GenesMtDNAMitochondriaSequencesPhylogenyHumansReference genomeSmall mitochondrialCompletely sequencedPlastidResearchersLineagesPhylogenetic treesSpeciesSequenceCytoplasmicProteinsMitochondrionWhole GenomeEntire genomeGeneDysfunctionAnalysesResiding in the cytoplasmHaplogroupBiogenesisRNAsOrganellarCharacterizationPhylogeniesHumanBioinformaticsCompleteDistinctNovoPatternsGenomicCodonExtensivelyEpigeneticsLiving organismsDifferencesEncodesDatasetsVariationAutosomalAnalysisCommonlyDataSyndromesExamineScientistsNucleotideMaternal
Genes28
- Dec. 9, 2019 To uncover the relationship between variation in genes and phenotypic diversity, geneticists use a set of fully sequenced fruit-fly genomes. (sciencedaily.com)
- Some highest used codons by mitochondrial protein-coding genes among synonymous codons, such as UUU(F) and AUU(I), were not corresponded to the codons carried by mitogenomes encoded tRNAs (Table S4), which indicated that the mitochondrial protein synthesis of Caelifera need not only mitochondria encoded tRNAs, but a large extent depend on nuclear encoded tRNAs. (peerj.com)
- All the 22 typical animal tRNA genes are found in M. sexmaculata mitogenome, and most of the tRNAs could be folded into the classic cloverleaf secondary structure. (scienceopen.com)
- About 2000 completely sequenced mitochondrial genomes are available from the NCBI RefSeq data base together with manually curated annotations of their protein-coding genes, rRNAs, and tRNAs. (scienceopen.com)
- The genes that have been lost from V. scurruloideum typically reside in the mitochondrial genomes of plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)
- Specifically, Skippington said the V. scurruloideum mitogenome had lost all nine mitochondrial genes encoding respiratory Complex I, a principal component of the main energy-producing pathway in aerobic organisms. (sciencedaily.com)
- Although in rare cases mitochondrial genes may be transferred to the nucleus of a cell, she said the IU team found no evidence to suggest this is the case in V. scurruloideum , and that further investigation will be required to reveal the exact mechanism through which the species compensates for its missing genes. (sciencedaily.com)
- In addition, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes necessary for the intramitochondrial synthesis of these 13 polypeptides. (medscape.com)
- How many genes are in the human genome? (cshlpress.com)
- How Many Protein-coding Genes Are Present in the Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- Which Genes Are Present in the Mitochondrial Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- How Are Genes Organized in the Mitochondrial Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- How Are microRNA Genes Distributed in the Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- What Is the Size Distribution of snRNA Genes and Related Sequences in the Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- I assembled mitochondrial genomes of BB2 (119 kbp) and P. kirbyi (75 kbp) encoding 45 and 48 putative protein-coding genes, respectively. (dal.ca)
- Interestingly, BB2 mitochondrial genes were extensively fragmented by frame-shifts. (dal.ca)
- One possible mechanism used could be to alter the expression of genes encoded in the mitochondrial genome. (frontiersin.org)
- The toolkit isolates five primary aspects of mitochondrial function: toxic byproducts, energy levels, speed with which substances pass through these organelles, membrane voltage, and expression of key mitochondrial and nuclear genes. (genengnews.com)
- A 2003 paper that Mootha coauthored demonstrated how type 2 diabetes was linked to a decrease in the expression of mitochondrial genes. (genengnews.com)
- A relatively obvious approach to phylogenetic analysis of whole genomes is to extract as many genes as possible from the genome sequences, create a multiple sequence alignment from each of the genes and to concatenate all alignments. (biomedcentral.com)
- I also constructed a phylogeny using nuclear genes, whereas Miya constructed a phylogeny from the mitochondrial genes. (vanderbilt.edu)
- He was at the origins of the introduction of DNA analysis into forensic medical examination in our country, participated in the discovery of genes key to Alzheimer's disease, was one of the first in Russia to start working with ancient DNA and sequenced the mitochondrial genome of a mammoth. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- And when we started mapping these active promoter genes, we found that in addition to thousands of signals at sites of known genes, many signals are mapped to different genomic sites where no genes are marked by the reference genome. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- While we were doing this article for two years, some of these genes were gradually added to the reference sequence of the genome, which confirmed the validity of our approach. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- Evidence for this can be found in the fact that modern dogs, unlike wolves, have genes that allow them to breakdown starch. (acanews.org)
- Watkins PA, Maiguel D, Jia Z, Pevsner J. Evidence for 26 distinct acyl-coenzyme A synthetase genes in the human genome. (medlineplus.gov)
- A deletion anywhere in the mitochondrial genome may affect transcription or translation of genes that were not affected by the deletion. (medscape.com)
- The genotype (or genome) is a person's unique combination of genes or genetic makeup. (msdmanuals.com)
MtDNA16
- a transcript generated from one of the promoters also primes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication. (biomedcentral.com)
- For example, A to G transitions in nucleotides 3243 and 8344 in mtDNA underlie mitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibres (MERFF), respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
- The role of mtDNA and nuclear genome in human aging was examined by their intercellular transfer using skin fibroblasts and mtDNA-less HeLa cells (rho o-HeLa cells). (nih.gov)
- These observations support the idea that accumulation of nuclear recessive somatic mutations, but not mtDNA mutations, is responsible for the in vivo age-related mitochondrial dysfunction observed in human skin fibroblasts. (nih.gov)
- The principal limitation in forensic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) testing is the low power of discrimination that is obtained when common "mtDNA types" are involved in a case. (nih.gov)
- We are performing large scale sequencing of the entire mtDNA genome (mtGenome), approximately 16,569 bp, of individuals who have common HV1/HV2 types. (nih.gov)
- Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) plays a role in respiration and the cell's energy conversion mechanism. (nist.gov)
- The lab found that full mitochondrial genome sequencing using capillary electrophoresis detected mtDNA changes associated with early cancer. (nist.gov)
- Alternatively, diagnosis may be established by muscle biopsy with histochemistry and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis for major rearrangements. (medscape.com)
- Located within the mitochondrial matrix, and lacking the efficient repair mechanisms available to nuclear DNA, mtDNA has a relatively high rate of mutation. (medscape.com)
- Nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes (numts) may hinder the reconstruction of mtDNA genomes and affect the reliability of mtDNA datasets for phylogenetic and population genetic comparisons. (datadryad.org)
- We tested this program using whole genome shotgun-sequenced data from two ancient Cape lions ( Panthera leo ) because mtDNA is often the marker of choice for ancient DNA studies, and the genus Panthera is known to have numt pseudogenes. (datadryad.org)
- They mapped the nuclear reads they generated to the human reference genome and the mtDNA reads to the Denisova 3 mitochondrial genome. (genomeweb.com)
- The number of nucleotide differences among the Denisovan mtDNA samples also suggests, the researchers reported, that Denisova 8 mtDNA is more diverged and has accumulated fewer substitutions than the other Denisovan mitochondrial genomes. (genomeweb.com)
- A rapid diagnostic 'mulitplex' one-step polymerase chain reaction protocol (RD-PCR) was developed using cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to discriminate between S. haematobium and S. bovis. (imperial.ac.uk)
- Kearns Sayre Syndrome (OMIM #530000) occurs as a result of large-scale single deletions (or rearrangements) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which are usually not inherited but occur spontaneously, probably at the germ-cell level or very early in embryonic development. (medscape.com)
Mitochondria18
- We analyzed the organization and function of mitochondrial DNA in a stable human cell line (ECV304, which is also known as T-24) containing mitochondria tagged with the yellow fluorescent protein. (biomedcentral.com)
- Then, proteins encoded by the nuclear genome and destined for the mitochondria will be made close to mitochondrial-encoded proteins so that they can be assembled efficiently into mitochondrial complexes. (biomedcentral.com)
- In most human cells, mitochondria contain 10 3 -10 4 copies of a circular genome of 16,569 base-pairs that encodes two ribosomal RNAs, 22 tRNAs, and 13 polypeptides that form parts of the respiratory-chain located in the inner mitochondrial membrane [ 9 , 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- We now examine the organization of mitochondrial genomes in a human cell line that contains mitochondria tagged with the yellow fluorescent protein (YFP). (biomedcentral.com)
- Scientists have found a microbe that does something textbooks say is impossible: It's a complex cell that survives without mitochondria. (npr.org)
- For decades, researchers have tried to find eukaryotic cells that don't have mitochondria - and for a while they thought they'd found some. (npr.org)
- So even if a microbe powers itself in a different way and has a limited form of the organelle that isn't the same as the mitochondria found in people, Karnkowska says, "it's still a mitochondrion and it has some important function for the cell. (npr.org)
- Studies of mitochondrial genomes from diverse eukaryotes provide insights into how mitochondria evolved. (dal.ca)
- First, the team found a pathway by which the mitochondria and the cell's nuclear genome communicate with each other. (genengnews.com)
- They found that three out of the six statins (Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, and Simvastatin) interfered with mitochondria energy levels, as did the blood-pressure drug Propranolol. (genengnews.com)
- The applicants identified peptides antagonizing such rearrangements and found that they differentially affect MLL binding of EndoG, which operates in mitochondria in unstressed cells. (uni-ulm.de)
- Mitochondrial DNA is sequestered inside the mitochondria, which are located in the cytoplasm and physically separated from the enzymes and translocated chunks of DNA that are involved in recombination and gene conversion. (scienceblogs.com)
- The team found that while the genomic content of Flavi nuclei is approximately 1000 times larger than that of the mitochondria, phylogenies (the relationships between organisms and their common ancestor) produced by mitochondrial genomes are consistent with those produces by nuclear genomes. (vanderbilt.edu)
- Hatmaker explained that mitochondria have separate genomes from the nucleus of the same cell. (vanderbilt.edu)
- Fungal mitochondria have been linked to diverse processes including energy metabolism, cell differentiation, drug resistance, biofilm and hyphal growth regulation, and virulence, among others, so an understanding of these organellar genomes is important to grasping the complete genomic profile of section Flavi ," explained Hugaboom. (vanderbilt.edu)
- The ACSF3 enzyme is found only in mitochondria and is involved in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis. (medlineplus.gov)
- A new study by scientists from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) examines the DNA of mitochondria, the powerhouses of cells, and provides the first reported evidence of DNA methylation patterns of the mitochondrial genome at high resolution. (who.int)
- Heterologous gene expression confirmed that proteins from the ISC and CDP-DAG pathways retain mitochondrial targeting sequences that are recognized by yeast mitochondria. (lu.se)
Sequences10
- To characterize genetic diversity and gene flow among Daphnia galeata populations, the complete nucleotide (nt) sequences of the mitochondrial (mt) DNAs of D. galeata clones isolated from five lakes in Japan (Lakes Shirakaba, Suwa, Kizaki, Kasumigaura, and Biwa) were determined. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The method is straightforward even if only (i) distantly related mitochondrial genomes or (ii) mitochondrial barcode sequences are available as starting-reference sequences or seeds, respectively. (scienceopen.com)
- Sequencing reads are classified as originating from either numt or true cytoplasmic mitochondrial (cymt) DNA by direct comparison against cymt and numt reference sequences. (datadryad.org)
- We found that Numt Parser outperformed approaches that rely only on read alignment or Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) properties, and was effective at identifying sequences that likely originated from numts while having minimal impacts on the recovery of cymt reads. (datadryad.org)
- NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences from two Denisovan individuals suggest that the ancient hominin population was more diverse genetically than Neanderthals, but not as diverse as modern humans, according to the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology's Svante Pääbo and his colleagues. (genomeweb.com)
- By examining these autosomal sequences, the researchers found that the two Denisovan individuals from whom the molars came are as closely related to the Denisova 3 individual - showing divergence of 2.9 percent and 3.4 percent - as the Neanderthals are to the Altai Neanderthal genome, a 2.5 percent divergence. (genomeweb.com)
- This image shows where the mitochondrial DNA sequences of humans, bonobo chimps, chimpanzees, and gorillas match. (scienceblogs.com)
- The internal variation of 38 complete mitochondrial DNA sequences (20 of them presented here for the first time) affiliated into this haplogroup testify to its emergence during the late glacial maximum, most probably in the Near East, with subsequent dispersion via population expansions when climatic conditions improved. (discovermagazine.com)
- Detailed phylogeography of HV1 sequences shows that more recent demographic upheavals likely contributed to their spread from West Arabia to East Africa , a finding concordant with archaeological records suggesting intensive maritime trade in the Red Sea from the sixth millennium BC onwards. (discovermagazine.com)
- Since 2001, the composition of the genome has been updated several times, most recently in 2019?Yes, but there were still pieces of genomic DNA sequences that could not be "stuck" into the whole sequence, into the contig. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Phylogeny3
- Anonymous Reviewer ( 2017 ) Peer Review #1 of 'Mitochondrial genomes of three Tetrigoidea species and phylogeny of Tetrigoidea (v0.2)' . (peerj.com)
- Consequently, in this project, I will use NGS and other bioinformatic techniques 1) to generate six new complete fern mitochondrial genomes and 2) to infer the fern phylogeny based on mitochondrial DNA data. (koneensaatio.fi)
- Here, we extend the recently described Genome BLAST Distance Phylogeny (GBDP) strategy to compute phylogenetic trees from all completely sequenced plastid genomes currently available and from a selection of mitochondrial genomes representing the major eukaryotic lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
Humans7
- The tooth morphology varies from what's been found in Neanderthal and modern humans, the researchers also noted. (genomeweb.com)
- An animal model is a non-human species used in biomedical research because it can mimic aspects of a biological process or disease found in humans. (genome.gov)
- But so much other genetic data profoundly disagrees with this (e.g. the genetic age of pretty much any allelic variation in humans should be no more than the mitochondrial age of Eve, more or less, and this is absolutely not what is found) that Biblical literalists can only rationally accept such drastically different processes than we observe now that one can draw no conclusions about what happened back then. (stackexchange.com)
- Surprisingly, none of the genetic lineages we found in almost 100 ancient humans were present, or showed evidence of descendants, in today's Indigenous populations," explained Dr Bastien Llamas, a Senior Research Associate with ACAD and joint lead author of the study. (hnn.us)
- This enabled them to identify a Zinc finger protein (ZNF) specifically expressed in humans and not chimpanzees and demonstrate that the human-specific ZNF (named ZNF558) is crucial for both mitochondrial homeostasis and early human brain development. (lu.se)
- In contrast to the coding parts of our genomes, where humans and chimpanzees are close to identical, the non-coding parts show great interspecies variation. (lu.se)
- This study provides a concrete example of how the non-coding part of the genome can influence the process of brain development differently between humans and chimpanzees. (lu.se)
Reference genome4
- As Pääbo and his colleagues reported high levels of contamination among their samples, the researchers restricted their nuclear DNA analyses to fragments carrying thymines at the first or last two residues where the human reference genome has cysteine residues. (genomeweb.com)
- A lot of time has passed, and in the original reference genome there were "holes" in these areas. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- It is a matter of concern that the Human reference genome originally developed in 2003[ 1 ] is derived from about 200 anonymous individuals from six countries: China, France, Germany, Great Britain, Japan and the United States, but did not have Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) from any Indian. (ijpsonline.com)
- With affordable technology and accessible reference genome database, analyzing individual genome has become feasible to understand one's health and associated health related risk factors. (ijpsonline.com)
Small mitochondrial4
- Whether cause or cure, parasitism is most likely at the root of its extremely small mitochondrial genome, which shows clear signs of both rapid and degenerative evolution. (sciencedaily.com)
- No change in the expression of long non-coding RNAs was detected at any stage of the infection, but up to 43 small mitochondrial RNAs have their expression altered during the recovery from COVID-19. (frontiersin.org)
- This result suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 infection somehow affected the metabolism of small mitochondrial RNAs specifically without altering the overall mitochondrial transcription. (frontiersin.org)
- This persistent alteration in the expression of small mitochondrial RNAs might be involved in the long COVID syndrome and further studies are needed to confirm the possibility. (frontiersin.org)
Completely sequenced2
- Phylogenetic methods which do not rely on multiple sequence alignments are important tools in inferring trees directly from completely sequenced genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
- Nowadays, an increasing number of completely sequenced genomes are available and a growing field of phylogenetic research deals with the question of how to infer reliable phylogenies from this large amount of data to overcome the limitations of single-gene phylogenies. (biomedcentral.com)
Plastid2
- In plants, DNA is found in three genomes: plastid genome (plastome), mitochondrial genome (mitogenome), and nuclear genome. (koneensaatio.fi)
- Our results indicate that, at this taxonomic level, plastid genomes are much more valuable for inferring phylogenies than are mitochondrial genomes, and that distances based on breakpoints are of little use. (biomedcentral.com)
Researchers9
- May 17, 2021 Researchers have found out how microscopic structures called lipid droplets may help to prevent a high-fat diet causing kidney damage. (sciencedaily.com)
- Researchers from the University at Buffalo have used a small bone fragment from a dog found in Southeast Alaska that lived in the region about 10,150 years ago to answer some of these questions. (slashgear.com)
- The researchers analyzed the mitochondrial genome from the bone. (slashgear.com)
- This convenient handbook, written in question-and-answer format, allows researchers and teachers alike access to basic facts about the human genome. (cshlpress.com)
- As the Denisova 3 genome was previously reported to carry a component from an unknown hominin that diverged some 1 million to 4 million years ago from the Neanderthal line, the differences between the Denisovan genomes - the Denisova 8 nuclear genome appears more deeply diverged from Denisova 3 than Denisova 4 - also bring up the possibility that this component differs among these individuals, the researchers added. (genomeweb.com)
- As these syndromes are often linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, researchers hypothesized that a dysfunction in the mitochondrial metabolism might be part of the causes of long COVID. (frontiersin.org)
- After introducing nearly 2,500 compounds to this platform many of which are FDA-approved the researchers say that they were able to discern new insights into basic mitochondrial function, which in turn revealed why some commonly used drugs have particular adverse effects. (genengnews.com)
- This obstacle spurred researchers to examine the genomes of 100 Masai giraffes, trying to uncover whether populations on either side of the rift have interbred recently, a question with profound implications for conservation. (earth.com)
- After identifying several gene blocks inherited together, or haplotypes, in the mitochondrial genome, researchers conducted a network analysis. (earth.com)
Lineages5
- We then describe the evolution of genomic organisation across lineages, how this process has been shaped by interactions with the nuclear genome and population genetics dynamics. (nature.com)
- A year later, he reported that in fact two common raven lineages existed-one called "California" concentrated in the southwestern U.S. and the other called "Holarctic" found everywhere else. (si.edu)
- After analyzing mitochondrial DNA from ravens throughout the western U.S., scientists found that these two lineages are widely intermixed. (si.edu)
- Further study of nuclear genome data led to the conclusion that the California and Holarctic raven lineages did diverge for one to two million years but later came together and have been hybridizing for at least tens of thousands of years. (si.edu)
- Maternal genetic lineages were charted for the study by extracting and sequencing whole mitochondrial genomes from the teeth and bones of the 92 pre-Colombian skeletons. (hnn.us)
Phylogenetic trees1
- Hatmaker explained that she helped Hugaboom with assembling and annotating mitochondrial genomes and constructing phylogenetic trees. (vanderbilt.edu)
Species5
- The approach overcomes the limitations of traditional strategies for obtaining mitochondrial genomes for species with little or no mitochondrial sequence information at hand and represents a fast and highly efficient in silico alternative to laborious conventional strategies relying on initial long-range PCR. (scienceopen.com)
- To expand knowledge about parasitic plants, the IU team chose to sequence the mitochondrial genomes of Santalales, more commonly referred to as mistletoes, which are the largest order of parasitic plants in the world with over 2,000 species. (sciencedaily.com)
- Next-generation genomic techniques are revealing more and more examples of species with hybrid genomes," explains Anna Kearns, postdoctoral fellow with SCBI's Center for Conservation Genomics and the study's lead author. (si.edu)
- The study focused on the mitochondrial genomes of 20 different Aspergillus species, a type of fungi, to examine the relationships within section Flavi , a group of closely related species within the genus Aspergillus . (vanderbilt.edu)
- VU alumni Miya Hugaboom studied the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of 20 different Aspergillus species within section Flavi . (vanderbilt.edu)
Sequence8
- Questions from molecular biology and genome research have inspired algorithm development in computer science for many years, starting with string algorithms for (small-scale) sequence analysis, and quickly extending to methods from graph and network algorithms, combinatorial optimization, computational statistics and image analysis, to name a few. (mdpi.com)
- They have completed a draft sequence for approximately 60% of the Neandertal genome. (creation.com)
- How many mobile elements, simple sequence repeats, or protein kinases are encoded in the genome? (cshlpress.com)
- Using a recent assembly of the human genome sequence, Stewart Scherer has compiled answers to a broad range of questions about the structure and function of the human genome. (cshlpress.com)
- Most of the unread genome just belonged to centromeric regions, these are special sections of chromosomes that are necessary for cell division, and they usually consist of tandem repeating DNA sequence units. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- According to an approximate estimate, the version of the human nuclear genome, which has been constantly replenished and improved since 2001, did not contain about 8% of the genomic DNA sequence. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- Here we present the whole genome sequence analysis of an individual from the Kashmir region of India who is from the pandit community (IHGP04). (ijpsonline.com)
- The Indian male's genome was sequenced at 38.6 X coverage with a total of 110 Gb of sequence data generated using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. (ijpsonline.com)
Cytoplasmic3
- This mitochondrial RNA colocalizes with components of the cytoplasmic machinery that makes and imports nuclear-encoded proteins - that is, a ribosomal protein (S6), a nascent peptide associated protein (NAC), and the translocase in the outer membrane (Tom22). (biomedcentral.com)
- Finally, we discuss how both nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes have evolved to co-inhabit the same host cell via one of the longest symbiotic processes, and all the opportunities for intergenomic conflict that arise due to divergence in inheritance patterns. (nature.com)
- We discuss the diversity and patterns of genome organisation for cytoplasmic elements and examine the population genetics of CIEs, highlighting the tension between within- and between-individual spread. (nature.com)
Proteins3
- A biggie is assembling iron-sulfur clusters for certain proteins, which is thought to be a mitochondrial function that's really essential. (npr.org)
- After she and her colleagues sequenced the gut microbe's genome, however, they found no trace that it made any mitochondrial proteins at all. (npr.org)
- How Do Mitochondrial Proteins Differ in Composition from Typical Proteins? (cshlpress.com)
Mitochondrion1
- That kind of vestigial mitochondrion is what she expected to find when she was a researcher at Charles University in Prague and started investigating a particular gut microbe that had been isolated from a researcher's pet chinchilla. (npr.org)
Whole Genome1
- Whole-genome sequencing data of individuals from the UK Biobank and Iceland and a somatic mutation barcoding strategy enabled detection of clonal hematopoiesis at scale. (nature.com)
Entire genome2
- We looked at which parts of the genome in the neurons of the cerebral cortex have active promoters, using a special chromatin marker, and thus scanned the entire genome. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- This complex data presented a variety of computational and data storage challenges for our small team, but using the entire genome instead of a small portion allowed us to definitively investigate the extent of gene flow among these populations. (earth.com)
Gene9
- The investigators also found that they could reduce the effects of uric acid accumulation and improve fruit fly survival by inhibiting free radicals -- unstable atoms that cause damage to cells -- using antioxidants like Vitamin C or by suppressing a gene called NOX. (sciencedaily.com)
- Initial investigation found communication pathway between organelle and cell's nuclear genome, insights on statin side effects, and connection between cytoskeleton and mitochondrial gene expression. (genengnews.com)
- Finally, they found a connection between the cell's cytoskeleton and mitochondrial gene expression. (genengnews.com)
- Mootha's group decided to query their toolkit and see if there were any drugs that could boost gene expression while reducing mitochondrial waste. (genengnews.com)
- To understand potential gene flow across the rift, we sequenced the more than 2 billion base pairs that make up entire nuclear genome as well as the more than 16,000 base pairs that make up the entire mitochondrial genome. (earth.com)
- Analysis of the nuclear genome suggests male-mediated gene flow might have occurred as recently as a thousand years ago. (earth.com)
- About a dozen mutations in the ACSF3 gene have been found in people with combined malonic and methylmalonic aciduria (CMAMMA), a condition characterized by elevated levels of chemicals known as malonic acid and methylmalonic acid in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
- The ACSF3 gene is found on chromosome 16 . (medlineplus.gov)
- We also defined gene orthology and observed micro-synteny among the genomes. (bvsalud.org)
Dysfunction2
Analyses4
- Cross-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analyses identify new risk loci for peptic ulcer diseases and provide evidence that gastrointestinal cell differentiation and hormone regulation contribute to their etiology. (nature.com)
- Genome-wide analyses yield insights into the polygenic effects contributing to clinical heterogeneity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, advancing understanding of its genetic etiology and serving as a model for future studies in other complex disorders. (nature.com)
- Previous analyses of the mitochondrial genomes of parasitic plants were limited to Rafflesiaceae, a small family of parasites famous for possessing the largest flowers in the world. (sciencedaily.com)
- There is a dearth of genomic analyses of section Flavi that are mitochondrial in focus, with most focusing exclusively on nuclear genomes. (vanderbilt.edu)
Residing in the cytoplasm1
- Genomes residing in the cytoplasm, however, prove to be a peculiar exception to this rule. (nature.com)
Haplogroup2
- We focus our attention here on the mitochondrial haplogroup HV1 that is present in both the Arabian Peninsula and East Africa. (discovermagazine.com)
- The mitochondrial haplogroup (L3e2b1a1) is indicative of maternal ancestors' arrival to the Indian subcontinent about 70 000 y ago, while the Y-chromosome haplogroup (J) is suggestive of the arrival of paternal ancestors less than 25 000 y ago. (ijpsonline.com)
Biogenesis1
- Herein, we address the complex crosstalk that involves mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial destabilization accompanied by mitophagy, and cell death. (hindawi.com)
RNAs4
- Which Transfer RNAs Are Present in the Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- Comparative analysis of genomic and transcriptomic data revealed that mitochondrial transcripts of BB2 are heavily edited by mononucleotide insertions to produce functional RNAs. (dal.ca)
- However, while there are a few studies investigating the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on mitochondrial metabolism, the effect on the transcription of mitochondrial non-coding RNAs has not been investigated yet. (frontiersin.org)
- Thus, using publicly available data, I explored the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the expression of several mitochondrial non-coding RNAs in patients recovering from COVID-19. (frontiersin.org)
Organellar1
Characterization1
- Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Arma custos (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). (wikimedia.org)
Phylogenies1
- This is significant because it shows that mitochondrial genomes may be underutilized in constructing phylogenies, as most previous studies have focused only on nuclear genomes. (vanderbilt.edu)
Human19
- We found in vivo age-related reductions in the activity of cytochrome c oxidase in human skin fibroblasts obtained from 16 donors of various ages (0-97 years). (nih.gov)
- Thus, the resulting genome is a composite of two or three individuals, much like the original human genome, which was generated from the DNA of several individuals. (creation.com)
- But even those few fixed differences could vanish as we learn more about modern human and ancient Neandertal genetic diversity (the more we study, the more variation we find and so the "fixed" differences tend to be reduced over time). (creation.com)
- Although the human genome has been sequenced, it often can be surprisingly difficult to find answers to seemingly simple questions about its characteristics. (cshlpress.com)
- While at Minnesota, he spent time working at the LBL Human Genome Center. (cshlpress.com)
- After lecturing on genomics at Caltech in 2004, his efforts have centered on writing about the human genome. (cshlpress.com)
- Which Types of Proteases Are Found in the Human Genome? (cshlpress.com)
- By contrast, the four European modern human genomes showed between 6 percent and 6.4 percent divergence, and the 10 modern human genomes from around the world exhibited between 4.2 percent and 9.5 percent divergence. (genomeweb.com)
- The glossary features nearly 250 terms explained in an easy-to-understand way by leading scientists and professionals at the National Human Genome Research Institute. (genome.gov)
- The present-day human genome contains significant chunks of genetic material from Neanderthals and Denisovans, another lesser-known hominid lineage. (si.edu)
- In areas where human and cattle schistosomiasis overlap and are transmitted in close proximity, this mitochondrial assay will be a valuable identification tool for epidemiological studies, especially when used in conjunction with other nuclear diagnostic markers. (imperial.ac.uk)
- And the reason for this interview was the receipt of the most complete version of the human genome. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- The most complete human genomeRecently, an article was published in Science: The Telomere-to-telomere (T2T) consortium published the full version of the human genome. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- What exactly from the human genome have you sequenced?The role of our group's employees is to participate in the analysis of centromeric alpha-like DNA repeats. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
- Subsequently, significant work has been done on Indian genomes but not much variant data from the Indian population has been added to the human genome variant database[ 2 - 7 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
- This leaves the reference human genome not an ideal representative of the human race. (ijpsonline.com)
- The reference Human Genome and related variant databases need to be enriched with data from underrepresented populations. (ijpsonline.com)
- Particularly, Y-chromosome and mitochondrial haplogroups have helped to develop a high resolution human migration map during the past 100 000 y. (ijpsonline.com)
- Johan Jakobsson and his team tries to understand how the human brain is so different in complexity and size to the brains of other great apes, even though our coding genome is almost identical. (lu.se)
Bioinformatics2
- Since leaving Minnesota, he has focused on bioinformatics, both in industry and in the analysis of the Candida albicans genome. (cshlpress.com)
- are applicable to biobanks associated with genome, and the development of genomics population-based studies coordinated by databases and new bioinformatics tools. (who.int)
Complete9
- Comparison of the complete genomes of the two individuals with others found in the literature confirms that C4c is a founding haplotype and gives insight into the evolution of the C1d haplotype. (illinois.edu)
- In order to explore into the genome structure it is necessary to assembly the complete genome. (koneensaatio.fi)
- The generation of complete fern genomes has been hampered for long time by their large size and complex structure, but in the last decade the number of generated genomes has increased thanks to the use of Next Generation Sequencing techniques (NGS). (koneensaatio.fi)
- NGS has made possible to produce around 222 complete fern plastomes, two mitogenomes and two nuclear genomes. (koneensaatio.fi)
- We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Menochilus sexmaculata (Fabricius, 1781) and compared it with that of other insects. (scienceopen.com)
- We present an in silico approach for the reconstruction of complete mitochondrial genomes of non-model organisms directly from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data-mitochondrial baiting and iterative mapping (MITObim). (scienceopen.com)
- Recently, a complete genome from a gray seal infected by a parapoxvirus was reported and constituted a putative novel virus in this genus ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- However, complete genomes of orf viruses are rarely found in public databases, which results in limited comparative studies in this field. (cdc.gov)
- At least 11 complete orf virus genomes are available, and at least 19 are available for the entire genus Parapoxvirus . (cdc.gov)
Distinct2
- Since there were two different and distinct mitochondrial genomes present, and since the bones came from different layers, at least two individuals, and probably three, were represented. (creation.com)
- Instead of a a distinct and unique line of paternal or maternal ancestry, thousands of autosomal SNPs can allow one t o get a better picture of the nature of the total genome, and the full distribution of ancestors. (discovermagazine.com)
Novo1
- MITOS: improved de novo metazoan mitochondrial genome annotation. (scienceopen.com)
Patterns1
- Most heritable information in eukaryotic cells is encoded in the nuclear genome, with inheritance patterns following classic Mendelian segregation. (nature.com)
Genomic1
- Former Vanderbilt University undergraduate student Miya Hugaboom provides insight into fungal mitochondrial genomic evolution in a paper she published recently as lead author, along with Biological Sciences graduate student Annie Hatmaker and Professor Antonis Rokas . (vanderbilt.edu)
Extensively1
- Previous research revealed several evolutionarily interesting mitochondrial genomes in the taxon Discoba (Excavata), including the most bacteria-like mitochondrial genomes of Jakobida and extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes of Euglenozoa. (dal.ca)
Epigenetics2
- The study presents and addresses the technical considerations that have thus far impeded the study of mitochondrial epigenetics and discusses the potential functional consequences of methylation of mitochondrial DNA in normal cells and cancer cells. (who.int)
- The overarching aim of the Epigenetics common cause of gastric cancer, Pan-cancer genoMe and Group (EGE) is to advance the which is the third most common cause tranScriPtoMe analySiS and understanding of the role of epigenetic of cancer-related deaths worldwide. (who.int)
Living organisms1
- Genomes contain all the biological information needed to build and maintain living organisms. (koneensaatio.fi)
Differences3
- They discovered that (1) Neandertals are well within the range of diversity of modern man, that (2) the Neandertal genome is incredibly similar to the genome of modern man, and that (3) there are only a few fixed differences between modern man and Neandertals. (creation.com)
- In the 2nd funding period, they will characterize differences in peptide mode-of-action on nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and consider organelle-specific therapeutic applications. (uni-ulm.de)
- In it, we wanted to find epigenetic differences in neurons in different people, including patients with schizophrenia. (vechnayamolodost.ru)
Encodes1
- The mitochondrial genome encodes the genetic information for the 13 polypeptide subunits essential for the process of oxidative phosphorylation. (medscape.com)
Datasets1
- Results from this study suggest that] the two datasets, nuclear and mitochondrial, had overall similar evolutionary histories," said Hatmaker. (vanderbilt.edu)
Variation1
- He has contributed significantly to the state-of-the-art by frequently presenting novel ideas, methods and results and have pioneered several important proof-of-concepts relevant for the project, including the conceptualization of DNA, RNA and protein variation to Variation Ontology (Vihinen, Genome Res . (lu.se)
Autosomal2
- Much of this is totally concordant with the results we've generated from the autosomal genome. (discovermagazine.com)
- Though the autosomal genome is much more difficult when it comes to implementing many of the tricks & techniques of phylogeography outlined above, it does offer up a much more robust and thorough picture of genetic relationships between contemporary populations. (discovermagazine.com)
Analysis5
- Mitochondrial DNA analysis of 31 unrelated Shuswap speakers from a previously poorly sampled region of North America revealed two individuals with haplogroups rarely found in the Americas, C4c and C1d. (illinois.edu)
- In fact, a quantitative analysis of these canine fossils found that the dogs had skulls similar in shape to that of the Central Asian Shepherd Dog. (acanews.org)
- Remarkable advancement in next generation sequencing technology has made personal genome analysis feasible and affordable. (ijpsonline.com)
- With individual genome analysis, we are now able to ascertain the ethnic affiliation of the ancestors and develop a migratory pattern for that particular group and develop a health profile of the individual. (ijpsonline.com)
- and through the analysis of mitochondrial and Y-chromosome haplogroups decipher the migratory routes as well as the time for the ancestors of this individual to reach India. (ijpsonline.com)
Commonly1
- A downsampling approach to assess causal variant fine-mapping, replication failure rate, finds that commonly used methods may be miscalibrated. (nature.com)
Data2
- In several recent articles on the Neandertal mitochondrial genome, 3 , 4 , 5 I was hesitant to make many predictions about the full Neandertal nuclear genome because I had questions about the quality of ancient DNA (aDNA) and because I was not sure if I could trust the data, since it would have been thoroughly filtered by the evolutionary gatekeepers. (creation.com)
- Using high-resolution satellite data, the experts found only two locations where the slopes of the rift were gentle enough for giraffes to traverse. (earth.com)
Syndromes1
- Some causative mutations arise in the nuclear genome (for example, in NDUFS4 , 7 , and 8 in Leigh and Leigh-like syndromes), others in the mitochondrial one. (biomedcentral.com)
Examine1
- In this review, we examine the diversity and peculiarities of cytoplasmically inherited genomes, and the broad evolutionary consequences that non-Mendelian inheritance brings. (nature.com)
Scientists2
- The IU scientists discovered the unprecedented lack of Complex I in a multicellular organism during a larger project to expand the number of parasitic plants that have undergone mitochondrial genome sequencing. (sciencedaily.com)
- To delve into the genetic history of the animals, scientists sequenced their nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. (earth.com)
Nucleotide1
- For, example, we know that genomes change over time - we've looked at single nucleotide changes here and here , and we've seen that large chunks of DNA can move around here. (scienceblogs.com)