Generate homologous mice knockout. Medical search. Frequent questions

By the natural process of homologous recombination some of the electroporated stem cells will incorporate the new sequence with the knocked-out gene into their chromosomes in place of the original gene. (wikipedia.org)
Cells that were transformed with a vector containing the neomycin resistance gene and the herpes tk+ gene are grown in a solution containing neomycin and Ganciclovir in order to select for the transformations that occurred via homologous recombination. (wikipedia.org)
To generate loss of function knockout mouse we will use gene-targeting technology to disturb the endogenous Zfyve27 gene of the mouse through homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells. (hsp-info.de)
To produce the loss of function mouse model for ZFYVE27, we employed a novel Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) mediated homologous recombination method to generate the knockout construct in C57BL/6 background. (hsp-info.de)
The BAC mediated homologous recombination technique is based upon the Red/GET recombination, in which the bacteriophage recombination genes are genetically engineered in E. coli to efficiently manipulate the BAC containing gene of interest with ease in short period of time. (hsp-info.de)
Properly targeted ES cells containing a homologous recombination event were selected, cloned, and injected into blastocysts. (ximbio.com)
In this study, we generated SPG21-/- knockout mice by homologous recombination as a possible animal model for SPG21. (inrae.fr)
The system is directed toward the production of gene targeting constructs by homologous recombination, and by methods generating transgenic animals. (cellmedicine.com)
The present invention is directed to methods for producing gene targeting constructs by homologous recombination using mouse genomic libraries arrayed in yeast shuttle vectors. (cellmedicine.com)
To investigate the role of Znf230 in spermatogenesis, we generated Znf230-deficient mice by disrupting Znf230 exon-5 and exon-6 using homologous recombination. (scielo.org)
The gene-targeting construct was launched into embryonal stem (ES) cells and heterozygous cyclin A2f/+ (Af denotes XI-006 the "floxed" allele) ES were obtained through homologous recombination (Figures 1A and 1B). (immune-source.com)
AND-34 −/− mice were generated by homologous recombination. (molvis.org)
Homologous recombination (HR) is considered the major error-free repair pathway in combatting endogenously generated double-stranded lesions in DNA. (encyclopedia.pub)
Homologous recombination (HR) is generally considered the most faithful DSB repair pathway, as it uses the intact sister chromatid as a donor, and it is highly dependent on breast cancer associated genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. (encyclopedia.pub)
Furthermore, PARP-1 abrogation leads to increased DNA resection tracks and an increase of homologous recombination in cellulo. (nature.com)
Inclusion of desired sequences between recombination "arms" that are homologous to the region flanking the DSB allows the "knock in" of the transgene. (genecopoeia.com)
This technology, commonly referred to as gene targeting or knockout, is based on homologous recombination between DNA sequences residing in the chromosome and newly introduced DNA to mutate any genes of interesting in mouse genome [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
This work led to his important conclusion that mammalian somatic cells possess an efficient enzymatic machinery for mediating homologous recombination [ 6 ]. (ijbs.com)
He reasoned that if this machinery could be efficient for homologous recombination between a newly introduced DNA molecule and the endogenous DNA sequence, any host gene could be mutated. (ijbs.com)
The correction occurred in one cell per 1,000 injected cells, a relatively high frequency, which makes it possible to use homologous recombination to manipulate endogenous genes of the mammalian genome. (ijbs.com)
2014 Double strand breaks are then repaired via homologous recombination or non-homologous end-joining generally resulting in insertions or deletions (indels) of variable length. (health-ground.com)
We first disrupted the tdo gene in mice by homologous recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
These breaks are then repaired by the cells'DNA damage repair mechanisms using either the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway or the homology-directed recombination or repair (HDR) pathway. (cyagen.com)
Outcomes Establishment of allele (Shape 1A) by homologous recombination in mouse embryo stem (Sera) cells. (monossabios.com)
Biocytogen uses its proprietary CRISPR/Cas9-based Extreme Genome Editing (EGE™) system to obtain faster results by increasing the homologous recombination 10 to 20 fold. (renmab.com)
To track differentiating cell populations, reporter cell lines generated by homologous recombination (knock-in) or via BAC transgenes have been widely used in mouse cells (5-8 ). (lu.se)

In this study, mouse conditional knockout of VSMC GGTase-I (Pggt1b Δ / Δ mice) was generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. (hindawi.com)
In this work, we analyze expression patterns of DNMT3A in patients with IBD, perform loss of function experiments using Caco-2 cell line and generate a conditional Dnmt3a ΔIEC mouse line. (nature.com)
1997 In the work explained below we decided to revisit the requirement for cyclin A function in cell proliferation using conditional cyclin A knockout mice. (immune-source.com)
RESULTS Generation and Characterization of Conditional Cyclin A2 Knockout Mice To obtain a conditional cyclin A2 allele we inserted sites into the first and seventh intron of the murine cyclin A2 gene (Physique 1A). (immune-source.com)
Analyses of Cyclin A-null Fibroblasts We next derived fibroblasts from conditional cyclin A2 knockout embryos and cultured them culture (Physique 2A) and normally re-entered the cell cycle from quiescence (Physique 2B). (immune-source.com)
By employing a conditional knock-in approach using the human EGFR cDNA mice humanised for EGFR ( hEGFR KI/KI )were generated. (silverchair.com)
Moreover, since more than half of Plasmodium genes are required for normal asexual blood-stage reproduction, and cannot be targeted using knockout methods, we discuss how CRISPR/Cas9 could be used to scale up conditional gene knockdown approaches to systematically assign function to essential genes. (portlandpress.com)
The accuracy and efficiency of DSBs repair are greatly improved, which allows for large fragment knockin (up to 15kb) and conditional knockouts. (cyagen.com)
The stable nature of the site and the ability for scientists to control global or conditional gene expression make the Rosa26 mouse model a versatile genetic tool. (renmab.com)

Heterozygous mice were interbred to generate mice homozygous for GSTP1/2 knockout. (ximbio.com)
The homozygous Znf230-knockout (KO) mice did not exhibit Znf230 mRNA expression and Znf230 protein production. (scielo.org)
Cyclin A2f/+ ES cells were then injected into mouse blastocysts and homozygous cyclin A2f/f animals were generated using standard procedures (Geng et al. (immune-source.com)
White heterozygous mice can subsequently be crossed to produce mice that are homozygous for the knocked out gene. (wikipedia.org)
Homozygous hEGFR KI/KI mice are viable and live up to six months. (silverchair.com)
We moved ahead with confidence that we would be able to generate a homozygous null mutant. (invivobiosystems.com)

Humans share many genes with mice. (wikipedia.org)
Indeed, gene targeting in ES cells can theoretically be used to generate mutant mice for all genes in the near future. (ijbs.com)
Transfection of gRNAs and Cas9 mRNA or DNA into bacteria human or mouse cells was shown to efficiently inactivate target genes (Cho et al. (health-ground.com)
The global loss of some genes is usually embryonic lethal making them challenging to study in adults and there Pinaverium Bromide is a great need in the field to create tissue-specific knockouts. (health-ground.com)
The Rosa26 locus in the mouse genome is a "safe harbor" which allows researchers to express genes of interest. (renmab.com)
Generation of BALB-MuSV and Ha-MuSC by type C virus transduction of homologous transforming genes from different species. (xenbase.org)

Embryonic stem cells are isolated from a mouse blastocyst (a very young embryo) and grown in vitro. (wikipedia.org)
The knocked-out embryonic stem cells from step 4 are inserted into a mouse blastocyst. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic deficiency induces embryonic lethality in Dnmt1 and Dnmt3b-deleted mice and postnatal lethality in Dnmt3a-knockout mice at ~4 weeks of age 10 . (nature.com)
This year, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine goes to Drs. Mario R. Capecchi, Martin J. Evans and Oliver Smithies for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem (ES) cells. (ijbs.com)
We discovered that is not really needed for mouse embryonic adult or advancement success. (monossabios.com)
Traditionally, these knock-in mice were generated using mouse embryonic stem cells, and this process has become more efficient with the advent of CRISPR technology. (renmab.com)
A 1997 study of mice grown from embryonic stem cells infected with ROSAβgeo retrovirus showed expression throughout every tissue in the body. (renmab.com)
Previously, two independent gene knockout studies have been reported, with some discrepancies in the observed embryonic phenotypes. (biomedcentral.com)

Firstly, we identified two BAC genomic clones (RPCIB731C16470Q2 and RPCIB731A01447Q2) from the mouse genomic DNA library RPCI-23, which is derived from the C57BL/6 mouse strain containing full genomic sequence of Zfyve27 and 50 kb flanking sequence from either end of the gene. (hsp-info.de)
This invention introduces novel methods and compositions for the preparation of a genomic library, specifically a mouse genomic library, for producing knock-out targeting vectors by arraying into pools bacteria transformed with the yeast-Escherichia coli shuttle vector comprising mouse genomic DNA fragments. (cellmedicine.com)
Further disclosed are the procedures for preparing a genomic library for use in producing knockout targeting vectors, including details of genomic DNA fragments, bacterial selection markers, yeast replication, and the amplification of shuttle vectors. (cellmedicine.com)
In this Application Note, we discuss the benefits and drawbacks of such integration, the use of a "Safe Harbor" for transgene integration in mice and humans, and a demonstration of the ability of the GeneCopoeia genome editing tools for Human AAVS1 and Mouse Rosa26 Safe Harbor to integrate transgenes at a "safe" genomic site. (genecopoeia.com)
In the study of genomic cis -regulatory elements, generation of mice featuring transgenic reporters or cis -regulatory element knockout remains the standard approach. (mdpi.com)
RMCE technology allows the substitution of large genomic regions in the mouse genome with the concomitant human genomic regions. (genoway.com)

The majority of DSBs in a cell are repaired by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), which ligates blunt ends in a sequence-independent manner and can result in small insertions or deletions (indels) [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
However, NHEJ-mediated repair of Cas9-generated breaks might generate random/small insertions and deletions at the targeted site during double-stranded break (DSB) repair. (cyagen.com)

The mosaic mice had been developed by injecting targeted Sera clones into C57BL/6 blastocysts and bred with PGK-transgenic mice to create reporter was beneath the control of endogenous promoter as well as the reporter was fused in framework with the 1st 189 proteins of DLIC1 proteins after splicing. (monossabios.com)
To determine transgenic mice to eliminate the reporter gene as well as the manifestation cassette Coumarin concurrently (Shape 1A). (monossabios.com)
Transgenic mice are generated by injecting plasmid DNA into a pronucleus. (renmab.com)
Prior to gene targeting, researchers created transgenic mice. (renmab.com)

For this example, we use blastocysts from a grey mouse. (wikipedia.org)
Blastocysts containing cells, that are both wildtype and knockout cells, are injected into the uterus of a foster mother. (wikipedia.org)

Generation and characterization of Rac3 knockout mice. (xenbase.org)

By 2010, more than 130 mouse lines containing transgene insertions were generated. (genecopoeia.com)

Physique 1 Generation of Cyclin A2f/f Mice In order to verify that deletion of the "floxed" cyclin A2 sequences resulted in a functionally null allele we crossed cyclin A2f/f mice with a "deleter" Meox2-Cre strain (Tallquist and Soriano 2000 and generated cyclin A2? (immune-source.com)
In SSA, long-range resection proceeds bi-directionally from the DSB until homologous sequences are revealed. (encyclopedia.pub)

There are several thousand different strains of knockout mice. (wikipedia.org)
2013 The CRISPR/Cas9 technology was subsequently used in mice to observe loss-of-function phenotypes and to generate knock-out strains (Wang et al. (health-ground.com)
Antibody-mediated protection is therefore effective against homologous viral strains but inadequate against heterologous strains with serologically distinct coat proteins. (cdc.gov)

Over the years, molecular barcoding involved generating specific nucleic acids or proteins within cells to trace lineages across generations to observe. (vectorbuilder.jp)
The endoplasmic reticulum stress marker proteins, including Grp78/Bip, phospho-eIF2α, phospho-IP3R, and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, were elevated significantly in CNGA3−/−/Nrl−/− and CNGB3−/−/Nrl−/− retinas, compared with the age-matched (postnatal 30 days) Nrl−/− controls. (cipsm.de)
The SH3GL3 protein, as well as its homologous proteins SH3GL1 and SH3GL2, belongs to a novel SH3-containing protein family. (pkc-inhibitors.com)
In addition, RMCE has great potential to allow researchers to comparatively analyze mutants, characterize domain-specific functions in proteins of interest, generate point mutations, generate large gene mutations, and generate entire replacements of a wildtype gene with a different gene of interest. (genoway.com)

The phenotype of the L1 mutant mouse indicates that it is a potentially valuable model for the human CRASH syndrome. (jneurosci.org)
Genetic deletion of Dnmt3a in intestinal epithelial cells ( Dnmt3a ΔIEC ) in mice confirms the phenotype of an altered epithelial ultrastructure with shortened apical-junctional complexes, reduced Goblet cell numbers and increased intestinal permeability in the colon in vivo. (nature.com)
Moreover, hEGFR KI/KI mice display accelerated chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation, a phenotype that is also present in Egfr -/- mice and has not been previously described. (silverchair.com)
The knock-out strain phenotype is an important control group to make sure that the humanized STX1A is rescuing some of the innate functionality of the homologous gene. (invivobiosystems.com)
One of the factors that appears to have a role in many of these pathways is human RAD52, a DNA repair protein that was previously considered to be dispensable due to a lack of an observable phenotype in knock-out mice. (encyclopedia.pub)

Since then, gene targeting has proven to be a powerful means of precisely manipulating the mammalian genome, generating at least ten thousand mutant mouse stains. (ijbs.com)
One limitation of transgenesis is that plasmid DNA randomly integrates into the mouse genome. (renmab.com)
One disadvantage to this method is that the transgene randomly integrates into the mouse genome. (renmab.com)
In contrast, gene targeting allows scientists to either "knockout" a gene of interest or make an insertion - knock-in - at a specific site in the mouse genome. (renmab.com)
Manipulating the Mouse Genome to Engineer Precise Functional Syntenic Replacements with Human Sequence. (genoway.com)

Glutathione transferase P1: an endogenous inhibitor of allergic responses in a mouse model of asthma. (ximbio.com)

For example, the p53 knockout mouse is named after the p53 gene which codes for a protein that normally suppresses the growth of tumours by arresting cell division and/or inducing apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Our analysis suggests that the identified mutation in SPG33 family will most likely result in a loss of function of the protein due to the misfolding of C-terminal FYVE finger domain therefore a knockout mouse will be an appropriate model system to study this disease. (hsp-info.de)
To achieve this goal, we have generated a high quality polyclonal antibody against mouse ZFYVE27 (214-344 amino acids) fused with GST protein using rabbit as a host. (hsp-info.de)
A comprehensive expression analysis of ZFYVE27 in the total protein extract isolated from various tissues of mouse revealed a high level of expression primarily in the HSP affected tissues such as the brain, cerebellum and spinal cord. (hsp-info.de)
The mouse testis-enriched Znf230 gene, which encodes a type of RING finger protein, is present primarily in the nuclei of spermatogonia, the acrosome and the tail of spermatozoa. (scielo.org)
Risperidone upregulates fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) expression in hepatocyte cultures and mouse liver by targeting the hepatic SREBP-1c/FASN couple, which is also one of the mechanisms by which risperidone induces weight gain ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
and 4) Expression of a protein from a particular species, such as mice, in an orthologous organism such as humans. (genecopoeia.com)
IPC suppressed IR-induced infarction in wild type (WT) mouse hearts whereas overexpression of GFP-MG53 fusion protein reduced hypoxia- or H 2 O 2 -induced cell death [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This study is designed to investigate FFAR1 function in vivo using a third line of independently generated Ffar1 −/− mice in the C57BL/6 background. (diabetesjournals.org)
In particular, the T-cell immune response to influenza infection has been well characterized in C57BL/6 (B6,H2 b ) mice. (cdc.gov)

We previously developed a virus-like replicon particle (VRP) vaccine that provides complete protection against homologous and heterologous lethal CCHFV challenge in mice after a single dose. (cdc.gov)

1997). They found that one particular strain of mice-named ROSAβgeo26-expressed β galactosidase from a randomly inserted transgene at high levels uniformly in nearly all tissues examined. (genecopoeia.com)

However, Ffar1 +/+ and Ffar1 −/− mice had similar weight, adiposity, and hyperinsulinemia on high-fat diets, and Ffar1 −/− mice showed no improvement in glucose or insulin tolerance tests. (diabetesjournals.org)
Here, we revisit the use of rodent-adapted and non-adapted Ebola virus (EBOV) in mice to investigate infection tolerance and future utility of these models in pathogenesis and therapeutic intervention studies. (cdc.gov)
These data support future investigations of pathogenesis, convalescence, and sequelae in mouse models of virus tolerance. (cdc.gov)

By utilizing Cyagen's unique fertilized mouse eggs process, repair of DSBs is prone to occur by HDR pathway. (cyagen.com)

Moreover, after a 16-week duration of diabetes, Pggt1b Δ / Δ mice exhibited lower α -smooth muscle actin ( α -SMA) and nitrotyrosine level, Rac1 activity, p47phox and NOXO1 expression, and phospho-ERK1/2 and phosphor-JNK content than wild-type mice. (hindawi.com)
Cerebral cortical neurons cultured from SPG21-/- mice exhibited significantly more axonal branching than neurons from wild-type animals, while comprehensive neuropathological analysis of SPG21-/- mice did not reveal definitive abnormalities. (inrae.fr)
Ffar1 +/+ (wild-type) and Ffar1 −/− (knockout) mice were placed on two distinct high-fat diets to study their response to diet-induced obesity. (diabetesjournals.org)
We further examined variations in the transcriptomes of testicular tissue between Znf230 KO and wild-type mice through microarray analysis. (scielo.org)
The results showed that the mRNA level of one unclassified transcript 4921513I08Rik was increased and that the mRNA levels of three other transcripts, i.e., 4930448A20Rik, 4931431B13Rik and potassium channel tetramerisation domain containing 14(Kctd14), were reduced more than two-fold in Znf230 KO mice compared with wild-type mice. (scielo.org)
2003 Cyclin A2f/f mice were viable and phenotypically normal (data not shown) consistent with our expectation that this "floxed" cyclin A2 allele is usually functionally wild-type. (immune-source.com)
While AND-34 is widely expressed in wild type mice, histologic analysis of multiple organs in AND-34 −/− mice is unremarkable and analyses of lymphocyte development show no overt changes. (molvis.org)
As cones comprise only 2-3% of the total photoreceptor population in the wild-type mouse retina, we generated mouse lines with CNG channel deficiency on a cone-dominant background, i.e. (cipsm.de)
Compared with wild-type littermates, Tdo -/- mice showed increased plasma levels of Trp and its metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and kynurenine, as well as increased levels of Trp, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the hippocampus and midbrain. (biomedcentral.com)
responsiveness to inhaled methacholine in accordance with response in wild-type mice. (ecologicalsgardens.com)

These mice also showed anxiolytic modulation in the elevated plus maze and open field tests, and increased adult neurogenesis, as evidenced by double staining of BrdU and neural progenitor/neuronal markers. (biomedcentral.com)
Adult Dab2-deficient mice had a small but statistically significant increase in serum cholesterol levels. (biomedcentral.com)

reported that GGTase-I deficiency in mouse macrophages slowed down the progression of atherosclerosis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Using our current examination techniques, these findings suggested that Znf230 deficiency in mice may not affect growth, fertility or spermatogenesis. (scielo.org)

The rationale for scientists to use Rosa26 and other key benefits to using this type of mouse genetic model will be discussed. (renmab.com)
Researchers separated the mice that had the Rosa26 insertion for future study. (renmab.com)
Due to its ease of knocking in DNA, the Rosa26 locus on mouse chromosome 6 is very useful for scientists. (renmab.com)
Chimera analysis is another application of the Rosa26 mouse. (renmab.com)
Rosa26 mice express β-galactosidase throughout their cells. (renmab.com)
Study Homozygotes Resulting From Knock-In While mice with combined genotypes prove useful for study, mice with singular genotypes from knocking in a gene at the Rosa26 site are also beneficial. (renmab.com)
The viability of these mice ensures the longer study of the results of the added gene at the Rosa26 location. (renmab.com)

In the motor, somatosensory, and visual cortex, many pyramidal neurons in layer V exhibited undulating apical dendrites that did not reach layer I. The hippocampus of L1 mutant mice was smaller than normal, with fewer pyramidal and granule cells. (jneurosci.org)
For this example, we will take stem cells from a white mouse. (wikipedia.org)
The developmental stages of male germ cells of Znf230 KO mice were also normal. (scielo.org)
Surprisingly, these mice demonstrated a 2-fold increase in numbers of circulating and splenic B cells, apparently due to increased proliferation rate. (elsevierpure.com)
Location and time-dependent control of rejection by regulatory T cells culminates in a failure to generate memory T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
These intragraft effector CD8(+) T cells are then prevented from eliciting rejection by Treg that simultaneously infiltrate the skin allografts, resulting in a failure to generate donor-reactive memory CD8(+) T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
To demonstrate this principle, he generated recipient cell lines carrying an artificial target, a defective neomycin resistance gene that was stably integrated into host chromosome, and was able to repair it by injecting the same gene carrying a different mutation into the nucleus of these cells [ 7 ]. (ijbs.com)
In their paper, they concluded 'It is hoped that this combination of using ES cells as the recipient cell line and site-specific mutagenesis achieved by gene targeting will provide the means for generating mice of any desired genotype" [ 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
Such studies examine mice from two zygotes that create animals with different genotypes in their cells. (renmab.com)
In ASM cells extracted from knockout (KO) mice a minimal degree of cADPR is certainly detectable in ASM recommending potential way to obtain non-CD38 ADP-ribosyl cyclases 5-BrdU in ASM (Deshpande et al. (ecologicalsgardens.com)

A knockout mouse, or knock-out mouse, is a genetically modified mouse (Mus musculus) in which researchers have inactivated, or "knocked out", an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
However, in vivo testing of these hypotheses has predominantly been relegated to slow, expensive, and linear generation of genetically modified mice. (mdpi.com)
While influenza infection of mice does not precisely replicate the natural infection in human, avian, or other vertebrate species, the availability of reagents and genetically modified mouse models has enabled extensive analysis of the cellular immune response. (cdc.gov)

PARP-1 acts as a highly sensitive sensor for DNA damage and rapidly produces PAR at newly generated DNA DSBs. (nature.com)

However, the mice were grossly normal when dab2 deletion was restricted to the embryo proper and the gene was retained in extraembryonic tissues using Meox2-Cre and Sox2-Cre. (biomedcentral.com)

Mice are currently the laboratory animal species most closely related to humans for which the knockout technique can easily be applied. (wikipedia.org)

A) Schematic technique to generate gene including exons 3-6. (monossabios.com)

Enlarged ventricles and septal abnormalities were also features of the mutant mouse brain. (jneurosci.org)
Interestingly, the neurodegeneration is fully rescued in hEGFR KI/KI mice, however, they develop a severe heart hypertrophy with semilunar valve abnormalities. (silverchair.com)

Znf230 KO mice exhibited no obvious impairment in body growth or fertility. (scielo.org)
A laboratory mouse in which a gene affecting hair growth has been knocked out (left) is shown next to a normal lab mouse. (wikipedia.org)
Mice lacking the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) develop epithelial defects and a neurodegenerative disease and die within the first month of birth. (silverchair.com)
However, these mice are growth retarded and show skin and hair defects similar to Egfr -/- mutants. (silverchair.com)
The ablation of in mice leads to impaired OS ciliogenesis and growth and photoreceptor degeneration. (monossabios.com)

The invention is also directed to methods of using targeting constructs made by the methods to generate transgenic animals. (cellmedicine.com)

Analysis of Rho mRNA expression patterns in mouse tissues shows that recent subfamilies have tissue -specific and low-level expression that supports their implication only in narrow time windows or in differentiated metabolic functions. (xenbase.org)

The expected sizes of the hybridized DNA fragment for Tdo +/+ (+/+) and Tdo -/- (-/-) mice are 6.1 kb and 4.9 kb, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
Fragment up to 15kb knockin and 500kb knockout. (cyagen.com)

We found that GGTase-I knockout attenuated diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis in vivo and suppressed high-glucose-induced VSMC proliferation in vitro. (hindawi.com)

They are widely used in knockout experiments, especially those investigating genetic questions that relate to human physiology. (wikipedia.org)

Studies of these mutant mice have yielded enormously useful information in virtually all fields of biological and biomedical sciences. (ijbs.com)
Generation of rac3 null mutant mice: role of Rac3 in Bcr/Abl-caused lymphoblastic leukemia. (xenbase.org)

RESULTS- Insulin secretion was reduced by ∼50% in Ffar1 −/− mice, confirming that FFAR1 contributes significantly to fatty acid stimulation of insulin secretion in vivo. (diabetesjournals.org)

This was accomplished by injecting plasmid DNA - transgene - into the mouse pronucleus. (renmab.com)

Modified … Retinal degeneration in in mice the expression was examined by all of us pattern of in mature like a reporter. (monossabios.com)

Knockout mice also offer a biological and scientific context in which drugs and other therapies can be developed and tested. (wikipedia.org)
Although DNMT3A and DNMT3B are highly homologous, their redundancy seems to be limited, and their unique biological function, e.g., specificity for methylation patterns in distinct cell types, is still elusive 9 . (nature.com)
To determine its critical biological role, we generated TACI knockout mice. (elsevierpure.com)

CNGA3−/−/Nrl−/− and CNGB3−/−/Nrl−/− mice showed impaired cone function, opsin mislocalization, and cone degeneration similar to that in the single knock-out mice. (cipsm.de)

Scientifically referred to as GtROSA26, this locus is found on chromosome 6 of mice. (renmab.com)

By causing a specific gene to be inactive in the mouse, and observing any differences from normal behaviour or physiology, researchers can infer its probable function. (wikipedia.org)

In line with this notion, mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that undergo fission and fusion and move into the cell along the microtubules to generate the mitochondrial network [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Using the same parental cell clone, we can then readily generate other mutant models, ultimately saving the client time and money . (genoway.com)
These unique mutant cell lines may then be used to create unique mutant mouse lines. (genoway.com)
Because multiple mutant cell and mouse lines can be created from one parental ES clonal line, RMCE is cost effective and reliable. (genoway.com)
Mouse models of influenza A virus pneumonia provide a well-developed experimental system to analyze T cell-mediated immunity. (cdc.gov)
Here we comprehensively characterized the kinetics of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in VRP-vaccinated mice, and demonstrate that they predominantly target the nucleoprotein (NP). (cdc.gov)

In conclusion, GGTase-I knockout efficiently blocked diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis, and this protective effect must be related to the inhibition of VSMC proliferation. (hindawi.com)

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