Function of retinal retinal vessels. Medical search. Frequent questions

To evaluate verteporfin and same-day ranibizumab on retina, choroid, vasculature, choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) and visual function. (bmj.com)
The width of blood vessels in the retina, located at the back of the eye, may indicate brain health years before the onset of dementia and other deficits, according to a new study. (sciencedaily.com)
Shalev and colleagues used digital retinal imaging, a relatively new and noninvasive method, to gain a window onto vascular conditions in the brain by looking at the small blood vessels of the retina, located at the back of the eye. (sciencedaily.com)
The defective norrin disrupts chemical signaling in the developing eye, which interferes with the formation of blood vessels at the edges of the retina. (medlineplus.gov)
This disorder causes leakage of blood vessels in the retina and retinal detachment, a condition in which layers of the retina separate, resulting in vision loss. (medlineplus.gov)
Retinopathy of prematurity is a condition in which abnormal blood vessels appear in the retina and can cause retinal detachment. (medlineplus.gov)
Wet AMD is the rarer form of AMD, characterized by loss of vision due to abnormal blood vessel formation in and under the retina. (wboy.com)
We demonstrated histological evidence of persistent ectopic synapses, prolonged cellular apoptosis, and gliosis in the OIR retina that corresponded with long-term in vivo evidence of capillary attrition, inner retinal thinning, and dysfunction despite full peripheral revascularization. (molvis.org)
Diabetes may damage the small blood vessels in the retina, which is the back layer of the eye. (barraquer.com)
The retina serves a function which is in many ways analogous to that of the film or image sensor in a camera . (wikipedia.org)
therefore, the optic nerve must cross through the retina en route to the brain. (wikipedia.org)
The disease affects the tiny blood vessels in the eye by not allowing them to supply blood to all of the portions of the retina. (ferris.edu)
The result of defective blood vessels is to leak small amounts of blood and fluid within the retina causing it to not function properly and can eventually result in vision loss. (ferris.edu)
and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which lies between the sensory retina and the wall of the eye. (peacehealth.org)
The outer blood-retina barrier consists of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), separated by Bruch's membrane from the blood-vessel rich choriocapillaris. (neurosciencenews.com)
It shrinks abnormal blood vessels in the retina and also decreases retinal swelling. (manneye.com)
Laser surgery is used to seal a blood vessel that is leaking or to stimulate the cells under the retina to absorb the leaked fluid. (manneye.com)
By using a laser to make tiny burns in the peripheral retina, we reduce the signals for the growth of the abnormal blood vessels and cause these vessels to shrink. (manneye.com)
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited disorders of the retina that are characterized initially by the loss of rod photoreceptor function followed by cone photoreceptors. (molvis.org)
The mice had less oxidative stress and inflammation in the retina, restoration of the protective blood retinal barrier to help avoid leakage of tiny capillaries and the swelling and damage that would follow, and reduced progression of diabetic retinopathy, says Dr. Ruth B. Caldwell , cell biologist in the MCG Vascular Biology Center. (eurekalert.org)
X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is an inherited retinal disorder caused by mutations in the RS1 gene and characterized by a splitting of the neural retina which will eventually lead to decrease vision. (institut-vision.org)
Background: The internal limiting membrane represents the structural interface between the retina and the vitreous and has been postulated to serve several essential functions. (micromedinc.com)
The outer blood-retina barrier consists of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which is separated from the blood-vessel rich choriocapillaris by Bruch's membrane, which regulates the exchange of nutrients and waste between the choriocapillaris on one side and the RPE on the other. (scienceboard.net)
There is a reduction of inflammation, and also a reduction in the level of vascular amyloid beta 40, peptides that form plaques within blood vessel walls and disrupt the function of neurons in the retina and the brain. (cedars-sinai.org)
VLD vessel length density, PD perfusion density, superficial super ficial capillary plexus, deep deep capillary plexus, retina whole retina, FAZ foveal avascular zone, r Pearson 's correlation coefficient, P signi ficance, values in bold are statistically signi ficant. (medscape.org)
Further, this device might scrutinize most of the biological functions of the eye such as corneal clarity, assess light scattering in the vitreous cavity, measure IOP dynamically, and even image the retina in lieu of spectral-domain OCT. And why not incorporate a Brillouin spectrometer that could measure elasticity of the retinal vessels and, thus, offer not only valuable prognostic information about the eye but also about the entire cardiovascular system. (crstodayeurope.com)
The fundus retinal images are directly captured from human eye that includes some other landmarks like microcirculation system of the retina, macula, optic disc, fovea, microaneurysm, and exudates [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Wet AMD occurs when new abnormal blood vessels develop under the retina in a process called choroidal neovascularization (abnormal new vessel formation). (msdmanuals.com)
The retina functions in a manner similar to film in a camera. (medscape.com)
Retinal nerve fibers exit the eye through the optic nerve, located nasally and on the same plane as the anatomical center of the retina. (medscape.com)
The outermost layer of the retina, the retinal pigment epithelium, is tightly attached to the choroid. (medscape.com)
Assuming that the ocular media (cornea, anterior chamber, lens, and vitreous) are not cloudy, the living retina can be examined using a direct or indirect ophthalmoscope or a retinal lens at the slit lamp. (medscape.com)
In addition, the retina may be photographed using a retinal camera. (medscape.com)
The arterioles and venules of the retina are the only blood vessels whose wall can be directly examined in the living human without an incision. (medscape.com)
The retina, with the exception of the blood vessels coursing through it, is transparent to the examiner up to its outer layer, the retinal pigment epithelium. (medscape.com)
The examiner sees the neurosensory retina against the background orange color of the melanin containing retinal pigment epithelium and blood-filled choroidal layer of the eye. (medscape.com)
There is a potential space between the neurosensory retina and the retinal pigment epithelium. (medscape.com)
In a retinal detachment, this space fills with fluid and detaches the neurosensory retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. (medscape.com)

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous can cause vision loss through retinal detachment, cloudiness of the lens (cataract), or increased pressure inside the eye (glaucoma) that can damage the optic nerve. (medlineplus.gov)
In the most advanced cases, intraocular haemorrhages and/or retinal detachment require intraocular microsurgery techniques (vitrectomy), which we usually perform under local anaesthesia. (barraquer.com)
In select cases, a retinal detachment can be repaired in the office with a pneumatic retinopexy. (manneye.com)
XLRS may progress to retinal detachment in 5-22% of affected individuals, including infants with severe retinoschisis. (institut-vision.org)
It might mimic the size of the normal crystalline lens, thus reducing all the effects of space-changing after cataract surgery, such as posterior vitreous detachment and peripheral retinal disease. (crstodayeurope.com)
It is administered every 6 months as a depot delivered behind the eyeball using a blunt-tipped, curved cannula to decrease the risks of intraocular infection and retinal detachment . (medscape.com)
Localized macular edema or hemorrhage may elevate an area of the macula or cause a localized retinal pigment epithelial detachment. (msdmanuals.com)

To evaluate the correlation between macular retinal function and the changes in the macular retinal vascular structure in glaucomatous eyes. (arvojournals.org)
The second theory suggests that insufficient ocular blood supply, including retinal and choroidal circulation, leads to the development of glaucoma (vascular theory). (arvojournals.org)
Studies on glaucoma using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) have shown changes in the vascular structure of the optic nerve head, including optic disc vessel density (VD), 7 , 8 superficial peripapillary VD, 9 , 10 and peripapillary deep choroidal VD. (arvojournals.org)
On longitudinal analysis, retinal vascular indices at baseline did not predict changes in visual function. (entokey.com)
Variation in retinal vascular indices is associated with abnormal visual function in people with AIDS, manifested by visual field loss and possibly by reduced CS. (entokey.com)
Such a relationship with retinal vascular disease is thought to be the basis for the association between CS and death, supported by the fact that abnormal CS is also related to systemic diseases characterized by microvascular disease. (entokey.com)
The findings suggest that the processes linking vascular health and cognitive functioning begin much earlier than previously assumed, years before the onset of dementia and other age-related declines in brain functioning. (sciencedaily.com)
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of retinal vascular development primarily affecting premature infants exposed to high levels of supplemental oxygen. (molvis.org)
Retinal image assessment has been employed by the medical community for diagnosing vascular and non-vascular pathology. (jist.ir)
Vascular malformations - Blood vessels can sometimes develop abnormally early in life (e.g. arteriovenous malformations, cavernous malformations) or change when exposed to conditions that damage blood vessels such as hypertension and tobacco use (e.g. aneurysms). (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Additional peripheral changes may include pigmentation, which can resemble retinitis pigmentosa, sublinear retinal fibrosis, white retinal flecks and vascular attenuation or sheathing. (institut-vision.org)
And we've shown here that when we target one specific molecule of microglial cells in mice, we reduce this inflammation and vascular damage, which could provide better eye function for patients. (cedars-sinai.org)
Following the action of cytokines and growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), progenitors of bone marrow (BM) origin circulate in peripheral blood (PB) and might contribute to the formation Hycamtin novel inhibtior of blood vessels in damaged/ischemic tissue (7, 10, 46). (mingsheng88.org)
Moreover, its importance in blood vessel formation, vascular restoration, and functioning of PACs was indicated in different animal models, such as wire-induced carotid artery injury model, HLI, or retinal ischemia (13, 33C35, 47). (mingsheng88.org)
Typically, the onset of vascular dementia is more sudden such as after a stroke or damage to blood vessels in the brain. (baycare.org)
These extracted markers or characterized fundus digital image features provide insights and relates quantitative retinal vascular topography abnormalities to various pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, hypertensive retinopathy, transient ischemic attack, neovascular glaucoma, and cardiovascular diseases. (hindawi.com)
Some distinct changes in the retinal microvasculature are recognized as the preindicator of subsequent vascular incidents like ischemic stroke or acute stroke [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
The bacteria colonize blood vessels and rapidly cause vascular damage, despite a neutrophil-rich inflammatory infiltrate. (bvsalud.org)

Variations in vessel caliber are associated with increased mortality risk, which we attributed to the likelihood that morphologic changes of retinal arterioles and venules reflect life-threatening changes in cerebral and coronary vessels. (entokey.com)
Capillaries and sinusoids are short vessels that directly connect the arterioles and venules at opposite ends of the beds. (wikipedia.org)

Verteporfin/ranibizumab was associated with CNV occlusion, reduced oedema, improved visual function and retinal sensitivity. (bmj.com)
Small vessel occlusion - Weakening of the small arteries in the head, leading to collapse of the blood vessels. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Results: Internal limiting membrane peeling has been used to successfully treat a variety of retinal disorders including macular hole, epiretinal membrane, diabetic macular edema, retinal vein occlusion, and others. (micromedinc.com)
This develops Branch retinal venous occlusion (BRVO) or Branch artery occlusion. (mathaonline.com)
This occlusion may also happen in the central retinal artery. (mathaonline.com)
This specific condition is Central retinal artery occlusion. (mathaonline.com)
If it happens in the central retinal vein, it is central retinal venous occlusion (CRVO). (mathaonline.com)
Retinal artery occlusion causes catastroph- embolysis, and there are only 2 reports on ic, sudden visual loss. (who.int)
More than 90% of eyes with successful use of Reynard and Hanscom's central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) method [ 4 ], with some modifications, for have a sudden, painless decrease in visual the treatment of retinal artery occlusion. (who.int)

On day nine, the scientists seeded retinal pigment epithelial cells on the flip side of the scaffold. (neurosciencenews.com)
On day nine, they seeded retinal pigment epithelial cells on the reverse side of the scaffold. (scienceboard.net)

Based on relationships seen in the setting of other diseases, we hypothesize that narrower arterioles and dilated venules will be markers of worse visual function. (entokey.com)
Digital retinal imaging is a tool that is being used today mainly by eye doctors to study diseases of the eye," Shalev notes. (sciencedaily.com)
Ginseng ( Panax ginseng C. A. Mey) has a wide range of their therapeutic functions anti-stress, health promotion, maintaining and enhancing central and immune systems, preventing certain chronic diseases, as well as aging deterrent properties. (frontiersin.org)
The advance could provide an unending supply of tissue to study, and ultimately cure retinal diseases and age-related macular degeneration. (neurosciencenews.com)
The technique provides a theoretically unlimited supply of patient-derived tissue to study degenerative retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). (neurosciencenews.com)
Vision loss in retinal diseases is variable. (manneye.com)
Therefore, a precise clinical understanding of choroidal morphology should be important for understanding many retinal and choroidal diseases. (micromedinc.com)
The technique may provide a theoretically unlimited supply of patient-derived tissue to study retinal diseases, along with a physiologically relevant model for studying RPE-choriocapillaris interactions under healthy and diseased conditions. (scienceboard.net)
Precision genome editing agents can enable gene correction and disease rescue in inherited retinal diseases, according to University of California, Irvine. (scienceboard.net)
These microglia could potentially provide a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's-associated retinopathy, but also other retinal diseases, such as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration. (cedars-sinai.org)
Work on stem cells and how they might be used both in ocular surface reconstruction and in macular degeneration and other degenerative retinal and optic nerve diseases holds real promise. (crstodayeurope.com)
Retinal microvascular abnormalities like microaneurysm, arteriovenous nicking, haemorrhages, and vessel caliber are considered as associative to the stroke and indicative of death from stroke and IHD (Ischemic Heart Diseases) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
It does not include injuries secondary to pathologic function or diseases such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS. (bvsalud.org)

The paper [ 16 ] searched MEDLINE and EMBASE to find out the relation between microvascular changes of retinal microvasculature and prevalence or incident of stroke. (hindawi.com)

Semi-automated grading of fundus photographs (1 eye/participant) determined central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE), and arteriole-to-venule ratio (AVR) at baseline. (entokey.com)
8] L. Gang, O. Chutatape, and S. M. Krishnan, 'Detection and measurement of retinal vessels in fundus images using amplitude modified second-order Gaussian filter,' Biomedical Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 49, pp. 168-172, 2002. (jist.ir)
10] M. A. Amin and H. Yan, 'High speed detection of retinal blood vessels in fundus image using phase congruency,' Soft Computing, vol. 15, pp. 1217-1230, 2011. (jist.ir)
One of the most important subfields of biomedical engineering is the analysis of fundus retinal images. (hindawi.com)
Analysis of the human fundus eye images has become the key point for diagnosing the various pathologies of retinal vasculature. (hindawi.com)

We analysed central retinal arteriolar (CRAE) and venular (CRVE) diameter equivalents, as well as retinal endothelial function, measured by flicker light-induced maximal arteriolar (aFID) and venular (vFID) dilatation. (bvsalud.org)

As a result, masses of immature retinal cells accumulate in the back of the eyes. (medlineplus.gov)

Anti-VEGF treatment is commonly used for diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions and the wet form of macular degeneration. (manneye.com)

A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. (wikipedia.org)

Anti-VEGF treatments reduce leakage and fluid accumulation, thereby restoring normal retinal architecture and function, in many patients. (wboy.com)
Anti-VEGF drugs, used to treat AMD suppressed this vessel overgrowth and migration and restored tissue morphology. (neurosciencenews.com)

outer and inner retinal dysfunction were demonstrated with fERG. (molvis.org)
Some patients present an inner retinal reflex resembling a tapetal reflex. (institut-vision.org)

11 Moreover, other OCTA studies have shown changes in the superficial retinal VD in the macular area, where retinal ganglion cells are distributed. (arvojournals.org)
Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons, whose output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. (wikipedia.org)

To evaluate relationships between retinal vessel caliber and tests of visual function among people with AIDS. (entokey.com)
We have shown that variations in retinal vessel caliber among people with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are related to level of immunodeficiency (as manifested by CD4+ T lymphocyte count) and use of highly active antiretroviral drug therapy (HAART). (entokey.com)
An association between variations in retinal vessel caliber and visual function has not been shown directly, however. (entokey.com)
In this study, we investigated relationships between vessel caliber indices and various measures of visual function (best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA], VF, and CS) among participants in the Longitudinal Study of the Ocular Complications of AIDS (LSOCA). (entokey.com)
In addition, physicians can benefit from this technique as to objectively assess abnormal symptoms such as vessel tortuosity, vessel width, bifurcation angles, branching angles, and vessel caliber. (hindawi.com)
But the Cardiovascular Health Study stated that there is no association between retinal arteriolar caliber (diameter) and stroke but rather there is a close association between stroke and the larger venular caliber (diameter) [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

A decrease in N1-P1 amplitude was observed in glaucomatous eyes in relation to a reduction in macular vessel density in the deep retinal layer, which suggests that ischemia-induced bipolar cell dysfunction may be involved in the intermediate retinal dysfunction associated with glaucoma. (arvojournals.org)
Intermediate retinal dysfunction in glaucoma is related to the changes in deep retinal microvasculature. (arvojournals.org)
Relationships are consistent with the hypothesis that HIV-related retinal vasculopathy is a contributing factor to vision dysfunction among HIV-infected individuals. (entokey.com)
A stroke is a brain, spinal cord, or retinal injury related to dysfunction of the blood vessels supplying these parts of the central nervous system, resulting in permanent damage. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
It is characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vasospasm of vessels which can be observed by an ocular fundal examination. (bvsalud.org)

Having wider retinal venules was linked with lower IQ scores at age 38, even after the researchers accounted for various health, lifestyle, and environmental risk factors that might have played a role. (sciencedaily.com)
Individuals who had wider retinal venules showed evidence of general cognitive deficits, with lower scores on numerous measures of neurospsychological functioning, including verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and executive function. (sciencedaily.com)

Retinal microvasculopathy, which has been a common AIDS-related finding at autopsy, is thought to be a contributor to vision abnormalities among people with AIDS, including changes in visual field (VF), reduced CS, and altered color vision. (entokey.com)
Computer based analysis of blood vessels in retinal images will help ophthalmologists monitor larger populations for vessel abnormalities. (jist.ir)
These findings support the notion that abnormalities in vessel function exist in diabetic eyes before the development of structural changes. (micromedinc.com)
Perturbations in signalling and function (i.e., changes in proliferation, apoptosis, phenotypic switch and migration of SMC) are prominent in the pathogenesis of cerebral MVD, making 'cerebral angiomyopathy' an appropriate term to describe the spectrum of pathologic abnormalities. (bvsalud.org)

The small study found that endothelial function is abnormal in eye blood vessels of patients who have early-stage hypertension, but that treatment with an angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) drug improves endothelial function. (news-medical.net)

Conversely, they have shown that mice which express only half the usual amount of A1 have more abnormal blood vessel growth and retinal injury, they write. (eurekalert.org)

ICGA showed non-perfusion of small/medium choroidal vessels. (bmj.com)
Low oxygen induced wet AMD-like appearance, with hyperproliferation of choroidal vessels that migrated into the sub-RPE zone. (neurosciencenews.com)

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a condition of aberrant retinal vascularization in premature infants in response to high levels of oxygen used for critical care that can potentially cause blindness. (molvis.org)
The MCG scientists also have shown that A1 is naturally present in the immune cells and retinal cells of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy, a common model for the destructive blood vessel growth that occurs in retinopathy of prematurity. (eurekalert.org)

Background: A structurally and functionally normal choroidal vasculature is essential for retinal function. (micromedinc.com)

Blood vessels (retinal artery and vein) travel along with the optic nerve and enter and exit through the back of the eye. (peacehealth.org)

Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus which compromses the retina's function. (barraquer.com)
3] S. W. Franklin and S. E. Rajan, 'Diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by employing image processing technique to detect exudates in retinal images,' IET Image Processing, vol. 8, pp. 1-9, 2014. (jist.ir)
Purpose: To compare retinal blood flow velocity in small vessels of patients with early diabetes mellitus (DM), without any morphologic changes related to diabetic retinopathy, with that in a control group. (micromedinc.com)
Conclusion: There was an increase in arterial and venous retinal blood flow velocities of patients with early DM with no diabetic retinopathy. (micromedinc.com)
In diabetic eye disease, abnormal blood vessels develop that can break, bleed, and leak fluid. (mathaonline.com)
According to the study of [ 12 ] with a multiethnic cohort, retinal arteriolar narrowing and retinopathy of diabetic free people have an association with increased risk of acute stroke. (hindawi.com)

We recommend use of defined standardized operating procedures and cardiovascular risk stratification based on normative data to allow for clinical implementation of retinal vessel analysis in a personalized medicine approach. (bvsalud.org)

The resulting abnormal blood supply to this tissue leads to retinal damage and vision loss in some people with familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. (medlineplus.gov)
This area, termed the fovea centralis , is avascular (does not have blood vessels), and has minimal neural tissue in front of the photoreceptors, thereby minimizing light scattering. (wikipedia.org)
a rupture of a blood vessel supplying the brain, resulting in bleeding into the brain tissue. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
When we reduce the numbers of these Clec7a and Galactin-3 microglia, it is like we calm down the fire in the retinal tissue," Koronyo-Hamaoui said. (cedars-sinai.org)
There is no retinal tissue overlying the optic nerve head. (medscape.com)

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis - Clot formation in the blood vessels draining blood away from the head. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)

Various diagnostic techniques are used to analyze retinal microvasculature image to enable geometric features measurements such as vessel tortuosity, branching angles, branching coefficient, vessel diameter, and fractal dimension. (hindawi.com)

In AMD, lipoprotein deposits called drusen form outside Bruch's membrane, impeding its function. (neurosciencenews.com)

The endothelium is the lining of vessel walls and plays a key role in the vessels' ability to relax and to constrict. (news-medical.net)
Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome - Abnormal, excess squeezing of the walls of blood vessels in the head. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Vasculitis - A condition triggering an immune system attack on the blood vessels, leading to swelling of the blood vessel walls. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Vessels crossing between the walls of the schisis may be unsupported and at risk of hemorrhage. (institut-vision.org)
Sometimes tiny bulges called microaneurysms may protrude from the vessel walls. (mathaonline.com)
Vessel walls become thickened most by deposits. (mathaonline.com)

When cells (neurons) or nerve fibers (axons) are injured, specific functions of the nervous system are impaired or lost: the ability to speak or comprehend others, the ability to move the face or limbs, the ability to see throughout one's vision, and more. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)

The first theory suggests that high intraocular pressure causes mechanical damage to the retinal nerve fiber layer at the level of the lamina cribrosa, leading to the development of glaucoma (mechanical theory). (arvojournals.org)
Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) were measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, while VD was assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography. (springer.com)

Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation. (wikipedia.org)
These blood vessels tend to leak, and the fluid interferes with the normal retinal structure and function, leading to vision loss. (wboy.com)

This study investigated long-term outcomes of hyperoxia on retinal morphology and function using a mouse model of oxygen-induced ischemic retinopathy (OIR). (molvis.org)
Ischemic stroke (the majority of strokes): a blockage of a blood vessel supplying a specific portion of the brain, resulting in loss of oxygen and nutrient delivery to that area. (tuftsmedicalcenter.org)
Rotterdam cohort study also came into a decision after a long-term observation that the retinal venular diameter is associated with any stroke or ischemic stroke [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

More than 50% of patients have some peripheral retinoschisis (mostly in the inferotemporal region) that can vary from shallow schisis to marked elevation in the inner leaflet over a large retinal area. (institut-vision.org)

Abstract Dynamic constrained optimization is a challenging research topic in which the objective function and/or constraints change over time. (techscience.com)

Yarmohammadi A, Zangwill LM, Diniz-Filho A et al (2017) Peripapillary and macular vessel density in patients with glaucoma and single-hemifield visual field defect. (springer.com)
Hou H, Moghimi S, Zangwill LM et al (2019) Macula vessel density and thickness in early primary open-angle glaucoma. (springer.com)

Wang X, Jiang C, Kong X, Yu X, Sun X, Oho AUID (2017) Peripapillary retinal vessel density in eyes with acute primary angle closure: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. (springer.com)

Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. (wikipedia.org)
In the renal glomerulus there are cells with no diaphragms, called podocyte foot processes or pedicels, which have slit pores with a function analogous to the diaphragm of the capillaries. (wikipedia.org)

11] F. Zana and J.-C. Klein, 'Segmentation of vessel-like patterns using mathematical morphology and curvature evaluation,' Image Processing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 10, pp. 1010-1019, 2001. (jist.ir)

NDP gene mutations that cause this condition affect the ability of the norrin protein to bind with frizzled-4, interfering with the specialization of retinal cells for their unique sensory function. (medlineplus.gov)
Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) is another retinal disorder that may be caused by NDP gene mutations. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition, NDP gene mutations may influence the course of a retinal disorder that affects some premature infants. (medlineplus.gov)
NRL mutations predominantly cause dominant retinal disease, but there have been five published reports of mutations causing recessive disease. (molvis.org)

We were surprised to find that these disease-associated microglia were clustered around blood vessels," Koronyo-Hamaoui said. (cedars-sinai.org)
Reducing the number of disease-associated microglia restored the blood-retinal barrier, a protective function that regulates the movement of molecules and cells between the blood and the central nervous system. (cedars-sinai.org)

Disruption of norrin's role in the establishment of blood vessels supplying the eye eventually causes some of the tissues to break down. (medlineplus.gov)
Erosion of the tumor into blood vessels in adjacent tissues, or areas of necrosis within the tumor, can lead to hyphema or vitreous hemorrhage. (medscape.com)

This paper will also review recent research on the image processing-based extraction techniques of the quantitative retinal microvascular feature. (hindawi.com)

Multiple linear regression models, using forward selection, sought independent relationships between indices and visual function variables. (entokey.com)
Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether changes in indices predict change in visual function. (entokey.com)

Moghimi S, SafiZadeh M, Fard MA et al (2019) Changes in optic nerve head vessel density after acute primary angle closure episode. (springer.com)
The neuroretina is tightly attached to the underlying retinal pigment only at the margins of the optic nerve and at the ora serrata. (medscape.com)
In addition, a novel retinal lesion in Ebola survivors that appears to follow ganglion cell axons as they exit the optic nerve has been described ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)

If the melanoma does not show extraocular extension, it only can disseminate hematogenously, because the eye has no lymphatic vessels. (medscape.com)

However, for those people with a memory disorder, forgetfulness occurs frequently and affects their work and ability to function on a daily basis. (baycare.org)

The retinal distance circumferentially passing posteriorly from a point on the ora serrata to a point on the ora serrata 180 degrees away is approximately 50 mm. (medscape.com)

Visual function was evaluated with best-corrected visual acuity, Goldmann perimetry, automated perimetry (Humphrey Field Analyzer), and contrast sensitivity (CS) testing. (entokey.com)
Cones function in well-lit conditions and are responsible for the perception of colour through the use of a range of opsins , as well as high-acuity vision used for tasks such as reading. (wikipedia.org)
Results: This showed that the retinal changes observed in the preeclamptic women were associated with their age (P = 0.009), gestational age (P = 0.044), blood pressure (P = 0.001), Proteinuria (P = 0.001), Severity of the disease (P = 0.001), visual acuity (P = 0.035) as well as with the visual symptoms (P = 0.001) but not statistically significant with the gravida (P = 0.799). (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy28

Organisms2

Diseases25

Chemicals and Drugs8

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science1

Named Groups1

Health Care1

Geographicals1

Retina38

Detachment7

Vascular18

Arterioles and venules2

Occlusion9

Seeded retinal pigment epithelial2

Diseases13

Changes of retinal1

Fundus5

Central retinal1

Immature retinal1

Macular degeneration1

Capillary1

Anti-VEGF2

Inner retinal2

Ganglion cells2

Caliber6

Dysfunction5

Venules2

Abnormalities4

Endothelial function1

Abnormal blood vessel1

Choroidal vessels2

Retinopathy of prematur2

Vasculature1

Vein1

Diabetic6

Clinical1

Tissue5

Venous1

Microvasculature1

Drusen1

Walls6

Neurons1

Nerve fiber2

Fluid2

Ischemic3

Peripheral1

Abstract1

Glaucoma2

Peripapillary1

Capillaries2

Morphology1

Mutations4

Microglia2

Tissues2

Microvascular1

Indices2

Optic nerve3

Lymphatic1

Disorder1

Serrata1

Acuity3