Entrez Gene
- Entrez Gene: UBC ubiquitin C". Kimura Y, Tanaka K (June 2010). (wikipedia.org)
chromosome
- In humans, IL-10 is encoded by the IL10 gene, which is located on chromosome 1 and comprises 5 exons, and is primarily produced by monocytes and, to a lesser extent, lymphocytes, namely type 2 T helper cells (TH2), mast cells, CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, and in a certain subset of activated T cells and B cells. (wikipedia.org)
- The human gene for IKBKG is located on chromosome Xq28. (wikipedia.org)
- UBC gene is located at chromosome 12q24.3, consisting of 2 exons. (wikipedia.org)
- 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta (14-3-3ζ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YWHAZ gene on chromosome 8. (wikipedia.org)
- The14-3-3 protein zeta/delta (14-3-3ζ) is a protein (in humans encoded by the YWHAZ gene on chromosome 8) with an important apoptotic constituents. (wikipedia.org)
soluble
- Soluble forms of IL-6 R alpha are generated by both alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage (5). (rndsystems.com)
- In a mechanism known as trans-signaling, complexes of soluble IL-6 and IL-6 R alpha elicit responses from gp130-expressing cells that lack cell surface IL-6 R alpha (5). (rndsystems.com)
- Soluble splice forms of gp130 block trans-signaling from IL-6/IL-6 R alpha but not from other cytokines that use gp130 as a co-receptor (5, 9). (rndsystems.com)
- 1997). "Identification, purification, and characterization of a soluble interleukin (IL)-13-binding protein. (wikipedia.org)
- Lai KN, Leung JC, Lai FM: Soluble interleukin 2 receptor release, interleukin 2 production, and interleukin 2 receptor expression in activated T-lymphocytes in vitro. (exbio.cz)
chain of the interleukin-4 recept
- This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE production. (cancerindex.org)
ligand
- The ligand binding of this receptor leads to the activation of various JAK kinases and STAT proteins, which connect to different biologic responses. (wikipedia.org)
- The ligand/receptor complex stimulate the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which contribute to the antiviral state. (genecards.org)
- IL-6 induces signaling through a cell surface heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit (IL-6 R alpha) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). (rndsystems.com)
- CD25 (IL2Ralpha, Tac) is a ligand-binding alpha subunit of interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R). (exbio.cz)
- The IL-2 Receptor (IL-2R) α subunit has low affinity for its ligand but has the ability (when bound to the β and ϒ subunit) to increase the IL-2R affinity 100-fold. (wikipedia.org)
- IKK1 functions as the major kinase phosphorylating serine 536 under different stimuli, such as the ligand activation of the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR). (wikipedia.org)
- Four alpha-helices (αC, αE, αG, and αI) form an amphipathic groove that serves as the ligand binding site, which can recognize three types of consensus binding motifs: RXX(pS/pT)XP, RXXX(pS/pT)XP, and (pS/pT)X1-2-COOH (where pS/pT represents phosphorylated serine/threonine). (wikipedia.org)
- Domain II comprises four repeats homologous to the ligand-binding portion of the LDL receptor with six conserved cysteine residues and a pentapeptide, DGSDE, which mediates ligand binding by the LDL receptor. (wikipedia.org)
IL28RA
- IL28RA is its human gene. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene and interleukin 28 receptor, alpha (IL28RA) form a cytokine receptor gene cluster in the chromosomal region 1p36. (genetex.com)
antibody
- IL-22 receptor alpha 1 antibody was raised against a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids near the amino terminus of human IL-22 receptor alpha 1 precursor. (genetex.com)
- Western blot analysis of IL-22 receptor expression in human HepG2 cell lysate with IL-22 receptor antibody at 1 μg /ml. (genetex.com)
- Immunocytochemistry of IL-22 receptor in HepG2 cells with IL-22 receptor antibody at 10 μg/mL. (genetex.com)
- Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: IL-28 R alpha/IFN-lambda R1 Antibody [NBP1-- Staining of human cell line U-251 MG shows localization to cytosol. (novusbio.com)
- Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: IL-28 R alpha/IFN-lambda R1 Antibody [NBP1-- Staining of human duodenum shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells. (novusbio.com)
- Some viruses such as flaviviruses use Fc receptors to help them infect cells, by a mechanism known as antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. (wikipedia.org)
- There are several different types of Fc receptors (abbreviated FcR), which are classified based on the type of antibody that they recognize. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, those that bind the most common class of antibody, IgG, are called Fc-gamma receptors (FcγR), those that bind IgA are called Fc-alpha receptors (FcαR) and those that bind IgE are called Fc-epsilon receptors (FcεR). (wikipedia.org)
- Another FcR is expressed on multiple cell types and is similar in structure to MHC class I. This receptor also binds IgG and is involved in preservation of this antibody. (wikipedia.org)
- Another receptor can also bind IgA, although it has higher affinity for another antibody called IgM. (wikipedia.org)
cytokines
- The receptor complex has been shown to interact with three closely related cytokines, including interleukin 28A (IL28A), interleukin 28B (IL28B), and interleukin 29 (IL29). (wikipedia.org)
- It has been shown to mediate the immunosuppressive signal of interleukin 10, and thus inhibits the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. (wikipedia.org)
- The functional IL9 receptor complex requires this protein as well as the interleukin 2 receptor, gamma (IL2RG), a common gamma subunit shared by the receptors of many different cytokines. (wikipedia.org)
- Further investigation has shown that IL-10 predominantly inhibits lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bacterial product mediated induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, IL-12, and IFNγ secretion from Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) triggered myeloid lineage cells. (wikipedia.org)
- IL-10 is capable of inhibiting synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-3, TNFα and GM-CSF made by cells such as macrophages and Th1 T cells. (wikipedia.org)
- IL-10 is linked to the myokines, as exercise provokes an increase in circulating levels of IL-1ra, IL-10, and sTNF-R, suggesting that physical exercise fosters an environment of anti-inflammatory cytokines. (wikipedia.org)
mediates
- The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor that specifically mediates the biological effects of interleukin 9 (IL9). (wikipedia.org)
- The IFNLR1/IL10RB dimer is a receptor for the cytokine ligands IFNL2 and IFNL3 and mediates their antiviral activity. (genecards.org)
- Interleukin-7 mediates the homeostasis of naive and memory CD8 T-cells in vivo. (springer.com)
- The NBD peptide consists of the region from T735 to E745 of the IKK-β subunit fused with a sequence derived from the Antennapedia homeodomain that mediates membrane translocation. (wikipedia.org)
- IL-2 mediates its effects by binding to IL-2 receptors, which are expressed by lymphocytes. (wikipedia.org)
- The promoter of the UBC gene contains putative heat shock elements (HSEs), which mediates UBC induction upon stress. (wikipedia.org)
JAK1 and TYK2
- Activation of this receptor leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK1 and TYK2 kinases. (wikipedia.org)
- IL-10 binding induces STAT3 signalling via the phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tails of IL-10 receptor 1 + IL-10 receptor 2 by JAK1 and Tyk2 respectively. (wikipedia.org)
Binds
- IL-6 binds to IL-6 R alpha, triggering IL-6 R alpha association with gp130 and gp130 dimerization (7). (rndsystems.com)
- Aldesleukin binds to the IL-2 receptor which leads to heterodimerization of the cytoplasmic domains of the IL-2R beta and gamma(c) chains, activation of the tyrosine kinase Jak3, and phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the IL-2R beta chain. (drugbank.ca)
- The protein encoded by this gene binds receptors such as the epidermal growth factor receptor and contains one SH2 domain and two SH3 domains. (wikipedia.org)
murine
- More recently, PEGylated recombinant murine IL-10 (PEG-rMuIL-10) has been shown to induce IFNγ and CD8+ T cell dependent anti-tumor immunity. (wikipedia.org)
tyrosine
- These events led to the creation of an activated receptor complex, to which various cytoplasmic signaling molecules are recruited and become substrates for regulatory enzymes (especially tyrosine kinases) that are associated with the receptor. (drugbank.ca)
- Grb2 is best known for its ability to link the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase to the activation of Ras and its downstream kinases, ERK1,2. (wikipedia.org)
recombinant
- More specifically, PEGylated recombinant human IL-10 (PEG-rHuIL-10) has been shown to enhance CD8+ T cell secretion of the cytotoxic molecules Granzyme B and Perforin and potentiate T cell receptor dependent IFNγ secretion. (wikipedia.org)
- 4. The recombinant IL-23Rα protein of claim 1, wherein said recombinant protein interferes with IL-23 cytokine binding to IL-23 receptor, and thereby inhibits IL-23R-mediated cell signaling. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
- 10. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the recombinant protein of claim 1 and a pharmaceutical acceptable excipient. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
- Aldesleukin, a lymphokine, is produced by recombinant DNA technology using a genetically engineered E. coli strain containing an analog of the human interleukin-2 gene. (drugbank.ca)
- Aldesleukin is a form of recombinant interleukin-2. (wikipedia.org)
IL10
- IL22 receptor is a protein complex that consists of this protein and interleukin 10 receptor, beta (IL10BR/CRFB4), a subunit also shared by the receptor complex for interleukin 10 (IL10). (genetex.com)
- IL22 receptor is a protein complex that consists of this protein and interleukin 10 receptor, beta (IL10RB/CRFB4), a subunit also shared by the receptor complex for interleukin 10 (IL10). (wikipedia.org)
- In humans, interleukin 10 is encoded by the IL10 gene. (wikipedia.org)
shown to interact
- Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha subunit has been shown to interact with: Interleukin 10 and Janus kinase 1. (wikipedia.org)
- Interleukin-9 receptor has been shown to interact with YWHAZ. (wikipedia.org)
lambda receptor
- IFNLR1 (Interferon Lambda Receptor 1) is a Protein Coding gene. (genecards.org)
antigen
- Discovered in 1991 IL-10 was initially reported to suppress cytokine secretion, antigen presentation and CD4+ T cell activation. (wikipedia.org)
- One of the checkpoints is signaling through TCR receptor, antigen receptor of T-lymphocytes after recognizing MHC-peptide complex. (wikipedia.org)
anti-inflammatory cytokine
- Interleukin 10 (IL-10), also known as human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is an anti-inflammatory cytokine. (wikipedia.org)
- Interleukin (IL)-35 is a novel anti-inflammatory cytokine that is produced by regulatory T cells. (springer.com)
cluster of differentiat
- Interleukin 9 receptor (IL9R) also known as CD129 (Cluster of Differentiation 129) is a type I cytokine receptor. (wikipedia.org)
- Interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha (IL7R-α) also known as CD127 (Cluster of Differentiation 127) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL7R gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Interleukin-13 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-13Rα2), also known as CD213A2 (cluster of differentiation 213A2), is a membrane bound protein that in humans is encoded by the IL13RA2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
kinase
- This receptor is reported to promote survival of progenitor myeloid cells through the insulin receptor substrate-2/PI 3-kinase/AKT pathway. (wikipedia.org)
- Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha (IKK-α) also known as IKK1 or conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase (CHUK) is a protein kinase that in humans is encoded by the CHUK gene. (wikipedia.org)
- NF-kappa-B essential modulator (NEMO) also known as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit gamma (IKK-γ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKBKG gene. (wikipedia.org)
- NEMO is a subunit of the IκB kinase complex that activates NF-κB. (wikipedia.org)
- NEMO (IKK-γ) is the regulatory subunit of the inhibitor of IκB kinase (IKK) complex, which activates NF-κB resulting in activation of genes involved in inflammation, immunity, cell survival, and other pathways. (wikipedia.org)
- Binding of IKK-γ to IKK-α and IKK-β subunits activates the IKK complex leading to phosphorylation of IκB kinase, IκBα, and release of NF-κB dimers p105 and RELA to translocate to the nucleus and activate transcription of NF-κB responsive genes. (wikipedia.org)
- IKK-β also known as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IKBKB (inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta) gene. (wikipedia.org)
- IKK-β is an enzyme that serves as a protein subunit of IκB kinase, which is a component of the cytokine-activated intracellular signaling pathway involved in triggering immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
- In response to DNA damage, ribosomal subunit kinase-1 (RSK1) also has the ability to phosphorylate RELA at serine 536 in a p53-dependent manner. (wikipedia.org)
structurally related
- This protein is structurally related to interferon receptors. (wikipedia.org)
cytokine receptor activity
- Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include cytokine receptor activity and interferon receptor activity . (genecards.org)
induces
- 2008. IL-6 trans-signalling directly induces RANKL on fibroblast-like synovial cells and is involved in RANKL induction by TNF-alpha and IL-17. (springer.com)
- The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. (wikipedia.org)
extracellular
- It is composed of two extracellular Ig-like domains, and is a member of both the immunoglobulin superfamily and the multi-chain immune recognition receptor (MIRR) family. (wikipedia.org)
- With one Ig-like domain in its extracellular portion, this Fc receptor is also a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
approximately 10
- Plaques of psoriasis A person's arm covered with plaque psoriasis Psoriasis of the palms Additional types of psoriasis comprise approximately 10% of cases. (wikipedia.org)
- The following approximately 10 days help the patient to recover between treatments. (wikipedia.org)
monocytes and macrophages
- Scheibenbogen C, Keilholz U, Richter M, Andreesen R, Hunstein W: The interleukin-2 receptor in human monocytes and macrophages: regulation of expression and release of the alpha and beta chains (p55 and p75). (exbio.cz)
- For instance, IKK2 is found to be mainly responsible for phosphorylating serine 536 in monocytes and macrophages, or in CD40 receptor binding in hepatic stellate cells. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins
- IL-10 signals through a receptor complex consisting of two IL-10 receptor-1 and two IL-10 receptor-2 proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- 2002. IL-8 and TNF-alpha from peripheral neutrophils and acute-phase proteins in periodontitis. (springer.com)
- UBC gene transcription is induced during stress and provides extra ubiquitin necessary to remove damaged/unfolded proteins. (wikipedia.org)
pathways
- Component of IL22 receptor formed by IL22RA1 and IL10RB enabling IL22 signaling via JAK/STAT pathways. (genecards.org)
- Extensive IL-10 locus remodeling is observed in monocytes upon stimulation of TLR or Fc receptor pathways. (wikipedia.org)
- What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the 14-3-3 protein family and a central hub protein for many signal transduction pathways. (wikipedia.org)
class II cytokine
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the class II cytokine receptor family. (wikipedia.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the class II cytokine receptor family, and has been shown to be a receptor for interleukin 22 (IL22). (genetex.com)
lymphocyte
- The turning point was the sharp division of bronchial asthma into two large groups based on the expression of the type 2 helper T lymphocyte (T H 2) genes underlying the disease, namely, T H 2-high and T H 2-low asthma ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Functional
- IL7R-α is a type I cytokine receptor and is a subunit of the functional Interleukin-7 receptor and Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) receptors. (wikipedia.org)
- Consequently, the functional receptor consists of four IL-10 receptor molecules. (wikipedia.org)
high affinity
- Together with beta and gamma subunit CD25 constitues the high affinity IL2R, whereas CD25 alone serves as the low affinity IL2R. (exbio.cz)
- Two types of FcεR are known: the high-affinity receptor FcεRI is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (it has two Ig-like domains). (wikipedia.org)
regulate
- A novel mechanism by which interferon-gamma can regulate interleukin (IL)-13 responses. (wikipedia.org)
- Once activated, NF-κB transcription factors regulate genes that are implicated in many important cellular processes, including immune response, inflammation, cell death, and cell proliferation. (wikipedia.org)
- Furthermore, 14-3-3ζ may regulate glucose receptor trafficking in response to insulin levels through its interaction with IRS1. (wikipedia.org)
pathway
- IL-10 may autoregulate its expression via a negative feed-back loop involving autocrine stimulation of the IL-10 receptor and inhibition of the p38 signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
- IL-10 can block NF-κB activity, and is involved in the regulation of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. (wikipedia.org)
- Phosphorylated IκB is degraded via the ubiquitination pathway, freeing NF-κB, and allowing its entry into the nucleus of the cell where it activates various genes involved in inflammation and other immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
- This gene is similar to the sem-5 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans, which is involved in the signal transduction pathway. (wikipedia.org)
tumor
- Expression of IL-10 from transfected tumor cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
- or dosing with IL-10 leads to control of primary tumor growth and decreased metastatic burden. (wikipedia.org)
- Interleukin 1, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor in infection, inflammation and immunity. (springer.com)
IL22
- Component of the receptor for IL20, IL22 and IL24. (genecards.org)
- Receptor for IL22. (uniprot.org)
human
- IL9R also denotes its human gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Polymorphisms in this gene are also associated with resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection. (cancerindex.org)
- Genetic engineering techniques were used to modify the human IL-2 gene, and the resulting expression clone encodes a modified human interleukin-2. (drugbank.ca)
- The reagent is designed for Flow Cytometry analysis of human blood cells using 4 μl reagent / 100 μl of whole blood or 10 6 cells in a suspension. (exbio.cz)
- Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. (wikipedia.org)
gamma
- IL-2 signals through the IL-2 receptor, a complex consisting of three chains, termed alpha, beta and gamma. (wikipedia.org)
- The Fc-gamma receptors differ in their affinity for IgG and likewise the different IgG subclasses have unique affinities for each of the Fc gamma receptors. (wikipedia.org)
expression
- Trans-signaling enables a wider range of cell types to respond to IL-6, as the expression of gp130 is ubiquitous, while that of IL-6 R alpha is predominantly restricted to hepatocytes, monocytes, and resting lymphocytes (2, 5). (rndsystems.com)
- The expression of IL-10 is minimal in unstimulated tissues and seems to require triggering by commensal or pathogenic flora. (wikipedia.org)
- IL-10 expression is tightly regulated at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. (wikipedia.org)
- Additionally, IL-10 expression is extensively regulated at the post-transcriptional level, which may involve control of mRNA stability via AU-rich elements and by microRNAs such as let-7 or miR-106. (wikipedia.org)
- Search the gene expression profiles from curated DataSets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. (cancerindex.org)
- Gene expression regulation for IL-2 can be on multiple levels or by different ways. (wikipedia.org)
- Its localization to both the cytoplasm and nucleus also suggests a role in gene expression, possibly through regulation of transcription factor activity. (wikipedia.org)
complex
- This protein forms a receptor complex with interleukin 10 receptor, beta (IL10RB). (wikipedia.org)
- IL-13Rα2 is closely related to IL-13Rα1, a subunit of the interleukin-13 receptor complex. (wikipedia.org)
- Inflammatory bowel disease 28 (IBD28): A chronic, relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract with a complex etiology. (nih.gov)
- NBD is a peptide that acts by binding to regulatory subunit NEMO (IKK-γ) thereby preventing it from binding subunits IKK-α and IKK-β and activating the IKK complex. (wikipedia.org)
- In the absence of regulatory subunit IKK-γ the IKK complex is inactive, preventing the downstream signal transduction cascade leading to NF-κB activation. (wikipedia.org)
- In the presence of the NBD peptide, the IKK complex remains inactive and IκBα sequesters NF-κB dimers in the cytoplasm inhibiting transcription of NF-κB responsive genes. (wikipedia.org)
- This property allows FcγRI to bind a sole IgG molecule (or monomer), but all Fcγ receptors must bind multiple IgG molecules within an immune complex to be activated. (wikipedia.org)
inflammation
- Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic, alpha -helical, 22-28 kDa phosphorylated and variably glycosylated cytokine that plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism, and cancer progression (1-5). (rndsystems.com)
- IL-10 is a cytokine with multiple, pleiotropic, effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. (wikipedia.org)
affinity
- the low-affinity receptor FcεRII (CD23) is a C-type lectin. (wikipedia.org)
protein encoded
- The protein encoded by this gene is a receptor for interleukin 10. (wikipedia.org)
- The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. (wikipedia.org)
- Polyubiquitin-C is a protein encoded by the UBC gene in humans. (wikipedia.org)
humans
- Interleukin 22 receptor, alpha 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL22RA1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- 1-Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLCB1 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- In humans, the GRB2 protein is encoded by the GRB2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Transcription factor p65 also known as nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RELA gene. (wikipedia.org)
- Perlecan (PLC) also known as basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein (HSPG) or heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPG2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
hematopoietic stem
- CD123, the alpha chain of the interleukin-3 receptor heterodimer, is expressed on the majority of leukemic stem cells and myelodysplastic syndrome hematopoietic stem cells and in 80% of acute myeloid leukemia. (haematologica.org)
encodes
- The YWHAZ gene encodes two transcript variants which differ in the 5' UTR but produce the same protein. (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies
- Fc receptors bind to antibodies that are attached to infected cells or invading pathogens. (wikipedia.org)