MiceDepressionRecombinant inbred strainCoefficientGENOMICSMAIZEPopulationsGenesGeneticallyMouse strainsHomozygositySystems geneticsTraitsRelatednessMetabolismQuantitative geneticsAmerican JournalHumansBreeding2020PopulationBehaviorMicrosatelliteDispersalRecessiveDiseasesPhenotypeLaboratoryEvolutionCrossesPedigreeGenetic referenceResearchersProgenyBreedersFamilyHighStudiesIndividualsEffect
Mice6
- Recombinant inbred strains or lines were first developed using inbred strains of mice but are now used to study a wide range of organisms - Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), Zea mays (maize), barley, Drosophila melanogaster, C. elegans and rat. (wikipedia.org)
- Systems genetics and systems biology analysis of paraquat neurotoxicity in BXD recombinant inbred mice. (cdc.gov)
- To address this issue, we tested the effects of paraquat in a genetic reference population of mice (the BXD recombinant inbred strain family). (cdc.gov)
- Note to the Reader Please cite this work as: Williams RW, Gu J, Qi S, Lu L (2001) The genetic structure of recombinant inbred mice: High-resolution consensus maps for complex trait analysis. (nervenet.org)
- Recombinant inbred (RI) strains of mice are an important resource used to map and analyze complex traits. (nervenet.org)
- Genetics of age-related hearing loss in mice. (cdc.gov)
Depression8
- We are generally interested in estimating GWIBD because it is most directly related to the homozygous mutational load and inbreeding depression. (nature.com)
- evidence for inbreeding depression on cognitive abilities among children. (stackexchange.com)
- Too much inbreeding can lead to 'inbreeding depression', where the deleterious effects begin to outcompete the positive ones. (gccfcats.org)
- Fl heterosis over midparent (MP) and better parent (BP) and F2 inbreeding depression (ID) were studied in 8 crosses of rice for grain yield/plant and its four other component traits, Le. (isgpb.org)
- This study looks at the magnitude and variation in selfing and the impact in inbreeding depression across several E. globulus families collected over the years in a seed orchard. (sisef.it)
- The results showed a significant inbreeding depression, with a height growth reduction of 15% in selfed progeny, when compared with crosses from unrelated parents. (sisef.it)
- These inbreeding depression values varied among families, ranging between 7% and 24%, evidencing the importance of genetic background. (sisef.it)
- The genetics of inbreeding depression. (bvsalud.org)
Recombinant inbred strain1
- A recombinant inbred strain or recombinant inbred line (RIL) is an organism with chromosomes that incorporate an essentially permanent set of recombination events between chromosomes inherited from two or more inbred strains. (wikipedia.org)
Coefficient8
- The proportion of an individual's genome that is identical by descent (GWIBD) can be estimated from pedigrees (inbreeding coefficient 'Pedigree F') or molecular markers ('Marker F'), but both estimators come with error. (nature.com)
- The Inbreeding Coefficient was developed specifically to serve as a tool to quantify these in a way that could be used in making breeding decisions. (gccfcats.org)
- The inbreeding coefficient is the probability of inheriting two copies of the same allele from an ancestor that occurs on both sides of the pedigree. (gccfcats.org)
- The coefficient is the fraction of all the genes of an animal that are homozygous (two copies of the same allele), so for a mating that would result in offspring with an inbreeding coefficient of 10%, there is a one in 10 chance all the genes in an animal will be homozygous. (gccfcats.org)
- The original purpose of the coefficient was to give breeders a number that would indicate both the amount of benefit to be gained from inbreeding as well as the magnitude of the risk of deleterious effects they could perhaps expect. (gccfcats.org)
- The values of the mean inbreeding coefficient were found to be low during the whole period, reaching a peak of 22.94 × 10 -4 during the period 1902-1911. (karger.com)
- The breed average 10-generation coefficient of inbreeding (COI) for Australian Shepherds is somewhere around 14%, or slightly higher than that of half-siblings who are otherwise unrelated. (ashgi.org)
- An excellent explanation of Wright's Coefficient of Inbreeding (COI) can be found in Willis, Genetics of the Dog (Howell 1989) p. 320-5. (ashgi.org)
GENOMICS3
- In a special issue of Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering focused on wheat genetics and breeding, CIMMYT researchers present highlights from global progress in wheat genomics, breeding for disease resistance, as well as quality improvement, in a collection of nine review articles and one research article. (cimmyt.org)
- 156 (9.9%) were identified as human genomics/genetics publications. (cdc.gov)
- All human genomics/genetics articles were coded according to topic and phase of translational research . (cdc.gov)
MAIZE2
Populations4
- Please keep in mind that, for for sociological/ethical reasons, this is highly controversial, especially when the two concepts above are intermixed - human populations underwent differential and variably strong periods of low $N_e$, i.e. were subject to stronger or weaker inbreeding in the second sense. (stackexchange.com)
- Many vulnerable populations in fragmented habitats face similar genetic problems to the Neanderthals: inbreeding, low genetic diversity, and accumulation of harmful mutations. (newswise.com)
- The creation of ultra-high density genetic maps using large populations of advanced recombinant inbred lines (RILs) is an efficient way to identify QTL for complex agronomic traits. (biomedcentral.com)
- en individuals (and populations) molecular coancestry coefficients (f ij ), the Kinship distance (D k ) at individual and population levels. (ucm.es)
Genes5
- Inbreeding increases the risk of getting two identical recessive genes, alleles, that cause a disease which wouldn't have been activated with mixed genes. (stackexchange.com)
- Using the inbred mouse as a model organism, QTL mapping has become a very important tool for finding the genes that regulate complex human diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, asthma and hypertension. (jax.org)
- Do you understand genes and genetics well? (proprofs.com)
- Multiple genes control the color genetics in leopard geckos, including those responsible for melanin production and distribution. (coldlizard.com)
- G3, Genes/Genomes/Genetics. (usda.gov)
Genetically2
- The MPDt systematically characterizes biochemical and behavioral phenotypes of 40 commonly used and genetically diverse inbred mouse strains. (jax.org)
- Previous studies of DNA extracted from Neanderthal remains revealed that these Eurasian hominids were much more inbred and less genetically diverse than modern humans. (newswise.com)
Mouse strains1
- We now have been utilizing the Inbred Lengthy- and Quick-Sleep mouse strains (ILS, ISS) and a recombinant inbred panel derived from them, the LXS, to research the genetic underpinnings of acute ethanol tolerance which is taken into account to be a threat issue for alcohol use issues (AUDs). (eumorphia.org)
Homozygosity2
- Inbreeding strongly increases overall homozygosity which subjects inbred individuals to diseases caused by rare recessive alleles. (stackexchange.com)
- Inbreeding increases homozygosity (genetic similarity). (gccfcats.org)
Systems genetics1
- Recombinant inbred strains are now widely used in systems genetics and to study gene-environment interactions. (wikipedia.org)
Traits7
- While the potential utility of recombinant inbred strains in mapping analysis of complex polygenic traits was obvious from the outset, the small number of strains only made it feasible to map quantitative traits with very large effects (quasi-Mendelian loci). (wikipedia.org)
- The GCCF is very concerned about close matings and thus requires any kittens bred from these types of matings to be placed on the non-active register in order to prevent the inheritance of any detrimental genetic traits by subsequent generations, unless there is a specific purpose which has been advised by veterinary or genetic counselling and is supported by the relevant BAC and/or approved by Genetics Committee. (gccfcats.org)
- This process is commonly used in genetics to create offspring with a higher likelihood of inheriting these desirable traits. (proprofs.com)
- These traits then need to be intensified by proper line breeding or inbreeding. (bulldoginformation.com)
- By studying and understanding the genetics behind these morphs, breeders can selectively breed geckos to produce desired traits and create new and exciting morphs. (coldlizard.com)
- By understanding the genetics behind these mutations, breeders can make informed decisions about which geckos to pair together in order to increase the chances of producing offspring with the desired traits. (coldlizard.com)
- Recombinant inbred (RI) strains have been used to map a wide range of Mendelian loci and quantitative traits (Taylor, 1989). (nervenet.org)
Relatedness3
- Background inbreeding resulting from relatedness between pedigree founders introduces both random noise and bias into the relationship between GWIBD and Pedigree F. If Background F is absent and the relation between fitness and GWIBD is linear, both Pedigree F and GWIBD are error-free predictors in fitness-inbreeding regressions and consequently the regression slopes are unbiased. (nature.com)
- Fareed and Afzal (2014) investigated verbal IQ, performance IQ, and full-scale IQ and found that all of these IQ parameters are significantly lower in inbred children compared to non-inbred children - actually the difference increases significantly with the degree of relatedness. (stackexchange.com)
- Primary functions carried out by ENDOG are the computation of the individual inbreeding (F) (Wright, 1931) and the average relatedness (AR) (Gutiérrez et al. (ucm.es)
Metabolism1
- The inbred Lou/C rat, originating from the Wistar strain, has been described as a model of resistance to diet-induced obesity, but little is known about its metabolism. (unige.ch)
Humans2
- But I sometimes read and hear that inbreeding among humans also causes decreased intelligence, especially emotional and social intelligence. (stackexchange.com)
- Newswise - The Neanderthal genome included harmful mutations that made the hominids around 40% less reproductively fit than modern humans, according to estimates published in the latest issue of the journal GENETICS . (newswise.com)
Breeding4
- In general, most breeders adhere to a policy of line breeding, whereby they can assure uniformity of quality without risking the inherent dangers of inbreeding. (bulldoginformation.com)
- In summary, most successful breeders use some formula involving general line breeding with inbreeding employed when sufficiently outstanding products of their line result and outcrossing only when another line can supply a strong characteristic in which they are lacking. (bulldoginformation.com)
- As a breeder, understanding the role of genetics in leopard gecko breeding is essential. (coldlizard.com)
- Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 00:1-9. (ucm.es)
20201
- In March of 2020, Broad Institute converted a clinical genetics processing lab into a large-scale COVID-19 testing facility in less than two weeks. (broadinstitute.org)
Population8
- Potential Inbreeding in a Small Population of a Mass Flowering Species, Xanthorrhoea johnsonii (Xanthorrhoeaceae): Is Your Mother My Father? (scirp.org)
- R. King and J. M. Zalucki, "Potential Inbreeding in a Small Population of a Mass Flowering Species, Xanthorrhoea johnsonii (Xanthorrhoeaceae): Is Your Mother My Father? (scirp.org)
- Inbreeding, population subdivision and migration. (up.ac.za)
- Human population genetics. (up.ac.za)
- Inbreeding can help to concentrate and stabilize these desired characteristics within a population. (proprofs.com)
- Additionally, users can compute with ENDOG useful parameters in population genetics such as that described for Biochard et al. (ucm.es)
- 2002). Moreover, the present version of ENDOG calculates effective population size following different methodologies including regression approaches and particularly the recently proposed realized effective population size from individual increase in inbreeding (Gutiérrez et al. (ucm.es)
- MolKin (current version 3.0) is a population genetics computer program that conducts several genetic analyses on multilocus information in a user-friendly environment. (ucm.es)
Behavior2
- De Keukeleire P, Maes T, Sauer M, Zethof J, Van Montagu M, Gerats T. Analysis by transposon display of the behavior of the dTph1 element family during ontogeny and inbreeding of Petunia hybrida. (ugent.be)
- Neurobiology and genetics of of social behavior development, and neurobiology and genetics of autism and spectrum disorders. (upenn.edu)
Microsatellite2
- In the 1990s the utility of recombinant inbred strains for mapping was significantly improved thanks to higher density genotypes made possible by the use of microsatellite markers. (wikipedia.org)
- As a consequence, in species inheriting large blocks that rarely recombine, even small numbers of microsatellite markers will often be more informative about inbreeding and fitness than large pedigrees. (nature.com)
Dispersal1
- Toby - So the cool thing that we can do is actually use genetics in order to track their dispersal. (thenakedscientists.com)
Recessive1
- In non-inbred individuals the chance is quite low to receive those because many deleterious variants (and in fact, most segregating alleles we can observe) are recessive . (stackexchange.com)
Diseases1
Phenotype2
- Families of recombinant inbred strains numbering from 25 to 5000 are often used to map the locations of DNA sequence differences (quantitative trait loci) that contributed to differences in phenotype in model organisms. (wikipedia.org)
- It is possible to accumulate extensive genetic and phenotype data for each member of a family of recombinant inbred strains under several different conditions (e.g., baseline environment versus stressful environment). (wikipedia.org)
Laboratory1
- The increased role of QTL mapping and favored status of the inbred mouse in that role, are due to the improvement and development of genetic research tools (many of them pioneered by The Jackson Laboratory) to manipulate the mouse genome. (jax.org)
Evolution1
- Through Broad's Scientists in the Classroom program, Broad researchers visit every 8th grade classroom in Cambridge each year to talk about genetics and evolution. (broadinstitute.org)
Crosses2
- Inbreeding between related parents and especially from self-crosses is known to cause diminished growth and developmental abnormalities in the resulting progeny. (sisef.it)
- This was associated with specific, unrelated, crosses and not to high inbreeding rates such as found among selfed progeny. (sisef.it)
Pedigree2
- Assuming unrelated pedigree founders, Pedigree F is the expected proportion of GWIBD given a specific inbreeding constellation. (nature.com)
- Though they are both rather inbred they have almost no common pedigree. (ashgi.org)
Genetic reference1
- As genotyping became progressively less expensive and more accurate the main advantage of using recombinant inbred strains and other genetic reference panels shifted to the ability to assemble massive and coherent databases on phenotypes (e.g., the GeneNetwork web service), and to use these coherent open-source data sets for large-scale collaborative research projects in predictive medicine and plant and animal research. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers1
- Research areas Through programs spanning genetics, biology, and therapeutic development, Broad researchers are making discoveries that drive biomedical science forward. (broadinstitute.org)
Progeny2
- pairs of the F2 progeny are then mated to establish inbred strains through long-term inbreeding. (wikipedia.org)
- Impact of inbreeding on growth and development of young open-pollinated progeny of Eucalyptus globulus. (sisef.it)
Breeders1
- Through careful consideration of genetics, breeders can achieve their goals of producing stunning and diverse leopard gecko morphs. (coldlizard.com)
Family2
- All else being equal, the larger the family of recombinant inbred strains, the greater the power and resolution with which phenotypes can be mapped to chromosomal locations. (wikipedia.org)
- We and 3 with more than 1 aposthia male: fam- think that the person with aposthia trait is a ily DG-01 had 4 living cases, family DG-02 suitable model to study the importance and had 2 living and 1 dead case and family DG- genetics of the prepuce. (who.int)
High2
- The welfare and health of cats with such high levels of inbreeding is highly likely to be compromised and such matings should not be undertaken. (gccfcats.org)
- It has been suggested that high inbreeding might explain this situation. (karger.com)
Studies1
- One of the initial motivations to use recombinant inbred strains is that expensive genotype data can be accumulated and reused - greatly simplifying mapping studies. (wikipedia.org)
Individuals1
- Inbreeding is the crossing of two individuals that have similar desirable characteristics. (proprofs.com)
Effect3
- Consanguinity could subtly influence IQ at larger scales as a result of small IQ handicaps bought about through inbreeding being amplified into much larger differences through their effect on factors that maximize IQ such as access to education and adequate nutrition. (stackexchange.com)
- Effect of inbreeding on intellectual disability revisited by Trio sequencing. (mpg.de)
- Different factors may be operating for the formation of this effect, such as the mobilization of transposable elements, effect of inbreeding and alteration of the heat-shock proteins functions. (scielo.br)