• Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is the causative pathogen of chikungunya fever , a mosquito -borne viral disease causing highly debilitating arthralgia that can persist for months and progress to chronic arthritis . (bvsalud.org)
  • To overcome production limits, as well as other drawbacks of live- attenuated vaccines , we developed an in vivo liposome RNA delivery system to deliver the self -replicating RNA genome of CHIKV-NoLS directly into mice , allowing the recipients' body to produce the live- attenuated vaccine particles. (bvsalud.org)
  • The term "Chikungunya" often refers to both the virus (CHIKV) and the illness or fever (CHIKF) caused by this virus. (medscape.com)
  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) re-emerged as a globalized health threat fifteen years ago. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a Togaviridae virus, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. (mvm.com)
  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) originated in a sylvatic cycle of transmission between non-human animal hosts and vector mosquitoes in the forests of Africa. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To mitigate such spillover, it is first necessary to delineate the distributions of the sylvatic mosquito vectors of CHIKV, to identify the environmental factors that shape these distributions, and to determine the association of mosquito presence with key drivers of virus spillover, including mosquito and CHIKV abundance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mosquito-borne chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was first identified in Tanzania in 1953. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Until 2004, CHIKV was considered a minor tropical pathogen responsible for a small number of cases of chikungunya fever, typified by high fevers and severe joint pain but not death [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, in 2005 and 2006 chikungunya disease incidence surged, with more than 272,000 CHIKV cases and up to 225 deaths in the Indian Ocean islands as well as 1.5 million cases in India [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During CHIKV epidemics, the transmission cycle is from humans to mosquitoes, with no intervening amplifying host, and the virus can rapidly disseminate, infecting large numbers of persons. (cdc.gov)
  • On the basis of detailed clinical descriptions of the disease, chikungunya fever, it appears that CHIKV caused epidemics in the Caribbean (St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands) and the southeastern coastal United States during the early 19th century ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • ClustalW ( www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalw2/ ) was used to align the complete genome sequences with a variety of CHIKV sequences, representing the 3 genotypes, from GenBank. (cdc.gov)
  • The replication of CHIKV in the host results in genome mutation, making T-cells from CHIKV. (ijpsr.com)
  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) contamination due to an arthropod-borne virus turned into first found in Africa, CHIK-Virus additionally constrained in Southeast Asia. (ijpsr.com)
  • albopictus highlighting the co-ancestry of the different derived populations and the dissemination and transmission efficiencies for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). (pasteur.fr)
  • Results obtained in this study suggest that the local transmission of four arboviruses - dengue (DENV), chikungunya (CHIKV), zika (ZIKV) and yellow fever (YFV) viruses - by Ae . (tghn.org)
  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has become a global health problem. (blogspot.com)
  • CHIKV infection is currently identified by viral genome detection, using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), viral culture, and serologic testing for IgG and IgM by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) or ELISA. (blogspot.com)
  • In addition, we evaluated the OnSite Chikungunya IgM Combo Rapid Test CE (CTK Biotech, San Diego, CA, USA) for CHIKV infection. (blogspot.com)
  • Freeze-dried Chikungunya virus, strain UVE/CHIKV/UNK/XX/ROSS, complete ORF sequence. (european-virus-archive.com)
  • On this study, cDNA library screening using a pool of cDNA derived from interferon-treated human cells was combined with the MinION sequencer to determine cell genes inhibiting Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) replication. (master-sistemisanitari-medicinenonconvenzionali.org)
  • A new study by researchers at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis (WUSTL) has identified broadly neutralizing antibodies that protect against infection in mice from multiple, distantly related alphaviruses-including Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-that cause fever and debilitating joint pain. (genengnews.com)
  • Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection can cause some non-specific symptoms such as fever, arthralgia, and myalgia, similar to dengue and zika virus infection. (aip.org)
  • Given the huge burden that Chikungunya and Zika fevers impose to public health in the affected countries and the lack of effective interventions against them, the aim of this work was to evaluate the antiviral potential of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) - an iron-binding glycoprotein with broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties - in both CHIKV and ZIKV infections. (ufg.br)
  • In Brazil, the virus that stand out are the Dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), the last two first identified in 2014 and 2015 respectively, causing severe Public Health problems, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. (fapesp.br)
  • Chikungunya Virus (CHIKV) was first detected in 1952, during a febrile outbreak on the Makonde Plateau, a border area between Mozambique and Tanzania [1]. (actascientific.com)
  • CHIKV is a small (60 - 70 nm) spherical enveloped virus with single- stranded positive sense RNA molecule and belongs to the genus Alphavirus, which included more than 30 species of arthropod borne viruses [1], and the family Togaviridae (Figure 1). (actascientific.com)
  • CHIKV is now included in the re-emerging virus group, particularly due to its recent expansion in the Americas. (actascientific.com)
  • SHEEP ANTI-CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS Sheep anti Chikungunya virus antibody has been raised against recombinant CHIKV VLPs, expressed in mammalian cells. (maxanim.com)
  • Future virus adaptability to Aedes mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya virus infection has a clinical presentation that overlaps with that of Ross River virus infection (fever, rash, polyarthritis) and dengue fever transmitted by the same mosquitoes. (medscape.com)
  • Subsequently the virus jumped out of this ancestral cycle into a human-endemic transmission cycle vectored by anthropophilic mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chikungunya is a mosquito-based viral disease caused by the chikungunya virus - a Togaviridae virus, transmitted by mosquitoes. (meefro.com)
  • Interactions of the Insect-Specific Palm Creek Virus with Zika and Chikungunya Viruses in Aedes Mosquitoes. (salehlab.eu)
  • Defective viral genomes from chikungunya virus are broad-spectrum antivirals and prevent virus dissemination in mosquitoes. (salehlab.eu)
  • Chikungunya virus replication rate determines the capacity of crossing tissue barriers in mosquitoes. (salehlab.eu)
  • Differential Small RNA Responses against Co-Infecting Insect-Specific Viruses in Aedes albopictus Mosquitoes. (salehlab.eu)
  • Chikungunya: the specific interactions between the genotypes of mosquitoes and viruses have influenced Ae. (pasteur.fr)
  • Thus, the specific interactions between the genotypes of mosquitoes and viruses have influenced Ae. (pasteur.fr)
  • Today they set about to learn about viruses in mosquitoes from Alexander Franz of MU's Department of Veterinary Pathobiology. (missouri.edu)
  • He spoke to the scientists in attendance about the Chikungunya virus that is spread by mosquitoes to humans throughout the world and currently has no vaccine. (missouri.edu)
  • Previous efforts to use genome editing to prevent mosquitoes from spreading pathogens have been hampered by low mutation rates, poor survival of edited mosquitoes, and inefficient transmission of disrupted genes to offspring. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
  • Akbari and colleagues developed transgenic mosquitoes that stably express a bacterial Cas9 enzyme in the germline, enabling highly efficient genome editing using the CRISPR system. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
  • Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is a viral disease transmitted by mainly two species of mosquitoes - Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus . (actascientific.com)
  • Scientists are modifying the genome of A. aegypti mosquitoes by inserting a gene into the insect that prevents its offspring from surviving to adulthood. (wvu.edu)
  • Biotechnological approaches targeted toward ZIKV vector control include the development of transgenic mosquitoes to disrupt the genome pool of wild strains and use of an endosymbiotic bacterium to prevent replication of arboviruses within its vector. (bvsalud.org)
  • Arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) is defined as any virus that is transmitted to humans and/or other vertebrates by certain species of blood-feeding arthropods, mostly insects (flies and mosquitoes) and arachnids (ticks). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Most arboviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes, but some are transmitted by ticks, and one (Oropouche virus) is transmitted by midges. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The change allows the virus to use the Asian tiger mosquito (an invasive species) as a vector in addition to the more strictly tropical main vector, Aedes aegypti. (wikipedia.org)
  • Non-retroviral Endogenous Viral Element Limits Cognate Virus Replication in Aedes aegypti Ovaries. (salehlab.eu)
  • Individual co-variation between viral RNA load and gene expression reveals novel host factors during early dengue virus infection of the Aedes aegypti midgut. (salehlab.eu)
  • Uncovering the repertoire of endogenous flaviviral elements in Aedes mosquito genomes. (salehlab.eu)
  • Aedes aegypti are major carriers of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and zika viruses, and are rapidly becoming resistant to commonly used pesticides. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
  • The Aedes genus of mosquito transmits many viruses, including Zika, dengue, chikungunya, West Nile and yellow fever. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses are transmitted by the same mosquito species - Aedes Aegypti and Aedes albopictus - and exhibit similar symptoms in infected patients. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Zika, dengue and chikungunya are all viral diseases spread by the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti . (wvu.edu)
  • Chikungunya Disease Chikungunya disease is transmitted by the Aedes mosquito. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chikungunya fever is a self-remitting febrile viral illness that has been associated with frequent outbreaks in tropical countries of Africa and Southeast Asia. (medscape.com)
  • A separate outbreak of chikungunya fever was reported from Malegaon town in Nasik district, Maharashtra state, in the first two weeks of March 2006, resulting in over 2000 cases. (wikipedia.org)
  • In contrast to a mainly self-limiting condition called Zika fever, ZIKV infections in Brazil and beyond have been implicated in microcephaly and other congenital conditions - features that may be related to the virus' ability to infect neural progenitor cells, fetal brain tissue, and amniotic fluid, as shown in some recent studies. (genomeweb.com)
  • HLA class II allele polymorphism in an outbreak of chikungunya fever in Middle Andaman, India. (cdc.gov)
  • Association of ABO Blood Group Phenotype and Allele Frequency with Chikungunya Fever. (cdc.gov)
  • the specimens were collected during an epidemic of disease clinically compatible with chikungunya fever. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya fever has been in massive global jeopardy for the reason that mid-1950s. (ijpsr.com)
  • The emergence and reemergence of mosquito-borne diseases in Brazil such as yellow fever, zika, chikungunya, and dengue have had serious impacts on public health. (butantan.gov.br)
  • In this work, we carried out on-site training activities in genomic surveillance in partnership with the National Network of Public Health Laboratories that have led to the generation of 422 chikungunya virus genomes from 12 Brazilian states over the past two years (2021-2022), a period that has seen more than 312 thousand chikungunya fever cases reported in the country. (butantan.gov.br)
  • Researchers have identified 'broadly neutralizing' antibodies that protect against infection by multiple, distantly related alphaviruses-including Chikungunya virus (above)-that cause fever and debilitating joint pain. (genengnews.com)
  • Toscana virus can present serological cross-reactions with other phleboviruses, particularly those included in the Naples phlebovirus species (sandfly fever Naples virus, Granada virus, and to a lesser extent Arrabida, Balkan, Fermo, Saddaguia viruses) or Punique phlebovirus . (europa.eu)
  • Z ported human infections indicated that clinical characteris- ika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted virus in the tics of infection with ZIKV included fever, headache, mal- family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus . (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • Among these viruses, we could highlight those belonging to the Flaviviridae and Togaviridae families, which may cause clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infection, acute febrile to disease viral haemorrhagic fever and encephalitis. (fapesp.br)
  • Chikungunya fever, a re-emerging viral disease affecting both old and new world countries is caused by Chikungunya virus, an RNA virus belonging to Alphaviridae. (actascientific.com)
  • Alpha viruses are not found in the Antarctica, and they are also sensitive to temperature above 58°C. Ecological pattern and vector transmission of Alpha viruses is similar to many Flaviviruses like dengue fever virus and yellow fever virus. (actascientific.com)
  • But, compared with the painful fever, headache and joint pain often associated with chikungunya, which means 'to walk bent over' in the Kimakonde language, and dengue, also known as 'breakbone' or 'breakheart' fever, Zika is like a mild flu, and often comes and goes unnoticed. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Chikungunya disease usually presents with acute fever. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In July 2006, a team analyzed the virus' RNA and determined the genetic changes that have occurred in various strains of the virus and identified those genetic sequences which led to the increased virulence of recent strains. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, compared to other flaviviruses, USUV has received less research attention and there is therefore limited access to whole-genome sequences and also to in-depth phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses. (frontiersin.org)
  • NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - Using genome sequences for a handful of Zika viruses (ZIKV), an international team estimates that the virus made its way to Brazil sometime in 2013, potentially piggybacking with travelers from affected areas in the Pacific Islands. (genomeweb.com)
  • While the genome sequences did not bolster causal ties between ZIKV and microcephaly, Vasconcelos said he is convinced of the association based on prior studies of brain samples from deceased infants infected with the virus. (genomeweb.com)
  • These seven sequences were the first complete genomes sequenced of Brazilian strains obtained in the ongoing Zika virus disease epidemic," Vasconcelos said. (genomeweb.com)
  • When the team compared the newly generated genomes with sequences available for other strains from Brazil, it saw differences scattered over much of the virus' coding genome, including 32 nucleotide changes in the microcephaly-related isolate and 34 such changes in the ZIKV isolate from the deceased adult. (genomeweb.com)
  • Nevertheless, Vasconcelos noted that all of the mutations identified were synonymous changes that would not be expected to alter amino acid sequences or antigenic features of the virus. (genomeweb.com)
  • Phylogenetic tree derived by neighbor-joining methods (1,000 bootstrap replications) using complete genome sequences of chikungunya viruses obtained from GenBank. (cdc.gov)
  • Developing high throughput methods for generating and analysing virus genomic sequences from clinical samples. (gla.ac.uk)
  • In this study, the authors developed an efficient method to classify virus sequences with respect to their species and sub-species (i.e. serotype and/or genotype). (tghn.org)
  • Next steps should be undertaken to identify the regulatory sequences that can be used to express the guide RNAs from the genome, and once these sequences are identified developing gene drives in the species should be turnkey," Akbari said. (universityofcalifornia.edu)
  • SAG-QC: quality control of single amplified genome information by subtracting non-target sequences based on sequence compositions. (cdc.gov)
  • With sequencing technologies becoming cheaper and easier to use, more groups are able to obtain whole genome sequences of viruses of public health and scientific importance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The recent re-emergence and travel-related spread of Chikungunya infection to Europe and the United States has drawn global attention. (medscape.com)
  • Both natural and Chikungunya virus infection-induced specific antibodies were essential for controlling Chikungunya virus infections. (medscape.com)
  • Chikungunya virus infection elicited strong innate immunity with an abundant production of proinflammatory markers and cytokines, including high levels of alpha interferon, interleukin (IL)-4, IL10, and gamma interferon. (medscape.com)
  • A 2017 study reported that Chikungunya infection activates toll-like receptors (TLR), triggering the innate immune system. (medscape.com)
  • Twelve cases of meningoencephalitis cases were confirmed to be associated with chikungunya infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • The high risk areas of infection for travelers are places where chikungunya virus-carrying mosquitos are endemic, including the Americas, parts of Africa, and Southeast Asia. (mvm.com)
  • In May 2015, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) issued an alert regarding the first confirmed Zika virus infection in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
  • Investigations on possible role of MIF gene polymorphism in progression of chikungunya infection into cases of acute flaccid paralysis and chronic arthropathy. (cdc.gov)
  • Association of human leukocyte antigen class II allele and haplotypes in chikungunya viral infection in a western Indian population. (cdc.gov)
  • Association of Oligoadenylate Synthetase Gene Cluster and DC-SIGN (CD209) Gene Polymorphisms with Clinical Symptoms in Chikungunya Virus Infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Association of toll-like receptor polymorphisms with susceptibility to chikungunya virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Association of IL1RN VNTR polymorphism with chikungunya infection: A study from Western India. (cdc.gov)
  • The high-risk areas of infection for travelers are places where chikungunya virus-carrying mosquitos are endemic, including the Americas, parts of Africa, and Southeast Asia, and the virus has spread to more than 110 countries . (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • Now, the same team - including researchers in the laboratories of Charles M. Rice, the Maurice R. & Corinne P. Greenberg professor and head of the Laboratory of Virology & Infectious Disease, and Robert B. Darnell, the Robert & Harriet Heilbrunn professor and head of the Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology - has found evidence that another RNA virus - bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) virus, which infects cows and other livestock - also depends on miRNA for infection. (feedstuffs.com)
  • Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne infection of the genus alphavirus. (ijpsr.com)
  • During coronavirus infection, in addition to synthesis of the coronavirus genome (referred to as coronavirus replication), a 3′-coterminal nested set of subgenomic mRNAs (sgmRNAs) are also produced (in referred to as coronavirus transcription), from which structural and accessory proteins are translated [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • My group apply the techniques of elecrton-cryomicroscopy and image analysis to the study of viruses, providing an exciting opportunity to visualise the process of virus infection at cellular scale and at macromoleculr resolution. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Many human viruses utilise or suppress ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like pathways during infection, enhancing their replication. (gla.ac.uk)
  • We explore the intricate structural interactions between viruses and host complexes during virus infection and immune response, which is crucial for exploiting them and uncovering new avenues for the development of therapeutics. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Defective viral genomes as therapeutic interfering particles against flavivirus infection in mammalian and mosquito hosts. (salehlab.eu)
  • Additionally, they found evidence for infection by heterologous viruses eliciting cross-reactive antibodies. (tghn.org)
  • Whole Genome Sequencing-Implications for Infection Prevention and Outbreak Investigations. (cdc.gov)
  • Identifying the research, advocacy, policy and implementation needs for the prevention and management of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection in low- and middle-income countries. (kemri-wellcome.org)
  • In south-western Europe, Toscana virus infection accounts for the most frequent cause of aseptic meningitis together with enteroviruses and herpesviruses [2]. (europa.eu)
  • Toscana virus infection is not a notifiable disease at the EU/EEA level and there is no EU case definition. (europa.eu)
  • However, Toscana virus infection case definitions have been proposed in the literature [3]. (europa.eu)
  • Serological data such as seroconversion or a four-fold increase in paired sera would also be applicable to Toscana virus as well as the presence of IgM in a unique serum sample is indicative of a probable case of infection. (europa.eu)
  • Our data show that bLf exerts a dose-dependent strong inhibitory effect on the infection of Vero cells by the aforementioned arboviruses, reducing their infection efficiency in up to nearly 80%, with no significant cytotoxicity, and such antiviral activity occurs at the levels of binding and replication of the virus particles. (ufg.br)
  • bovine lactoferrin binds to the main zika protein that makes up the Zika virus tertiary amino lipid coating, regardless of pH, and locks these proteins into place, preventing the structural re-arangement changes required for the fusion step of infection. (ufg.br)
  • Without fusion of the virus to the 1st stage endosome, viral RNA' DNA is prevented from entering the golgi apparatus for reproduction, and infection is blocked. (ufg.br)
  • Clinical presentation of the infection is nonspecific and may often be confused with symptoms of other flaviviral diseases (dengue, West Nile [WN], and chikungunya). (bvsalud.org)
  • Hantavirus Infection Hantaviridae are a family of enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses, which consists of at least 4 serotypes with 9 viruses causing 2 major, sometimes overlapping, clinical syndromes: Hemorrhagic. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chikungunya virus belongs to the family Togaviridae , genus Alphavirus . (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya is a virus of the Togaviridae family which has affected different parts of the world on several occasions: 2004 in the Indian Ocean, 2007 in Africa, 2007 in Europe, 2011 in the Pacific region, and 2013 in the Americas. (pasteur.fr)
  • Diagram shows the RNA viruses/Togaviridae family viruses/Alphaviruses [Modified from 41]. (actascientific.com)
  • Liposomal Delivery of the RNA Genome of a Live-Attenuated Chikungunya Virus Vaccine Candidate Provides Local, but Not Systemic Protection After One Dose. (bvsalud.org)
  • Euronext Paris: VLA), a specialty vaccine company focused on the development and commercialization of prophylactic vaccines for infectious diseases with significant unmet medical need, today announced positive topline results from the Phase 3 pivotal trial of its single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate, VLA1553. (mvm.com)
  • The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has finished a filing review of Valneva's Biologics License Application (BLA) for single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate VLA1553. (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
  • A live-attenuated, single dose investigational vaccine candidate, VLA1553 targets the chikungunya virus, which has spread to more than 100 countries. (pharmaceutical-business-review.com)
  • Valneva SE today announces that the Company's pivotal Phase 3 data for its single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate, VLA1553, have been published in The Lancet. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • VLA1553 is currently the only chikungunya vaccine candidate worldwide for which regulatory review processes are underway. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • Juan Carlos Jaramillo, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Valneva, commented in a press release on June 13, 2023, "We are pleased that more detailed results on our single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate are now available to the scientific and broader public health communities. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • Valneva SE , a specialty vaccine company, today announced that Health Canada has completed screening validation of the company's regulatory application for marketing approval of its single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate VLA1553 in persons aged 18 years and above, and has determined that the New Drug Submission application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. (globalbiodefense.com)
  • VLA1553 is currently the only chikungunya vaccine candidate worldwide for which regulatory review processes are underway and, if approved, it could become the first licensed chikungunya vaccine available to address this unmet medical need. (globalbiodefense.com)
  • Valneva - a company focused on global vaccines - has revealed that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is reviewing its biologics license application for the company's single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate. (meefro.com)
  • Chikungunya virus has a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome. (cdc.gov)
  • In general, the ZIKV genome, which is made up of single-stranded RNA, spans some 10,700 bases and codes for a polyprotein that gets chopped up to produce 10 structural and non-structural proteins. (genomeweb.com)
  • Phleboviruses are enveloped viruses with a genome consisting of three single-stranded RNA molecules. (europa.eu)
  • It is a single-stranded positive-sense ribonucleic acid(RNA)virus, has its origin traced to Zika forest in Uganda. (bvsalud.org)
  • Currently, available data does not indicate whether the introduction of chikungunya into Asia occurred in the 19th century or more recently, but this epidemic Asian strain causes outbreaks in India and continues to circulate in Southeast Asia. (wikipedia.org)
  • A number of chikungunya outbreaks have occurred since 2005. (wikipedia.org)
  • Chikungunya virus often causes sudden large outbreaks with high attack rates, affecting one-third to three-quarters of the population in areas where the virus is circulating. (mvm.com)
  • Studying the genome of Zika strains helped scientists map the spread of the virus, which appears to have come from the Asian-Pacific region, where outbreaks occurred previously. (cdc.gov)
  • Regions in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific Islands have seen outbreaks of the virus since the earliest human cases in the 1950s, but the Zika virus was not detected in Brazil until May 2015. (genomeweb.com)
  • Furthermore, it is impossible to predict the characteristics of these viruses, the severity of the diseases they might induce and the scope of the outbreaks they can cause. (canada.ca)
  • Major Chikungunya outbreaks in the South Republic of India in 2007 and 2008, CHIK virus with new genetic changes had been detected. (ijpsr.com)
  • These viruses are all spread to their hosts through mosquito vectors and typically cause sporadic outbreaks, although Chikungunya has begun to spread more globally leading to more persistent epidemics. (genengnews.com)
  • As they reported online today in Science , the researchers sequenced seven ZIKV genomes isolated from infected individuals in Brazil, including an infected newborn with microcephaly. (genomeweb.com)
  • He noted that there may also have been delays in recognizing ZIKV cases in Brazil because some of the symptoms resemble those produced by dengue virus or Chikungunya virus. (genomeweb.com)
  • Since then, some 30,000 ZIKV infections have been reported Brazil and the virus has spread over large swaths of South and Central America. (genomeweb.com)
  • Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne fl avivirus fi rst studies in the absence of epidemics ( 6 - 8 ). (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • To document the evolution and optimization of the Zika virus (ZIKV) disease surveillance system in southern Viet Nam in 2016 and to describe the characteristics of the identified ZIKV-positive cases. (who.int)
  • In Viet Nam, although Zika virus (ZIKV) disease was not listed as a nationally notifiable disease before 2016, previous literature suggests that it is not a new disease in the country. (who.int)
  • Zika virus(ZIKV) belongs to the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus. (bvsalud.org)
  • The virus particles are enveloped icosahedral capsids and have a diameter of 60-70 nm. (cdc.gov)
  • Chikungunya virus particles, which are composed of a central dense core that is surrounded by a viral envelope. (globalbiodefense.com)
  • It is also predicted that there will be new vaccines based on virus like particles (VLPs). (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • The problem was, there just aren't many Zika virus particles in the blood of a sick patient. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • MOUSE ANTI-CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS VLP ANTIBODY (D7) This mouse anti Chikungunya virus VLP antibody (D7) recognises Chikungunya virus-like particles (VLP) containing E1, E2 and Capsid proteins. (maxanim.com)
  • Using a murine model, Lum et al showed that anti-Chikungunya virus antibodies were elicited early in the course of the illness and were directed against the C-terminus of the viral E2 glycoprotein. (medscape.com)
  • CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS E2 PROTEIN ANTIBODY (18H01) Mouse anti Chikungunya virus E2 protein antibody is specific for the E2 envelope protein of Chikungunya virus. (maxanim.com)
  • MOUSE ANTI-CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS CAPSID PROTEIN (19B02) Mouse anti Chikungunya virus Capsid protein antibody is specific for the Capsid protein of Chikungunya virus. (maxanim.com)
  • By analogy with other arboviruses such as Tick-borne encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Zika virus and Chikungunya virus, several points could be applied for Toscana virus such as epidemiological conditions (history of travel to, or residence in, an area with documented on-going transmission within the two-week period prior the onset of symptoms). (europa.eu)
  • West Nile Virus West Nile virus is a flavivirus that is now the primary cause of arbovirus encephalitis in the United States. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne alpha virus that was first isolated after a 1952 outbreak in modern-day Tanzania. (wikipedia.org)
  • An analysis of the chikungunya virus's genetic code suggests that the increased severity of the 2005-present outbreak may be due to a change in the genetic sequence, altering the virus' viral coat protein, which potentially allows it to multiply more easily in mosquito cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The largest outbreak of chikungunya ever recorded at the time occurred on the island of Réunion in the western rim of the Indian Ocean from late March 2005 to February 2006. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] There have been reports of large scale outbreak of this virus in Southern India. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Bangalore, the state capital of Karnataka (India), there seemed to be an outbreak of chikungunya in May 2006 with arthralgia/arthritis and rashes. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the 3rd week of May 2006 the outbreak of chikungunya in North Karnataka was severe. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the Zika outbreak in Brazil, CDC scientists in the Division of Vector-Borne Diseases used advanced molecular detection (AMD) to sequence the genomes of several of these Western Hemisphere viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • As these viruses are largely uncharacterized before an outbreak occurs, time becomes a crucial factor for effective vaccine development. (canada.ca)
  • The recent Zika virus disease outbreak in South America also highlights the worldwide need for rapid reliable POC tests. (blogspot.com)
  • During the Zika virus outbreak of 2015-16, public health officials scrambled to contain the epidemic and curb the pathogen's devastating effects on pregnant women. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • The researchers also showed that samples of Lassa virus from the 2018 Lassa outbreak in Nigeria that proved difficult to sequence without enrichment could be "rescued" by using a set of CATCH-designed probes against all human viruses. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Before the Zika outbreak in northeast Brazil in May 2015, victims of mosquito bites might have preferred a diagnosis of Zika as its symptoms appeared milder than those of chikungunya or dengue. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • As of early February 2016, investigators have confirmed Zika virus in babies born in Brazil with microcephaly and poor pregnancy outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • Laboratory testing with a rapid conducted at that time showed that 6.1% of the residents assay suggested that a dengue virus (DENV) was the caus- in nearby regions of Uganda had specifi c antibodies to ative agent. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)
  • As an Honorary Consultant in Infectious Diseases, my research focuses on the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the UK and sub-Saharan Africa including COVID-19. (gla.ac.uk)
  • This study highlights the potential of combining traditional surveillance with portable genome sequencing technologies and digital epidemiology to inform public health surveillance in the Amazon region. (tghn.org)
  • Along with the treatment part a review of the biology and epidemiology of the virus is also included. (actascientific.com)
  • First Report of the East-Central South African Genotype of Chikungunya Virus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (cdc.gov)
  • This is the first version of the Chikungunya typing tool, which uses phylogenetic analysis to identify the species and genotype of the virus. (krisp.org.za)
  • The Pan American Health Organization recently confirmed chikungunya cases in the Americas region reached over 210,000 in the first months of 2023. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • Virus Evol , (2023). (kemri-wellcome.org)
  • The term arbovirus (arthropod-borne virus) describes a virus that is transmitted by certain species of arthropods. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other medically important alphaviruses found in the Americas include eastern equine encephalitis virus (neuroinvasive) and Mayaro virus (arthalgic). (cdc.gov)
  • The Kuhn laboratory studies the replication of human RNA enveloped viruses that are known as alphaviruses and flaviviruses. (purdue.edu)
  • Furthermore, to confirm that the antibodies could protect animals from disease, the researchers infected mice with three different alphaviruses: Chikungunya, the closely related O'nyong'nyong virus, or the more distantly related Mayaro virus. (genengnews.com)
  • Typically, individuals who are infected with alphaviruses produce antibodies against many viral epitopes, some of which are not protective-setting up a weak immune response scenario that allows the virus time to replicate and exert its pathogenic effects. (genengnews.com)
  • It is difficult to separate clinical presentations of CHIKF from other arthropod-transmitted alphaviruses like Barmah Forest virus, Ross River virus, Semliki Forest virus, O'nyong-nyong, Mayaro, Sindbis and similar viruses. (actascientific.com)
  • http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40064-015-1346-3 gunya virus during the 2016 epidemic in Rio de Janeiro, 4. (cdc.gov)
  • This information is essential to better estimate the risks of chikungunya emergence, specifying the strong genetic proximity of the mosquito in South-East France with that of La Reunion Island, where the largest chikungunya epidemic ever occurred in France, and more generally in Europe. (pasteur.fr)
  • In 2015-2016 in the Recife Metropolitan Region, the authors of this study detected the tail end of a Zika epidemic, which was displaced by a chikungunya epidemic. (tghn.org)
  • CDC scientists used AMD to sequence the genomes of several Zika strains and rapidly develop, validate, and distribute a molecular diagnostic assay protocol to detect emerging strains of the virus. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC scientists also used these genomic data to rapidly develop a molecular diagnostic assay protocol to detect emerging Zika virus strains. (cdc.gov)
  • West African Ebola Virus Strains: Unstable and Ready to Invade? (cdc.gov)
  • Genome Hotspots for Nucleotide Substitutions and the Evolution of Influenza A (H1N1) Human Strains. (cdc.gov)
  • For years, scientists have been on the hunt to develop vaccines that would protect against all or most strains of particularly virulent viruses such as influenza. (genengnews.com)
  • There is a lot of emphasis on identifying and understanding broadly neutralizing antibodies for other viruses-HIV, hepatitis C virus, dengue virus, influenza virus-but most of those antibodies neutralize different strains of the same virus," explained senior author Michael Diamond, M.D., Ph.D., a professor of medicine and director of the Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Development in the Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs at WUSTL. (genengnews.com)
  • Built in the lab of Broad Institute researcher Pardis Sabeti, the "CATCH" method can be used to design molecular "baits" for any virus known to infect humans and all their known strains, including those that are present in low abundance in clinical samples, such as Zika. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Emergence of a novel subclade of influenza A(H3N2) virus in London, December 2016 to January 2017. (cdc.gov)
  • This article says the strong immune response and the generation of seroprotective titres in almost all vaccinated participants suggests that VLA1553 is an excellent candidate for preventing disease caused by the chikungunya virus. (precisionvaccinations.com)
  • 2 These vaccines instruct cells to manufacture specific antigens-ie, the spike proteins in the case of the SARS-CoV-2 virus-so that the immune system manufactures spike protein antibodies. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • These are artificial viruses made up of copies of 1 or more viral proteins that self-assemble into nanoparticles. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Structural proteins of CHIK-Virus with T and B cells had been used for immuno-informatic approach. (ijpsr.com)
  • The 5′ two-thirds of the genome contains two ORFs (ORF 1a and ORF 1b) that encode 15-16 nonstructural proteins (nsps), and the other one-third of the genome consists largely of genes encoding structural and accessory proteins [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Viral proteins are made that redirect cellular machinery to establish sites for viral RNA synthesis, and concomitant virus particle assembly. (purdue.edu)
  • Dual-target assays are better suited for viruses having the propensity to evolve into new variants via point mutations or major sequence deletions/insertions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Complete Coding Region Sequence of a Chikungunya Virus Strain Used for Formulation of CBER/FDA RNA Reference Reagents for Nucleic Acid Testing. (fda.gov)
  • TRS-L, which is located at the 5′ terminus of the coronavirus genome, shares high sequence identity with TRS-B. TRS-L acts as an acceptor for the complementary TRS-B donor sequence during sgmRNA synthesis [ 5 ] through a similarity-assisted copy-choice mechanism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To run CATCH truly comprehensively, users can easily input genomes from all forms of all human viruses that have been uploaded to the National Center for Biotechnology Information's GenBank sequence database. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Annotation and submission of viral genome sequence is a non-trivial task, especially for groups that do not routinely interact with GenBank for data submissions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In order to extract maximal scientific and public health value out of these data, sharing of assembled consensus genomes and raw sequence data is critical. (biomedcentral.com)
  • State and federal public health laboratories have built capacity such that they now sequence more than 6000 influenza virus genomes and more than 5000 enteropathogenic bacterial genomes each year [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Such is the case with a wide range of LAMP-based research on pathogen detection, including many viruses, such as influenza , dengue , Chikungunya , and Zika . (thermofisher.com)
  • Because there is no particular cure for Chikungunya and the disease has such a large effect, experts recommend using monoclonal antibodies, nucleic acid modifiers, designer molecules and secondary phytochemicals 10 . (ijpsr.com)
  • Employing the two most potent broadly neutralizing antibodies, the researchers treated the infected mice and saw markedly reduced joint disease caused by any of the viruses. (genengnews.com)
  • The authors speculate that Chikungunya virus is capable of undergoing genetic drifts and could acquire alternate entry mechanisms. (medscape.com)
  • Genetic studies show that the virus has evolved into 3 distinct genotypes: West African, East/Central/South African (ECSA), and Asian ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • T transitions among the new genomes suggested that host restriction factors from the immune system such as ADAR and AID/APOBEC deaminases might be driving the genetic diversity of the chikungunya virus in Brazil. (butantan.gov.br)
  • Scientists have been able to detect some low-abundance viruses by analyzing all the genetic material in a clinical sample, a technique known as "metagenomic" sequencing, but the approach often misses viral material that gets lost in the abundance of other microbes and the patient's own DNA. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Short for "Compact Aggregation of Targets for Comprehensive Hybridization," CATCH allows users to design custom sets of probes to capture genetic material of any combination of microbial species, including viruses or even all forms of all viruses known to infect humans. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Other approaches include the use of gene drive and exploration of the genetic redundancy to disrupt the receptors used by the virus to gain entry into its host. (bvsalud.org)
  • Concerns have been raised due to the rapid dissemination of the chikungunya virus across the country since its first detection in 2014 in Northeast Brazil. (butantan.gov.br)
  • These genomes increased the amount of available data and allowed a more comprehensive characterization of the dispersal dynamics of the chikungunya virus East-Central-South-African lineage in Brazil. (butantan.gov.br)
  • BIGSdb: scalable analysis of bacterial genome variation at the population level. (cdc.gov)
  • Homology-based reconstruction of regulatory networks for bacterial and archaeal genomes. (openwetware.org)
  • To date, several adenovirus vector vaccines for HIV, Ebola virus, influenza virus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis , and Plasmodium falciparum are under human clinical trials, and others are being developed against rabies, dengue virus, and MERS. (contemporarypediatrics.com)
  • Clinical data reveal that anaemia is commonly diagnosed in individuals suffering from severe chikungunya 7 . (ijpsr.com)
  • Clinical manifestations are not specific and are difficult to differentiate from those of similar viral diseases (e.g., dengue and Zika virus disease). (blogspot.com)
  • Another approach is to "enrich" clinical samples for a particular virus. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Two days after the WHO announcement, Singapore's Ministry of Health stepped up efforts to protect the island-nation against the Zika virus, including a program of clinical surveillance to correctly diagnose infected patients. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Further studies using booster regimes aim to demonstrate the potential for liposomes to deliver the self -replicating RNA genome of live- attenuated vaccines and offer a novel immunization strategy. (bvsalud.org)
  • There are no preventive vaccines or effective treatments available and, as such, chikungunya is considered to be a major public health threat. (mvm.com)
  • A vaccine (or vaccines) against SARS-CoV-2 would help develop community immunity against the virus and thus prevent the spread and recurrence of the disease at the population level. (canada.ca)
  • Finally, epitopes acknowledged thru molecular docking research can be wont to supply huge spectrum vaccines, which might be powerful in opposition to numerous lines of Chikungunya. (ijpsr.com)
  • Using the knowledge obtained from studying these processes, we are pursuing strategies for intervention of virus disease, such as the development of anti-virals and vaccines. (purdue.edu)
  • We have more work to do but are encouraged that targeting this epitope could be a viable strategy for developing vaccines or treatments against Chikungunya and other related viruses that cause significant disease worldwide," Dr. Diamond concluded. (genengnews.com)
  • There are no treatments or vaccines against the Zika virus, nor for the chikungunya virus. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Toscana virus belongs to the Toscana phlebovirus species within the Phlebovirus genus in the Phenuiviridae family [6,7]. (europa.eu)
  • other diseases related to tick-borne viruses that were previously included in the Phlebovirus genus (Uukkuniemi virusDabie bandavirus Heartland bandavirus ) and are now reclassified either in the Uukuvirus or in the Bandavirus genera. (europa.eu)
  • It is not part of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses classification of viruses (ie, it is not a species, genus, or family), which is based on the nature and structure of the viral genome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 2022. Analysis of Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes and Sugar Transporters in Penicillium echinulatum: a Genome-wide Comparative Study of the Fungal Lignocellulolytic System. (openwetware.org)
  • Viruses , (2022). (kemri-wellcome.org)
  • Most viruses associated with hemorrhagic fevers are classified in the families Arenaviridae and Filoviridae . (msdmanuals.com)
  • Characterization of promoters in archaeal genomes based on DNA structural parameters. (openwetware.org)
  • Viruses transmitted by arthropods (arboviruses) are responsible for emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in different areas of the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. (fapesp.br)
  • The CHIK-Virus is carried thru the mosquito, which functions as a vector for the disease. (ijpsr.com)
  • These viruses may spread to humans from nonhuman reservoirs, but most arboviral diseases are not transmissible by humans, perhaps because the typical viremia is inadequate to infect the arthropod vector. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Laboratory criteria for direct diagnosis such as virus isolation or viral RNA detection in blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that are used for the aforementioned viruses could also be applied to Toscana virus. (europa.eu)
  • The virus has circulated in forested regions of sub-Saharan African in cycles involving nonhuman primate hosts and arboreal mosquito vectors. (wikipedia.org)
  • Masafumi Inoue at the A*STAR Experimental Therapeutics Centre and Sebastian Maurer-Stroh at the A*STAR Bioinformatics Institute have developed a quick and easy diagnostic test for dengue, chikungunya and Zika. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Studying virus entry using a multidisciplinary toolkit encompassing basic virology, computational/mathematical analysis, structural biology, and advanced microscopy. (gla.ac.uk)
  • The recombinant plasmid pPICZaA- E2 was transformed and integrated into P. pastoris X-33 genome using the electroporation method. (aip.org)
  • After screening process through genome PCR, four positive recombinant clones colonies were analyzed in minimal dextrose and methanol media for Mut + confirmation. (aip.org)
  • Visualization of PCR colony shows two bands were formed in the size of 2.200 bp corresponding to the P. pastoris genome's AOX1 gene and 1.848 bp corresponding to recombinant plasmid's AOX1 gene that indicates the recombinant plasmid pPICZaA- E2 was integrated into the genome. (aip.org)
  • Toscana virus was first isolated in 1971 from sand flies collected in the Tuscany region of Italy and first evidence for its propensity to cause human disease was reported in 1983 [5]. (europa.eu)
  • Many foresee a world in which nearly every infectious disease genome is sequenced and archived in a publicly searchable database [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The name chikungunya means "that which bends up" or "to become controlled"- due to bend down appearance following arthritis, which occurs in this disease [2]. (actascientific.com)
  • Following this in successive years Chikungunya-like disease was observed in St. Thomas Island, New Orleans and part of South Carolina of the United States in 1827 to 1828 [7]. (actascientific.com)
  • Ng is one of the many scientists at A*STAR working to improve understanding of the Zika virus and developing diagnostic and therapeutic tools to fight the disease. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Chikungunya represents a major threat for people traveling to or living in areas where chikungunya virus and the mosquitos that transmit it are present, including popular destinations for U.S. and Canadian travelers. (globalbiodefense.com)
  • Several murine models with Chikungunya virus-related joint and neurological diseases are being investigated. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, many of these viruses represent zoonoses (zoonotic diseases), increasing the risk of introducing a virus with completely new immunogenic properties into the human population. (canada.ca)
  • Chikungunya is one of the current infectious, re-emerging diseases. (aip.org)
  • In the past few decades, there has been rapid spread of numerous severe viral infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza A, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola and Zika. (canada.ca)
  • And by May, scientists in the United States had established a causal link between the Zika virus, microcephaly and other severe brain defects. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • I'm interested in how viruses engage with these pathways with respect to cellular antiviral immunity, to develop novel avenues for therapeutic intervention. (gla.ac.uk)
  • Dicer-2-Dependent Generation of Viral DNA from Defective Genomes of RNA Viruses Modulates Antiviral Immunity in Insects. (salehlab.eu)
  • Last year, Rockefeller scientists were surprised to discover that hepatitis C, a virus that contains RNA rather than DNA, not only sequesters a host miRNA but relies on it. (feedstuffs.com)
  • To see if RNA viruses other than hepatitis C use host miRNA, the researchers developed a screening method that chemically attaches those miRNAs to their targets. (feedstuffs.com)
  • Joseph Luna, a post-doctoral researcher in Rice's lab, wondered if hepatitis C virus is 'an outlier' and whether its 'dependence on miRNA (is) unique. (feedstuffs.com)
  • To comprehensively determine the amounts, species and structures of noncanonical transcripts for bovine coronavirus in HRT-18 cells and mouse hepatitis virus A59, a mouse coronavirus, in mouse L cells and mice, nanopore direct RNA sequencing was employed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By disrupting the viral lifecycle GeneCode`s approach is delivering promising treatment options for Hepatitis C, HIV and Chikungunya virus. (genecode.com)
  • Phylogenetic tool to identify the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) subtypes and recombinants. (krisp.org.za)
  • In the ongoing arms race between pathogenic viruses and the cells they infect, each side needs every advantage it can get. (feedstuffs.com)
  • To make this an effective tool for surveillance, we then decided to try targeting about 20 viruses at a time, and we eventually scaled up to the 356 viral species known to infect humans. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • How does the virus infect different cells in the body? (a-star.edu.sg)
  • At the same time, scientists around the globe tried to understand the genetics of this mysterious virus. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Scientists in the Sabeti lab had successfully used baits, which are molecular probes made of short strands of RNA or DNA that pair with bits of viral DNA in the sample, to analyze the Ebola and Lassa virus genomes. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
  • Like their international peers, researchers at A*STAR were intrigued by the emerging link between the virus and the outcome for unborn babies. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Researchers from multiple institutes at A*STAR are collaborating to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools to fight the Zika virus. (a-star.edu.sg)
  • Researchers at A*STAR, along with other members of the scientific community, are now trying to answer the flood of questions raised by the Zika virus. (a-star.edu.sg)