Gene expression retinoblastoma protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
Recent work has shown that these proteins are also involved in hormonal regulation of breast cancer cells. (ucsc.edu)
A splice site variant in the bovine RNF11 gene compromises growth and regulation of the inflammatory response. (123dok.net)
Unlike reversible disassembly, which requires ATP hydrolysis on V 1 to break protein-protein interactions, Oxr1p mediated disassembly of V-ATPase is ATP independent and therefore a novel mode of activity regulation. (upstate.edu)
TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)
Loss of Ecd led to marked down-regulation of E2F target gene expression. (unmc.edu)
structural genes encode proteins that are not involved in gene regulation. (cret-signal.com)
In our recent study we found that circadian clock genes play a role in regulation of the hair growth cycle during synchronized hair follicle cycling, uncovering an unexpected connection between these two timing systems within skin. (aging-us.com)
Using cellular systems it has been shown that HPV16 E5 expression results in down-regulation of cell surface expression of HLA-I and HLA-II molecules [ 19 - 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression in the mammalian growth plate. (heightquest.com)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)

At the molecular level, pitavastatin induced expression of the cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 in a cholesterol independent manner, blocked repressive phosphorylation of the Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein at CDK targeted sites, and reduced expression of E2F target genes required for progression through the G1/S boundary. (oncotarget.com)
The mechanisms underlying this reduction of SMC proliferation by HDAC inhibition involve a growth arrest in the G(1) phase of the cell cycle that is due to BVD-523 cost an inhibition of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation. (cret-signal.com)
To map the mechanisms of aggressiveness we aimed to investigate changes in protein phosphorylation across WHO grades of human meningiomas. (nature.com)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

The first mutation of RB1 in cases of retinoblastoma can be either constitutional or somatic, whereas the second mutation is always somatic. (medscape.com)
Germline mutation in the RAD51B gene confers predisposition to breast cancer. (123dok.net)
n = 408) from The Cancer Genome Atlas, to determine subtype specific immune cell abundance, expression of 67 immune regulatory genes, and association with DDR gene inactivation (via mutation, copy number alteration) profiles. (bmj.com)
Expression patterns of a selected panel of 67 genes including both immune stimulatory and inhibitory genes, showed significant associations with subtypes, and DDR gene mutation status. (bmj.com)
Our findings also emphasize the urgent need for biomarker discovery approaches that combine molecular subtype, DDR gene mutation status, tumor immune landscape classification, and immune checkpoint gene expression to increase the number of patients responding to immunotherapies. (bmj.com)
Germline mutation of one TP53 allele is found in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome who generally inherit a mutated TP53 gene from an affected parent. (medscape.com)
The results of these studies revealed specific target genes that can be investigated to further improve nutritional quality and agronomic performance of high lysine maize lines, particularly those based on the presence of the opaque2 mutation. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutation of the maize FLOURY3 ( FL3 ) gene, encoding one of 17 subunits forming the RNAPIII complex that regulates gene expression involved in storage protein synthesis, results in small and floury endosperm (Li et al. (plantae.org)
The authors mapped the smk7 mutation to a gene encoding the second-largest subunit of RNAPIII, NRPC2 (Nuclear RNA Polymerase C2) using map-based sequencing and confirmed that the mutation leads to a defective NRPC2 protein in smk7 . (plantae.org)
The fl3 mutation disrupts the accumulation of starch and storage proteins (e.g., zein and non-zein proteins), leading to a soft and opaque endosperm. (plantae.org)

Although the senescent cells remain viable, they show typical changes with enlarged and flattened cell bodies, apoptosis resistance, increased activity of senescence-associated β -galactosidase (SA- β -gal), and upregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors including p16 INK4A , ARF proteins, and p21 [ 13 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)
We also observed induction of apoptosis in these cells following silencing of retinoblastoma binding protein 6 (RBBP6), with upregulation of p53 and bax mRNA expression, and a reduction in Bcl2 gene expression. (therichardrosereport.com)
An aberrant miRNA expression could contribute to cancer development and progression [ 6 , 7 ] and could affect their target genes that are involved in many biological processes, such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and development [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
E5 impairs ligand-mediated apoptosis by reducing the amount of surface CD95 proteins or inhibiting the formation of the DISC complex [ 12 ], and affects the normal functioning of a number of membrane associated proteins, probably by modifying the composition and the interactions in the cell membranes [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Driver events in pediatric malignancies can occur through loss of function in tumor suppressor genes or gain of function in proto-oncogenes. (medscape.com)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
In addition, these alterations affect 3 principal categories of genes, as follows: proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. (medscape.com)
This article briefly discusses tumor suppressor genes and then focuses on the role of proto-oncogenes in childhood cancer. (medscape.com)
Inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, whose products normally provide negative control of cell proliferation, contributes to malignant transformation in various cell types. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
Another important class of tumor suppressor genes involved in cell cycle control and in the generation of human cancers is the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors. (medscape.com)
The expression of DNMTs, p53 and RB, and methylation level of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) were analyzed upon Nutlin-3 treatment. (ncku.edu.tw)

Members of this family of proteins are often found associated with histone-modifying enzymes and protein complexes that regulate gene expression. (bvsalud.org)
Both DP-1 and DP-2 synergistically interact with members of the E2F family of proteins, E2F-1, E2F-2, and E2F-3, to generate DNA binding complexes that specifically recognize the E2F site and functionally interact with E2F-1 in E2F site-dependent transcriptional activation of cellular genes. (ox.ac.uk)
The G1 checkpoint is regulated by a multitude of molecules such as the retinoblastoma family of proteins, cyclins, cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKis). (temple.edu)

Furthermore, because MGMT protein loss may be a result of promoter hypermethylation, it was reported that methylation of the MGMT promoter in gliomas is a useful predictor of the responsiveness to alkylating agents ( 7 ). (aacrjournals.org)
In this study, we examined the involvement of UHRF1 in aberrant DNA methylation and gene silencing in colorectal cancer (CRC). (biomedcentral.com)
Breast tumors can be classified into subtypes based on patterns of gene expression, DNA methylation, nucleotide substitutions and genomic rearrangements. (lu.se)

Breast cancer risk is influenced by rare coding variants in susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1, and many common, mostly non-coding variants. (cancerindex.org)
Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene. (cancerindex.org)
Pathogenic germline sequence variants in two major susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer a high relative risk and explain a proportion of familial breast cancer. (lu.se)
Few other high-risk genes are known and current knowledge supports a polygenic model, a role of common low-risk variants that may interact in multiplicative fashion, but also of rare intermediate-risk gene variants. (lu.se)
Variants in blood pressure genes and the risk of Accardi R, Rubino R, Scalise M et col . (2011). (who.int)
Variants in motilin, somatostatin and their receptor genes and risk of biliary tract cancers and stones in Shanghai, China. (cdc.gov)

We shall consider each subtype in turn describing genes and pathways of oncogenesis and how these relate to prognosis and treatment response. (springer.com)
We have shown that in clinical material p27 expression is associated with proliferative activity and while univariate analysis shows it to be a significant indicator of prognosis, this significance is lost in multivariate analysis when traditional prognostic factors are included in the model. (ox.ac.uk)
Association of cyclin D1, p16 and retinoblastoma protein expressions with prognosis and metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma. (cdc.gov)

Both, E6 and E7 co-operate to induce transformation of epithelial cells by interacting with numerous host cell proteins affecting many essential cellular pathways. (srce.hr)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
Gemini virus encoded proteins interact with host proteins to perform a variety of functions which include reprogramming of cell cycle, inhibition of cell death pathways, transcriptional control of multiple genes, interference with cell signalling pathways and overcoming host defense response. (primescholarslibrary.org)
Microarray analysis of perichondral and reserve growth plate zones identifies differential gene expressions and signal pathways. (heightquest.com)

Retinoblastoma (RB) is a malignant childhood intraocular tumor. (molvis.org)
Studies suggest that expression of cystatin A is inversely associated with malignant progression of cancer 9 . (bvsalud.org)
Furthermore, higher Rb expression has also been observed in malignant lesions 10 . (bvsalud.org)

The higher incidence of ccRCC in male patients may partially be accounted by mono-allelic inactivation of the chromatin remodelling gene, KDM5C on the X chromosome [ 6 ]. (springer.com)
Long-range chromosome contacts are disrupted by loss of condensin II loading, which leads to altered expression at bidirectional gene pairs. (bepress.com)
This study demonstrates that mammalian condensin II functions to organize long-range chromosome contacts and regulate transcription at specific genes. (bepress.com)
An Rb-condensin II complex mediates long-range chromosome interactions and influences expression at divergently paired genes" Molecular and Cellular Biology Vol. 40 Iss. (bepress.com)
This gene is located in a cluster of closely related salivary proline-rich proteins on chromosome 12. (cancerindex.org)
For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
MicroRNA-34a gene (MIR-34A) that is located on chromosome 1p36 belongs to one of evolutionary-conserved miRNA families (MIR-34 family) that consists of three members: MIR-34A, MIR-34B, and MIR-34C [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Gene ID: 5925, OMIM 614041 ) gene, which encodes a tumor suppressor protein. (molvis.org)
This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein that inhibits DNA synthesis and oncogenic transformation through association with the retinoblastoma 1 protein. (utsouthwestern.edu)

The encoded protein also interacts with a complex of other cell cycle regulators to repress cell cycle-dependent gene expression in non-dividing cells. (utsouthwestern.edu)
Here, we have defined DRTF1/E2F in Xenopus laevis that, like its mammalian counterpart, specifically binds to the E2F site, is regulated during development, and interacts with pRb and related proteins. (ox.ac.uk)
Synchronous neurotransmission is triggered when Ca(2+) binds to synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1), a synaptic-vesicle protein that interacts with SNAREs and membranes. (cret-signal.com)

For example, alkaline vacuole/lysosome are deficient in autophagy, Golgi pH regulates its ability to glycosylate proteins and failure to maintain endosomal pH perturbs with its ability to recycle receptors to the Plasma membrane or, the trans-Golgi. (upstate.edu)
At the same time, skin and hair follicles harbor a functional circadian clock that regulates gene expression with a periodicity of approximately twenty four hours. (aging-us.com)
REV-ERBα regulates transcription of Bmal1 and other target genes by binding to retinoic acid-related orphan receptor response elements (ROREs) [ 8 ]. (aging-us.com)
The molecular basis for this effect seems to be the interference that certain Gemini virus proteins exert on the retinoblastoma-related (RBR) pathway, which analogously to that of animal cells regulates plant cell cycle activation and G1-S transition. (primescholarslibrary.org)
The human papillomavirus type 16 E5 protein (HPV16 E5) down-regulates surface expression of HLA-I molecules. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we show that HPV16 E5 down-regulates HLA-I surface expression in calnexin-containing but not in calnexin-deficient cells. (biomedcentral.com)

The retinoblastoma gene undergoes rearrangements in BRCA1-deficient basal-like breast cancer. (lu.se)

Here, using multi-omics data, we demonstrate the existence of two retinoblastoma subtypes. (nih.gov)
The recognition of these two subtypes, one maintaining a cone-differentiated state, and the other, more aggressive, associated with cone dedifferentiation and expression of neuronal markers, opens up important biological and clinical perspectives for retinoblastomas. (nih.gov)
Identification of Subtypes in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Breast Cancer Reveals a Gene Signature Prognostic of Outcome. (lu.se)

E7 from human papil omavirus type 16 cooperate to cancer: the European prospective investigation into doi:10.1093/carcin/bgp321 PMID:20047954 target the PDZ protein Na/H exchange regulatory cancer and nutrition study. (who.int)

This allows us to generate the first biologically-informed gene expression map of this leaf, with the entire developmental gradient from meristematic to fully differentiated cells captured. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of DCT was absent or barely detected in retina tissues, various human ocular cells, and major organs. (molvis.org)
Cell research on C6 rat glioma cells served to verify that TSA treatment reduced HDAC6 and NLRP3 expression. (bvsalud.org)
The cryo-EM analysis also revealed a population of free V 1 bound to Oxidation Resistance 1 (Oxr1p), a poorly characterized protein that has been implicated in protecting cells from oxidative stress. (upstate.edu)
They further link to the activation of protein kinase C- (PKC-) induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 6 , 7 ], which further mediates the activation of downstream transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B). Thus, the main treatments of DN refer to modulate glycemic and blood pressure through insulin and RAS inhibitors. (hindawi.com)
The continuous expression of these early oncoproteins can lead to the transformation and immortalization of infected cells. (srce.hr)
Gene expression profiling has shown that metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) cells are deficient in retinoblastoma proteins ( RB ), resulting in a hypersensitivity to taxanes such as cabazitaxel. (guoncologynow.com)
Oncotarget published " Piperlongumine promotes death of retinoblastoma cancer cells " which reported that while retinoblastoma initiation is triggered by the inactivation of both alleles of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene in the developing retina, tumor progression requires additional epigenetic changes, retinoblastoma genomes being quite stable. (oncotarget.com)
Silencing of IRF5 in CD8+ T cells increased the levels of IFNγ mRNA as measured by RT-qPCR (P = 0.03) and IFNγ protein as measured by ELISA (P = 0.02). (ox.ac.uk)
It is widely believed that in mammalian cells the cellular transcription factor (DRTF1/E2F integrates cell-cycle events with the transcription apparatus by interacting with important regulators of the cell cycle, such as the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb) and related proteins, cyclins, and cyclin-dependent kinases. (ox.ac.uk)
Additionally, the tumor suppressor activity of CREBBP was also demonstrated in other neuroendocrine tumors such as pituitary and thyroid tumors using genetic mouse models where Rb1 , Tpr53 and Crebbp genes are deleted in neuroendocrine cells. (fredhutch.org)
CREBBP expression in neuroendocrine tumor cells promotes a cellular adhesion related transcriptional program, where E-CADHERIN (CDH1) was of particular interest. (fredhutch.org)
Nutlin-3 induced upregulation of p53 and RB and downregulation of DNMTs proteins in the chemoradiation-resistant and aggressive ESCC cells. (ncku.edu.tw)
Intrinsic antiviral resistance is a branch of antiviral defence that involves constitutively expressed cellular proteins that act within individual infected cells. (mdpi.com)
Inactivating mutations of the retinoblastoma gene (RB) are found in a wide variety of tumour cells. (wdv.com)
Replacement of wild-type RB can suppress the tumorigenicity of some of these cells, suggesting that the RB protein (Rb) may negatively regulate cell growth. (wdv.com)
Nevertheless, these results show that p16 plays a role in atRA mediated growth inhibition in ovarian carcinoma cells and that modulation of p16 expression can determine the growth response to atRA. (temple.edu)
Additionally, we also examined the effect of atRA treatment on the expression of homeobox genes in the CAOV3 cells and SKOV3 cells model system. (temple.edu)
In these studies we examined the expression of 13 homeobox genes in CAOV3 cells and SKOV3 cells following ethanol or atRA treatment. (temple.edu)
The 13 homeobox genes were analyzed because previous studies done by our laboratory observed differences in expression of these homeobox genes when comparing atRA sensitive oral squamous carcinoma cells (SCC) to atRA resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. (temple.edu)
Of the 13 homeobox genes analyzed in the ovarian carcinoma cell model system, we found HOXA1 and HOXB4 to be upregulated by atRA in CAOV3 cells but not in SKOV3 cells. (temple.edu)
We also found that the induction of HOXA1 and HOXB4 mRNA expression in CAOV3 cells occurred as a respond to atRA treatment and is not due to a generalized response because of overall growth reduction. (temple.edu)
Recently it has been shown that HPV16 E5 may co-precipitate with the heavy chain of HLA-I in cells over-expressing the E5 protein [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)
Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)

The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)
Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 expression and interaction with other cell cycle-associated proteins in mammary carcinoma. (ox.ac.uk)
A total of 8 transcripts showing high expression unique to the PC included translationally-controlled tumor protein (Tpt1), connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf), mortality factor 4 (Morf4l1), growth arrest specific 6 (Gas6), type V procollagen (Col5a2){upregulated by LSJL}, frizzled-related protein (Frzb), GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (Gdi2) and Jun D proto-oncogene (Jund) . (heightquest.com)

It is found among several cellular proteins that bind directly to retinoblastoma protein to regulate cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
Hinck's lab has identified a family of cellular proteins that help regulate cell proliferation and migration and act as breast tumor suppressors. (ucsc.edu)
As activation of c-myc expression promotes cell proliferation and blocks differentiation, it may positively regulate cell growth. (wdv.com)

cyclin D1 mRNA expression and cyclin D1 promoter activity. (cret-signal.com)
Finally, we provide evidence that these observations are applicable in vivo by demonstrating that HDAC inhibition decreased neointima formation and expression of cyclin D1 in a murine model of vascular injury. (cret-signal.com)
p27, cyclin D1, and retinoblastoma (Rb) protein have been demonstrated using immunohistochemistry in 189 cases of primary breast carcinoma with long-term follow-up. (ox.ac.uk)
There was a statistically significant association between the expression of p27 and both cyclin D1 and the retinoblastoma gene product (pRb), corresponding to their close interactions in regulating the G1/S transition in the cell cycle. (ox.ac.uk)
When the combined expression of p27 and cyclin D1 was related to survival, patients with high levels of p27, regardless of their cyclin D1 status, did well, whilst those with low p27 had a poor outcome. (ox.ac.uk)

The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)
A multi-step model for the progression of normal retina to retinoblastoma has been proposed, the first step being the inactivation of both alleles of the tumor suppressor gene RB1 in the developing retina. (oncotarget.com)
This study therefore defines a new family of transcription factors, the DP proteins, members of which can interact combinatorially with E2F proteins to generate an array of DNA binding complexes that integrate cell-cycle progression with the transcription apparatus through the E2F binding site. (ox.ac.uk)
Low AKAP12 expression in a larger cohort of patients (75) characterized tumor invasiveness, recurrence, and progression, indicating its potential as a prognostic biomarker. (nature.com)
Inhibiting progression through mitosis or loss of pattern recognition by stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-cGAS impaired interferon signalling. (nature.com)
Interestingly, a large fraction of the genome, more than six thousand genes, exhibits changes in expression that correlates with the progression of the hair growth cycle, thus underscoring the complexity of this process [ 4 , 5 ]. (aging-us.com)
These findings indicate miR-34a along with its putative target genes could play a role in RCC tumorigenesis and progression. (hindawi.com)

Activation of a retinoblastoma-protein-dependent pathway by sphingosine. (musc.edu)

Conclusion Findings from our study provide compelling evidence for co-expression of multiple immune checkpoint genes including, PD-1 , PD-L1, IDO1, TIGIT, TIM-3, TGFB1, LAG3, and others, that potentially contribute to compensatory immune evasion in bladder tumors. (bmj.com)
Although carcinogenic roles for the INK4B, INK4C, INK4D, CIP1, KIP1, and KIP2 genes appear to be limited, INK4A is among the most commonly mutated genes in human tumors. (medscape.com)
Although the survival rate of patients with retinoblastoma is extremely high in developed countries, left untreated advanced tumors limit eye preservation and expose patients to risks of metastasis and death. (oncotarget.com)
Given these in vivo data, the authors reasoned that Crebbp loss cooperates with Rb1/Trp53 deletion to drive tumorigenesis in neuroendocrine tumors through gene expression, and compared the transcriptomes of tumors with and without Crebbp deletion. (fredhutch.org)
In human tumors, an association between the deregulation of the expression of homeobox genes and oncogenic transformation has been reported. (temple.edu)

Homeobox genes comprise a family of transcription factors which function during embryonic development to control pattern formation, differentiation and proliferation. (temple.edu)

As a result of this differential cell cycle-regulatory gene expression by HDAC inhibition, the retinoblastoma protein retains a transcriptional repression of its downstream target genes required for S phase entry. (cret-signal.com)

A ) The expression of CDC25C, CDK1, CCNA2, CCNB1, CDKN1A and CDKN1B was measured at mRNA levels using real time RT-PCR. (oncotarget.com)
Further functional effects were tested by small interfering RNA knockdown of the gene for interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), followed by reverse transcription-qPCR (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the levels of IFNγ messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein, respectively. (ox.ac.uk)
In order to systematically discover transcriptional activity associated with the hair growth cycle, we profiled mRNA expression at a genome-wide level over multiple time points corresponding to morphogenesis and two synchronized hair growth cycles. (aging-us.com)
Since our mRNA expression studies were performed using whole skin, we asked which compartments of the skin and hair follicles contribute to the robust rhythmic circadian gene expression in telogen. (aging-us.com)
The mRNA expression of the truncated form of HOXA1 is highly induced by atRA when compared to its full length form. (temple.edu)
vated mRNA expression. (lu.se)

The Von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL ) tumour suppressor gene undergoes bi-allelic knockout in the vast majority of clear cell RCCs. (springer.com)
Western-blot and qRT-PCR was also used to measure the gene expression of tumour suppressor genes, p53, Bax and Bcl2. (therichardrosereport.com)

It may have the ability to interact with other HLH-proteins and function as a transcription factor or as a positive transcriptional regulator under the control of Retinoblastoma protein. (nih.gov)
The effects of POP inhibition and knockdown on the proliferation of cultured human estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) MCF7 and T47D, and ER-negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and the MCF12A non-tumorigenic epithelial cell line were tested by analyzing their influence on cell proliferation (WST-1 assay), cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay), and cell cycle arrest (cell cycle analysis, cell cycle regulator proteins expression). (cancerindex.org)
Ubiquitin-like protein containing PHD and RING finger domains 1 (UHRF1) is a major regulator of epigenetic mechanisms and is overexpressed in various human malignancies. (biomedcentral.com)

Histone-binding protein RBBP4 (also known as RbAp48, or NURF55) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBBP4 gene. (wikipedia.org)

These studies reveal that recurrent somatic mutations occur in only a handful of genes, with an overall mutational burden of roughly 1-2 per Mb. (springer.com)
In contrast, both mutations in nonhereditary retinoblastoma are somatic. (medscape.com)

Infinium BeadChip assays and bisulfite pyrosequencing revealed significant demethylation across entire genomic regions, including CpG islands, gene bodies, intergenic regions, and repetitive elements. (biomedcentral.com)
We used a high density SNP array (600 K, Affymetrix) to estimate genomic heritability, perform genome-wide association analysis, and identify genomic regions and positional candidate genes (PCGs) associated with internal organ traits in an F2 chicken population. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, the discovery of genomic regions and positional candidate genes (PCGs) for intestine length or weights and percentages of heart, liver, gizzard or lungs, is a first step for understanding their genetic architecture. (biomedcentral.com)

and cell differentiation ( SOX2 and TGFB3 ) as well as immunohistochemical assay for VEGFA, TP53, Bcl2, TGFB1, and Ki67 protein expression have been performed in 85 FFPE RCC tumor specimens. (hindawi.com)
Upon upwards migration towards more superficial layers and concomitant differentiation of the infected keratinocyte, the late genes of the virus are expressed leading to the formation of viral particles and their release upon cell death. (biomedcentral.com)

Ubiquitin-like protein containing PHD and RING finger domains 1 (UHRF1), also known as ICBP90 in human and Np95 in mouse, plays an important role in reading and maintaining the epigenetic marks [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A comprehensive understanding of DDR gene inactivation associated expression of immune regulatory genes could thus aid in expansion of current immunotherapies and predictive biomarkers for the design of patient-tailored combination treatments. (bmj.com)
Hypermethylation of CpG islands within gene promoter regions is a major cause of tumor suppressor gene inactivation, and a subset of cancers exhibits concurrent hypermethylation of multiple CpG islands, which is referred to as the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, a gene knockin of a dominant negative form of RbAp48 of causes memory deficits in young mice similar to that observed in older mice. (wikipedia.org)
Finally lentiviral gene transfer to increase the expression of RbAp48 in the brain reverses memory deficits in older mice. (wikipedia.org)
Mice homozygous for a gene-trap allele die shortly after implantation with defects in early embryogenesis. (utsouthwestern.edu)

This gene encodes a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that belongs to a highly conserved subfamily of WD-repeat proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Oxr1p belongs to the group of TLDc domain containing proteins that are highly conserved in higher eukaryotes. (upstate.edu)

[ 3 ] Loss of function mutations in this gene are implicated in pediatric retinoblastoma. (medscape.com)

We also demonstrated that the −657 to +411 DCT promoter fragment efficiently directs RB cell-specific transcription of the luciferase reporter gene in cell lines. (molvis.org)
The regulatory elements required for this cell-specific gene expression are likely located within its proximal promoter. (molvis.org)
Euchro matic, and thereby known, hyperacetylated controls were rep resented by the promoter and five coding areas of 27 cellular housekeeping genes. (sodiumchannel-signal.com)
It is known that some homeobox genes are atRA targets due to the presence of retinoic acid response element (RARE) either in their promoter region or in their 3' region. (temple.edu)

They have single-stranded circular DNA genomes encoding genes that diverge in both directions from a virion strand origin of replication i.e. (primescholarslibrary.org)

We reviewed published microarray and RNA sequencing studies in which gene expression profiles were compared between human RB and normal retina tissues. (molvis.org)

In contrast, 8 transcripts showing unique high expression in the RZ included hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (Hapln1){upregulated by LSJL}, hemoglobin beta-2 subunit, type I procollagen (Col1a2), retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (LOC685491), Sparc-related modular calcium binding 2 (Smoc2) {Upregulated by LSJL}, and calpastatin (Cast) . (heightquest.com)

Additionally, CREBBP has histone acetylation activity, transferring an acetyl group to histones which impact gene expression. (fredhutch.org)

The underlying mechanism for rebalancing amino acid content for both o2 and RNAi is unclear, although it depends on reduced synthesis of the zein storage proteins and a compensatory increase in non-zein protein content [ 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

p53 is a transcription factor whose expression is increased by DNA damage and blocks cell division at the G1 phase of the cell cycle to allow DNA repair. (medscape.com)
The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)
The combination of UHRF1 depletion and HDAC inhibition also induced marked changes in the gene expression profiles such that cell cycle-related genes were strikingly downregulated. (biomedcentral.com)
The interest in p27 expression in mammary carcinoma lies in its behaviour when examined in combination with other G1 cell cycle regulators. (ox.ac.uk)

It is present in protein complexes involved in histone acetylation and chromatin assembly. (wikipedia.org)
To dissect the molecular underpinnings of the relationship between CREBBP and CDH1, the authors showed that histone acetylation may be the method by which CREBBP is regulating the expression of CDH1 and other cellular adhesion genes. (fredhutch.org)
The outcomes for the genome wide histone acetylation prole have been in accordance together with the inactive state of most viral genes in latency, because the viral genome was inside a primarily underacetylated state. (sodiumchannel-signal.com)
This spot also contains a gene with powerful homology for the family of dihydrofolate re ductases, even so, its transcription seems unaffected by histone acetylation, considering that expression of this gene can't be detected. (sodiumchannel-signal.com)

This gene plays a role in craniofacial and cognitive development and mutations have been associated with Williams-Beuren syndrome, a multisystem developmental disorder caused by deletion of multiple genes at 7q11.23. (nih.gov)

Abrogation by c-myc of G1 phase arrest induced by RB protein but not by p53. (wdv.com)

Anatomy19

Organisms10

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs109

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes76

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science3

Health Care2

Regulation12

Phosphorylation4

Mutation10

Apoptosis5

Tumor suppr8

Family of proteins3

Methylation3

Variants7

Prognosis3

Pathways4

Malignant3

Chromosome7

Encodes a tumor suppressor protein2

Interacts3

Regulates6

BRCA11

Subtypes3

PMID1

Cells25

Inhibitor3

Regulate cell3

Cyclin5

Progression7

Pathway1

Tumors5

Transcription Factors1

Target genes required1

MRNA6

Tumour2

Regulator3

RBBP41

Somatic2

Genomic3

Differentiation2

Epigenetic1

Inactivation2

Mice3

Highly conserved2

Mutations in this gene1

Promoter4

Genomes1

Normal retina1

Subunit1

Histones1

Storage proteins1

Cell cycle4

Histone acetylation4

Multiple genes1

Phase1