AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation Science
Cell DifferentiationCells, CulturedStem CellsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalTranscription FactorsSignal TransductionEmbryonic Stem CellsCell LineageCell LineGene Expression RegulationRNA, MessengerTretinoinCell DivisionCell ProliferationDNA-Binding ProteinsMice, Inbred C57BLSex DifferentiationMolecular Sequence DataMice, KnockoutHomeodomain ProteinsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMice, TransgenicBase SequencePhenotypeGene ExpressionImmunohistochemistryTranscription, GeneticOsteogenesisTrans-ActivatorsMesenchymal Stromal CellsBasic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription FactorsOsteoblastsEmbryo, MammalianAntigens, DifferentiationDimethyl SulfoxideIn Situ HybridizationRepressor ProteinsHematopoietic Stem CellsGene Expression ProfilingHL-60 CellsFlow CytometryPromoter Regions, GeneticTumor Cells, CulturedCell Culture TechniquesB-LymphocytesLeukemia, Erythroblastic, AcuteMuscle DevelopmentAdipogenesisDown-RegulationTransfectionEpithelial CellsPlasma CellsMyoblastsModels, BiologicalNeuronsBone Marrow CellsReceptors, NotchNuclear ProteinsBlotting, WesternUp-RegulationTime FactorsMorphogenesisCell CycleMutationApoptosisMesodermAmino Acid SequenceBone Morphogenetic ProteinsDNA PrimersAdipocytesMyoD ProteinBone Morphogenetic Protein 2Membrane ProteinsKeratinocytesNerve Tissue ProteinsGATA3 Transcription FactorProto-Oncogene ProteinsCell SurvivalMyogeninCoculture TechniquesChick EmbryoLens, CrystallineTransforming Growth Factor betaAlkaline PhosphataseBiological MarkersLeukemia, Promyelocytic, AcuteFluorescent Antibody TechniqueEndodermNeural Stem CellsTh2 CellsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisReceptor, Notch1Lymphocyte ActivationEpidermisPhosphorylationPluripotent Stem CellsRNA, Small InterferingCarcinoma, EmbryonalMonocytesProtein Binding
Proliferation and differentiationOsteogenic differentiationGrowth and differentiationRegulatesHelper Cell DifferentiationEmbryonicRegenerationEpithelialMechanismsInducesPathwaysGenesAffecting cell proliferationTerminal DifferentiationMaturationProgenitor cellsRegulationCellularGeneInduce differentiationNeuronalGlialApoptosisEffectorMesenchymal stemTissuesAdipogenicRegulateCytokineHematopoieticPromotesPhenotypeTh17Regulatory T celOsteoblastsProteinAdhesionExpressionEndothelial functionLymphocytesDevelopmentPathwaySelectivelyMiRNAsAntigen presentationEpigeneticInhibitsInhibitionImmune cellsStromal cellsTubularPeripheralMethodsFateViabilityNeuralProcessesProinflammatoryBone marrowTumor cellAbnormalUpstream
Proliferation and differentiation5
  • Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
  • It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)
  • Dnmt3a regulates both proliferation and differentiation of mouse neural stem cells. (ca.gov)
  • These genes increase the proliferation and differentiation of cells associated with the hair follicle matrix. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A leading hypothesis proposes that tubular cell proliferation and differentiation are linked to flow rate and that ciliary dysfunction may thus lead to cystic transformation. (msdmanuals.com)
Osteogenic differentiation18
  • In this study, we verified that exosomes derived from osteogenically differentiated ADSCs can promote osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, we found that these differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs connect osteogenic differentiation to processes such as axon guidance, MAPK signaling, and Wnt signaling. (hindawi.com)
  • This study confirms that alterations in the expression of exosomal miRNAs can promote osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs, which also provides the foundation for further research on the regulatory functions of exosomal miRNAs in the context of ADSC osteogenesis. (hindawi.com)
  • This study was therefore aimed at establishing the dose-response effect of EPO stimulation on rat BMSCs and investigating the effects of mechanical stretch combined with EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
  • The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs were examined and compared using EPO with different concentrations. (hindawi.com)
  • The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, COL, and Runx2 were detected by qPCR. (hindawi.com)
  • Mechanical stretch combined with 20 IU/ml EPO promoted proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
  • EPO was able to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and these effects were enhanced when combined with mechanical stretch. (hindawi.com)
  • Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • This study was therefore aimed at addressing three key issues: First, is there a dose-dependent effect of EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs? (hindawi.com)
  • Recently, miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) regulatory relationships have been confirmed during biological processes, including osteogenic differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • This study aimed to find out more candidate miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • The MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured and incubated in the osteogenic differentiation medium for 14 days. (frontiersin.org)
  • There were 7 overlapped miRNA-mRNA pairs identified during osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, including mmu-miR-204-5p-Arhgap11a, mmu-miR-211-5p-Arhgap11a, mmu-miR-24-3p-H2afx, mmu-miR-3470b-Chek2, mmu-miR-3470b-Dlgap5, mmu-miR-466b-3p-Chek1, and mmu-miR-466c-3p-Chek1. (frontiersin.org)
  • The Arhgap11a, H2afx, Chek2, Dlgap5, and Chek1 were hub genes downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells after osteogenic differentiation, verified by RT-qPCR results. (frontiersin.org)
  • Our study characterizes miR-211-5p targeting Arhgap11a promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, which provides novel targets to promote the osteogenesis process during bone repair. (frontiersin.org)
  • Transfection of MDS-MSCs with the miR-103-3p mimic improved osteogenic differentiation and decreased adipogenic differentiation in vitro, while inhibition of miR-103-3p showed the opposite results in NOR-MSCs. (techscience.com)
  • The miR-103-3p mimics may boost MDS-MSCs osteogenic differentiation while weakening lipid differentiation, thereby providing possible target for the treatment of MDS pathogenesis. (techscience.com)
Growth and differentiation4
  • B Cell Growth and Differentiation Factors (also known as BCGF and BCDF) are two important groups of soluble factors controlling the life cycle of B cells (also referred to as B lymphocytes, cells which perform functions including: antibody secretion, antigen presentation, preservation of memory for antigens, and lymphokine secretion). (wikipedia.org)
  • Yet the magnitude of its effect is much less than BCGF and BCDF in both growth and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Transcriptome characterization elucidates signaling networks that control human ES cell growth and differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • SOS-1 is a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor that functions in the transduction of signals that control cell growth and differentiation 9,10 . (bvsalud.org)
Regulates3
  • Activation of mTOR-dependent pathways regulates the specification and differentiation of CD4 + T effector cell subsets. (jci.org)
  • To understand how the genome and epigenome regulates cellular function, development of high-throughput sequencing methods, known as next-generation sequencing, are beginning to unravel genome-wide correlations between the genome, epigenome and transcriptome within a large population of cells or tissues. (confex.com)
  • Thus, my research interests are to develop novel single-cell genomics methods to better understand how changes in the epigenetic landscape during normal development regulates cellular differentiation, information that is critical towards realizing the full potential of regenerative medicine. (confex.com)
Helper Cell Differentiation20
Embryonic8
  • To understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control beta cell maturation and function in the embryonic and adult pancreas. (lu.se)
  • Understanding the mechanisms underlying embryonic beta cell development will be a prerequisite for the development of a universally available cell replacement therapy in diabetes. (lu.se)
  • Here we examined whether deficiency of a de novo DNA methyltransferase, Dnmt3a, affects in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to neuronal and glial cell lineages. (ca.gov)
  • Dr. Goswami, principal scientist at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, is studying in vitro differentiation of carp embryonic, myogenic, and adipogenic stem cells in collaboration with the Ovissipour Lab at Virginia Tech. (gfi.org)
  • This work will develop new cell lines for cultivated seafood production, provide insights into the relative merits of embryonic and adult stem cells as starting materials, and improve our ability to control the myogenic and adipogenic differentiation processes. (gfi.org)
  • Particularly, human embryonic stem cells (hES cells), which can give rise to all tissues of an organism (Figure A), are used to generate mature cells of the heart (Figure B) allowing us to study radiation/microgravity-induced cardiovascular alterations, which may occur during long-term space missions. (gsi.de)
  • A) Colonies of human embryonic stem cells, bright field microscopy, scale bar: 100µm. (gsi.de)
  • I've also worked with differentiation from embryonic stem cells into interneurons. (lu.se)
Regeneration5
  • The successful generation of beta cells in vitro and regeneration of pancreatic beta cells in vivo will require a thorough understanding of the pathways that direct the normal development and function of these cells. (lu.se)
  • Over the last decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted extensive attention in the field of bone regeneration [ 4 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Consequently, PLDL and PDL seemed to be promising scaffold candidates for odontogenic regeneration at least as HA-TCP, when they were applied with the DPSC induced for odontogenic differentiation. (scielo.br)
  • Although different stem cells, morphogens and scaffolds can be combined to simulate natural odontogenic regeneration, it is crucial to determine which options most closely replicate the characteristics of human dental tissues. (scielo.br)
Epithelial8
  • Results In IPF, the bronchiolised and enlarged distal airspaces stained for SOX2 are consistent with epithelial differentiation characteristic of conducting airway epithelium. (bmj.com)
  • NRG1α was detected in serous cells within normal submucosal glands and in epithelial cells lining honeycombing areas in IPF, and was not detected in other patients. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusion Expression of SOX2 and MUC5B and lack of SPDEF in atypically differentiated cells of bronchiolised distal airspaces are consistent with abnormal programming of airway epithelial cells in IPF. (bmj.com)
  • Activation of abnormal respiratory epithelial differentiation programs may contribute to the expression of MUC5B and bronchiolisation of the distal lung, a salient feature of IPF. (bmj.com)
  • A Novel Gene Which Is Up-Regulated during Colon Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Down-Regulated in Colorectal Neoplasms," Laboratory Investigation: A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, Vol. 77, No. 1, 1997, pp. 85-92. (scirp.org)
  • The gut barrier is made up of the mucus layer, gut microbiome, epithelial cells, and immune cells in the lamina propria. (medscape.com)
  • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a nonmelanocytic skin cancer (ie, an epithelial tumor) that arises from basal cells (ie, small, round cells found in the lower layer of the epidermis). (medscape.com)
  • Transient transfection of intracellular Notch1 (Notch1-IC) into a pre-B cell line resulted in the down-regulation of EBF-regulated promoters and diminished the capacity of EBF to activate these promoters in an epithelial cell line. (lu.se)
Mechanisms9
  • There has been much progress in the past year, leading to identification of the molecular mechanisms that drive differentiation of Th17 T cells. (nih.gov)
  • The scale, resolution and richness of biological information presented here facilitate exploration of gene-specific and systems-level mechanisms of lineage differentiation in Metazoans. (nih.gov)
  • Impact Understanding the mechanisms underlying beta cell development and function will be a prerequisite for cell replacement therapy in diabetes. (lu.se)
  • The authors sought to identify mechanisms driving the differentiation of mucus cells during the bronchiolisation process. (bmj.com)
  • hES cells also serve as a basis for cerebral organoid models (Figure C) to better understand e.g. the mechanisms of cognitive impairment and radiation necrosis as severe side effects of radiation therapies. (gsi.de)
  • However, the full promise of regenerative medicine has been difficult to achieve so far, partly due to our incomplete understanding of the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms regulating differentiation of stem cells to specific lineages and tissues. (confex.com)
  • Further, while cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression has been shown to drive dramatic phenotypic variations, the upstream epigenetic mechanisms regulating this heterogeneity remain largely unknown 8 . (confex.com)
  • Although IL-22-producing helper T (Th22) cells have been reported to be involved in human tuberculosis, the mechanisms by which Th22 cells differentiate and are recruited into the pleural space are unknown. (atsjournals.org)
  • While there is no full understanding of their exact mechanisms of action, proponents hypothesize that antineoplastons restore normal cellular functions and balance, promoting the body's natural defense against cancer cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Induces5
  • BCGF I induces "resting" cells to become susceptible to stimulation by ligands. (wikipedia.org)
  • Induces differentiation in late-stage activated cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IFN-alpha, beta 2, and gamma (interferons alpha, beta 2, and gamma) - IFN-gamma in combination with IL-2 also induces early-stage differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 11-26c.2a antibody neither induces proliferation of splenic B cells nor induces B cell activation. (biolegend.com)
  • A long-acting fluorinated corticosteroid, dexamethasone induces apoptosis of leukemia cells by means of glucocorticoid receptors. (medscape.com)
Pathways7
  • Many of the pro-inflammatory pathways activated during cell death occur upon mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), the pivotal commitment point to cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Caspases, while dispensable for cell death during mitochondrial apoptosis, inhibit activation of pro-inflammatory pathways after MOMP. (nature.com)
  • For instance, mtDNA and bacterial DNA are highly similar thereby activating similar cell autonomous immune signalling pathways. (nature.com)
  • Methods Pathways governing airway mucus cell differentiation include SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2), Notch, forkhead box A3(FOXA3)/SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the EGF-related neuregulins NRG1α and NRG1β. (bmj.com)
  • In this work, pathways governing mucus cell differentiation were investigated in lung tissues from patients with IPF and other chronic pulmonary disorders. (bmj.com)
  • Further studies are required to clarify the intra cel lular molecular pathways affecting NDRG1 function in human prostate cancer. (scirp.org)
  • He proposed that they work by targeting various biochemical pathways involved in cancer cell growth and survival. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Genes6
  • The database stores data from recent systematic studies of cell lineage differentiation in the C. elegans embryo containing ∼ 200 conserved genes, 1400 perturbed cell lineages and 600,000 digitized single cells. (nih.gov)
  • N. van Belzen, W. N. Dinjens, B. H. Eussen and F. T. Bosman, "Expression of Differentiation-Related Genes in Colorectal Cancer: Possible Implications for Prognosis," Histology and Histopathology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 1998, pp. 1233-1242. (scirp.org)
  • K. Kokame, H. Kato and T. Miyata, "Homocysteine-Respondent Genes in Vascular Endothelial Cells Identified by Differential Display Analysis. (scirp.org)
  • Hypomethylation may restore normal function to genes critical for cell differentiation and proliferation. (medscape.com)
  • Las redes funcionan para en última instancia especificar la expresión de conjuntos concretos de GENES para estados, momentos o lugares específicos. (bvsalud.org)
  • The networks function to ultimately specify expression of particular sets of GENES for specific conditions, times, or locations. (bvsalud.org)
Affecting cell proliferation1
  • T. Napso, N. Azzam, A. Lerner and F. Fares, " N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 Increases Differentiation Factors Level in Human Prostate Cancer Cells without Affecting Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Profiles," Journal of Cancer Therapy , Vol. 4 No. 2, 2013, pp. 568-574. (scirp.org)
Terminal Differentiation2
  • Nur77 controls tolerance induction, terminal differentiation, and effector functions in semi-invariant natural killer T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Thus, Nur77 integrates signals emanating from the TCR to control thymic iNKT cell tolerance induction, terminal differentiation, and effector functions. (ox.ac.uk)
Maturation2
  • Most factors act in many points throughout the B cell lifecycle, activation, growth, differentiation, and maturation, making this a complex pathway for study. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) are commonly used to evaluate differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts. (frontiersin.org)
Progenitor cells3
  • Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • They have a higher odontogenic differentiation capacity compared to other cell groups due to their content of specific progenitor cells. (scielo.br)
  • [ 18 ] Arylsulfatase A deficiency leads to defective glial and neuronal differentiation from neural progenitor cells. (medscape.com)
Regulation11
  • Nevertheless, many intriguing questions remain to be answered regarding the regulation of Th17-mediated responses as well as their interactions with the other T-cell subsets. (nih.gov)
  • Naturally occurring regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a distinct lineage of T lymphocytes that play a role in the regulation of immune responses and in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance. (eurekaselect.com)
  • We now identify Barx2, MyoD, and Pax7 as novel components of the Wnt effector complex, providing a new molecular pathway for regulation of muscle progenitor differentiation. (edu.au)
  • We propose that antagonism between Barx2 and Pax7 in regulation of Wnt signaling may help mediate the switch from myoblast proliferation to differentiation. (edu.au)
  • Osteoblast mainly originates from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and it is involved in bone formation, remodeling, and reconstruction via the formation of a bone matrix and regulation of bone resorption ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Regulation of actin dynamics and analysis of genomic influences on actin function. (upstate.edu)
  • Elucidate the structure, dynamics and functions of intrinsically disordered proteins and protein regions (IDPs/IDRs) and their biological regulation by Post-translational modifications. (upstate.edu)
  • Even though its sequence along with its expressional pattern in cancer cell lines are evident, the functional aspects concerning cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and cell cycle regulation of NDRG1 remains vague. (scirp.org)
  • However, differentiation and immune regulation of Th22 cells in tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) remain unknown. (atsjournals.org)
  • PD-L1 up-regulation restrains Th17 cell differentiation in STAT3 loss- and STAT1 gain-of-function patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • May be involved in regulation of transcriptional responses to NF-kappa-B, including cell adhesion, immune and proinflammatory responses, apoptosis, differentiation and growth. (lu.se)
Cellular8
  • The combination of the two offers the opportunity to map gene functions and gene networks in vivo at single-cell resolution using cell tracking and quantification of cellular phenotypes. (nih.gov)
  • The peptide hormone insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is critical for maintaining normal blood glucose levels and acts to regulate cellular metabolism and growth by facilitating glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Changes in cellular enzymes and extracellular release of lysosomal acid hydrolases in macrophages exposed to a group A streptococcal cell wall substance. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), also known as differentiation related gene 1, was previously identified as an up - regulated gene upon cellular differentiation. (scirp.org)
  • Similarly, in specific cases, such as cancers, viral infections and in certain cell-types during normal development, mutations and other structural variations within the genome also influences cellular functions. (confex.com)
  • Cellular immunity, particularly of CD4 + T cells, IFN-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, has a central role in the control of and protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection ( 1 ). (atsjournals.org)
  • Plays a role in various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell survival. (abcam.com)
  • Cellular apoptosis (ie, programmed cell death) is another potential mechanism of many antineoplastic agents. (medscape.com)
Gene10
  • Here we present Digital Development (http://www.digital-development.org), a database of cell lineage differentiation with curated phenotypes, cell-specific gene functions and a multiscale model. (nih.gov)
  • This information includes lineage differentiation phenotypes, cell-specific gene functions, differentiation landscapes and fate choices, and a multiscale model of lineage differentiation. (nih.gov)
  • The results of these analyses revealed that the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in multiple biological processes, such as gene expression, synthesis of biomolecules, cell development, differentiation, and signal transduction, among others. (hindawi.com)
  • Introgression of a rearranged Vα14-Jα18 TCR-α chain gene into the Nur77tg (Nur77tg;Vα14tg) mouse rescued iNKT cell development up to the early precursor stage, stage 0. (ox.ac.uk)
  • An MC3T3-E1-based microarray dataset (accessioned as GSE46400) downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus included MC3T3-E1 cells with or without 14-day osteoblast differentiation osteoblast induction. (frontiersin.org)
  • The CTNNB1 gene mutations that cause desmoid tumors are somatic, which means they are acquired during a person's lifetime and are present only in tumor cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The CTNNB1 gene mutations found in pilomatricomas are described as gain-of-function mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Because tissues are composed of several cell-types and even cells within the same cell-type have been shown to display dramatic cell-to-cell variability in gene expression, bulk measurements obscure quantification of how genetic or epigenetic features directly influence the function of individual cells. (confex.com)
  • In this context, in the undifferentiated state, the entropy would be large since fewer constraints exist on the gene expression programmes of the cell. (lu.se)
  • In order to assess these predictions, we compute the Shannon entropy for time- resolved single-cell gene expression data in two different experimental set-ups of haematopoietic differentiation. (lu.se)
Induce differentiation2
  • IL-5 cannot induce differentiation in cells activated by anti-Ig. (wikipedia.org)
  • An odontogenic medium modified by the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 was used in the experimental groups to induce differentiation. (scielo.br)
Neuronal2
  • DNA methylation is known to regulate cell differentiation and neuronal function in vivo. (ca.gov)
  • 2001. Subchronic dermal application of N,N-diethyl m-toluamide (DEET) and permethrin to adult rats, alone or in combination, causes diffuse neuronal cell death and cytoskeletal abnormalities in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus, and purkinje neuron loss in the cerebellum. (cdc.gov)
Glial1
  • Early-passage neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from Dnmt3a-deficient ESCs exhibited a moderate phenotype in precocious glial differentiation compared with wild-type counterparts. (ca.gov)
Apoptosis1
  • Thymic atrophy was the result of direct action of THC and not based on maternal factors inasmuch as THC was able to induce T cell apoptosis in vitro in fetal thymic organ cultures. (aspetjournals.org)
Effector5
  • IL-17-producing T cells have recently been classified as a new effector T-cell subset, termed Th17, which is distinct from Th1, Th2 and Treg subsets. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, the role of pathogens and pathogen-derived molecules in influencing effector T-cell polarization needs to be re-evaluated in the light of the differentiation conditions that favor Th17 T-cell responses. (nih.gov)
  • Herein, we show that mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 have distinct roles in the generation of CD8 + T cell effector and memory populations. (jci.org)
  • however, due to constitutive mTORC1 activation, these cells retained a terminally differentiated effector phenotype and were incapable of transitioning into a memory state. (jci.org)
  • Immunoreceptor signaling during development, homeostasis, and effector function of T cells and NK cells. (upstate.edu)
Mesenchymal stem3
  • The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)
  • The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
  • The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
Tissues4
  • The immune system is constituted by a very complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that through soluble factors and direct cell-to-cell contacts interact among themselves and with cells belonging to other (organ) systems. (frontiersin.org)
  • This protein is present in many types of cells and tissues, where it is primarily found at junctions that connect neighboring cells (adherens junctions). (medlineplus.gov)
  • In adult tissues, this pathway plays a role in the maintenance and renewal of stem cells, which are cells that help repair tissue damage and can give rise to other types of cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • More specifically, regenerative medicine has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating degenerating tissues using different types of stem cells. (confex.com)
Adipogenic1
  • This project aims to develop continuous cell lines from carp and characterize their adipogenic and myogenic differentiation. (gfi.org)
Regulate2
  • By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
  • By discussing the EMF modulating effects on cell functions, we envisage the use of EMF as a therapeutic agent to regulate immune responses associated with wound healing. (frontiersin.org)
Cytokine9
  • In addition to their efficient lipid-lowering effects, statins exhibit independent so called pleiotropic effects potentially affecting several immune response properties including immune cell activation, migration, cytokine generation, immune metabolism, and survival. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
  • BCGF II - a cytokine secreted by T cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-1 - a cytokine derived from macrophages, this factor drives cells into S phase, usually working after BCGF I. IL-1 weakly co-stimulates even resting B cells in the presence of anti-Ig and can enhance BCDF function. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-2 - a cytokine key activating factor for T cells and B cells secreted by T cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-3 - cytokine associated with the differentiation of more mature B cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-4 - cytokine associated with the differentiation of mature T cells, which some B cell precursors are also responsive to. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-5 - cytokine that acts like IL-6, except it can also induce proliferation in B cells, and its effect on differentiation is partially inhibited by IL-4. (wikipedia.org)
  • IL-6 (BSF-2) - cytokine that acts exclusively as a B cell differentiation factor, stimulating increase in levels of Ig, J-chain mRNA, and proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Naive CD4 + T cells can develop into various helper T (Th) subsets with different cytokine profiles and play a discriminative role in translating antigen-specific immune responses into tissue functions or immunopathology. (atsjournals.org)
Hematopoietic2
  • The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)
  • This agent exerts its antineoplastic effects by DNA hypomethylation and direct cytotoxicity on abnormal hematopoietic bone marrow cells. (medscape.com)
Promotes6
  • We previously demonstrated that the Barx2 homeobox protein promotes differentiation in cooperation with the muscle regulatory factor (MRF) MyoD. (edu.au)
  • Moreover, Barx2 interacts with the core Wnt effectors β-catenin and T cell-factor 4 (TCF4), is recruited to TCF/lymphoid enhancer factor sites, and promotes recruitment of β-catenin. (edu.au)
  • The Wnt signaling pathway promotes the growth and division (proliferation) of cells and helps determine the specialized functions a cell will have (differentiation). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Excess beta-catenin promotes the uncontrolled proliferation of cells, allowing the formation of desmoid tumors. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This active beta-catenin protein promotes Wnt signaling longer than normal, which leads to the unchecked proliferation of kidney cells and tumor development. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Vasopressin promotes cell growth and fluid secretion via the cyclic AMP pathway, which leads to increase in the size and number of cysts in polycystic kidney disease. (msdmanuals.com)
Phenotype2
  • Whilst high and stable Foxp3 expression levels may be required to maintain the Treg cell phenotype and function, Treg lineage commitment might be independent of Foxp3. (eurekaselect.com)
  • However, successive passaging to passage 6 (P6), when wild-type NSCs become gliogenic, revealed a robust phenotype of precocious astrocyte and oligodendrocyte differentiation in Dnmt3a(-/-) NSCs, consistent with our previous findings in the more severely hypomethylated Dnmt1(-/-) NSCs. (ca.gov)
Th171
  • More and more data have demonstrated that several Th subsets, such as Th1 cells ( 3 ), Th17 cells ( 4 ), regulatory T cells ( 5 ), and so on, are involved in the pathogenesis of TPE. (atsjournals.org)
Regulatory T cel1
  • Exploring the role of miRNA 210 and regulatory T cells during TDI sensitization (HYP6P.270). (cdc.gov)
Osteoblasts2
  • Recently, a number of studies have confirmed that ADSCs possess the ability to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes [ 16 - 18 ], suggesting that a broader source of stem cells is available for application in tissue engineering. (hindawi.com)
  • Furthermore, mechanical stretch may induce the differentiation of BMSCs into mature osteoblasts and enhance the deposition of the bone matrix [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Protein6
  • The beta-catenin protein is also involved in cell signaling as an essential part of the Wnt signaling pathway. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Certain proteins in this pathway attach (bind) to beta-catenin, which triggers a multistep process that allows the protein to move into the cell nucleus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This protein is active in cells that make up a part of the hair follicle known as the matrix. (medlineplus.gov)
  • As a result, the protein accumulates within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Maternal sera were dialyzed in vitro across individual or combined fetal membranes to elucidate the functions of the membranes in protein transport. (researchgate.net)
  • S100 is an acidic acute liver failure may in part be correlated to protein with a molecular weight of 21 kDA impaired astrocytic functions [16]. (who.int)
Adhesion1
Expression11
  • We now define the mechanism whereby maintenance of Hnf6 expression postnatally leads to β-cell dysfunction. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Sustained expression of Hnf6 also results in downregulation of the β-cell-specific transcription factor MafA and a decrease in total pancreatic insulin. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • These results suggest that downregulation of Hnf6 expression in β-cells during development is essential to achieve a mature, glucose-responsive β-cell. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • MiR-211-5p upregulation by its mimic increased Arhgap11a expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Osterix (OSX) is a transcription factor in the SP family, which is essential for osteoblast differentiation, and its expression is closely related to Runx2 ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Thus, the expression of miR-103-3p decreases in MDS BM plasma and MDS-MSCs, significantly impacting MDS-MSCs differentiation. (techscience.com)
  • Draining lymph node CD4+ cells showed significantly increased miRNA 210 expression following a single exposure to TDI. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, human cDNA of NDRG1 from normal placenta was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and transfected into the three cancer cell lines. (scirp.org)
  • This resulted in over-expression of NDRG1, which in turn markedly up regulated two differentiation markers of the prostate tissue, p21 and cytokeratin 8/18. (scirp.org)
  • Unpredictably, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were unaffected fol lowing NDRG1 expression. (scirp.org)
  • These results revealed that NDRG1 is functional in prostate cancer cells and able to induce expression of differentiation factors through p53 independent pathway. (scirp.org)
Endothelial function1
  • May be important for endothelial function and maintenance of blood vessel integrity. (abcam.com)
Lymphocytes4
  • Semi-invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are self-reactive lymphocytes, yet how this lineage attains self-tolerance remains unknown. (ox.ac.uk)
  • T lymphocytes for adoptive cell therapy against hematological cancer. (upstate.edu)
  • Finally, using primary lung stem cells or lymphocytes from different donors, we study the effects of radon on patients, who are treated in radon spas or baths to alleviate rheumatic diseases. (gsi.de)
  • An accumulation of lymphocytes, especially CD4 + T cells, in TPE has been well documented ( 2 ). (atsjournals.org)
Development13
  • The Onecut homeodomain transcription factor hepatic nuclear factor 6 (Hnf6) is necessary for proper development of islet β-cells. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Here we report that sustained Nur77 overexpression (Nur77tg) in mouse thymocytes abrogates iNKT cell development. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Neuroleukin TGF-beta LP1 - a growth factor active in the development of immature B cells and capable of stimulating proliferation of B cell precursors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The molecular study of fat cell development in the human body is essential for our understanding of obesity and related diseases. (mdpi.com)
  • Dr. Goswami has a strong background in molecular biology and experience in the development and characterization of fish cell lines. (gfi.org)
  • Dr. Duscher's research focuses on optimizing cost-effective and efficient fish cell culture for the development of cultivated seafood. (gfi.org)
  • For this purpose, we use human stem cells that play a pivotal role in tissue development, maintenance and function. (gsi.de)
  • Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), known as active components of odontogenic differentiation and tooth development, have been used as a growth factor in an appropriate medium. (scielo.br)
  • Quantitative Biology of Development & Stem Cells, Hubrecht Institute, The Netherlands. (confex.com)
  • By this function, it also helps protect these areas from cancer cell development. (healthy.net)
  • Interacting DNA-encoded regulatory subsystems in the GENOME that coordinate input from activator and repressor TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS during development, cell differentiation, or in response to environmental cues. (bvsalud.org)
  • One of these is fate determination of the common lymphoid progenitor, promoting T-cell development at the expense of B-cell differentiation. (lu.se)
  • It has been suggested that this process relies on Notch's ability to inhibit E proteins, which are crucial for early B-cell development. (lu.se)
Pathway2
  • However, the pathway downstream NDRG1, involving p21 and c8/18, regulating cell cycle progression and DNA synthesis is unfunctional. (scirp.org)
  • The Notch signaling pathway is involved in several lineage commitment and differentiation events. (lu.se)
Selectively4
  • The discovery of Foxp3 as a key transcription factor selectively expressed in Treg cells enabled phenotypically defined populations of these cells to be identified and characterised. (eurekaselect.com)
  • This alternative treatment attracted attention as it could selectively target cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Antineoplaston therapy aims to provide a more targeted and personalized approach to cancer treatment by selectively targeting cancer cells and minimizing harm to healthy cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When this apparatus is disrupted by factors such as infection, low-fiber diet, antibiotics, and alcohol, then it cannot function normally to selectively keep out the harmful intraluminal substances. (medscape.com)
MiRNAs1
  • The expressions of candidate miRNAs and mRNAs were determined by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) in MC3T3-E1 cells. (frontiersin.org)
Antigen presentation1
  • The impacts of proinflammatory cytokines and antigen presentation by pleural mesothelial cells (PMCs) on Th22-cell differentiation were explored. (atsjournals.org)
Epigenetic3
  • To overcome this limitation, recent advances in molecular biology have enabled genome-wide single-cell measurements of the transcriptome, genome or certain epigenetic marks that capture this cell-to-cell heterogeneity. (confex.com)
  • The metaphor of a potential epigenetic differentiation landscape broadly suggests that during differentiation a stem cell approaches a stable equili- brium state from a higher free energy towards a stable equilibrium state which represents the final cell type. (lu.se)
  • Using this type of direct conversion approach rather than making them from induced pluripotent stem cells, where they revert into a naïve state, helps to retain the epigenetic age of the patient in the generated interneurons. (lu.se)
Inhibits3
Inhibition1
  • Some studies involving laboratory animals have shown promising results, such as tumor regression, inhibition of cancer cell growth, and improved survival rates. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Immune cells3
  • According to the current view, damage-associated molecules released by infected or injured cells, or secreted by innate immune cells generate danger signals activating an immune response. (frontiersin.org)
  • Perturbing agents, such as toxic compounds ( 1 ), ionizing radiation ( 2 ), and some pathogens ( 3 ) can compromise the integrity of the immune system as they damage immune cells and/or irreversibly alter some immune functions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Macrophages are highly versatile immune cells which, among other roles, eliminate pathogens and damaged cells through phagocytosis. (biorxiv.org)
Stromal cells2
  • Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are the ideal source to study fat formation as they are the progenitors of adipocytes. (mdpi.com)
  • Hard tissue formation in a porous HA/TCP ceramic scaffold loaded with stromal cells derived from dental pulp and bone marrow. (scielo.br)
Tubular1
  • Mutations in these proteins may alter the function of renal cilia, which enable tubular cells to sense flow rates. (msdmanuals.com)
Peripheral4
  • Peripheral T cells from such mice showed decreased proliferative response to T cell mitogen as well as both T cell and antibody response to HIV-1 p17/p24/gp120 antigens. (aspetjournals.org)
  • iNKT cells constitutively express high levels of Nr4a1-encoded Nur77, a transcription factor that integrates signal strength downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR) within activated thymocytes and peripheral T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Interferon-alpha can either enhance or suppress differentiation by controlling responsiveness of human peripheral blood B cells to B-cell helper factors, depending on certain environment and context-specific conditions, as its signaling is likely mediated by other cell types. (wikipedia.org)
  • ImmunoCult™ Human Th1 Differentiation Supplement contains a combination of human cytokines and a blocking antibody formulated to promote the robust activation, expansion, and differentiation of peripheral blood-derived, naïve, CD4+ human T cells into Th1 cells. (stemcell.com)
Methods1
  • Project: Developing novel single-cell genomics methods to quantify cell-to-cell heterogeneity in cancers and stem cells. (confex.com)
Fate1
  • Differentiation factors control cell fate and can sometimes cause matured cells to change lineage. (wikipedia.org)
Viability1
  • BCPFs make cells, which are not necessarily activated, more responsive to BCGFs and help maintain cell viability, whereas BCGFs direct and stimulate growth and division. (wikipedia.org)
Neural1
Processes1
  • Moreover, we discuss the roles of mitochondrial inflammation during cell death and how these processes may potentially be harnessed therapeutically, for instance to improve cancer treatment. (nature.com)
Proinflammatory1
  • Our results suggest that the accumulation of Th22 cells in tuberculous pleural effusion may be due to the increased local proinflammatory cytokines and to pleural mesothelial cell-produced chemokines. (atsjournals.org)
Bone marrow2
  • iNKT cells in bone marrow chimeras that reconstituted thymic cellularity developed beyond stage 0 precursors and yielded IL-4-producing NKT2 cell subset but not IFN-γ-producing NKT1 cell subset. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Odontogenic capability: bone marrow stromal stem cells versus dental pulp stem cells. (scielo.br)
Tumor cell2
  • In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)
  • Cancer chemotherapy is based on an understanding of tumor cell growth and of how drugs affect this growth. (medscape.com)
Abnormal3
  • Abnormal differentiation of the respiratory epithelium is a feature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). (bmj.com)
  • Mucus cells lining abnormal airways from patients with IPF expressed MUC5B and SOX2 but lacked SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) and forkhead box A3(FOXA3). (bmj.com)
  • Abnormal BBB function several behavioural manifestations, such frequently occurs with brain damage. (who.int)
Upstream1
  • Runx2 belongs to the Run family and is an essential upstream transcription factor during osteoblast differentiation. (frontiersin.org)