• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is thought to result from an accelerated decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) over time. (nih.gov)
  • Apparent increased female susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suggests sex hormones modulate disease pathogenesis. (populationmedicine.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) is a disease associated with ageing. (bvsalud.org)
  • This research aimed to analyse the relationship between PhenoAgeAccel and lung function and COPD . (bvsalud.org)
  • Linear and logistic regression were used to investigate the relationship between PhenoAgeAccel, lung function and COPD . (bvsalud.org)
  • Our study found that accelerated ageing is associated with the development of COPD and impaired lung function. (bvsalud.org)
  • OBJECTIVE: Genetic variations are most likely an additional risk factor besides tobacco smoking per se for the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (ku.dk)
  • In this study, we compared genetic variants influencing the effect of smoking on COPD, that is, the effect of the well-known splicing defect polymorphism, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746), identified before genome-wide association studies, with the genome-wide association studies identified CHRNA3 (rs1051730) polymorphism on the risk of decreased lung function and COPD. (ku.dk)
  • Endpoints were lung function and COPD. (ku.dk)
  • CONCLUSION: The CHRNA3 genotype is associated with decreased lung function and risk of COPD among ever-smokers, whereas this was not the case for CYP3A5*3. (ku.dk)
  • Background: It has been hypothesized that a disturbed early lung development underlies the susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Little is known about whether subjects genetically predisposed to COPD show their first symptoms or reduced lung function in childhood. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Objective: We investigated whether replicated genes for COPD associate with transient early wheeze (TEW) and lung function levels in 6-to 8-year-old children and whether cigarette smoke exposure in utero and after birth (environmental tobacco smoke [ETS]) modifies these effects. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Conclusion: Our findings indicate relevant involvement of at least 3 COPD genes in lung development and lung growth by demonstrating associations pointing toward reduced airway caliber in early childhood. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Furthermore, our results suggest that COPD genes are involved in the infant's lung response to smoke exposure in utero and in early life. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • Many people with chronic bronchitis also have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (wikipedia.org)
  • When chronic bronchitis occurs together with decreased airflow it is known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (wikipedia.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects 400 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of death. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Unfortunately, there has been little improvement in outcomes for patients with COPD over the last two decades, in part because we currently lack the ability to diagnosis the condition early, before irreversible damage has occurred in the lungs. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Across several patient groups, including those with asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis, this is showing promise as a highly-sensitive marker of early lung disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our aim is to develop a test for early COPD, which will allow therapeutic intervention prior to the development of irreversible lung disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Lung-function impairment underlies chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and predicts mortality. (scilifelab.se)
  • These findings bring us closer to understanding the mechanisms underlying lung function and COPD, and should inform functional genomics experiments and potentially future COPD therapies. (scilifelab.se)
  • Objective To investigate the association between the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010)-a measure of diet quality-and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (bmj.com)
  • 1 In the 2010 Global Burden of Disease report, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was the third most common cause of death worldwide. (bmj.com)
  • Diet is one of such factor, but prospective data on the association between diet and the risk of COPD remain scarce, 3 compared with the extensive literature on cardiovascular diseases or cancer. (bmj.com)
  • I co-ordinate the Respiratory Medicine short course given to medical students in their 3rd year which provides a comprehensive overview of both clinical a research topics of relevance to asthma, COPD, lung cancer, IPF and infection. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • COPD is a composite term encompassing several diseases including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Asthma and COPD are complex diseases involving both genetic and environmental factors resulting in disease expression. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • There have been significant advances in the genetic epidemiology of lung function, but the causal genetic variants and causal genes, and the mechanisms by which they influence lung function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other respiratory diseases remain incompletely understood. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • these disorders include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is the most common cause of for pulmonale. (medscape.com)
  • Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two prevalent chronic airway diseases that have a high personal and social impact. (ersjournals.com)
  • In this Perspective, we propose a precision medicine strategy for chronic airway diseases in general, and asthma and COPD in particular. (ersjournals.com)
  • The efficacy, safety and positioning of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is much debated. (ersjournals.com)
  • its serum levels are increased in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) seem to have several symptoms in common that impact health. (dovepress.com)
  • Comparisons of symptoms, impact of symptoms on function and health between patients with COPD and CHF in primary health care (PHC). (dovepress.com)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) are predominant chronic diseases in older people that are expected to increase during the following years. (dovepress.com)
  • 1 , 2 In 2020, COPD is expected to be ranked as the third disease in terms of mortality, 1 and patients with CHF will increase as the population ages. (dovepress.com)
  • Patients with COPD or CHF have - on average - nine symptoms or more 9 - 11 that result from the primary disease, the treatment, comorbidity, or other causes. (dovepress.com)
  • It is estimated about 16 million adults in the United States have COPD , and it is the sixth leading cause of death in the U.S. according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). (medicinenet.com)
  • Infectious diseases that destroy lung tissue in patients with hyperactive airways or asthma also may contribute to COPD. (medicinenet.com)
  • There is a genetic factor called alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency that places a small percentage (less than 1%) of people at higher risk for COPD (and emphysema) because of a protective factor (alpha-1 antitrypsin protein) for lung tissue elasticity is decreased or absent. (medicinenet.com)
  • What other diseases or conditions contribute to COPD? (medicinenet.com)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of disability and death world-wide, where chronic inflammation accelerates lung function decline. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pathological inflammation is worsened by chronic bacterial lung infections and susceptibility to recurrent acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), typically caused by viral and/or bacterial respiratory pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Despite ongoing efforts to reduce AECOPD rates with inhaled corticosteroids, COPD patients remain at heightened risk of developing serious lung infections/AECOPD, frequently leading to hospitalization and infection-dependent delirium. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an umbrella term encompassing multiple lung pathologies (including emphysema, chronic bronchitis and bronchiolitis) that manifest into persistent and poorly reversible airflow limitation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Neutrophilic inflammation is particularly prominent in COPD where neutrophils degranulate with increasing severity of COPD, resulting in uncontrolled release of proteolytic enzymes (neutrophil elastase and matrix metalloproteinase 9-MMP9) that further damage the lungs ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • An important paradox in COPD is that despite the accumulation of leukocytes in the airways with increasing disease severity, there is still a major failure to adequately control and eradicate respiratory pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
  • Another major consequence of susceptibility to infection is that people with underlying severe disease frequently develop acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). (frontiersin.org)
  • COPD is a disease with a prevalence of 10% and is increasing with age. (ki.se)
  • In a cohort of 40 COPD-patients, 40 smokers with normal lung function and 40 neversmokers (Karolinska COSMIC study) we have made significant attempts, by performing bronchoscopy, to characterize inflammation and structural changes in various levels in the airways as well as in the systemic circulation. (ki.se)
  • Impaired cilia function has been linked with lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. (newswise.com)
  • The clinical presentation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is highly heterogeneous. (archbronconeumol.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a public health problem due to its high prevalence (11% in the adult population in Spain), increasing incidence, and great social and economic impact. (archbronconeumol.org)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. (aidsmap.com)
  • It helps detect pulmonary obstruction, caused by conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (commonly termed COPD) or asthma. (aidsmap.com)
  • The most common obstructive lung diseases are asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. (cdc.gov)
  • Specifically, we explore the role of primary immunodeficiency in certain difficult-to-treat chronic lung diseases, such as COPD , emphysema and asthma. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) and environmental causes of lung disease, including allergens and particulate matter. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • We have also conducted research on the prevalence of confirmatory tests in patients hospitalized with congestive heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • studies primarily deal with allergic inflammation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) and asthma, specifically immunologic responses to asthma. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ), and the role of environmental exposures in lung diseases. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • aspects of pulmonary diseases, with a focus on asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ). (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • We have explored how environmental exposures, nutrition and diet, comorbidity and other factors influence the outcomes of diseases such as asthma and COPD . (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Our core studies examine the structure-function relationship of pulmonary airways and vessels as well as their role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) and reactive airway disease. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Background: Welders are exposed to gas and particle emissions that can cause severe lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. (lu.se)
  • Increasing age, exertional breathlessness, prior diagnosis of asthma, BMI, and clinically diagnosed COPD and asthma were independently associated with obstructed lung function. (who.int)
  • Here we train a deep convolutional neural network on noisy self-reported and International Classification of Diseases labels to predict COPD case-control status from high-dimensional raw spirograms and use the model's predictions as a liability score. (cdc.gov)
  • COPD is defined as a disease state that is characterized by in frequency because of the control of exposure, obstructive the presence of airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. (cdc.gov)
  • COPD can result from chronic bronchitis obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is difficult. (cdc.gov)
  • Nonetheless, because flow limitation may occur with occupational exposure to organic asthma and COPD are common diseases in the general popula- dusts such as cotton (byssinosis), flax, hemp, jute, sisal, and various tion, even a small increase in the percentage of prevalence due grains. (cdc.gov)
  • Our main outcome measures were low lung function (a condition determined to be present if the forced expiratory volume in 1 second-forced vital capacity ratio was less than 0.7 and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second was less than 80% of the predicted value), a physician diagnosis of OLD (chronic bronchitis, asthma, or emphysema), and respiratory symptoms. (nih.gov)
  • We hypothesized that multiparity is associated with lung function and measures of emphysema and airway disease. (populationmedicine.org)
  • 1) chronic bronchitis , 2) emphysema, and 3) infectious diseases of the lung. (medicinenet.com)
  • Chronic bronchitis and emphysema are thought to be variations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and are considered part of the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by many researchers. (medicinenet.com)
  • Emphysema is an abnormal and permanent enlargement of the air spaces (alveoli) located at the end of the terminal bronchioles in the lungs. (medicinenet.com)
  • Emphysema is a long-term, progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • In people with emphysema, the tissues necessary to support the physical shape and function of the lungs are destroyed. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Subsequent computed tomography confirmed bilateral paraseptal emphysema and numerous nonspecific lesions, ≈5 mm in diameter, in the S2 segment of the right lung and solitary nodules in the S8/9 segment of the left lung. (cdc.gov)
  • Ever since the first Surgeon General's report on smoking in deadly for women: cancer, emphysema, heart disease, and 1964, Americans have learned about the dangerous effects of stroke. (cdc.gov)
  • There are obvious gender differences both in the epidemiology and in the clinical presentation of the disease. (ki.se)
  • Archivos de Bronconeumologia is a scientific journal that preferentially publishes prospective original research articles whose content is based upon results dealing with several aspects of respiratory diseases such as epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinics, surgery, and basic investigation. (archbronconeumol.org)
  • The Gregory Diette Laboratory studies the epidemiology of lung diseases. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Epidemiology, and the findings should be factored into clinical decision making and program design for disease prevention, screening, and treatment. (who.int)
  • A spirometry test measures how much air you breathe out and how fast you can blow air out of your lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Spirometry is a test that evaluates how well your lungs work by measuring how much air you can inhale and exhale, and how quickly you exhale. (cdc.gov)
  • Data collection is continuing, but preliminary results are as follows: From January to October 2013, 154 firefighters (72% never-smokers) with normal pre-9/11 spirometry, who had BHR measurements within 2 years of 9/11/2001, underwent full lung function testing and repeat assessment of BHR. (cdc.gov)
  • and outcome measures: change in lung function measured by spirometry. (bmj.com)
  • Characterization of the patients is crucial and includes symptoms (questionnaires), lung function tests (spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion capacity, and impulse oscillometry), imaging (Chest X-ray and computer tomography), 6 minute walk test, echocardiography and blood chemistry. (ki.se)
  • Its main objective was to compare lung function among HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants, with the use of spirometry and single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, commonly termed DL CO in medical practice. (aidsmap.com)
  • Spirometry and DL CO are easy to perform and measure different aspects of lung function. (aidsmap.com)
  • Spirometry measures airflow into and out of your lungs with a spirometer, a device inserted in your mouth. (aidsmap.com)
  • DL CO is less often used than spirometry, although it may be a more sensitive test for identifying lung abnormalities. (aidsmap.com)
  • Lung measurements were performed with standard spirometry and new methods: airspace dimension assessment (AiDA), oscillometry, blood serum biomarkers (club cell. (lu.se)
  • Lung measurements were performed with standard spirometry and new methods: airspace dimension assessment (AiDA), oscillometry, blood serum biomarkers (club cell secretory protein 16, surfactant protein D, matrix metalloproteinases, fibroblast, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukins), and one urine biomarker (desmosine). (lu.se)
  • Results: According to spirometry measurements, all participants had normal lung function. (lu.se)
  • Conclusions: This study indicated the potential to use new and more sensitive methods for identification of changes in lungs when standard spirometry failed to do so. (lu.se)
  • Lung function was measured by spirometry. (who.int)
  • 4 ings highlight the critical need for spirometry services to identify lung abnormalities in patients with chronic res- piratory symptoms. (who.int)
  • ABSTRACT Pulmonary rehabilitation is a tool that is receiving more acceptance in chronic lung diseases. (who.int)
  • ABSTRACT It is important to establish lung function reference values for each population. (who.int)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a slowly progressive obstruction of airflow into or out of the lungs . (medicinenet.com)
  • This brought Dr Ken Kunisaki and colleagues to test the hypothesis that HIV-positive men would have worse measures of lung airflow than their HIV-negative counterparts. (aidsmap.com)
  • Asthma is the common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Lung obstruction is characterized by blocked airflow, shortness of breath, and difficulty exhaling. (cdc.gov)
  • 788 disease that is "characterized by variable airflow limitation and/ 2.5. (cdc.gov)
  • The airway diseases have emerged as the most prevalent category airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with of occupational respiratory disorder (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Through a collaborative interdisciplinary endeavor involving a Universities of Nottingham, Leicester and Cambridge we will accelerate discovery of genetic risk factors for lung function impairment, and define the mechanisms and biological pathways underpinning the observed associations. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • In addition, data from in vitro studies on lung cells were consistent with an anti-inflammatory function of adiponectin [ 11 , 12 ], and adiponectin-deficient mouse models develop lung function impairment and systemic inflammation [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Considering pulmonary changes, it was shown that in patients with chronic organ failure (heart, liver, kidneys) impairment of lung function was measurable. (hu-berlin.de)
  • This manifests mainly as changes in diffusion, followed by restrictive and obstructive ventilatory impairment. (hu-berlin.de)
  • This study analyzes the kind, prevalence and extent of lung impairment and the role of interstitial lung disease (ILD) revealed by computed tomography in transplanted patients. (hu-berlin.de)
  • These data reinforce the evidence that people living with HIV are more exposed to lung function impairment than HIV-negative individuals. (aidsmap.com)
  • A study was undertaken of people born around the time of the Dutch famine in 1944-5 to determine the effects of maternal malnutrition during specific periods of gestation on the prevalence of obstructive airways disease and atopy. (bmj.com)
  • The prevalence of obstructive airways disease was increased in people exposed to famine in mid gestation (odds ratio adjusted for sex 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 2.6) and tended to be higher in those exposed in early gestation (odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 0.9 to 2.6). (bmj.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS The observed increase in the prevalence of obstructive airways disease in people exposed to famine in mid and early gestation was not parallelled by effects on IgE concentrations or lung function. (bmj.com)
  • These diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and are a global health problem with increasing prevalence, leading to a substantial burden worldwide. (bmj.com)
  • However, prevalence of cough was significantly higher among welders compared with controls and lung changes were found in welders with the novel methods. (lu.se)
  • Side effects caused by different drugs affecting the lung tissue are observed increasingly in different patient populations, however incidence and prevalence are poorly understood. (lu.se)
  • It is to date unclear to what extent interstitial lung disease is involved. (hu-berlin.de)
  • A group of 51 patients diagnosed with interstitial lung diseases, bronchiectasis, asthma and scoliosis were studied. (who.int)
  • Mechanisms are not fully elucidated and several hundreds of various types of drugs are able to cause the type of toxicity and injury, called Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD). (lu.se)
  • BACKGROUND Associations have been found between a large head size at birth and atopy, and between low birth weight and obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • The link between exposure to famine in mid and early gestation and obstructive airways disease in adulthood suggests that fetal lungs can be permanently affected by nutritional challenges during periods of rapid growth. (bmj.com)
  • A number of studies have shown associations between head size of newborn babies and atopy, and between birth weight and obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • 4 Lower body weight at birth was shown to be associated with reduced forced expiratory volume and vital lung capacity, 5-7 with an increased risk for asthma, 8-13 as well as with increased death rates from chronic obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • It is therefore likely that increased concentrations of IgE and obstructive airways disease have origins in utero. (bmj.com)
  • Effects of regular salmeterol on lung function and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease. (bmj.com)
  • Persistent obstructive airways disease (an asthma-like condition) is common among World Trade Center exposed firefighters, though rare in this population before September 11, 2001. (cdc.gov)
  • In earlier work, we showed that World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed firefighters lost, on average, about 10% of their pre-9/11 pulmonary function, due almost entirely to the development of obstructive airways disease (OAD). (cdc.gov)
  • RESULTS Exposure to famine during gestation affected neither the concentrations of total or specific IgE nor lung function values. (bmj.com)
  • HHIP rs1828591 interacted with cigarette smoke exposure in utero in PIAMA and with ETS in ALSPAC, with lower lung function in nonexposed children. (maastrichtuniversity.nl)
  • RESULTS: Overall, working in settings with potentially high exposure to dusts or fumes was associated with respiratory symptoms but not lung function differences. (opinvisindi.is)
  • The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP) studies the causes and effects of respiratory diseases related to coal mine dust exposure and provides vital health information to coal miners through health screenings and surveillance. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to dust in coal mines can cause community and mine locations to provide health screenings several lung diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • Acute exposure to higher vapor concentrations maycause severepulmonaryedema and injuryto the alveolar walls of the lung and death. (cdc.gov)
  • Did bronchial reactivity influence the course of recovery or worsening function after WTC exposure? (cdc.gov)
  • Did corticosteroid treatment influence the course of recovery or worsening function after WTC exposure? (cdc.gov)
  • Post-exposure corticosteroid treatment ameliorated some of the excess lung function decline. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this systematic review was to reveal the impact of organic dust exposure on long-term change in lung function. (bmj.com)
  • Overall, 14 studies found some type of association between exposure to organic dust and long-term change in lung function. (bmj.com)
  • However, the results were inconsistent and no specific work exposure showed more clear associations to change in lung function. (bmj.com)
  • 12 studies revealed a significant exposure-response relation between organic dust and change in lung function. (bmj.com)
  • We therefore conclude that there is limited evidence of a causal association between general exposure to organic dust and long-term excess decline in lung function. (bmj.com)
  • It shows limited evidence of a causal association between exposure to organic dust and change in lung function, with a small significant excess decline in only forced expiratory volume in the 1st s of 4.92 mL/year (95% CI 0.14 to 9.69) among exposed compared with controls. (bmj.com)
  • The primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is cigarette smoking or exposure to tobacco smoke. (medicinenet.com)
  • Cumulative occupational exposure to inorganic dust and fumes and invasive pneumococcal disease with pneumonia. (ucsf.edu)
  • Approximately 90% of patients with OHS also have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). (medscape.com)
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) consists of multiple episodes of partial or complete closure of the upper airway that occur during sleep and lead to breathing cessation (defined as a period of. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. (opinvisindi.is)
  • CONCLUSION: At a population level, the occupational exposures considered in this study do not appear to be major determinants of differences in lung function, although they are associated with more respiratory symptoms. (opinvisindi.is)
  • An intervention for both groups of patients to optimize the management of symptoms and improve function is probably more relevant in PHC than focusing on separate diagnosis groups. (dovepress.com)
  • 6 Since these diagnoses are chronic, symptoms and function are central for the patients' health experiences. (dovepress.com)
  • Depressive symptoms in lung transplant recipients: trajectory and association with mortality and allograft dysfunction. (ucsf.edu)
  • Smoking tobacco increases respiratory symptoms, lung function loss, and the rate of lung function decline. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods: This study assessed the lung health and symptoms in active welders (n = 28) and controls (n = 17). (lu.se)
  • Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high burden of abnormal lung function in patients attending clinics due to chronic respiratory symptoms. (who.int)
  • In this national multicenter study we will identify factors associated with chronic airway obstruction in never-smokers and to determine the molecular mechanisms of this disease in order to find potential targets for intervention. (ki.se)
  • Approximately 15% of U.S. adults aged 40-79 have lung obstruction, with about one-third of those having moderate or worse obstruction. (cdc.gov)
  • The benefits of smoking cessation are numerous for all adults and especially for those with lung obstruction. (cdc.gov)
  • A new NCHS report presents national estimates of cigarette smoking among adults with measured lung obstruction for the period 2007-2012. (cdc.gov)
  • During 2007-2012, 46.2% of adults aged 40-79 with lung obstruction currently smoked cigarettes. (cdc.gov)
  • A similar percentage of men and women with lung obstruction, overall and at each level of severity, smoked cigarettes. (cdc.gov)
  • A greater percentage of adults aged 40-59 with lung obstruction, overall and at each level of severity, smoked cigarettes than those aged 60-79. (cdc.gov)
  • Cigarette smoking among adults with lung obstruction varied by race and Hispanic origin and by severity of obstruction. (cdc.gov)
  • The percentage of adults with lung obstruction, overall and at each level of severity, who smoked cigarettes declined with increasing education. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus at present the nature of the dose-response relation for heart disease versus cigarette consumption is unclear. (bmj.com)
  • In sum, the strategy of reducing cigarette consumption (rather than total cessation), while not directly harmful to health and possibly beneficial in reducing some smoking related diseases, may not be as beneficial in reducing all smoking related diseases as we might suppose. (bmj.com)
  • Thus we do not know whether someone who is addicted to a particular level of nicotine and reduces their cigarette consumption has the same disease rates as someone who is spontaneously smoking at that particular consumption level. (bmj.com)
  • The aim of this study was to investigate lung health in welders and evaluate new sensitive methods with potential to assess early onset pulmonary changes in occupational settings. (lu.se)
  • Inclusion in the update does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nor does it imply endorsement of the article's methods or findings. (cdc.gov)
  • We develop and implement magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods for evaluation and diagnosis of musculoskeletal disease. (lu.se)
  • Our new study suggests that these chemicals may be harming cilia--the first line of defense in the lungs--by altering gene expression related to cilia production and function," said Quan Lu, associate professor of environmental genetics and pathophysiology. (newswise.com)
  • The Li Gao Lab researches functional genomics, molecular genetics and epigenetics of complex ca ... rdiopulmonary and allergic diseases, with a focus on translational research applying fundamental genetic insight into the clinical setting. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Yet, the application of genetics research in the promotion of health and the prevention of disease and disability has been explored only minimally. (cdc.gov)
  • Excluding 2 subjects with restrictive disease, a multiple regression model with dependent variable 'subsequent' (2002-2013) change in FEV1%, showed significant (p=.03) negative contributions from initial FEV1% change and smoking, and a positive contribution from approximated steroid dose. (cdc.gov)
  • 5. Participants with pre-BD FEV1 of 40% to 80% (inclusive) of predicted normal (by Global Lung Function Initiative [GLI] standards) at Screening (Visit 1). (who.int)
  • It is a major chronic disease that is predicted to become the third leading cause of death world-wide by 2030 ( 1 ) and has a huge economic burden costing $50 billion annually in the USA alone ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 1 Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA. (nih.gov)
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)
  • The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. (cdc.gov)
  • Obstructive lung disease (OLD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the US adult population. (nih.gov)
  • Lung function is a predictor of morbidity and mortality, and the chronic nature of lung function decline allows for preventive initiatives. (bmj.com)
  • Although they are leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, chronic respiratory diseases have received relatively little public attention. (who.int)
  • Work-related variable air- obstructive airway diseases are complex. (cdc.gov)
  • Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses improve resolution of genes and pathways influencing lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk. (scilifelab.se)
  • We undertook phenome-wide association studies for selected associated variants as well as trait and pathway-specific genetic risk scores to infer possible consequences of intervening in pathways underlying lung function. (scilifelab.se)
  • Many precision cancer therapies function by inhibiting oncogenic signaling pathways. (nature.com)
  • To prioritise pathways we will undertake high-throughput functional genomic screens using CRISPR, perform lung digital spatial transcriptomic profiling and utilise informative cell and tissue models. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)
  • The metabolic component is spontaneous and receives chemical and neural stimuli from the chest wall and lung parenchyma and receives chemical stimuli from the blood levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen. (medscape.com)
  • The parasite is related to the pulmonary form of dirofilariasis, manifested by the formation of coin lesions or nodules in lung parenchyma in humans, an accidental parasite host ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Introduction: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are diseases of the airways and lung parenchyma. (who.int)
  • Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are diseases of such as age above 50years, being a smoker, being the respiratory airways and lung parenchyma. (who.int)
  • This study will re-examine a large number of firefighters who had bronchial reactivity soon after 9/11 to determine whether those with bronchial hyper-reactivity at onset have persistent hyperactivity more than ten years later, whether they have accelerated lung function decline, and whether those treated with anti-asthma medications were more likely to show resolution of bronchial hyperactivity and/or show less rapid decline in lung function. (cdc.gov)
  • Bronchial hyperreactivity-abnormal sensitivity to inhaled bronchoconstrictive agents, is a biomarker for susceptibility to asthma, and may predict rapid decline in lung function. (cdc.gov)
  • This is the first systematic review on the association between organic dust and decline in lung function. (bmj.com)
  • AECOPD are predominately caused by acquisition of a new respiratory pathogen ( 8 ), which accelerate pathological remodeling leading to a more rapid decline in lung function ( 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. (opinvisindi.is)
  • Occupational Exposures in Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease. (ucsf.edu)
  • Such organic dust-induced airway disease is often classified to occupational exposures would have major public health im- as an "asthma-like disorder" rather than as "true" asthma (3). (cdc.gov)
  • Pulmonary hypertension is often the common link between lung dysfunction and the heart in cor pulmonale. (medscape.com)
  • The pathophysiology of cor pulmonale is a result of increased right-sided filling pressures from pulmonary hypertension that is associated with diseases of the lung. (medscape.com)
  • Group 5: Pulmonary hypertension caused by other diseases or conditions, including sarcoidosis, polycythemia vera (which can lead to increased blood viscosity and, subsequently, pulmonary hypertension), vasculitis, and other disorders. (medscape.com)
  • Becoming disenthralled with our conventional understanding of occupational lung disease. (ucsf.edu)
  • Your airways are the parts of your body that carry air to your lungs, including your nose, throat, trachea (windpipe), and bronchial tubes that connect your windpipe to each lung. (medlineplus.gov)
  • This study assesses the post-9/11 courses of lung function as influenced by bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) a biomarker for susceptibility to asthma, and by corticosteroid treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • We found that steroid therapy was significantly associated with recovery of lung function and that bronchial reactivity, which tended to persist or slightly worsen over the decade since 9/11, was significantly associated with worsening lung function. (cdc.gov)
  • The patient, who had a long-term history of smoking, had been treated for bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease since 2012. (cdc.gov)
  • Pulmonary function tests have been Study design and sampling criteria were bronchial asthma, chest widely used as an objective measure This cross-sectional study was cage deformities, previous chest inju- to diagnose and follow up the course conducted among normal healthy ries and/or chest operation, cardiac of therapy in lung diseases. (who.int)
  • They likely represent a continuum of different diseases that may share biological mechanisms ( i.e. endotypes), and present similar clinical, functional, imaging and/or biological features that can be observed ( i.e. phenotypes) which require individualised treatment. (ersjournals.com)
  • Both are ideally suited for precision medicine because they likely represent a continuum of different diseases that may share biological mechanisms (often referred to as "endotypes") and present similar clinical features (often referred to as "phenotypes") that require "individualised" treatment [ 1 , 10 - 12 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Clinical studies have shown that blocking the PD-1 pathway is effective against several types of cancer including melanoma, lymphoma, lung, and renal cancer ( Sanmamed and Chen, 2018 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • She has led multiple collaborative groups with the goal of characterizing and treating disease, and has been successful in developing research-based clinical trial studies that positively impact patient care. (cityofhope.org)
  • Westat's clinical research solutions help clients efficiently bring important treatments and therapeutics to market to tackle chronic health conditions and emerging infectious diseases. (westat.com)
  • Westat optimizes clients' clinical trials and observational and disease surveillance studies to rapidly generate the intelligence needed to safeguard and improve the nation's health. (westat.com)
  • These include the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) based on primary care records, Hospital Episode Statistics, administrative data, drug and disease registries, and numerous international data sources. (lshtm.ac.uk)
  • Classification of lung function revealed 23 (15%) normal, 29 (19%) obstructive, 36(23.5%) restrictive and 61(39.9%) mixed obstructive/ restrictive patterns. (who.int)
  • Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified the chromosome 15q25.1 locus as a leading susceptibility region for lung cancer. (uib.no)
  • Patients with neuromuscular disorders have rapid, shallow breathing secondary to severe muscle weakness or abnormal motor neuron function. (medscape.com)
  • We are interested in exploring inflammatory mechanisms in the lung and systemically in common respiratory disorders. (ki.se)
  • For example, when DL CO is below 75% of the predicted value, it indicates a problem that may impair exercise and affect long-term survival from lung diseases and disorders. (aidsmap.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of single and chronic dosing with salmeterol on exercise capacity and lung function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (bmj.com)
  • This was not associated with improvements in static lung volumes or exercise capacity, but there was some symptomatic benefit in that patients were able to walk the same distance in six minutes with less perceived exertion. (bmj.com)
  • The phrase "central alveolar hypoventilation" is used to describe patients with alveolar hypoventilation secondary to an underlying neurologic disease. (medscape.com)
  • although, since they investigated the potential effects of ICS on lung function decline, they were not enriched with patients at increased risk of ECOPD [ 1 , 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Patients with CF show a severe decline of pulmonary function related to chronic airway inflammation [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Respiratory muscle training, physiotherapy, and moderate physical activity have been shown to improve respiratory function in patients with CF [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • By finding the gene expression profiles for each of these features, her team is able to identify those profiles that "match" disease to biology to drug and more effectively treat patients. (cityofhope.org)
  • Une étude rétrospective a été menée à Riyad (Arabie saoudite) pour connaître l'impact de la rééducation pulmonaire d'une part sur les paramètres respiratoires d'un groupe de patients en consultation externe pour des affections pulmonaires chroniques autres que la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO) et d'autre part sur leur utilisation des soins de santé. (who.int)
  • This study aimed to characterize the common chronic respiratory diseases, along with their lung function and possible determinants in symptomatic patients attending clinics at Bishoftu General Hospital, Ethiopia. (who.int)
  • In the largest multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of lung function to date, comprising 580,869 participants, we identified 1,020 independent association signals implicating 559 genes supported by ≥2 criteria from a systematic variant-to-gene mapping framework. (scilifelab.se)
  • Genetic fine-mapping and CRISPRi screens identify functional variants and their target genes associated with Alzheimer's disease in microglia. (nature.com)
  • A comprehensive evaluation of potential lung function associated genes in the spirometa general population sample. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • At the cellular and whole organ level, degenerative changes that are a hallmark of natural aging (shorter telomeres, increased expression of cellular senescence markers, increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, accompanied by diminished elasticity) reach pathological levels in aging humans in the form of chronic respiratory disease. (karger.com)
  • One form of prevention is to avoid smoking and other lung irritants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Change in lung function over time is therefore of interest, and because of the slow evolution and chronic nature of lung function decline it presents opportunities for prevention. (bmj.com)
  • These young geon General David Satcher and the Centers for Disease Con- women must know that once they start, it will be difficult to trol and Prevention (CDC) in producing this report of the stop--and that the health risks are very real and costly. (cdc.gov)
  • The definition of several chronic pulmonary diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, includes reference to lung function, and they are associated with accelerated lung function decline. (bmj.com)
  • Unlike the pneumoconi- an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious oses, recognition of work-relatedness for asthma and chronic particles or gases (5). (cdc.gov)
  • Obstructive lung disease (age-adjusted to study population) was currently reported among 12.5% (0.7%) of current smokers, 9.4% (0.6%) of former smokers, 3.1% (1.1%) of pipe or cigar smokers, and 5.8% (0.4%) of never smokers. (nih.gov)
  • Relationship between an ageing measure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung function: a cross-sectional study of NHANES, 2007-2010. (bvsalud.org)
  • Consensus statements on deployment-related respiratory disease, inclusive of constrictive bronchiolitis: A modified Delphi study. (ucsf.edu)
  • Dose-response data on chronic obstructive lung disease are found in the British Physician Study. (bmj.com)
  • 1 This very large study showed clearly that mortality from chronic lung disease increased as a function of smoking more cigarettes. (bmj.com)
  • Lung cancer data, such as those from a study published by Rosengren, showed a clear dose related increase in lung cancer with a greater number of cigarettes smoked per day. (bmj.com)
  • In the Wilhelmsen study, there was a relatively flat dose-response for cigarettes per day versus heart disease mortality or odds ratio for heart disease. (bmj.com)
  • Newswise - Boston, MA - Two chemicals widely used to flavor electronic cigarettes may be impairing the function of cilia in the human airway, according to a new study led by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. (newswise.com)
  • A retrospective study was made in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, on the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on respiratory parameters and health care utilization in a group of outpatients with chronic lung diseases other than chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (who.int)
  • It is important to establish lung the study. (who.int)
  • Infectious diseases of the lung may damage areas of the lung tissue and contribute to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (medicinenet.com)
  • Despite the uptick in rates of discovery for diseases, such as rare and infectious diseases, there has been no corresponding uptick in drug discovery to treat them. (cityofhope.org)
  • In the development and progression of lung cancer, a pathogenic role of adiponectin was defined by both in vivo and in vitro studies [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The science of tobacco and health, including disease causation. (who.int)
  • It is estimated that 90% of the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is related to smoking tobacco and secondhand smoke (tobacco smoke exhaled by a smoker and then breathed in by a non-smoker). (medicinenet.com)
  • People who smoke tobacco are at the highest risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (medicinenet.com)
  • It is an mental tobacco smoke has a causal link to cancer and heart irrefutable fact that smoking cigarettes and using other to- disease. (cdc.gov)
  • Molecular, genetic and cellular mechanisms underlying Asthma & Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • This will inform in-depth mechanistic assays at the cell, tissue and organ scales to identify the key mechanisms underpinning regulation of lung function in health and disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • The mechanisms of lung damage from organic dust may work partly through one of its constituents, endotoxin. (bmj.com)
  • His work currently focuses on mechanisms regulating repair of lung injury. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Without mechanisms in place to rapidly identify compounds likely to be safe and effective for treating these novel diseases, health care systems risk suboptimal patient care. (cityofhope.org)
  • g-term goal of understanding the structural changes in the lungs that lead to the pathophysiology of lung disease. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The Association of Multiparity with Lung Function and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Related Phenotypes. (populationmedicine.org)
  • Most relevant associations of blood metabolites with the most accepted phenotypes described for the disease. (archbronconeumol.org)
  • First, these are multifactorial diseases that characterized by destruction of alveolar walls. (cdc.gov)