Genes diabetes mellitus type 2. Medical search. Frequent questions

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (DM) in Malaysia. (nih.gov)
Objectives: The study aimed to explore the predictors affecting patient satisfaction to glucose monitoring system (GMSS) and drug attitude inventory (DAI) / treatment adherence among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. (eurekaselect.com)

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of Pro12Ala polymorphism in the PPAR-γ2 gene with susceptibility to obesity or T2DM in a Cameroonian population. (biomedcentral.com)
PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala gene polymorphism may not be associated with obesity and T2DM. (biomedcentral.com)
These results suggest that, PPAR-γ2 is unlikely a major gene for obesity or T2DM in the study population. (biomedcentral.com)
The prevalence of obesity and T2DM is increasing dramatically and WHO reports that more than 500 million people are obese [ 1 ] and 387 million have diabetes [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Some genes are thought to be involved in the development of T2DM and obesity amongst which, the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) gene. (biomedcentral.com)
This study aims to investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF- α ) G308A gene polymorphism on essential hypertension (EHT) with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (geneticsmr.com)
Overall, we show that G308A polymorphism of the TNF- α gene may be a significant genetic risk factor for EHT without T2DM patients in Malaysia. (geneticsmr.com)
Transcription factor 7-like 2 ( TCF7L2 ) variants have been associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in multiple ethnic groups. (medscape.com)
There was no significant difference in allele and genotype frequencies of +276G>T between type T2DM patients and controls. (who.int)
The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the plasma levels of FABP3 at different stages of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (medsci.org)
Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with GS with type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). (bvsalud.org)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are major age-related diseases and both of them share environmental and genetic components. (usda.gov)
Background Common polymorphisms within the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene are suggested to be associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the potential association with T2DM complications (nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy) remains unclear. (muni.cz)

The researchers decided to continue their studies on the variant most strongly associated with the disease, a single nucleotide polymorphism -- or SNP -- occurring in the TCF7L2 gene. (sciencedaily.com)
For example, variants of the ADIPOQ gene (the rs266729 single-nucleotide polymorphism) are associated with obesity and diabetes in various Arab countries. (who.int)

ABSTRACT The Arab world is experiencing an epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. (who.int)

The recent advent of molecular genetics and big data analysis suggested several genes get associated with the type 2 diabetes. (gpub.org)
The research, published online Jan. 31, 2010, in the journal Nature Genetics, presents the first high-resolution atlas of these regulatory elements in the most studied cell type for treatment and prevention of type II diabetes. (sciencedaily.com)
Background Cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus represent overlapping diseases where a large portion of the variation attributable to genetics remains unexplained. (usda.gov)

42(2): 239-248, 2023 Mar 15. (bvsalud.org)

Type 2 diabetes is a disorder characterized by abnormally high levels of blood glucose, also called blood sugar. (medlineplus.gov)
A fingerstick glucose test is appropriate for virtually all patients with diabetes. (medscape.com)
All patients with type 1 diabetes should learn how to self-monitor and record their blood glucose levels with home analyzers and adjust their insulin doses accordingly. (medscape.com)
Most require 2 or more injections of insulin daily, with doses adjusted on the basis of self-monitoring of blood glucose levels. (medscape.com)
Diabetes mellitus is one of the main metabolic problems associated with an elevated level of blood glucose. (gpub.org)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 ( PPAR-γ2 ) is a transcription factor with a key role in adipocyte differentiation, lipid storage and glucose homeostasis. (biomedcentral.com)
The role of other mitochondrial gene defects in diabetes and the pathophysiological basis of glucose intolerance in patients with the MELAS mutation requires further elucidation. (nih.gov)
81 subjects with diabetes on continuous glucose monitoring were divided into two groups according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. (hindawi.com)
The levels of HbA1c and fasting glucose and the magnitude of dawn phenomenon were significantly higher in the diabetes group with poor sleep quality than that with good sleep quality. (hindawi.com)
2 ]. By using a continuous glucose monitoring system, dawn phenomenon could be determined by the difference between nocturnal nadir and prebreakfast glucose levels [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, fasting glucose levels are one of the most important targets in the management of type 2 diabetes, and these can be affected by the dawn phenomenon. (hindawi.com)
Sleep disorder is associated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance in multiple metabolic pathways in healthy subjects or in subjects with diabetes [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Disruption of these clock genes affects locomotor activity, feeding behavior, metabolism, and glucose homeostasis [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Ce syndrome se caractérise par l'association d'anomalies incluant une résistance à l'insuline, un hyper-insulinisme, une intolérance au glucose ou un diabète de type 2, une hypertension artérielle et des troubles du métabolisme lipidique et de la coagulation. (erudit.org)
It is characterized by a cluster of risk factors of atherosclerosis including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and coagulation abnormalities. (erudit.org)
When the IDE gene was specifically disrupted in mice, IDE -/- animals developed hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance, characteristics of DM2 (5). (rndsystems.com)
After 3 weeks, we compared body weight, food intake, plasma levels of lipids and glucose, and the expression patterns of the clock genes and the genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver and WAT. (researchgate.net)
When a patient is diagnosed with GS and type 2 diabetes, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) can be used to control the blood glucose level and assist in raising blood magnesium. (bvsalud.org)
An important player in their pathogenesis is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), a key regulator of gene expression that is involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. (usda.gov)
Prediabetes is defined by a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL or a 2-hour post-oral glucose tolerance test (post-OGTT) glucose level of 140-200 mg/dL. (medscape.com)
Metabolic syndrome, thought to be due to insulin resistance, can occur in patients with overtly normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, or diabetes. (medscape.com)
Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type I, also known as von Gierke disease, is a group of inherited autosomal recessive metabolic disorders of the glucose-6- phosphatase system which helps maintain glucose homeostasis. (medscape.com)
[ 1 ] In 1952, Cori and Cori demonstrated that glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) deficiency was a cause of GSD type I. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] In 1978, Narisawa et al proposed that a transport defect of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) into the microsomal compartment may be present in some patients with GSD type I. (medscape.com)
GSD type Id is deficiency in a transporter that translocates free glucose molecules from microsomes into the cytosol. (medscape.com)

Blue squares indicate phenotypes directly attributed to mutations/alleles of this gene. (jax.org)
Mutations of the MTHFD1 gene may cause methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 deficiency, also known as combined immunodeficiency and megaloblastic anemia with or without hyperhomocysteinemia (CIMAH). (wikipedia.org)
Studies that utilize genome-wide profiling methods which attempt to explain the differences between two or more experimental conditions such as cells treated with a drug vs. control, diseased tissue vs. normal, gene or protein expression at different time points during cellular differentiation or reprogramming, or candidate gene lists harboring mutations associated with a particular disease, produce lists of genes/proteins without apparent functional relationship. (biomedcentral.com)
RATIONALE: Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive tubulopathy caused by mutations of the SLC12A3 gene. (bvsalud.org)
Mutations in this gene have been associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 2 (MODY2) and persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI). (thermofisher.com)
For practical purposes, depending on the enzyme activity and the presence of mutations in the G6Pase and T genes, respectively, GSD type I may be subdivided into 2 major forms. (medscape.com)
It is an autosomal recessive disorder in which there is an AGL gene mutations which causes deficiency in glycogen debranchinging enzyme and limited storage of dextrin. (medscape.com)

Patients with type 2 diabetes are generally obese, and may have acanthosis nigricans and/or hirsutism in conjunction with thick necks and chubby cheeks. (medscape.com)
This review summarizes the major pathological factors linking obesity to diabetes, focussing on current epidemiological data related to obese diabetic patients in the Arab world, the etiology of the disease and the genetic determinants of diabetes and obesity. (who.int)
Now, because more children are obese, about one third of children newly diagnosed with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. (msdmanuals.com)
Bone mineral density and risk of fractures in aging, obese post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes. (who.int)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has a high prevalence in aging obese postmenopausal women. (who.int)
OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to investigate whether type 2 DM produces a higher prevalence of vertebral, hip and non-vertebral fractures in obese postmenopausal Caucasian women. (who.int)
METHOD: This study was a prospective cohort of 111 patients with type 2 DM and 91 control individuals (CTR) over age 65 and obese, recruited from 16 centers in Spain. (who.int)
CONCLUSIONS: In obese postmenopausal Caucasian women, type 2 DM produces an increase in BMD of the lumbar spine without changes in BMD of the proximal femur or in QUS measurements of the heel. (who.int)

The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) code for type 1 diabetes without complications is E10.9. (medscape.com)
Both types have the same long-term complications. (scirp.org)
Untreated, diabetes can cause many complications. (wn.com)

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has a strong genetic component and maternal factors have recently been implicated in disease inheritance. (nih.gov)
To assess the importance of mitochondrial gene defects in NIDDM, 150 unrelated diabetic subjects from Wales, UK and 68 unrelated patients with diabetes and at least one affected sibling from England, UK were studied. (nih.gov)

Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension have been found to be closely associated with the incidence of NAFLD. (wjgnet.com)
Even bipartite networks, with only two types of nodes, have furthered our understanding on disease-gene relationships, and provided insight into the pathophysiological relationship across multiple diseases 6 . (nature.com)
The sedentary lifestyle increased risk of developing many chronic diseases and pathological states such as obesity, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) 3 . (nature.com)
We find an inverse correlation between the counts of links connecting disease genes through PPI and links connecting diseases genes through FANs, separating diseases into two categories. (biomedcentral.com)
Our finding that disease genes in many cancers are mostly connected through PPIs whereas other complex diseases, such as autism and type-2 diabetes, are mostly connected through FANs without PPIs, can guide better strategies for disease gene discovery. (biomedcentral.com)
Diabetes mellitus ( DM ), commonly referred to as diabetes , is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. (wn.com)
Since the 1970s the rates of Alzheimer's, Diabetes and Parkinson's diseases have increased in all age groups. (instituteofholisticnutrition.com)
We have reasonable evidence that human exposure to nitrosamines is at the root cause of not only Alzheimer's, but several other insulin-resistance diseases, including Type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, also known as NASH, and visceral obesity" says de la Monte. (instituteofholisticnutrition.com)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity are a major global health problem. (biomedcentral.com)
Obesity genotype score and cardiovascular risk in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (nih.gov)
Objective Eating out of phase with the endogenous biological clock alters clock and metabolic gene expression in rodents and can induce obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. (researchgate.net)
Background: Obesity is highly associated with elevated serum triglycerides, hepatic steatosis and type 2 diabetes (T2D). (dundee.ac.uk)
Aim of this study is to examine the relationship between PNPLA3 I148M genotypes and serum triglycerides, insulin resistance and T2D susceptibility by testing a gene-environment interaction model with severe obesity. (dundee.ac.uk)
There are alarming data related to the rising prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children of Arab ethnicity. (who.int)
Replication studies identify several genetic variants in Arabs with obesity- linked diabetes. (who.int)
Gaps exist in our information about diabetes and obesity in Arab populations in relation to ethnic-specific cut-off points for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. (who.int)

Twenty of these genes are known to harbor gene variants associated with type II diabetes. (sciencedaily.com)
Association analyses of variants in the DIO2 gene with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pima Indians. (bvsalud.org)
Variants in blood pressure genes and the risk of Accardi R, Rubino R, Scalise M et col . (2011). (who.int)

LL eliminated the circadian rhythms of the expression of the clock genes as well as most of the genes involved in lipid metabolism in both liver and WAT. (researchgate.net)
0.001) enrichment in genes associated with amine metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
Several SNPs fall close, or are linked by expression of genes related to lipid-metabolism, including CYP26A1. (usda.gov)

The Oriental rat flea ( X e nopsylla cheopis ), a parasite in an Adult Intensive Care Unit -- Idaho, 2021-2022 of rats, is the historical vector ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)

The majority of genetic variations associated with type 2 diabetes are thought to act by subtly changing the amount, timing, and location of gene activity (expression). (medlineplus.gov)
Genetic variations likely act together with health and lifestyle factors to influence an individual's overall risk of type 2 diabetes. (medlineplus.gov)
Background: Type 2 diabetes is thought to result from interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors, but few robust examples exist. (dissertations.se)
The discovery, made in pancreatic islet cells, opens new avenues for understanding the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes and other common illnesses. (sciencedaily.com)
The I148M (rs738409) genetic variant of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) is known to modulate hepatic triglyceride accumulation, leading to steatosis. (dundee.ac.uk)

E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic illness characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. (medscape.com)
The role of zinc deficiency which could at least potentially exacerbate the cytokinine-induced damage in autoimmune attack which destroys the islet cell in type 1 diabetes is still not clear. (scirp.org)
formerly insulin-dependent diabetes or juvenile diabetes ) is a form of diabetes mellitus that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin -producing beta cells in the pancreas . (wn.com)

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is the most common metabolic disease demonstrating itself by hyper- glycemia, due to impaired insulin secretion or action. (ac.ir)

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown in incidence to become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide [1] and is projected to surpass alcoholic liver disease as the leading cause of liver transplantation in the United States by 2030 [2]. (termedia.pl)
NAFLD can be classified based on histological progression: non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), NASH cirrhosis, and NASH-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [2]. (termedia.pl)

Consistently down-regulated genes included were bone morphogenetic phosphatase kinase (BMP2K), solute carrier family 12, member 1 (SLC12A1), solute carrier family 7 (SLC7A2), paternally expressed 10 (PEG10) and protein phosphatase 1 regulatory (inhibitor unit) (PPP1R1C). (nih.gov)
On the other hand, mechanisms that impair the circadian clock genes, such as circadian locomotor output cycles kaput ( CLOCK ), brain and muscle Arnt-like protein 1 ( BMAL1 ), and period genes ( PER1 , PER2 , and PER3 ), contribute to defective beta-cell function and development of type 2 diabetes [ 7 - 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
MTHFD1 is a gene located in humans on chromosome 14 that encodes for a protein with three distinct enzymatic activities. (wikipedia.org)
This gene encodes a protein that possesses three distinct enzymatic activities, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (1.5.1.5), methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase (3.5.4.9) and formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase (6.3.4.3). (wikipedia.org)
1. Lesage F, Fink M, Barhanin J, Lazdunski M, and Matti MG (1995) Assignment of human G-protein-coupled inward rectifier K + channel homolog GIRK3 gene to chromosome 1q21-q23. (aspetjournals.org)
2. Dissmann E, Wischmeyer E, Spauschus A, Karschin C, and Karschin A (1996) Cloning and functional expression and cellular localization of a rat brain G protein-activated K + inward rectifier GIRK3. (aspetjournals.org)
Protein-protein, cell signaling, metabolic, and transcriptional interaction networks are useful for identifying connections between lists of experimentally identified genes/proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
However, besides physical or co-expression interactions there are many ways in which pairs of genes, or their protein products, can be associated. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes2FANs is a web based tool and a database that utilizes 14 carefully constructed FANs and a large-scale protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to build subnetworks that connect lists of human and mouse genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Genes2FANs is a useful tool for interpreting the relationships between gene/protein lists in the context of their various functions and networks. (biomedcentral.com)
These lists are commonly analyzed using software tools and databases that map genes to known pathways or construct subnetworks that connect input lists of genes using known protein-protein or other types of molecular interactions [ 1 - 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
For instance, a system that we developed a few years ago, Genes2Networks, utilizes twelve protein-protein interaction databases to connect lists of mammalian gene products using a shortest path algorithm [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In the course of diabetes, complement components, including the central complement protein C3, are deregulated. (lu.se)

This study has identified several genes of interest, such as HLA-C, SLC16A3, SLC9A8, SLC12A1 and SLC7A2, that require verification of their roles as susceptibility genes for diabetic nephropathy in ethnic Malays with type 2 DM. (nih.gov)
TCF7L2 was discovered as a type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene after a strong linkage signal was mapped to chromosome 10q in a Mexican-American population. (medscape.com)

Patients with CKD are at a high risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality and are associated with increased treatment costs [ 2 ]. (medsci.org)

This study used microarray analysis to determine the gene expression profiling in ethnic Malay patients with type 2 DM. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, mRNA expression of circadian clock genes is dampened in peripheral leucocytes of subjects with poor sleep quality. (hindawi.com)
Another project-linked gene expression measurements and EHRs, an approach through which researchers were able to identify possible biomarkers for maturation and aging 10 . (nature.com)
More notably, LL markedly decreased not only the amplitude but also the average levels of the expression of the genes in the liver, but not in the WAT, suggesting that transcription in the liver is sensitive to constant light exposure. (researchgate.net)
Diet composition can also affect clock gene expression. (researchgate.net)
Here, we assessed the combined effect of diet composition and feeding time on (1) body composition, (2) energy balance, and (3) circadian expression of hepatic clock and metabolic genes. (researchgate.net)
This type of "systems-level" analysis is critical to the understanding of patterns of gene expression that underlie biological processes. (biomedcentral.com)
10,000) and affected by historical, demographic and selective constraints, providing a framework for the partitioning of variation in gene expression within and among populations. (biomedcentral.com)
These characteristics make F. heteroclitus an ideal species to investigate adaptive variation in gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Nitrosamines are problematic because they become reactive at the cellular level and that means they can alter gene expression and cause DNA damage. (naturalnews.com)
And further filtering of the data revealed 8 of these were significantly associated with altered gene expression in human adipose. (usda.gov)
A screen against the MuTHER expression quantitative trait locus data revealed 8 of these were significantly associated with altered gene expression in human adipose, more than would be expected by chance. (usda.gov)
Rt-qPCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of CNR1, circRNAs, and miRNAs in 55 controls, 55 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and 55 DKD patients. (bvsalud.org)

Deficiencies in IDE activity may contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and Alzheimer's disease. (rndsystems.com)

Transcript levels of circadian clock genes ( BMAL1 , PER1 , PER2 , and PER3 ) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (hindawi.com)

It is not unusual for patients with type 1 diabetes to present with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). (medscape.com)
Patients with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin therapy. (medscape.com)
Correctly determining whether a patient has type 1 or type 2 diabetes is important because patients with type 1 diabetes require continuous exogenous insulin for survival. (medscape.com)
When dealing with patients with known diabetes in the emergency department, distinguishing the type of diabetes can be difficult in 2 groups: (1) patients who are treated with insulin and are young but clinically appear to have type 2 diabetes, and (2) older patients with late-onset of diabetes who nonetheless take insulin and seem to share characteristics of patients with type 1 diabetes. (medscape.com)

Thus, searching for potential effective methods that may ameliorate a condition of insulin resistance and counteract the development of type 2 diabetes seems to be essential in preventing dementia or sarcopenia, leading at the same time to healthy aging. (nature.com)

On June 12, 2006, a 76-year-old man who had type 2 diabetes mellitus was examined at the emergency department of Drôme North Hospitals, Romans, France, for inflammation of chronic cutaneous ulcers of both legs and intermittent fever. (cdc.gov)
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes, characterized by the presence of pathological quantities of urine albumin excretion and/or accompanied by a gradual deterioration in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). (medsci.org)
Diabetes is a chronic disease that has spread widely, not only in high-income countries (HICs) but also in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) over recent decades. (springer.com)
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is associated with translocation between chromosome 9 & chromosome 22, t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) and with the formation of BCR-ABL fusion gene. (who.int)

Tools like the TIGR Gene index [ 35 ] and Unigene [ 36 ] provide significant information on many species, yet these databases do not meet the needs of functional genomics projects for many non-model species. (biomedcentral.com)
Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health Branch, Public Health Agency of the practice of medicine and public health [1,2]. (cdc.gov)

The gene diagnosis is the golden criterion while as functional diagnosis is of great value in differential diagnosis. (bvsalud.org)
Guideline] Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. (medscape.com)
Diagnostic utility of the examined biomarkers in prediction of early stages of tubulopathy development associated with diabetes and renal glomerular damage before albuminuria was demonstrated, thus creating the possibility of using their index as new diagnostic tools aimed at early diagnosis of kidney damage in diabetes in its preclinical stage. (krakow.pl)

Scientists have found a strong link between increasing levels of nitrates and nitrites in our food supply and increasing death rates from Alzheimer's, diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease. (naturalnews.com)
They found convincing parallels between age adjusted rises in mortality from certain illnesses -- Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and diabetes -- and the steadily increasing human exposure to nitrates, nitrites and nitrosamines through processed and preserved foods as well as fertilizers. (naturalnews.com)
The new research suggests that the cellular alterations that occur as a result of nitrosamine exposure create a process much like accelerated aging in the body and that could spur on the development of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. (naturalnews.com)
The results show that while nitrogen-containing fertilizer consumption increased by 230 percent between 1955 and 2005, its usage doubled between 1960 and 1980 -- and that's the time period just before the insulin-resistant epidemics of type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease began. (naturalnews.com)

But the approach is not limited to diabetes, or even pancreatic islet cells. (sciencedaily.com)
One of the hallmarks of type 1 but also type 2 diabetes is pancreatic islet inflammation, associated with altered pancreatic islet function and structure, if unresolved. (lu.se)
Alternative splicing of this gene results in three tissue-specific forms of glucokinase, one found in pancreatic islet beta cells and two found in liver. (thermofisher.com)

They found that the chromatin is more open in the presence of the high risk version of the gene (a T) than in the presence of the non-risk version (an A). Further analysis demonstrated that the risk variant enhanced the activity of the gene, indicating that it may possess functional characteristics that could contribute to disease. (sciencedaily.com)
By systematically incorporating knowledge on shared properties of genes from diverse sources to build functional association networks (FANs), researchers may be able to identify additional functional interactions between groups of genes that are not readily apparent. (biomedcentral.com)
KEGG pathway was used to predict the functional mechanism of the circRNA's target genes. (bvsalud.org)

Among the factors leading to pathological processes, microbes, viruses, gene dysregulation and immune system disorders have been described. (mdpi.com)

A lean patient who has had diabetes since childhood, who has always been dependent on insulin, or who has a history of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) almost certainly has type 1 diabetes. (medscape.com)

To select the genes with strong evidence of the association with type 2 diabetes mellitus, we validated the associations of the seven candidate loci extracted in our earlier study by genotyping the samples in two independent sample panels. (elsevierpure.com)
As no evidence of the gene-gene interaction for any pair of the 11 loci was shown, we constructed a prediction model for the disease using the logistic regression analysis by incorporating the number of the risk alleles for the 11 genes, as well as age, sex and body mass index as independent variables. (elsevierpure.com)

The prevalence of diabetes increases with age, and the disease currently affects more than 20 percent of Americans over age 65. (medlineplus.gov)
The prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing worldwide. (medlineplus.gov)
Whiting DR, Guariguata L, Weil C, Shaw J. IDF Diabetes Atlas: global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. (eurekaselect.com)

Des lacunes existent dans nos informations sur le diabète et l'obésité dans les populations arabes concernant les seuils propres aux ethnies pour le diagnostic et le traitement du diabète. (who.int)

This region was later fine-mapped in the Icelandic population and confirmed in US and Danish cohorts, where the risk locus was found to be located in intron 3 of the TCF7L2 gene. (medscape.com)

Aims of the current review are to explore the application and the prospect of gene therapy to combat fatal disorders. (gpub.org)

The Ala isoform may lead to a less efficient stimulation of the PPAR-γ target genes and predisposes to lower levels of adipose tissue mass accumulation which in turn may be responsible for improved insulin sensitivity [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

However, for many of the variations that have been associated with type 2 diabetes, the mechanism by which they contribute to disease risk is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
Click on a disease name to see all genes associated with that disease. (jax.org)
It affects approximately 20-40% of patients with diabetes mellitus and is recognized as the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [ 1 ]. (medsci.org)
Lieb says his map is likely to help others within the diabetes research community identify new targets for understanding -- and ultimately treating -- the disease more effectively. (sciencedaily.com)
As a case study, we applied Genes2FANs to connect disease genes from 90 well-studied disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
Oxidative Stress Genes in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Association with Diabetic Kidney Disease. (cdc.gov)
As previously stated, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can usually be differentiated from those with type 1 disease on the basis of history and physical examination findings and through simple laboratory tests. (medscape.com)
Persons with prediabetes are at increased risk for macrovascular disease, as well as diabetes. (medscape.com)
Costs of diabetes, as well as its adverse labour market effects, increase over time and with disease severity, indicating that early investments into prevention and disease management may be particularly worthwhile. (springer.com)
Later, other translocases were discovered, adding 2 more subtypes of GSD to the disease spectrum. (medscape.com)
GSD type II, also known as alpha glucosidase deficiency (GAA, acid maltase deficiency) or Pompe disease, is a prototypic lysosomal disease. (medscape.com)
GSD type III is also known as Forbes-Cori disease or limit dextrinosis. (medscape.com)
GSD type IV, also known as amylopectinosis, Glycogen Branching enzyme deficiency (GBE) or Andersen disease, is a rare disease that leads to early death. (medscape.com)

The risk of diabetes varies by ethnic and geographic background. (medlineplus.gov)
Studies have identified at least 150 DNA variations that are associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. (medlineplus.gov)
Screening for type 1 diabetes in asymptomatic low-risk individuals is not recommended. (medscape.com)
[ 2 ] However, in patients at high risk (eg, those who have first-degree relatives with type 1 diabetes), it may be appropriate to perform annual screening for anti-islet antibodies before the age of 10 years, along with 1 additional screening during adolescence. (medscape.com)
A number of previous studies support the role of R325W (rs13266634) variant of this gene in T2D risk. (ac.ir)
Close relatives of a child with type 1 diabetes are at increased risk of developing diabetes. (msdmanuals.com)

Diabetes is known to affect zinc homeostasis in variety of ways, although it is the hyperglycemia rather than any primary lesion related to diabetes, which is responsible for the increased urinary loss and decrease in total body zinc. (scirp.org)

a type of sugar) is passed from the blood into cells, where it is used as an energy source. (medlineplus.gov)
After 24 h of incubation, leg wound cultures grew methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus , and the 2 blood cultures yielded the same S. aureus strain and an oxidative gram-negative bacterium (Romans strain). (cdc.gov)
In prediabetes, blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be diabetes. (msdmanuals.com)

In addition, users can enter any PubMed search term and then the system automatically converts the returned results to gene lists using GeneRIF. (biomedcentral.com)

The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, an estimate of the power of the prediction model, was 0.72, thereby indicating that our prediction model for type 2 diabetes may not be so useful but has some value. (elsevierpure.com)
Polygenic Type 2 Diabetes Prediction at the Limit of Common Variant Detection. (diabetesjournals.org)

Thirty-seven significantly up-regulated genes and 40 down-regulated genes were commonly expressed in all 3 groups of patients with worsening of renal functions. (nih.gov)
Type 2 diabetes can occur at any age, but it most commonly begins in middle age or later. (medlineplus.gov)

C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic also known as C1-THF synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MTHFD1 (methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1) gene. (wikipedia.org)

They then compared these sites to those in non-islet cells to narrow the number down to 3,300 clusters of sites specific to this cell type. (sciencedaily.com)
Each cluster typically encompassed single genes that are active specifically in islet cells. (sciencedaily.com)

Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults. (medscape.com)

Dawn phenomenon mostly affects children and youth with type 1 diabetes, although it is not rare in subjects with type 2 diabetes (as high as 40%, reported by Monnier et al. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms5

Diseases42

Chemicals and Drugs33

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment43

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes23

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Named Groups3

Health Care36

Geographicals3

Among type 2 diabetes mellit2

T2DM13

Single nucleotide p2

Abstract1

Genetics3

20231

Glucose25

Mutations7

Obese8

Complications3

NIDDM2

Diseases8

Obesity8

Variants3

Metabolism3

20221

Genetic5

PMID1

Autoimmune3

Metabolic disease1

Fatty2

Protein13

Susceptibility2

Cardiovascular1

Expression13

Pathogenesis1

Clock genes1

Patients with type 1 diabet4

Methods1

Chronic4

Genomics2

Diagnosis3

Parkinson's4

Pancreatic3

Functional3

Pathological1

Diabetic ketoacidosis1

Loci2

Prevalence of diabetes3

Populations1

TCF7L21

Aims1

Adipose1

Disease13

Risk6

Urinary1

Blood3

GeneRIF1

Prediction2

Commonly2

Humans1

Islet2

Screening1

Affects1