• The same extracts were assessed for their antioxidative potentials with the use of DPPH free radical scavenging assay followed by determination of HRBC membrane stabilization method, Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay, all extracts of BG were found to be bioactive and the degree of lethality was found to be concentration dependent. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay found extracts to be bioactive suggesting extracts as a promising candidate for plant-derived anti-tumor compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. (who.int)
  • Cisplatin showed concentration-dependent antitumor effects due to loss of cell adhesion and spheroid disruption in each cell line, while cetuximab exhibited antitumor effects that correlated with EGFR expression in each cell line. (medsci.org)
  • This assay has been extensively used for different studies such as for preliminary toxicity screening of plant extracts, detection of fungal toxins, plant extract toxicity, heavy metals, cyanobacteria toxins, pesticides, and cytotoxicity testing of dental materials [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mytomycin C (MC), an antibiotic produced by S. lavendulae, exhibits cytotoxicity when the activated drug covalently binds complementary strands of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Prediction of Chemical Carcinogenicity in Rodents from in Vitro Genetic Toxicity Assays R AYMOND W. TENNANT, BARRY H. MARGOLIN, MICHAEL D. SHELBY, E RROL Z … As an in vivo toxicity endpoint, the acute lung inflammogenicity in a rat instillation model was compared with the in vitro toxicity endpoints comprising cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, or haemolytic potential. (holocausto.online)
  • We conduct cytotoxicity estimation using a panel of cell proliferation and viability tests, which can be sorted into four types by different endpoints: Functional assays: assessment of ATP, ADP, ATP/ADP ratios. (holocausto.online)
  • Kroll A(1), Pillukat MH, Hahn D, Schnekenburger J. The in vitro assays covered baseline toxicity in bacteria, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity in mammalian cells and yeast, estrogenicity, and anti-androgenicity. (holocausto.online)
  • In vitro, chemicals such as drugs and pesticides have different cytotoxicity mechanisms such as destruction of cell membranes, prevention of protein synthesis, irreversible binding to receptors etc. (holocausto.online)
  • The negative results for cytotoxic and antimicrobial assays indicated possible low cytotoxicity to the extract. (researchgate.net)
  • Biological assays to test the cytotoxicity of the compound 1b combined with electroporation were performed to determine its potential for future medical applications in cancer treatment. (hindawi.com)
  • It has been proven that combining electroporation with chemotherapy potentiates the cytotoxicity of drugs when the drugs' efficacy is limited by its uptake in the cell [ 9 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Studies have found very good relationship between this simple, inexpensive, and bench-top assay and the antitumor potential of the cytotoxic compounds [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 1956, Streptomyces lavendulae was found to produce an antibiotic called Mitomycin C, which has been studied for its cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. (ucdenver.edu)
  • The application of High Content Screening for in vitro toxicity testing is a relatively new approach in the preclinical research phase of drug development. (holocausto.online)
  • While toxicity test has been traditionally completed in the preclinical phase, in vitro toxicity studies in the early drug discovery stages could significantly reduce failures at a later stage and prevent economic loss. (holocausto.online)
  • Traditionally, the in vitro toxicity assays that have been used to identify molecules that carry drug-related DILI risk factors include two-dimensional (2D) cell systems and other standard preclinical model… The principal application of this assay is to rapidly screen test compounds to identify those that induce acute liver cell toxicity. (holocausto.online)
  • 50 years of preclinical anticancer drug screening:empirical to target-driven approaches. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • In the future, it may become possible to produce tumor spheroids from tissue samples of oral cancer patients, and then apply them to drug screening and to develop individualized diagnostic and treatment methods. (medsci.org)
  • Diagnostic testing continues to improve, but multi-drug resistance to treatment is an increasing challenge. (cdc.gov)
  • Prior to joining Invicro, Joseph was Chief Scientific Officer at Flagship Biosciences where he led the R&D and Scientific efforts in applying novel quantitative tissue image analysis approaches to immuno-oncology and rare diseases to support drug and companion diagnostic development. (hub-xchange.com)
  • In vitro toxicity assays are used to determine the potential of a new pharmaceutical, agrochemical, food additive, or other chemical product to be hazardous to humans.In vitro studies, which are performed on cultured bacterial or mammalian cells, can be used as an initial screen to avoid the unnecessary use of animals in determining which candidates should move forward for further safety testing. (holocausto.online)
  • In regulatory testing situation these in vitro toxicity assays must be reliable, because from these tests it is only possible to generalize the data to … First Published 1995. (holocausto.online)
  • Considering the ethical issues and the cost of in-vivo animal tests, the pharmaceutical industry now relies more on in-vitro methods for toxicity testing in the drug development phase. (holocausto.online)
  • H … In vitro assays covered baseline toxicity, oxidative stress responses, and estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity. (holocausto.online)
  • The positive control induced a high degree of toxicity in all in vitro tests performed, indicating that the toxicity observed in the direct contact assay was due to in situ extraction of toxic components. (holocausto.online)
  • METHODS: The MIC and MBC tests, drug sensitivity test, crystal violet assay and proteomic analysis were used to detect the in vitro antibacterial activity of TPZ. (bvsalud.org)
  • A recent in vitro screening of the Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom (PnV) antitumor effects by our group has shown that the venom significantly affected glioblastoma cell lines. (nature.com)
  • The authors found that the peptide induces apoptotic effects on multiple cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo , inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion, and arrests cell cycle primarily in the G2M phase. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Therefore, based on the characteristics of black phosphorus two-dimensional nanomedicine, experimental designs were conducted on its nanosheet preparation, polyethylene glycol modification, and anti-tumor drug loading. (frontiersin.org)
  • Some drugs (eg, hydralazine , procainamide , isoniazid , anti-tumor necrosis factor [TNF] drugs) cause a reversible lupus-like syndrome. (msdmanuals.com)
  • To confirm this popular use, ethanol extract from leaves of G. globosa L. was prepared by maceration and analyzed by some phytochemical and biological assays, including cardiovascular activity. (researchgate.net)
  • Its drug release characteristics perform well in photothermal therapy, indicating that black phosphorus nano drugs can improve the biological safety and applicability of drugs in new tumor targeted therapy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Exposure to a potential fetal health hazard can be estimated through ecological assessment (e.g., testing the community water supply), questionnaires (e.g., classifying residents accord- ing to whether they drink bottled or tap water), or biological markers (e.g., testing for exposures to chemicals or solvents found in tap water). (cdc.gov)
  • In the 25 years from 1981 to 2006, they suggest, only one de-novo compound arising from combinatorial chemistry achieved regulatory approval, that being Bayer 's antitumor compound sorafenib. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Mammalian genotoxicity assay reveals if the compound causes abnormalities in chromosome distribution (aneugenity) or chromosome breaks (clastogenity) during cell division. (holocausto.online)
  • Here, we first used high-throughput screening and had screened one compound candidate, ebastine (a H1-histamine receptor antagonist), for osteosarcoma therapy. (ijbs.com)
  • Its low toxicity, high efficiency, and controllable drug release advantages make it have good application effects. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many of the medical complications that arise are the direct consequence of the need to administer potent immunosuppressive agents, with their attendant risks of infection, malignancy and drug toxicity. (ersjournals.com)
  • The development of platinum-drug resistance in cancer patients, the general toxicity and severe side effects of platinum drugs however required a different approach in the research of anticancer metal complexes [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Some Mek inhibitors showed promising antitumor activity, although schedules and doses associated with low systemic toxicity need to be defined. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proliferation assays However, in rats just minimal alterations were noted. (holocausto.online)
  • We also found that DAEB significantly stimulated lymphocyte proliferation, especially Concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and augmented phagocytosis and secretion of NO and TNF-alpha in peritoneal macrophages. (google.com)
  • To date, three s-triazine derivatives, including altretamine, gedatolisib, and enasidenib, have already been approved for refractory ovarian cancer, metastatic breast cancer, and leukemia therapy, respectively, demonstrating that the s-triazine core is a useful scaffold for the discovery of novel anticancer drugs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Emerging evidence suggests that they provide a cellular mechanism for induction and emergence of drug resistance and contribute to increased invasive and metastatic potential. (frontiersin.org)
  • When I was at GSK and also when I was with Shire , one of the things I really had antibodies to was this whole notion of industrializing drug discovery-at the end of the day, that's really what combinatorial chemistry and HTS is or was-because I really believe that drug discovery of new medicines is truly a creative process," he says. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Metronidazole (Flagyl) is a drug used to treat infections and has been studied in the treatment of cancer [10,11] as a radiosensitizer drug, especially for hypoxic cells [9]. (who.int)
  • tizer drug, especially for hypoxic cells [ 9 ]. (who.int)
  • As the American Chemical Society 's Mark Lesney glibly wrote back in 2002: "A large enough library with the right high-throughput screening assay promised the ultimate brute-force method for obtaining bioactive compounds without biologists and organic chemists getting in the way. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Discuss the current challenges and key considerations to be taken when designing assays to identify new biomarkers in pan tumor applications. (hub-xchange.com)
  • It was found that methanolic extracts elicited higher total phenolic content, higher percentage scavenging activity of nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, free radical scavenging (DPPH), FRAP (ferric reducing ability plasma) ability and reducing power. (google.com)
  • The methanolic extracts of seaweeds Enteromorpha antenna, Enteromorpha linza and Gracilaria corticata possess high total phenolic content and shows a good free radical scavenging activity and hence are proven to have better antioxidant activity and they might be good candidates for further investigations in order to develop potential anticancer drugs. (google.com)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor" by people in Profiles. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Keating's programme aims to elucidate full impurity profiles for drugs in relation to the full synthetic pathway employed. (soci.org)
  • Drug repositioning and pharmacophore identification in the discovery of hookworm MIF inhibitors. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Finally, several clinical trials are currently ongoing using MEK inhibitors in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs (including dacarbazine or paclitaxel). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Increasing amounts of evidence indicate that autophagy is induced by a number of stressors in tumor cells, such as starvation, growth factor deprivation, hypoxia, damage stimulation and therapeutic drugs, and is an important survival mechanism in response to cellular stress ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Mechanism-based target identification and drug discovery in cancer research. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • It has been found that Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one mechanism in PD. (helsinki.fi)
  • One study found genes for streptothricin resistance, an antibiotic produced by Actinomycete bacteria, on plasmids within gram-negative bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • RESULTS: Interestingly, TPZ-induced the reversal of drug resistance in E. coli by regulating the expression of resistance-related genes, which may have an auxiliary role in the clinical treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. (bvsalud.org)
  • Unfortunately, widespread drug resistance has compromised their effectiveness. (bvsalud.org)
  • Moreover, common targeted therapeutic drug formulations have weak stability in malignant tumor leukemia, and their application effects are limited. (frontiersin.org)
  • Targeted therapy uses targeted drugs to maintain a high concentration of the drug in the tumor area, improving the killing efficiency of cancer cells while avoiding damage to other normal cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cancer research has been conducted using cultured cells as part of drug discovery testing, but conventional two-dimensional culture methods are unable to reflect the complex tumor microenvironment. (medsci.org)
  • Discovery pipelines have been horribly inefficient, and if you look at the major pharmas, what they're doing typically is dismantling that industrial framework and moving much more toward either internal-focused discovery with very small discovery units-and that's certainly how GSK's done it-or partnering with academic units or highly creative companies like Ambrx to bring forward those creative molecules as rational drug design from different disciplines converges," he adds. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Molecules from animal venoms are promising candidates for the development of new drugs. (nature.com)
  • Studies in progress are selecting the venom molecules with antitumor and immunomodulatory effects and trying to better understand their mechanisms. (nature.com)
  • The identification, optimization and synthesis of antineoplastic drugs from PnV molecules may lead to a new multitarget chemotherapy. (nature.com)
  • We provide experimental evidence demonstrating that ebastine has antitumor activity in osteosarcoma and promotes autophagy by activating the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway, which is IPMK dependent. (ijbs.com)
  • Hepatotoxicity (toxic effects on the liver) and cardiotoxicity (toxic effects on the heart) are the most severe problems encountered in drug development and the major reason for drug withdrawals. (holocausto.online)
  • Since in classic chemotherapies it is observed a decrease in immune response, methotrexate (MTX) was used only to compare the PnV effects on innate immune cells with a highly immunosuppressive antineoplastic drug. (nature.com)
  • Drug delivery systems seem to be a new method for improving drug targeting and release into cells, bringing new opportunities for improving drug efficiency and avoiding potential side effects. (frontiersin.org)
  • Cell viability assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays demonstrated that ebastine elicited antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)
  • NSAIDS are widely used for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity and are among the most widely used drugs worldwide [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • An MTT assay was used to determine cell metabolic activity and a TUNEL assay for detecting DNA fragmentation. (holocausto.online)
  • MTT assay was employed to study the anticancer activity against cancer cell lines Hep-G2, MCF7 and normal VERO cell lines. (google.com)
  • Crude methanolic extract of G. corticata had significant anticancer activity followed by E. antenna and E. linza on cancer cell lines Hep-G2, MCF7 and normal VERO cell lines by MTT assay. (google.com)
  • 1,3,5-triazine derivatives, also called s-triazines, are a series of containing-nitrogen heterocyclic compounds that play an important role in anticancer drug design and development. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nuclear antigens encoded by VIRAL GENES found in HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4. (lookformedical.com)
  • Because we showed that integration neither affects the levels of viral genes, nor those of virally disrupted human genes, a genome-wide screen was performed to identify human genes which expression is influenced by viral integration and have clinical relevance. (cancerindex.org)
  • In other genes there were no statistical differences, unlike in several other studies where the expression was found to be increased. (helsinki.fi)
  • This one-day conference held on 1 July 2008, and sponsored by SCI, the RSC, and ICI brought together scientists from the Republic of Ireland and from Northern Ireland who have varied interests in drug discovery and development and a common interest in synthesis. (soci.org)
  • Professor Maguire underlined the central importance of organic synthesis to the field of chemical biology and the interfaces with drug development and process development. (soci.org)
  • The development of bioinformatics technology has enabled nanomedicine to play a significant role in drug delivery systems. (frontiersin.org)
  • Billingsley ML. Druggable targets and targeted drugs: enhancing the development of new therapeutics. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • The contribution of synthetic organic chemistry to anticancer drug development. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Characterisation of ER stress in PD models may be important for the current and future drug development of PD. (helsinki.fi)
  • If ER stress is a significant factor that affects the disease development, it would be important to find a drug that alters these mechanisms and UPR. (helsinki.fi)
  • One of the key oncogenic pathways involved in melanoma aggressiveness, development and progression is the RAS/BRAF/MEK pathway, whose alterations are found in most patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brad Nelson has twenty five years of experience in leading rapid growth life science organizations, delivering new technology and applications for drug discovery, development and clinical markets. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Joseph Krueger serves as the scientific leader for Invicro's Advanced Pathology Services and is responsible for developing new biomarker applications to meet drug development needs. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Prior to Flagship Biosciences, he served in senior scientific roles in oncology drug development for OSI Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer. (hub-xchange.com)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor" by people in this website by year, and whether "Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Sawa M, Masai H. Drug design with Cdc7 kinase: a potential novel cancer therapy target. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • This symposium presents a remarkable opportunity to convene with other researchers, clinicians, and industry leaders to discuss the extraordinary progress and immense potential of new drug therapies and technologies in paving the way for a brighter future in cancer treatment. (nyas.org)
  • With an eye to filling those drying pipelines with an endless supply of potentially therapeutic compounds, companies heavily invested in ways to randomly generate tens of thousands of "drug-like" compounds from the chemical building blocks of known drugs (see sidebar, "Leaving Lipinski? (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Though the pharmaceutical industry has expended a considerable amount of resources to both HTS and combinatorial chemistry overall, of the 1,184 new chemical entities covering all diseases/countries/sources between the years 1981 to 2006, 30 percent were found to be synthetic," they wrote. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Welcome to hubXchange's West Coast Immuno-Oncology Xchange 2021, bringing together executives from pharma and biotech to address and find solutions to the key issues faced in developing immuno-oncology therapies, through a series of highly-interactive roundtable discussions. (hub-xchange.com)
  • Experimental analysis was also conducted on the characterization ability, drug release, and targeted therapy of nanomedicine. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many natural compounds have led to the discovery of drugs used to treat human disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, a rationale for treating hypertension would be to administer drugs or natural compounds which selectively inhibit ACE. (scielo.br)
  • On any given day, the media streams are filled with companies announcing their latest biologic achievements in medicine, and given the high profile of these therapeutics in disease areas such as oncology and autoimmunity, it is hardly surprising if some people have forgotten the role of medicinal chemistry in the drug discovery process. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Extraction and direct contact assays were performed using human epidermal keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts and mouse epithelial cells. (holocausto.online)
  • The two-dimensional nano drug carrier has high safety and effectiveness in drug delivery, and its targeted treatment effect on acute T lymphoblastic leukemia cells is obvious. (frontiersin.org)
  • In 2D culture, all cells can proliferate at a relatively constant rate in a planar space, and can be provided uniform access to nutrients, oxygen or drugs. (medsci.org)
  • More importantly, we found that IPMK interacted with AMPK and functioned as a positive regulator of AMPK protein in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
  • Dr J J Keating (University College Cork) is one of a small group of chemists who synthesise drugs of abuse such as, for example, MDMA (more commonly known as ecstasy) and want the world to know about it! (soci.org)
  • Part of the reason for medicinal chemistry's disappearing act may be due to attempts by the pharmaceutical industry itself to move medicinal chemists to the back burner by automating molecular discovery and synthesis through methods such as combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening (HTS). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Explore how novel tissue staining technologies can be applied to interrogate new drug targets and immune cell while preserving tissue architecture for spatial analysis. (hub-xchange.com)
  • A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. (lookformedical.com)
  • The term pemphigus refers to a group of autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes characterized histologically by intraepidermal blister and immunopathologically by the finding of in vivo bound and circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody directed against the cell surface of keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
  • Of course, clandestine synthesis of ecstasy and other drugs of abuse is widespread. (soci.org)
  • Of the 39 new molecular entities approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2012, only about a third of them would be classified as biologics or polypeptides. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
  • Guidebook on molecular modeling in drug design: Academic Press. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Ooms F. Molecular modeling and computer aided drug design. (jscimedcentral.com)
  • Sources of toxic pollutants found in influent to sewage treatment plants. (cdc.gov)
  • One of the many cool things about propolis is that it has been found to stimulate our immune system, as discovered by Professor S. Scheller of the Institute for Microbiology at the Medical Academy of Poland. (blogspot.com)
  • The clandestine chemist has to switch their method of production according to the availability of different starting materials, thus a number of synthetic routes are available to a given drug molecule. (soci.org)
  • The human brain has to intervene much more than just random chance and happenstance, which is really what it's all about when it comes to combinatorial chemistry and random screening. (drugdiscoverynews.com)