Genetic carbohydrate sequence. Medical search. Frequent questions

Unlike proteins and nucleic acids which are linear, carbohydrates are often branched and extremely complex. (wikipedia.org)
c) Genome is further categorized into type of nucleic acid, size of the genome, linear or circular, number and size of segments, nucleotide sequence, presence of isomerization, etc. (botnam.com)
Aptamers are short nucleic acid sequences capable of specific, high-affinity molecular binding. (genomicglossaries.com)
Lengthways with lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates, nucleic acids constitute one of the four main macromolecules vital for all recognized procedures of life. (tsijournals.com)
Studies of AMINO ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY and NUCLEIC ACID SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY provide useful information about the genetic relatedness of genes, gene products, and species. (bvsalud.org)

In the current release of the PGG.Han database, we collect data of 114,783 individuals in total, including whole-genome sequencing data of 12,197 samples and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of 102,586 samples. (biosino.org)
Using all the whole-genome sequencing data of Han Chinese samples as reference data, the 102,586 samples are carefully imputed so that the final data set 8,056,973 genome-wide SNPs. (biosino.org)
The scientists isolated 20 different gut bacteria that preliminary genetic analyses indicate have probiotic qualities, and for this paper they performed whole genome sequencing on a novel Paenibacillus strain. (sciencedaily.com)
Seal added that the researchers plan to perform whole genome sequencing on four or five other bacterial species among the 20 isolates. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers selected three black and two red rice varieties for whole-genome sequencing. (technologynetworks.com)
We analyzed 33,187 participants free of diabetes from 10 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine program cohorts with whole-genome sequencing, self-reported diet, and glycemic trait data. (northwestern.edu)
Rapid Whole Genome Sequencing Diagnoses and Guides Treatment in Critically Ill Children in Belgium in Less than 40 Hours. (cdc.gov)

Phylogenetic tree of genus Bifidobacterium based on the concatenated amino acid sequences of 355 core genes of all type strains. (soken.ac.jp)
To date, genetic changes in several distinct genes have been reported to cause PSS. (rarediseases.org)
2010) Cellulosilyticum ruminicola, a newly described rumen bacterium that possesses redundant fibrolytic-protein-encoding genes and degrades lignocellulose with multiple carbohydrate- borne fibrolytic enzymes. (concordia.ca)
Prospective association analysis based on core drought-regulated genes may simplify the process of identifying favourable alleles, and help to understand the genetic basis of the response to terminal drought. (biomedcentral.com)
We report haplotyping data for 17 starch biosynthesis/degradation genes demonstrating the broad diversity among H. spontaneum accessions and H. vulgare landraces but rather limited genetic variance in the current elite breeding germplasm by fixing certain haplotypes. (biomedcentral.com)
The physiological conditions experienced by a microbial community can thus be inferred using meta-transcriptomic sequencing by comparing transcription levels of specifically chosen genes. (osti.gov)
DNA sequence analysis revealed 11 ORFs homologous to genes involved in LPS synthesis of other bacteria. (unipr.it)
If genomics involves the study of genes and proteomics deals with proteins, glycomics examines the role of carbohydrates, which are organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. (fapesp.br)
Genes, which are formed by the nucleotides and are grouped in longer sequences of DNA (chromosomes), represent the meaning of the code. (fapesp.br)

Glycoinformatics is a field of bioinformatics that pertains to the study of carbohydrates involved in protein post-translational modification. (wikipedia.org)
Even though glycosylation is the most common form of protein modification, with highly complex carbohydrate structures, the bioinformatics on glycome is still very poor. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, the goal of this Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) is to invite research projects using state-of-the-art methods of protein carbohydrate analyses to understand the potential impact of glycosylation on the etiology of AD and biomarker discovery. (nih.gov)
Tree was constructed by merging the common protein sequences in all the strains. (soken.ac.jp)
We have used protein and DNA sequencing strategies to examine the genetic basis of diversity in murine anti-GAC antibodies. (silverchair.com)
In particular, we report that, (a) multiple, closely homologous VH gene segments contribute to the generation of anti-GAC antibodies, (b) a common framework sequence, related to the VK27 subgroup, probably defines VK1GAC, and (c) the A/J anti-GAC VH regions and BALB/c anti-inulin VH sequences are 95% homologous at the protein level and are likely encoded by overlapping VH gene families. (silverchair.com)
Wheat grains (seeds) contains about 10 percent water, 14 percent protein, 2 percent fat , 2 percent ash and 72 percent carbohydrates. (factsanddetails.com)
Affected individuals often have specific food preferences, preferring protein-rich and fatty foods and avoiding carbohydrate-rich foods. (medlineplus.gov)
Microorganisms capable of catabolizing lignin-derived ar- carbohydrate and protein components of the organic matter omatics are essentially fungi and bacteria (Bugg et al. (lu.se)

Furthermore, chromatophore-localized biosynthetic pathways as well as multiprotein complexes include proteins of dual genetic origin, suggesting that mechanisms evolved that coordinate gene expression levels between chromatophore and nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
Glycosylation is a post-translational modification in which a sugar (or carbohydrate) is attached to a hydroxyl or other functional group of a macro molecule (such as DNA, lipids and proteins). (nih.gov)
Cellular creatures use messenger RNA (mRNA) to take genetic info (using the nitrogenous bases of guanine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine, denoted by the letters G, U, A, and C) that directs synthesis of specific proteins. (tsijournals.com)
The cell wall comprises between 50% and 60% of a plant's biomass and is rich in complex carbohydrates (the polysaccharides cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin), as well as structural proteins and lignin, a polymer that gives it rigidity. (fapesp.br)

2009). Genetic structure of the Han Chinese population revealed by genome-wide SNP variation. (biosino.org)
The GCRF Foundation Award project will enable a set of 100 wild relatives of cassava from 24 different species to have their genomes sequenced to identify genetic variation. (lancs.ac.uk)
Abstract: Effective interpretation of genome function and genetic variation requires a shift from epigenetic mapping of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) to characterization of endogenous function. (harvard.edu)
Both processes require genetic variation in adaptive traits within populations. (harvard.edu)
To detect further genetic variation, they sequenced an additional 46 varieties. (technologynetworks.com)
Few studies have demonstrated reproducible gene-diet interactions (GDIs) impacting metabolic disease risk factors, likely due in part to measurement error in dietary intake estimation and insufficient capture of rare genetic variation. (northwestern.edu)
This study is based on the characterization of genetic variation in barley, with a view to enhancing its response to terminal drought stress. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we present a SNP-based genetic map of barley, specifically focussing on nucleotide variation in ESTs demonstrated to be involved in the response of barley to drought stress occurring at early vegetative stages, during anthesis and the grain filling process. (biomedcentral.com)
2012. Assessment genetic variation and relationship of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb. (unipa.ac.id)

90 samples (overlapping with CHB and CHS in the 1000 Genomes Projects) were sequenced by BGI-Shenzhen at a high depth (~80×) (Lan et al. (biosino.org)
The genomes of 11,670 women Han Chinese were sequenced by the CONVERGE project as a control group for the investigation of major depressive disorders (Chiang et al. (biosino.org)
Even though the genomes of several japonica and indica rice varieties have been assembled, full genome sequences are only available for a few pigmented varieties," he says. (technologynetworks.com)
Whether it's creating vaccines or detecting Pseudomonas, the holy grail for synthetic biologists lies in a greater understanding of genomes - the complete set of genetic material in a living cell. (imperial.ac.uk)

The HMP in particular includes, for each sample, both 16S rRNA gene surveys and shotgun metagenomic sequences, from a subset of the subjects recruited at two geographically distant locations in the United States. (biomedcentral.com)
The aim of this project is to sequence related Euglena, at transcriptomic, genomic and metagenomic levels. (econeill.com)
Culture independent metagenomic studies have been used to reveal the genetic content of the bacterial species within gut microbiomes. (concordia.ca)

VSG reduced body weight and fat mass and improved glucose metabolism and also shifted preference toward carbohydrates and away from fat. (duke.edu)
We also have identified the groups based on glycosyl hydrolases involved in carbohydrate metabolism in correlation with the host dietary habits. (soken.ac.jp)
Furthermore, the animals' metabolism shifted from using both carbohydrates and fat to solely relying on fat, a key characteristic of torpor. (scienceblog.com)
The inferred functional profiles of the latter type were dominated by metabolic pathways associated with the carbohydrate metabolism with enrichment of glycosidase functions. (nih.gov)
These results contribute to a better more biomass-derived carbohydrates are also used for produc- understanding of the aromatic metabolism of P. putida in tion of chemicals, a further valorization of lignin is an essential terms of growth and uptake rates, which will be helpful for component. (lu.se)

To do this, the researchers screened 63 varieties of black, red and brown rice, with black rice showing the best nutrient content across a wide range of compounds, including carbohydrates, amino acids, secondary metabolites, lipids, peptides and vitamins. (technologynetworks.com)

Lastly, we discuss the genetic mechanisms that might permit the evolution of multiple, closely homologous germline VH gene segments in the context of highly divergent flanking region sequences. (silverchair.com)

This study aimed to identify salivary microbiota cluster groups using hierarchical cluster analyses (Wards method) based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and identify lifestyle and host factors which were associated with these groups. (nih.gov)

They are isolated via SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment), an evolutionary process that involves iterative rounds of selection and amplification before sequencing and aptamer characterization. (genomicglossaries.com)
In this review, we discuss both the genetic and enzymatic characterization of 11beta-HSD1, as well as describing its role in physiology and pathology in a tissue-specific manner. (ox.ac.uk)

Genomic sequencing of A. fulgidus suggests that three [Ni-Fe]-CODHs are present, a "bacterial" monomeric CooS and two archaeal CdhAB-type CODHs [ 9 - 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our genomic analyses support the hypothesis that bifidobacterial strains have been subjected to genetic adaptations to their host environment. (soken.ac.jp)

The diagram below illustrates metabolic pathways of carbohydrates. (medscape.com)
With GSDs, carbohydrate metabolic pathways are blocked at various levels and excess glycogen accumulates in affected tissues. (medscape.com)

The bacterium encodes enzymes that can digest complex carbohydrates such as starches, Seal said. (sciencedaily.com)
Glycosylation and complex carbohydrates have been reported to play many critical roles in the early pathogenesis and progression of AD, but the potential of these molecules to serve as biomarkers and targets of disease intervention remains largely unexplored. (nih.gov)

Phenotypic and Draft Genome Sequence Analyses of a Paenibacillus sp. (sciencedaily.com)
In main effect meta-analyses, participants consuming more carbohydrate had modestly lower glycemic trait values (e.g., for glycated hemoglobin [HbA 1c ], 20.013% HbA 1c /250 kcal substitution). (northwestern.edu)
In GDI meta-analyses, a common African ancestry-enriched variant (rs79762542) reached studywide significance and replicated in the UK Biobank cohort, indicating a negative carbohydrate-HbA 1c association among major allele homozygotes only. (northwestern.edu)

This research was conducted by preparing plant samples, extracting DNA, amplifying DNA with a PCR tools, visualizing the results of DNA amplification, sequencing, editing DNA sequencing, and blasting. (unipa.ac.id)
In conclution, DNA amplification is a rapid, reliable and accurate method with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA sequences and it can replace the conventional culture method in the diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculosis meningitis except in the situation when antibiotic sensitivity results are required. (who.int)

Biochemical assay for enzyme activity and gene sequencing is the method of definitive diagnosis. (medscape.com)
Plant cell wall degrading enzyme modules including glycoside hydrolases, carbohydrate esterases and polysaccharide lyases were identified from over 2500 contigs. (concordia.ca)
The muskoxen rumen metatranscriptome demonstrates a much higher percentage of cellulase enzyme discovery and an 8.7x higher rate of total carbohydrate active enzyme discovery per gigabase of sequence than previous rumen metagenomes. (concordia.ca)

The aim of this study is to investigate the adaptation of bifidobacterial species to various hosts and to examine the genetic biodiversity of bifidobacterial species from various hosts like human, non-human primates, bat and other organisms by decoding genome sequences. (soken.ac.jp)

Euglena controls gene expression at post transcriptionally, meaning that the transcriptome at any given time is a good representation of the genome, and avoids the difficulties of sequencing their large complex genome. (econeill.com)
Evidence from genome-wide association studies highlight the importance of genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of obesity and how they in turn affect the transcriptome, metabolites, microbiomes, and proteomes. (springermedizin.at)

Polyadenylated RNA (mRNA) was sequenced on the Illumina Genome Analyzer II system and 2.8 gigabases of sequences were obtained and 59129 contigs assembled. (concordia.ca)

University scientists have described the first chip- based chemical strategy for rapidly screening carbohydrates for biologically useful activity. (genomicglossaries.com)
In practical terms, scientists take sequences of DNA and put them together in different combinations within a cell, thereby programming cells to behave in new ways. (imperial.ac.uk)
In 2010, British scientists announced that they had decoded the genetic sequence of wheat - one of the world's oldest and most important crops. (factsanddetails.com)

Their research strategy included advanced genetic engineering to generate mutant flies of specific gene knockout strains (in which genetic expression has been inactivated or deleted) and knock-in strains (in which a one-for-one substitution of a genetic sequence has been created at a particular location). (tsukuba.ac.jp)
We fit cohort-specific, multivariable-adjusted linear mixed models for the effect of diet, modeled as an isocaloric substitution of carbohydrate for fat, and its interactions with common and rare variants genome-wide. (northwestern.edu)

While the productivity of the cereals has risen greatly since their domestication, in response to farmer selection and methodical breeding, there are indications that the increasing fixation of elite alleles in modern breeding germplasm is already inhibiting further genetic gain. (biomedcentral.com)

Most mouse strains are able to mount a diverse antibody response against group A streptococcal carbohydrate (GAC). (silverchair.com)
Some strains also express lipopolysaccharides (LPS), with O-antigen-like carbohydrate repeats. (unipr.it)
More than 68 percent had less than 5 copies of the IS sequence suggesting that our local M.tuberculosis strains have a fewer number of copies compared to data shown in most countries. (who.int)

For instance, just four sugars can be strung together to form more than 5 million different types of carbohydrates or nine different sugars may be assembled into 15 million possible four-sugar-chains. (wikipedia.org)
One of the main constrains in the glycoinformatics is the difficulty of representing sugars in the sequence form especially due to their branching nature. (wikipedia.org)

With these more than 100K Han Chinese samples being whole-genome sequenced to high coverage (~30 - 80×), or low-coverage (~1.7 - 4×), or high-density genome-wide SNP genotyped or imputed, we constructed the first and the largest reference panel specific to the Han Chinese population, a.k.a. (biosino.org)

Cells could be made to convert carbohydrates to fuel - or to detect disease-causing bacteria. (imperial.ac.uk)

It broadly includes (but is not restricted to) database, software, and algorithm development for the study of carbohydrate structures, glycoconjugates, enzymatic carbohydrate synthesis and degradation, as well as carbohydrate interactions. (wikipedia.org)

Associated Press reported: "University of Liverpool scientist Neil Hall, whose team cracked the code, said the information could eventually help breeders of varieties of wheat better identify genetic variations responsible for disease resistance, drought tolerance and yield. (factsanddetails.com)

The modern dog diet, high in carbohydrates, does not reflect a wolf's diet -- for example, starches in processed dog food are resistant to digestion, and that can have a negative impact on the microbial community in a dog's GI tract and in turn its gastric physiology. (sciencedaily.com)

The experiment aimed to compare the effects of BA and mT on the regeneration from explants of Daphne mezereum , on the levels of several chemical components, the catalase activity, and to assess genetic diversity of microcuttings. (mdpi.com)
The Newton-Caldas project will enable NIAB and CIAT to explore the naturally occurring genetic diversity within the collection and make this information available to breeders and researchers via tools developed in partnership with SRUC. (lancs.ac.uk)
This study aims to determine the morphological and genetic diversity based on the mat-K gene marker of 15 accessions of sago pal that have been collected by the Sago Research Consortium. (unipa.ac.id)
Genetic Diversity of Sago Palm in Indonesia Based on Chloroplast DNA (CpDNA) Markers. (unipa.ac.id)
Sago palm genetic resource diversity in Indonesia. (unipa.ac.id)
2020. Genetic diversity of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) accessions based on plastid cpDNA matK gene as DNA barcoding. (unipa.ac.id)
A Better Way to Find RNA Virus Needles in the Proverbial Database Haystacks Researchers combed through more than 5,000 data sets of RNA sequences generated from diverse environmental samples around the world, resulting in a five-fold increase of RNA virus diversity. (doe.gov)

Economic Evaluation of Next-generation Sequencing Techniques in Diagnosis of Genetic Disorders: A Systematic Review. (cdc.gov)

Many phage have proved useful in the study of molecular biology and as vectors for the transfer of genetic information between cells lambda bacteriophage can also undergo a lytic cycle or can enter a lysogenic cycle, in which the page DNA is incorporated into that of the host, awaiting a signal that initiates events leading to replication of the virus and lysis of the host cell. (genomicglossaries.com)

DNA is made up of a sequence of four different types of nucleotides (the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) or thymine (T)), plus monosaccharide deoxyribose and a phosphate. (fapesp.br)
Genetic sequences of the bases are read in groups of three (called a triplet), with a possibility of 64 configurations or "words" in which to code information. (cdc.gov)

Anyone who appreciates bread or beer knows how important yeast is, particularly its ability to convert carbohydrates to carbon dioxide and alcohols through fermentation. (imperial.ac.uk)

It is for this reason that carbohydrates are often considered as the "information poor" molecules. (wikipedia.org)
The way in which the monosaccharides, the simplest carbohydrates, come together and form polysaccharides, the larger molecules present in the cell walls of plants, is not random," says Buckeridge. (fapesp.br)
The various combinations and quantities of these large carbohydrate molecules generate structures with particular architectures, and therefore different chemical and mechanical properties. (fapesp.br)

Sequences for all of the known enzymes involved in TIAs synthesis were identified. (biomedcentral.com)

Molecular, cellular, and physiological studies of glycobiology to define the functional sequences of genetic risk factors for AD. (nih.gov)

This increases the complexity of analysis and experimental reproducibility of the carbohydrate structure of interest. (wikipedia.org)

another 98 samples were also sequenced to high coverage (~30×) and obtained from a previous study (Sung et al. (biosino.org)
In this study, RNA-sequencing of pooled Uncaria capsules RNA samples taken at three developmental stages that accumulate different amount of RIN and IRN was performed. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we investigated the genetic architecture controlling grain free amino acid composition and its relationship to other traits in a Robigus × Claire doubled haploid population. (rothamsted.ac.uk)
Access to human germline cell types for study is limited, and little is known about the underlying genetic regulation of human gametogenesis. (harvard.edu)
The comparative analysis in this study has revealed the important features of bifidobacteria in various hosts such as their contribution in metabolizing the host dietary carbohydrates. (soken.ac.jp)
We studied 1371 individuals in the Malmö Offspring Study who had provided faecal samples to be analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. (lu.se)
In this study, the potential use of PCR was investigated using the primers Pt8-Pt9 based on the insertion sequence IS 6110 of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (Kolk etal, 1992). (who.int)

In this case, the signs are the monosaccharides, the simplest forms of carbohydrates, such as glucose, fructose and galactose. (fapesp.br)

The ancestry of participants is determined based on self-reported data and their genetic profile. (biosino.org)
Structural biologists will undoubtedly address this issue most effectively, but at present, intriguing molecular genetic data strongly suggest connections between RBDs and fusion apparati in the context of the native S trimers. (globaltechbiz.com)
The scope of studies ranges from those focused-on sequencing, mass spectrometry, bioimaging and other high-through-put techniques in data to medicine, pharmacology, and populational studies. (nih.gov)
Mapping Switchgrass Traits with Common Gardens The combination of field data and genetic information has allowed researchers to associate climate adaptations with switchgrass biology. (doe.gov)

Diseases and disorders can be associated with misspellings or genetic mutations. (bvsalud.org)

Conventional usage of the term does not currently include the treatment of carbohydrates from the better-known nutritive aspect. (wikipedia.org)

These initiatives were successful thanks to the application of sophisticated hybridization techniques (notably, this did not entail genetic modification). (medscape.com)

Of all the genetic marker types available, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant, and thus offer the greatest level of genetic resolution. (biomedcentral.com)

Cutting-edge laboratory techniques were used to reveal the genetic and molecular signaling pathways and underlying cellular mechanisms. (tsukuba.ac.jp)

by alterations in the hydrophobic forces between sequences that weaken or strengthen their expression. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
Direct and indirect ionization of DNA is ultimately responsible for the DNA alterations that adversely affect the structural and genetic integrity of the system. (cdc.gov)

Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Children With Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Diagnostic Yield and Predictors of a Genetic Cause. (cdc.gov)

To understand the thinking of the USP researchers, it can be useful to draw a parallel between the glycomic code and the genetic code, which is the most recognized biological code. (fapesp.br)

Obesity is commonly characterized as the accumulation of body fat that results when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, although individuals respond differently to this imbalance due to genetic predisposition. (springermedizin.at)

Anatomy1

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs7

Phenomena and Processes6

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Information Science3

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Nucleic5

Whole Genome Sequencing7

Genes9

Protein9

Proteins4

Variation9

Genomes4

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Lipids1

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Characterization2

Genomic2

Metabolic pathways2

Complex carbohydrates2

Analyses3

Amplification2

Enzyme3

Species1

Transcriptome2

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Scientists3

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Further genetic1

Strains3

Sugars2

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Enzymatic1

Identify genetic1

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Molecular biology1

Bases2

Yeast1

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Study7

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