) platform containing 950,843 unique 60-mer oligonucleotide probes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This custom aCGH platform was applied to the genomes of 17 unrelated macaques, resulting in the identification of 1,160 CNVs (Table S2 in Additional file 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The captured target can also be identified by sequencing the probe, now also containing the target. (wikipedia.org)
  • This set of tracks shows the genomic positions of probes and targets from a full suite of in-solution-capture target enrichment exome kits for Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) applications. (ucsc.edu)
  • With the ongoing developments of high throughput sequencing machines and advancement of modern bioinformatics tools at unprecedented pace, the target goal of sequencing individual genomes of living organism at a cost of $1,000 each is seemed to be realistically feasible in the near future. (springer.com)
  • The completion of the first human genome drafts (Yamey 2000 ) was just a start of the modern DNA sequencing era which resulted in further invention, improved development toward new advanced strategies of high-throughput DNA sequencing, so called the " high-throughput next generation sequencing " (HT-NGS). (springer.com)
  • During this period, tremendous success has been achieved in the fields of decoding of human genome, technological advancement of new era of human genome applications, toward personalized genomes and discovery of rare variants, leveraging genome sequencing to impact on cancer researches and mammalian evolution and population structure. (springer.com)
  • However, the sheer volume of information generated by sequencing the exome or genome results in a variety of interpretive problems that complicate understanding of the results. (msdmanuals.com)
  • During this time, he invented the first single cell DNA sequencing method (Single-Nucleus-Sequencing) for sequencing the genome of a mammalian cell (Navin et al. (mdanderson.org)
  • When choosing between exome and whole genome sequencing (WGS), consider that exome sequencing has the advantage that oligonucleotides are designed to particular genomic regions where typical coverage with WGS is not enough for SNP calling. (digitaljournal.com)
  • Minogue said that BioInnovation's targeted sequencing panel would likely be an "interim solution" until the field moves toward whole-genome sequencing. (genomeweb.com)
  • This relationship will leverage IDT's unrivalled proficiency in the manufacture and quality control of long oligonucleotides and TBUSA's expertise in developing low-input solutions for next-generation sequencing (NGS) applications under the Clontech brand. (takarabio.com)
  • IDT's unique approach to probe synthesis delivers improved sequencing performance by providing deeper, more uniform coverage of targeted regions. (takarabio.com)
  • John Havens, Vice-President of Business Development at IDT, said, "We are excited to partner with TBUSA to develop this product that will be of immense benefit to genomics research, helping scientists to resolve questions unanswered by genome sequencing. (takarabio.com)
  • Fragment length had so far been the main challenge for cloning probes and the genome sequencing field at large. (labiotech.eu)
  • Once a probe kit is developed, anchored hybrid enrichment is superior to traditional PCR-based Sanger sequencing in terms of both the amount of genomic data that can be recovered and effective cost. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Phylogenomic analyses have been made possible by the dramatically decreasing costs of genome/transcriptome sequencing of non-model organisms [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In order to generate these comprehensive phylogenomic data sets, several cost-effective alternatives to whole genome or transcriptome sequencing have been proposed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These probes hybridize to genomic fragments containing the loci of interest, allowing them to be amplified and sequenced using high-throughput sequencing. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, once a probe kit is developed the cost of a project increases primarily by the number of taxa added (unlike Sanger sequencing which increases by the number of taxa and loci added) [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) focuses on specific regions of interest in the genome. (idtdna.com)
  • The panels consist of individually synthesized and quality-controlled xGen Hyb Probes that are designed for use with the xGen Hybridization Capture Core Reagents to perform targeted sequencing. (idtdna.com)
  • Implications of Error-Prone Long-Read Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing on Characterizing Reference Microbiomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Multiplex analysis Although each probe examines one specific genomic locus, multiple probes can be combined into a single tube for multiplexed assay that simultaneously examines multiple loci. (wikipedia.org)
  • The detection assay includes oligonucleotide primers and dual-labeled hydrolysis (Taqman-style) probes for the in vitro quantifiable detection of HAV. (pagefreezer.com)
  • The key to the PARPtrap™ Combo Assay Kit are the fluorescent-labeled DNA probes recognized by PARP1 and PARP2. (mitokor.com)
  • Captured target enrichment If the probe is linearized, traditional PCR amplification is performed to enrich the captured target using the universal primers of the probe. (wikipedia.org)
  • The array contained 570 unique probes designed against specific regions of more than 40 viral genomes (E. Engel et al. (apsnet.org)
  • Join Theo Roth as he describes his lab's novel CRISPR-Cas9 genome-targeting system that does not require viral vectors to modify T cell genomes, but instead focuses on. (bitesizebio.com)
  • The xGen SARS-CoV-2 Hyb Panel for research spans the complete viral genome and is not susceptible to known and novel mutations arising from diverse strains. (idtdna.com)
  • Highly multiplexed oligonucleotide probe-ligation testing enables efficient extraction-free SARS-CoV-2 detection and viral genotyping. (cdc.gov)
  • Only two genome-wide significant loci associated with longevity have been identified so far, probably because of insufficient sample sizes of centenarians, whose genomes may harbor genetic variants associated with health and longevity. (scite.ai)
  • This molecular tool is called long adapter single-stranded oligonucleotide, or LASSO for short. (labiotech.eu)
  • In this webinar, Dr. Stephen Pettitt explains how he applies genome-wide targeted mutagenesis screens to elucidate the genetic basis of drug resistance. (bitesizebio.com)
  • The tool managed to simultaneously clone over 3000 DNA fragments of the genome of E. coli , capturing around 75% of the targets and leaving almost all of the non-targeted DNA alone, and the study's authors say there's still certainly room for improvement. (labiotech.eu)
  • Recent genome-wide meta-analyses have identified 24 genomic loci linked to variation in intelligence, but much about its genetic underpinnings remains to be discovered. (scite.ai)
  • VNTR-MIRU: Distinguishes the M. tuberculosis strains by the difference in the number of copies of tandem repeats at specific regions, or loci, of the M. tuberculosis genome. (cdc.gov)
  • Several alternative methods have been proposed to combine multiple probe-specific values into a single expression estimate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To identify CNVs, we required a minimum of five consecutive probes with log 2 ratios significantly deviating from 0 (Figure S1 in Additional file 2 ), and conducted extensive supporting analyses (Supporting methods in Additional file 3 and Figure S2 in Additional file 2 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • While exome capture methods using PCR, hybrid capture and molecular inversion probes exist, the most common and efficient strategies are in-solution capture methods. (digitaljournal.com)
  • These laboratories routinely use two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods on all M. tuberculosis isolates: spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) and variable-number tandem repeat of mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (VNTR-MIRU). (cdc.gov)
  • Baik says he hopes that future experiments show that multiple oligonucleotide complexes bind with a single nanotube since the length of the nanotube is much longer than that of the DNA complexes. (nanowerk.com)
  • Otherwise, rolling circle amplification is performed for the circular probe. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microfluidic devices employing active valving to position and isolate cells have allowed for the isolation and genome amplification of individual microbial cells (32). (justia.com)
  • Hybridization capture uses biotinylated oligonucleotide probes to capture regions of interest, while amplification uses PCR for target enrichment (see Table 1). (idtdna.com)
  • In BioInnovation's PLOS One paper, the researchers describe a panel that includes probes for the five ebolaviruses - Sudan, Ebola, Reston, Taï Forest, and Bundibugyo - as well as three Marburg virus variants - Musoke, Ci67, and Angola. (genomeweb.com)
  • We have explored the possible conservation of relationships between mRNA abundances and chromosomal organization in the highly reduced genome of Buchnera aphidicola , the primary endosymbiont of the aphids, and a close relative to Escherichia coli . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite an important reduction in its genome size and an apparent decay of its capacity for regulating transcription, this work reveals a significant correlation between mRNA abundances and chromosomal organization of the aphid-symbiont Buchnera . (biomedcentral.com)
  • The use of recombinant inbred lines allows an estimate of the heritability of expression measured by individual probes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The leading genome research centers and scientists have publicly recognized that these are the core enabling goals for the next decade genomics research. (springer.com)
  • The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) has echoed this need through its vision for genomics research (Collins et al. (springer.com)
  • Previously, a probe-selection method based on hybridisation of genomic DNA (gDNA) was developed, which enables GeneChips to be used for species that they were not designed for. (cambridge.org)
  • Then, the lipid reactive oxygen species in PANC-1 cells was estimated by using C11-BODIPY581/591 probe. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, for many phylogenetic questions, a dense, comprehensive sampling of genomes/transcriptomes is a still prohibitively expensive enterprise. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The total genetic content is referred to as the genome. (cdc.gov)
  • Specific sections of the M. tuberculosis genome form distinct genetic patterns that help distinguish different strains of M. tuberculosis . (cdc.gov)
  • these probes hybridize to and capture the genomic target. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular Inversion Probe (MIP) belongs to the class of Capture by Circularization molecular techniques for performing genomic partitioning, a process through which one captures and enriches specific regions of the genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • The design of the molecular inversion probes (MIP) originated from padlock probes, a molecular biology technique first reported by Nilsson et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • This presents a significant challenge where whole-genome technologies are used to characterize molecular and cellular events. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gap filling The gap is filled by DNA polymerase using free nucleotides and the ends of the probe are ligated by ligase, resulting in a fully circularized probe. (wikipedia.org)
  • With the newly designed probe kit this analysis could be rapidly expanded with further sampling, opening the door to more comprehensive analyses targeting problem areas in syrphid phylogenetics and ecology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here we report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Han Chinese with a sample size 2.7 times the largest previously published GWAS on centenarians. (scite.ai)
  • In the study, the researchers used the DxSeq capture technology, which involves the use of linear oligonucleotide probes. (genomeweb.com)
  • As a proof of concept , the researchers set out to test LASSO probes in biotech's favorite microorganism, E. coli . (labiotech.eu)
  • Year 2011 is celebrated as the 10th anniversary since the human genome was first sequenced ( www.nature.com/natureconferences/hg10years/index.html ). (springer.com)
  • DNA Methylation Profiling of Uniparental Disomy Subjects Provides a Map of Parental Epigenetic Bias in the Human Genome. (nih.gov)
  • Human longevity is heritable, but genome-wide association (GWA) studies have had limited success. (scite.ai)
  • MIP stands unique from other genomic partitioning strategies in that MIP probes share the common design of two genomic target complementary segments separated by a linker region. (wikipedia.org)
  • Specifically, the two target complementary regions at the 5' and 3' ends of the probe become adjacent to one another while the internal linker region forms a free hanging loop. (wikipedia.org)
  • After a denaturation followed by an annealing step, the target-complementary ends of the probe are hybridized to the target DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • We describe here a new class of caged morpholino oligonucleotides that can be activated by the bacterial nitroreductase NfsB. (cdc.gov)
  • If array-based approach is used, the probe may optionally contain a probe-specific tag that uniquely identifies the probe as well as the genomic region targeted by it. (wikipedia.org)
  • We used this approach to probe the environmental conditions experienced by Escherichia spp. (osti.gov)
  • With this design, when the probe hybridizes to the target, it undergoes an inversion in configuration (as suggested by the name of the technique) and circularizes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anneal probe to genomic target DNA Probes are added to the genomic DNA sample. (wikipedia.org)
  • These probes, however, are designed such that a gap delimited by the hybridized ends of the probes remains over the target region. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genome- and transcriptome-wide off-target analyses of an improved cytosine base editor. (zhangtaolab.org)
  • Exonucleases remove the non-circularized probes and the off-target DNA that is not captured. (genomeweb.com)
  • A subsequent study experimentally identified the leaderless genome and sgmRNAs in bovine coronavirus (BCoV) [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We are proud to announce this collaboration with IDT, the world leader in high quality oligonucleotide design and synthesis. (takarabio.com)
  • During coronavirus infection, in addition to synthesis of the coronavirus genome (referred to as coronavirus replication), a 3′-coterminal nested set of subgenomic mRNAs (sgmRNAs) are also produced (in referred to as coronavirus transcription), from which structural and accessory proteins are translated [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, it has also been demonstrated that, in addition to the genome, longer sgmRNAs can also serve as templates for the synthesis of shorter sgmRNAs, extending the coronavirus transcription mechanism [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Spacer modifications C3, C6, C9, C12 and triethylene glycol Spacer 9 and 18 are used to insert a spacer arm in an oligonucleotide. (genelink.com)
  • Several MO caging strategies have been devised, employing hairpin structures, 7 intermolecular duplexes, 8 , 9 nucleobase modifications, 10 or oligonucleotide cyclization. (cdc.gov)
  • For proteins, no obvious such probe technique exists. (lu.se)
  • While these observations were made on free-living bacteria, very few data exist on symbiotic bacteria characterized by reduced genomes, shaped by their adaptation to the host metabolic requirements and by their high evolution rate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We propose a strategy to circumvent these problems by taking copy number imbalances into account during normalization, and we test the proposed strategy using several data sets from the analysis of cancer genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Data obtained from analyzing RNA will provide scientists with more information than can be gained from looking at the genome alone. (takarabio.com)
  • After binding to genomic DNA, these probes are pulled down and washed, allowing exon regions to be selectively sequenced. (digitaljournal.com)
  • High-resolution microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) techniques have successfully been applied to study copy number imbalances in a number of settings such as the analysis of cancer genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Spacer C12 is a 12-carbon spacer that is used to incorporate a long spacer arm into an oligonucleotide. (genelink.com)
  • Spacer C12 is frequently used for solid-phase immobilization of DNA probes or aptamers for microarray applications (1,2), but can be used for any oligonucleotide-based application requiring a long spacer arm. (genelink.com)