TestesHead of the epididymisDeferensEpithelial cellsAppendix of the epiSeminal vesiclesCovering the testisTestis and epididymisTissueCauda epididymisMouse epididymisMaturationFertilityTesticleInflammationPseudostratified epitheliumLuminalTunicaCaputMotilitySubsetMiceSpermatozoaPosteriorSeminiferousAdultBiochemicalInvolved in the regulationInfectionMildTransgenicMammalsSexual functionSperm functionReproductive functionReceivesSurvivalGene expressionSignificantlyTailTesticular functionDevelopsPresenceCorpusEpididymalStructureScrotal
Testes11
- The epididymis is a long, coiled tube that stores sperm and transports it from the testes. (healthline.com)
- Although it bears some superficial resemblance to the testes, the epididymis differs in that it is smaller, and the tubes are larger and less densely packed. (healthline.com)
- PL: epididymides /ɛpɪdɪˈdɪmədiːz/ or /ɛpɪˈdɪdəmɪdiːz/) is an elongated tubular structure attached to the posterior side of each one of the two male reproductive glands, the testes. (wikipedia.org)
- Growth hormone and most of the other hormones: For controlling metabolic functions of the testes, GH specifically promotes early division of the spermatogonia, In its absence, spermatogenesis is severely deficient or entirely absent. (online-sciences.com)
- Testicular dynamics parameters recorded in both testes and caudae epididymides were found to be increased only in Orchis anatolica treated mice. (degruyter.com)
- During ejaculation, semen travels from the testes through the epididymis , a long, twisted tube on both sides of the testes. (healthline.com)
- All rats were euthanized, testes were dissected out and spermatozoa were collected from the epididymis for analysis. (ajol.info)
- An image depicting the testes and epididymis can be seen below. (medscape.com)
- The tunica vaginalis testis (a remnant of the processus vaginalis) envelopes the testis in a double layer, except at the superior and posterior borders where the spermatic cord and epididymis adhere to the testes. (medscape.com)
- Testes and caudal epididymides were removed for histological and spermatogonia evaluation and Cd concentrations in the kidney and liver were determined. (cdc.gov)
- Overview of Urinary Tract Symptoms Kidney and urinary tract disorders can involve one or both kidneys, one or both ureters, the bladder, or the urethra, and in men, the prostate, one or both testes, or the epididymis. (msdmanuals.com)
Head of the epididymis4
- Near the top of the testis is the head of the epididymis, which stores sperm until it is ready to undergo maturation. (healthline.com)
- The head of the epididymis receives spermatozoa via the efferent ducts of the mediastinium of the testis at the superior pole of the testis. (wikipedia.org)
- The head of the epididymis receives spermatozoa via the efferent ducts of the mediastinium of the testis . (iiab.me)
- In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis and which receives the various efferent ducts. (iiab.me)
Deferens6
- The epididymis serves as an interconnection between the multiple efferent ducts at the rear of a testicle (proximally), and the vas deferens (distally). (wikipedia.org)
- epididymides / ɛ p ɪ d ɪ ˈ d ɪ m ə d iː z / or / ɛ p ɪ ˈ d ɪ d ə m ɪ d iː z / ) is a tube that connects a testicle to a vas deferens in the male reproductive system . (iiab.me)
- Accordingly, Müllerian ducts form the uterus and fallopian tubes in females and Wolffian ducts form the epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory duct in males. (benthamscience.com)
- The visceral layer of the tunica vaginalis testis is closely applied to the testis, epididymis, and ductus deferens. (medscape.com)
- The epididymis connects efferent ductules to the vas deferens and functions in sperm transport, maturation, protection and storage. (fapesp.br)
- Neural stimulation induces contraction and forces sperm from the epididymis into the vas deferens. (histologyguide.com)
Epithelial cells4
- None of the exposures resulted in detectable levels of germinal epithelial cells in the ductus epididymis. (epa.gov)
- The epithelial cells of proximal tubules perform the functions of both copper uptake from the primary urine and release to the blood. (researchgate.net)
- The maturational events are made possible by the particular luminal microenvironment created by secretory activities of the epithelial cells of the epididymis. (fapesp.br)
- An impressive profile of some 370 miRNAs were detected in the mouse epididymis, with a subset of these specifically identified within the epithelial cells that line the tubule (218). (edu.au)
Appendix of the epi1
- Persistence of the cranial end of the mesonephric duct will leave behind a remnant called the appendix of the epididymis. (wikipedia.org)
Seminal vesicles2
- The epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland lose some of their surface cells. (medlineplus.gov)
- Semen is composed of sperm from the epididymis and fluids from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and small mucous glands that provide fluids to nourish sperm. (msdmanuals.com)
Covering the testis1
- The epididymis is invested completely by the tunica vaginalis (which is continuous with the tunica vaginalis covering the testis). (wikipedia.org)
Testis and epididymis3
- A large part of our work involves understanding how the activity of this enzyme is regulated in testis and during sperm development in the testis and epididymis. (kent.edu)
- Detailed histopathological examination of testis and epididymis were performed, as well. (europa.eu)
- However, in the 200 and 800 mg/kg groups the relative and absolute weights of testis and epididymis were significantly decreased.The results of sperm analysesshowedsignificantlyreduced ofsperm motility, viability, survivability and the number of sperms in the left epididymis in the group treated with 50 mg/kg or more of the test chemical compared with controls. (europa.eu)
Tissue8
- Partially surrounding and separating the epididymis from the testis is a thin sheet of tissue referred to as the tunica vaginalis. (healthline.com)
- The walls of the epididymis are lined in pseudostratified columnar epithelial tissue, meaning that the arrangement of the cells gives the appearance of two layers, although it is only one. (healthline.com)
- In the embryo, the epididymis develops from tissue that once formed the mesonephros, a primitive kidney found in many aquatic vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
- Aging changes in the male reproductive system may include changes in testicular tissue, sperm production, and erectile function. (medlineplus.gov)
- Although the epididymis is an androgen dependent tissue, other factors, such as estrogen may play a role in this tissue. (fapesp.br)
- Moreover, for genes that are expressed in multiple tissues or at multiple stages of development, the use of tissue-specific expression of the Cre recombinase allows gene function to be perturbed in specific cell types and/or at specific times. (elifesciences.org)
- In our efforts to explore the biology of the male reproductive tract, we unexpectedly found that expression of Cre in the central nervous system resulted in recombination in the epididymis, a tissue where sperm mature for ~1-2 weeks following the completion of testicular development. (elifesciences.org)
- The disparate functions of different cell types are coordinated by a wide array of mechanisms, including direct cell-cell contacts within a tissue, shared access to nutrient pools, and both local (paracrine) and longer-range trafficking of small molecule and peptide signals. (elifesciences.org)
Cauda epididymis3
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is also localized in the clear cells of the cauda epididymis that are postulated to have an important immune function. (nih.gov)
- Sperm in most mammalian species including rat, mice and human are kept completely quiescent (motionless) and viable for up to a few weeks in the cauda epididymis before ejaculation. (bioscientifica.com)
- The molecular mechanisms that suppress sperm motility but increase cell survival during storage in cauda epididymis are not known. (bioscientifica.com)
Mouse epididymis1
- A majority of the latter miRNAs (75%) were detected at equivalent levels along the entire length of the mouse epididymis. (edu.au)
Maturation10
- Its primary function is the storage, maturation and transport of sperm cells. (wikipedia.org)
- During their transit in the epididymis, sperm undergo maturation processes necessary for them to acquire motility and fertility. (wikipedia.org)
- In addition to its secretory role in ensuring functional maturation and survival of spermatozoa, the epididymis has a complex immune function. (biorxiv.org)
- Therefore, to investigate the relationship between T. gondii and sperm maturation, we infected mice with T. gondii prugniaud (PRU) strain and performed transcriptome sequencing of the epididymis. (biomedcentral.com)
- The epididymis is an important accessory organ of the male reproductive system, where sperm maturation and storage take place. (biomedcentral.com)
- Sperm maturation in the epididymis is a highly programmed process which may be affected by the epididymis microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
- Therefore, studying the characteristics of the epididymis is important for identification of factors affecting sperm maturation. (biomedcentral.com)
- During their transit through the epididymis, sperm undergo biochemical changes to acquire the maturation. (fapesp.br)
- The functional maturation of mammalian spermatozoa is accomplished as the cells descend through the highly specialized microenvironment of the epididymis. (edu.au)
- Indeed, as noncanonical regulators of gene expression, small noncoding RNAs have emerged as key elements of the circuitry involved in regulating epididymal function and hence sperm maturation. (edu.au)
Fertility5
- Long considered an accessory tubule of the male reproductive system, the epididymis is proving to be a key determinant of male fertility. (biorxiv.org)
- Prostate function does not affect fertility. (medlineplus.gov)
- The functions of small RNAs in fertility, inheritance, and development. (upenn.edu)
- Dudiki T, Joudeh N, Sinha N, Goswami S, Eisa A, Kline D, Vijayaraghavan S. The protein phosphatase isoform PP1γ1 substitutes for PP1γ2 to support spermatogenesis but not normal sperm function and fertility. (kent.edu)
- The repeated exposure of the test chemical during pre-mating and mating period had no effect on female gonad function, fertility, mating behaviour and conception as it was evidenced by the unchanged fertility and copulation index and by the lack of histopathological findings. (europa.eu)
Testicle2
- The appendix epididymis is a small appendage on the top of the epididymis (a tube-shaped structure connected to the testicle). (chop.edu)
- Early in the course of the infection, the epididymis is easily discernible from the testicle, but with progression, the testis becomes involved, producing epididymoorchitis, thereby making it difficult to differentiate the epididymis from a swollen and tender testicle. (health.am)
Inflammation2
- Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis caused by infection or trauma. (health.am)
- Epididymitis and Epididymo-orchitis Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis (the coiled tube on top of the testis that provides the space and environment for sperm to mature), and epididymo-orchitis is inflammation of the. (msdmanuals.com)
Pseudostratified epithelium1
- 1296 The epididymis is covered by a two layered pseudostratified epithelium. (wikipedia.org)
Luminal1
- The epididymis secretes immobilin, a large glycoprotein that is responsible for the creating of the viscoelastic luminal environment that serves to mechanically immobilize spermatozoa until ejaculation. (wikipedia.org)
Tunica1
- Several species of bats contain pigment granules within the scrotal skin, tunica vaginalis or tunica albuginea surrounding the testis and/or epididymis. (ku.edu)
Caput5
- 1296 The epididymis can be divided into three main regions: The head (Latin: caput). (wikipedia.org)
- Spermatozoa formed in the testis enter the caput epididymis, progress to the corpus, and finally reach the cauda region, where they are stored. (wikipedia.org)
- Sperm entering the caput epididymis are incomplete-they lack the ability to swim forward (motility) and to fertilize an egg. (wikipedia.org)
- Immobilin is predominantly secreted into the proximal caput epididymis prior to the acquisition of the potential for sperm motility. (wikipedia.org)
- Recent study from our laboratory has shown that the expression of estrogen receptor ESR1, mRNA and protein, is higher in the corpus than in the initial segment/caput and cauda of the epididymis, suggesting that mechanisms involved in the regulation of ESR1 in the epididymis are region-specific. (fapesp.br)
Motility2
- We concluded that combined ginger and cinnamon have significant beneficial effects on the sperm viability, motility, and serum total testosterone, LH,FSH and serum anti-oxidants' level and could be effective for maintaining healthy sperm parameters and male reproductive function in diabetics. (ajol.info)
- Interactome of signaling proteins involved in motility activation was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) software, which identified mitogen activated protein kinase-p38 (MAPK-p38), AKT, mTOR and their downstream target p70S6K as the key kinases regulating sperm function. (bioscientifica.com)
Subset1
- A surprisingly wide range of Cre drivers - including six different neuronal promoters as well as the adipose-specific Adipoq Cre promoter - exhibited off-target recombination in the epididymis, with a subset of drivers also exhibiting unexpected activity in other tissues such as the reproductive accessory glands. (elifesciences.org)
Mice5
- These data suggest that bladder klotho mutant mice have impaired bladder function. (mugen-noe.org)
- The effects of Orchis anatolica plant roots on adult male mice testicular structure and function were explored and compared with those of the red Korean Panax ginseng . (degruyter.com)
- We can conclude that Orchis anatolica plant could be more useful to improve testicular functions and structural parameters in mice when compared with red Korean Panax ginseng . (degruyter.com)
- Exposure of prepubertal, pubertal, and adult mice to 0, 8, 16, 32, 40, or 48 mg 1,3-dinitrobenzene (m-DNB)/kg body weight and measuring responses 1-25 d posttreatment (dpt) demonstrated significant effects on testicular function only at 48 mg/kg dosage. (epa.gov)
- In the mice epididymis, a disintegrin and metalloproteases (ADAMs) 7 and 28 are expressed in an epididimal region-specific manner and the gene expression of ADAM 7 is regulated by both androgen and testicular factors or only testicular factors regulate ADAM 28. (fapesp.br)
Spermatozoa2
- The core function of the stereocilia is to resorb 90% of this fluid as the spermatozoa start to become motile. (wikipedia.org)
- Therefore, this review will attempt to discuss the relevance of free radicals and antioxidants in spermatozoa production and function. (scialert.net)
Posterior1
- The epididymis is situated posterior and somewhat lateral to the testis. (wikipedia.org)
Seminiferous3
- Because sperm are initially non-motile as they leave the seminiferous tubules, large volumes of fluid are secreted to propel them to the epididymis. (wikipedia.org)
- This absorption creates a fluid current that moves the immobile sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis. (wikipedia.org)
- The histopathological examination of the gonads revealed atrophy of seminiferous tubule of testis and the epididymis in the two highest dose groups (200 and 800 mg/kg). (europa.eu)
Adult1
- In adult rat epididymis, the presence of mRNA for GPER was detected in all epididymal regions. (fapesp.br)
Biochemical1
- The major interest in my laboratory is to understand the biochemical basis for the development of sperm function. (kent.edu)
Involved in the regulation1
- Considering this, we hypothesized that klotho gene involved in the regulation of bladder function. (mugen-noe.org)
Infection1
- The causative agent responsible for infection is a function of age and sexual behavior. (health.am)
Mild1
- Haemodialysis removes the primary metabolites of linezolid to some extent, but the concentrations of these metabolites are still very considerably higher after dialysis than those in patients with normal renal function or mild to moderate renal insufficiency. (who.int)
Transgenic2
- Using gene knockout, transgenic and molecular approaches we are investigating the signal mechanisms underlying regulation of protein phosphorylation and sperm function. (kent.edu)
- The development of tools to manipulate the mouse genome, including knockout and transgenic technology, has revolutionized our ability to explore gene function in mammals. (elifesciences.org)
Mammals1
- The ovary : a correlation of structure and function in mammals / Hannah Peters and Kenneth P. McNatty. (who.int)
Sexual function2
- Getting treated for health disorders such as high blood pressure and diabetes may prevent problems with urinary and sexual function. (medlineplus.gov)
- Blood in semen is not usually a sign of cancer and does not affect sexual function. (msdmanuals.com)
Sperm function1
- Vijayaraghavan S, Chakrabarti R, Myers K. Regulation of sperm function by protein phosphatase PP1gamma2. (kent.edu)
Reproductive function1
- the latter, to the production of hormones that will influence spermatogenesis and consequently male reproductive function and health. (benthamscience.com)
Receives1
- The epididymal head overhangs the upper pole of the testis, receives the seminal fluid from the ducts of the testis (which pierce the upper portion of the mediastinum), then allows the passage of the sperm into the distal portion of the epididymis. (medscape.com)
Survival1
- Oxygen is required to support life, but its metabolites such as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can modify cell functions, endanger cell survival, or both. (scialert.net)
Gene expression1
- Some of these proteins are found only in specific regions of the epididymis and their gene expression is regulated by androgens or testicular factors. (fapesp.br)
Significantly1
- The authors conclude that Cd orally administered in water concentrations up to 69ppm does not significantly affect reproductive functions. (cdc.gov)
Tail1
- are stored in the tail of the epididymis. (histologyguide.com)
Testicular function1
- These will promote testis differentiation and ultimately the production of hormones that will lead to male development and testicular function during adulthood. (benthamscience.com)
Develops1
- As the fetus develops, the functioning testis produces the male hormone testosterone to allow development of male genitalia. (medscape.com)
Presence1
- In fact, our laboratory detected the presence of GPER in testicular cells, efferent ductules and epididymis. (fapesp.br)
Corpus1
- The expression was higher in the corpus than in other regions of the rat epididymis. (fapesp.br)
Epididymal2
- However, the signaling pathways and the regulation of epididymal protein, for example ADAM 7 and 28, induce by estrogen and estrogen receptors in the epididymis remain to be determined. (fapesp.br)
- Although the regulatory network responsible for spatial coordination of epididymal function remains unclear, recent evidence has highlighted a novel role for the RNA interference pathway. (edu.au)
Structure2
- Since this structure has no function, it does not pose any threat to your child's health. (chop.edu)
- The epididymis is a comma shaped, elongated structure composed of a single, fine tubular structure estimated up to 6 meters (approximately 20 feet) in length. (medscape.com)
Scrotal1
- In one species, Lavia frons, melanin deposited within the scrotal skin appears to have a social/reproductive communication function. (ku.edu)