• Of the 52 samples tested with boons ( Papio anubis ) and vervet monkeys ( Chlorocebus the TPPA assay, there were 33 positive, 6 negative, and 13 pygerythrus ) in Laikipia County, Kenya. (cdc.gov)
  • Dr. Palombit is currently conducting a long-term comparative study of chacma baboons ( Papio hamadryas ursinus ) in Botswana and olive baboons ( Papio hamadryas anubis ) in central Kenya. (rutgers.edu)
  • Male olive baboon ( Papio hamadryas anubis ) "followers" incur time, but not energetic costs. (rutgers.edu)
  • P. anubis (olive baboon) is found in central African savanna, and P. cynocephalus (yellow baboon) is found in Angola , Zambia , Malawi , Tanzania , Kenya , and Somalia. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • P.h. hamadyas (sacred baboons), P. h. cynocephalus (yellow baboons), P. h. ursinus (Chacma baboons), P. h. papio (red baboons or Guinea baboons), and P. H. anubis (olive baboons). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Specifically, I studied the sexual behaviour of a large population (approximately 170 individuals) of wild olive baboons (Papio anubis), at Lake Manyara National Park (LMNP), in East Africa, Tanzania. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • We did see wildlife- some roadside Olive baboons (Papio anubus - named after the Egyptian god Anubis) who looked like furry gangsters, some beautiful white-tail and mane colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza) who seem to be well adapted to disturbed environments, and the real scary looking hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). (winrock.org)
  • Although many health measures have been carried out to limit parasite transmission, significant numbers of non-human primates such as Chlorocebus aethiops (Ch. aethiops) (vervet) and Papio anubis (baboon) are infected with S. mansoni, notably in Ethiopia, where they are expected to have potentially significant implications for transmission and control efforts. (ifremer.fr)
  • In our work, we paid special attention to the organization of the venous system within the forelimb of the Anubis baboon ( Papio anubis ), as well as communications between the superficial and deep venous system. (hindawi.com)
  • The main aim of the study was a detailed examination of the location of venous valves and perforating veins in forelimb of Anubis baboon. (hindawi.com)
  • In the Anubis baboon, we observed the absence of the basilic vein. (hindawi.com)
  • The venous vessels in the Anubis baboon were arranged in two main layers: superficial and deep, with both systems being connected by perforators located at the level of the carpus and cubital fossa. (hindawi.com)
  • The Anubis baboon was chosen because of the unique possibility of carrying out anatomical research on such a rare research material. (hindawi.com)
  • Comparative Analysis of Cellular Immune Responses in Conventional and SPF Olive Baboons (Papio anubis). (viictr.org)
  • Kinda baboons hybridise with chacma baboons in Kafue National Park in southern Zambia. (wikipedia.org)
  • chacma baboons in Okavango Delta, Botswana and olive baboons in Laikipia, Kenya. (rutgers.edu)
  • Currently, he directs "Project Papio, a study "friendships" in chacma baboons in Okavango Delta, Botswana and in olive baboons at his field site in Laikipia, Kenya. (rutgers.edu)
  • His data suggest that this social relationship functions as a deterrent to sexually selected infanticide in chacma baboons, which accounts for at least 37% of infant mortality. (rutgers.edu)
  • This difference is just one of numerous social features distinguishing chacma baboons from their East African cousins (e.g., lack of male-male coalitions, apparently greater sexual monopolization of estrus females by high-ranking males, enhanced territoriality). (rutgers.edu)
  • The Chacma baboon can be 120 cm (47 inches) and weigh 40 kg (90 lb), while the biggest Guinea baboon is 50 cm (20 inches) and weighs only 14 kg (30 lb). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • P. ursinus (Chacma baboon) is found in southern Africa. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Female chacma baboons form strong, equitable, and enduring social bonds. (upenn.edu)
  • Male and female chacma baboons form friendships based on likelihood of paternity. (upenn.edu)
  • Males of the Hamadryas baboon species also have a large white mane. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • P. hamadryas (Hamadryas baboon) is found in northeast Africa and into southwestern Arabia. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The Hamadryas baboon was a sacred animal to the ancient Egyptians as the attendant of Thoth , and so, is also called the sacred baboon. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Some consider baboons to be a single species, which is designated Papio hamadryas (Comuzzie et al. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Many authors distinguish P. hamadryas as a full species, but regard all the others as subspecies of P. cynocephalus and refer to them collectively as "savanna baboons. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • However, while behaviorally and physically distinct from other baboon types, the Hamadryas baboon is known to hybridize with olive baboons, and recent phylogenetic studies of Papio show Hamadryas baboons to be more closely related to Guinea and olive baboons than to Chacmas (Newman et al. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The Kinda baboons live in multisexual groups, similar to olive and yellow baboons. (wikipedia.org)
  • We report serop- TPPA, https://www.fujirebio-us.com), which has been vali- revalence for Treponema pallidum antibodies in olive ba- dated for use in baboons ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • In East African olive baboons, however, male infanticide occurs rarely, and yet heterosexual friendships develop just as reliably. (rutgers.edu)
  • In the informal division of primates into the three groups of prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World, the baboons are considered Old World monkeys . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Here, nonhuman primates (NHPs) are infected by Treponema pallidum (TP), a bacterium known to cause conspicuous genital ulcerations in both males and females. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • The objective of this study was to assess and compare the genetic diversity and population structure of S. mansoni isolates from human and non-human primates free-ranging in close proximity to villages in selected endemic areas of Ethiopia. (ifremer.fr)
  • Second, we observed a difference in genetic diversity which was high in human males, medium in human females and low in non-human primates (NHPs). (ifremer.fr)
  • Finally, whatever the transmission site no genetic structure was observed between human and non-human primates, however, there appears to be little barriers, if any, host specificity of the S. mansoni populations with cross-host infections. (ifremer.fr)
  • Substantial genetic diversity and gene flow across the S. mansoni population occurred at each site and non-human primates likely play a role in local transmission and maintenance of infection. (ifremer.fr)
  • This study provides insights into the epidemiology, genetic diversity and population structure of S. mansoni in human and non-human primates in Ethiopia, all of which are crucial for the control of schistosomiasis. (ifremer.fr)
  • We used phylogenetic comparative methods to investigate whether two types of selection in relation to sex-intra-sexual selection on males through male-male physical competition and social selection in females-have had predictable effects on species-typical brain structures in primates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Stress and coping mechanisms in female primates. (upenn.edu)
  • To date, no studies have used untargeted discovery methods with integrated analyses to determine PFC molecular changes in healthy female primates. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, to date, no studies have used an integrated omics approach to investigate aging-associated molecular changes in the livers of healthy female nonhuman primates. (bvsalud.org)
  • The landscape of tolerated genetic variation in humans and primates. (viictr.org)
  • It was once considered a subspecies of the yellow baboon (P. cynocephalus), then distinct enough to merit status as full species (P. kindae) under the phylogenetic species concept. (wikipedia.org)
  • Baboons in between the size of the Kinda baboon and the yellow baboon are present in northeastern Zambia, and possibly in northern Malawi and southwestern Tanzania as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, previously the closely related gelada (genus Theropithecus ) and two species of mandrill and drill (genus Mandrillus ) were grouped in the same genus, and these monkeys are still often referred to as baboons in everyday speech. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • An example of this is the reconstruction of Theropithecus oswaldi as a digitigrade baboon without specific study of the hand or wrist bones. (iresearchnet.com)
  • 2019. Bonobos' saliva remaining on the pith of terrestrial herbaceous vegetation can serve as non-invasive wild genetic resources. (awionline.org)
  • He uses the comparative approach and field experiments to understand the behavioral and ecological bases of variation in male-female social relationships. (rutgers.edu)
  • I am studying variation within and between both populations of baboons, collecting genetic, experimental, and observational data that will clarify the causal and functional bases of sexually selected infanticide and heterosexual bonds in a multi-male social setting. (rutgers.edu)
  • Genetic diversity and population structure studies of S. mansoni have provided insights into the variation of natural populations. (ifremer.fr)
  • Variation in personality and fitness in wild female baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • The close genetic relationship of simian and human TP strains, and the growing habitat encroachment of the human-NHP interface, supports the call for a more multidisciplinary approach linking humans and wildlife when investigating the impact of shared pathogens like Treponema pallidum. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • The Kinda baboon (Papio kindae) is a species of baboon present in the miombo woodlands of Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia, and possibly western Tanzania. (wikipedia.org)
  • Their fur is somewhat longer and is less coarse and much softer compared to other baboon species. (wikipedia.org)
  • adult males are about the size of adult females of other baboon species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sexual dimorphism in Kindas is more moderate than in any other baboon species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Compared to all other baboon species, Kindas are unusually docile and uniquely characterized by high levels of male investment in male-female social relationships. (wikipedia.org)
  • Strict social hierarchy with female permanent rank obtained from the mother was observed as in other species. (wikipedia.org)
  • In all baboon species, there is pronounced sexual dimorphism, usually in size, but also sometimes in color or canine development. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Evaluating the genetic diversity of natural populations of endangered species is important for conservation. (awionline.org)
  • Alternatively, sex-specific selection pressures could produce correlated effects in the other sex, resulting in larger brain structures for both males and females of a species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Responses of four ungulate species to experimental playback of baboon loud calls. (upenn.edu)
  • Of particular interest are the affiliative bonds between males and lactating females, known as "friendships. (rutgers.edu)
  • All baboons have long dog-like muzzles (cynocephalus = dog-head), close-set eyes, heavy powerful jaws, thick fur except on their muzzle, a short tail, and rough spots on their rear-ends, called ischial callosities. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Baboons are terrestrial (ground dwelling) and are found in savanna, open woodland, and hills across Africa . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Such a broad area of intergradation has been taken as evidence of substantial genetic exchange between the two taxa. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evidence for intrasexual selection in wild female baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • Some consider the word baboon to have been derived from the name of the Egyptian baboon-god Babi. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • At the definitive host scale, we observed that host factors can shape the genetic composition of parasite infra-populations. (ifremer.fr)
  • In subsequent years, an additional 276 serum samples from baboons in Kenya supported the absence of T. pallidum in- Seroprevalence of fection. (cdc.gov)
  • Additionally, it adds important data on baboon mating behaviour which is essential for comparative analyses. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • The comparative genomics and complex population history of Papio baboons. (upf.edu)
  • The aim is to understand the evolution of male infanticide and female counter-strategies to infanticide. (rutgers.edu)
  • Conversely, female sociality is indicated to have driven the evolution of socio-cognitive skills. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this review, we describe the genetic diversity of HTLV-1, and analyze the molecular mechanisms that are at play in HTLV-1 evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Analysis using generalized linear mixed models supported our prediction that migrant males in Suaq preferentially peered at the local adult females. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of such traits, baboons have been used to study obesity, heart disease , epilepsy, and other human diseases . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The results of my study showed that genital ulcers have a major impact at a pre-copulatory level by influencing female mate choice. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Our study provides valuable information on the transmission dynamics of HIV drug resistance in the context of high genetic diversity in Bulgaria, for the development of enhanced prevention strategies to end the epidemic. (cdc.gov)
  • The goal of this study was to identify molecular changes associated with healthy aging in the livers of female baboons ( Papio sp. (bvsalud.org)
  • Strong and consistent social bonds enhance the longevity of female baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • Clinical and experimental studies have indicated that exposure to DEHP is associated with developmental abnormalities of the reproductive system particularly of male neonates, endometriosis and miscarriage in women, low sperm counts and lower sperm motility and DNA integrity in men, and placental problems with higher rates of low birth weight, premature birth, and fetal loss in laboratory animals. (endometriosi.it)
  • Male baboon responses to experimental manipulations of loud 'wahoo calls': testing an honest signal of fighting ability. (upenn.edu)
  • Collaborators in this project include Dr. Dorothy Cheney (Biology, University of Pennsylvania) and Dr. Robert Seyfarth (Psychology, University of Pennsylvania) for the Botswama component, and Dr. Clifford Jolly (Anthropology, New York University), Dr. Anthrony di Fiore (NYU) and Joseph Lorenz (Central Washington University) who are conducting genetic analyses. (rutgers.edu)
  • To understand whether the impact of TP-associated genital ulcerations is only restricted to the pre-copulatory level, I extended the same analyses to the female post-copulatory behaviours. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • The degree of male intra-sexual selection was not correlated with relative neocortex size, which instead was significantly positively correlated with female social group size, but negatively correlated with male group size. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Sexual selection on males and social selection on females have exerted different effects on primate brain architecture. (biomedcentral.com)
  • One well-known instance of this process in mammals is male-male competition for sexual access to females, which has resulted in a diverse array of characters important for males in conflict situations [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We determined the prevalence of surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRMs) and HIV-1 genetic diversity in Bulgaria during 2012-2020 using polymerase sequences from 1053 of 2010 (52.4%) antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive individuals. (cdc.gov)
  • Genetic diversity was inferred using automated subtyping tools and phylogenetics. (cdc.gov)
  • First, in male patients, we observed a positive link between parasite genetic diversity and the age of the patients. (ifremer.fr)
  • Understanding S. mansoni genetic diversity and population structure of isolates from human and non-human primate hosts living in close proximity showed the occurrence of infection of a single host with multiple S. mansoni strains and inter- and intra-host genetic variations. (ifremer.fr)
  • Genetic diversity indices (He, Ar, Fis and number of breeders) for each infrapopulation. (ifremer.fr)
  • Transcontinental (a-TC), Japanese (a-Jpn), West-African (a-WA), North-African (a-NA), and Senegalese (a-Sen). Within each subgroup, the genetic diversity is low. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At about 6 weeks' gestation, the wolffian ducts regress in females because testosterone and müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS) are not secreted in the absence of testis. (medscape.com)
  • At population scale we showed strong genetic structure between the three sample sites. (ifremer.fr)
  • Similarly, there was a decrease in the likelihood of copulation when females were infected (regardless of the genital health status of the male), which hints towards potential pain avoidance. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • His current interests focus on a feature of primate biology that largely differentiates these animals from most other mammals: cohesive social bonds between adult males and females persisting beyond estrus. (rutgers.edu)
  • People with multiple seizure triggers tend to have idiopathic or genetic generalized epilepsy with unprovoked seizures. (medscape.com)
  • I investigated whether genital ulcers would alter the frequency of female copulation calls, post-copulatory withdraw (i.e. darting) and the occurrence of post-copulatory grooming. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Testosterone related to age and life-history stages in male baboons and geladas. (upenn.edu)
  • Paternity alone does not predict long-term investment in juveniles by male baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • There are a number of genetic and physiological similarities between baboons and humans , including organ sizes, presence of menopause, and structures of major tissues . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Like humans, baboons respond to stress through the release of stress hormones , and these two groups have about 91 percent genetic similarity. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Nonetheless, the gulf between humans and baboons is immense, as people exhibit complex languages , complex technologies , and complex social behaviors ( religions , politics, etc.), among numerous other differences. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Conversely, because female fitness is more closely linked to ecological factors and social interactions that enable better acquisition of resources, social selection on females should select for brain components important for navigating social networks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The varying influence of older siblings in rank acquisition by female baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • Social bonds in female baboons: The interaction between personality, kinship, and rank. (upenn.edu)
  • The benefits of social capital: Close social bonds among female baboons enhance offspring survival. (upenn.edu)
  • Occurrence of infection of a single host with multiple S. mansoni strains and inter- and intra-host genetic variations was observed. (ifremer.fr)
  • HTLV-1 exhibits a remarkable genetic stability, however, viral strains have been classified in several genotypes and subgroups, which often mirror the geographic origin of the viral strain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Using publicly available data, we demonstrate the analysis of viral genetic distance networks and introduce a novel approach to minimum spanning trees that simplifies results. (cdc.gov)
  • Stability of partner choice among female baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • The mature and ejaculated spermatozoa are carried to the female tract in seminal plasma, which supports key sperm functions such as interactions with the various environments of the tubular genital tract, with the oocyte and with the female immune system and potentially helps modulate sperm rejection or tolerance [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The müllerian ducts develop into the female genital tract in a cephalocaudal fashion. (medscape.com)
  • 150 serum samples from wild-caught baboons ( Papio sp. (cdc.gov)
  • Baboons in captivity have been known to live up to 45 years, while in the wild their life expectancy is about 30 years. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • The post-copulatory behaviour of females was not altered in relation to visible signs of disease, which means TP does play role on a pre-copulatory level but not at a post-copulatory level.This dissertation sheds light on behavioural avoidance in wild NHPs in relation to STIs and contributes to a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions and pathogen-avoidance. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Contingent cooperation in wild female baboons. (upenn.edu)
  • We quantified PFC changes associated with healthy aging in female baboons by integrating multiple omics data types (transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics) from samples across the adult age span. (bvsalud.org)
  • Bushmeat samples were obtained through a strategy specifically designed not to increase demand: women preparing and preserving the meat for subsequent sale and hunters already involved in the trade were asked for permission to sample blood and tissues from carcasses, which were then returned. (cdc.gov)
  • We evaluated 84 ovarian cysts with high internal echogenicity diagnosed in 70 consecutive women. (endometriosi.it)
  • Remnants of the paramesonephric or mesonephric ducts may persist in the female as paratubal cysts or hydatid cysts of Morgagni. (medscape.com)