• 2-Acetylaminofluorene (AAF, 2-AAF) is a carcinogenic and mutagenic derivative of fluorene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although this statement is arguable with respect to the acceptability of OELs for those chemicals established before 1980, and later found to be carcinogenic, there is little doubt that millions of persons have avoided serious effects of workplace exposure due to their existence. (cdc.gov)
  • WARNING: This product can expose you to chemicals including Acetaldehyde / 2-Acetylaminofluorene, Bracken fern, which is [are] known to the State of California to cause cancer. (campingworld.com)
  • He is author or coauthor of approximately one hundred research articles, including "Reduction and Enhancement by Phenobarbital of Hepatocarcinogenesis Induced in the Rat by 2-Acetylaminofluorene," coauthored with R. J. Michael Fry and Everett Staffeldt, Cancer Research 31:1506-1512, October 1971. (ivpress.com)
  • The NarI restriction site sequence 5′-G1G2CG3CX-3′ in Escherichia coli is a well-known mutational hotspot, in which lesioning of acetylaminofluorene (AAF) at G3* induces a greater −2 deletion frequency than that at other guanine sites. (jascoinc.com)
  • Additional study is needed to find out whether or not NO manufacturing induces post translational modifications of protein and modulates protein function in HCC cell. (kspinhibitors.com)
  • Usually refers to the air, water, and soil in which chemicals of interest are found. (cdc.gov)
  • The process of finding the ways people come in contact with chemicals, how often and how long they come in contact with chemicals, and the amounts of chemicals with which they come in contact. (cdc.gov)
  • A prevalent group of toxic chemicals found in the workplace are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are formed during the incomplete burning of organic substances ( Brandt and Watson 2003 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Tocotrienols, members of the vitamin E family, are natural compounds found in a number of vegetable oils, wheat germ, barley, and certain types of nuts and grains. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the context of the process of a necessary role in the potential mu- agents were found to be mutagens, mutagenesis described above, the tagenic activity of such compounds, leading to the conclusion that carcin- term "mutagen" refers to an agent or even that DNA, as opposed to ogens were general y not mutagenic. (who.int)
  • In 1999 and 2000, a study was performed by the USGS (Koplin, et al, 2000 2 ) in which the concentrations of 95 of these compounds were measured in 139 streams in 30 states (mostly downstream from intense urbanization and livestock production). (caslab.com)
  • Eighty-two of the 95 compounds of interest were found and 80% of the streams tested contained one or more of these compounds. (caslab.com)
  • Multiple compounds were found in many samples. (caslab.com)
  • 2004 3 ), between 11 and 17 of these compounds were found in all finished drinking water samples at a conventional water treatment plant. (caslab.com)
  • We found that after adjusting for other covariates, NSCLC patients who smoked and who respectively had CG, CT, and TC heterozygotes of HMGB1 rs2249825, rs1045411, and rs1360485, were at lower risk of developing mutant EGFR , compared to those patients with wild-type homozygotes. (jcancer.org)
  • NSCLC mainly includes the histologic types of adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) [ 2 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • analyze the expression of miR-451 in 2 pairs of matched NSCLC and noncancerous tissue samples. (pi3k-inhibitors.com)
  • Concentrations for 20 substances were listed under the headings: (1) Rapidly fatal to man and animals, (2) Dangerous in 0.51 h, (3) 0.51 h without serious disturbances, and (4) Only minimal symptoms observed (3). (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: We screened the 1351 differentially expressed genes related to HBV-induced HCC by bioinformatics analysis from databases and found that Plasminogen (PLG) may be a key gene in HBV-induced HCC progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. (caslab.com)
  • Results found suggest that oxidative stress modulation by melatonin could be useful in the HCC and CAA treatment and prevention. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • A substance (chemical) that gets into a system (person, animal, or the environment) in amounts higher than that found in Background Level , or what would be expected. (cdc.gov)
  • Click here to find out how to access more activity. (altmetric.com)
  • In addition, the cytosolic N,O-aryl hydroxamic acid acyltransferase enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the acetyl group from the N atom of the N-OH-2-AAF to the O atom of the N-OH group to produce N-acetoxy-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-2-AF). (wikipedia.org)
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. (ndltd.org)
  • I tend to forget myself and find happiness through other people, my children, my friends, and so on. (auhs.edu)
  • HBV induced elevated expression of fibrosis-related genes Collagen II and TGFß1 in LO-2 cells, which were suppressed by DTNA knockdown. (bvsalud.org)
  • Figure 2 Detection of miR-451 expression in mock or stably transfected A549 cells. (pi3k-inhibitors.com)
  • The reactive nitrenium, carbonium and arylamidonium ion metabolites of 2-AAF react with the nucleophilic groups in DNA, proteins and endogenous thiols like glutathione. (wikipedia.org)
  • There were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss (Pâ =â .43), transfusion rates (Pâ =â .14), length of hospital stay (Pâ >â .64), conversion rate (Pâ =â .62), R0 resection rate (Pâ =â .56), complications (Pâ =â .92), or mortaliy (Pâ =â .37) between the 2 groups. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, we found that HMGB1 rs1360485 polymorphisms seemed to be related to susceptibility to developing poorly differentiated cancer linked to tobacco consumption in EGFR mutant patients. (jcancer.org)
  • The most frequent types of primary liver cancer in adults are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), constituting HCC the 70-85% of cases and CCA the 30-15%, depending on the country [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Liver cancer also appears in children and adolescents, accounting hepatoblastoma (HB) and HCC for 67-80% and 20-33% of cases, respectively [ 2 ] [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • A potentiation of effects was evident when the two treatments were spaced less than 2 hours apart. (ndltd.org)
  • 2,4-DAT (genotoxic carcinogen) was weak positive in liver and negative in stomach. (scorecomets.com)
  • In liver DNA, dG-C8-AF reaches steady-state conditions after approximately 2 weeks of feeding and is removed in a biphasic manner. (nih.gov)
  • Relative Sensitivity of (32)P-postlabelling of DNA and the Autoradiographic UDS Assay in the Liver of Mice Exposed to 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF). (epa.gov)
  • Hepatology 2013;58:1569-1579) Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of liver disease, with at least 2%-3% of the world's population chronically infected. (smadpathway.com)
  • In the present study, the hepatoprotective effect of 5-benzylidine-2-thiohydantoin (5B2T), a unique derivative of the thiohydantoin group, on liver injury induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in male rats was investigated. (bvsalud.org)
  • [2] The liver converts glucose into glycogen, a form of sugar that can be stored, and then later released as glucose when the body needs a burst of energy. (bonasanahealth.com)
  • 9. p53 heterozygosity results in an increased 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced urinary bladder but not liver tumor response in DNA repair-deficient Xpa mice. (nih.gov)
  • At the respective peak time, the highest concentration was found in liver (160-320 mg/g as equivalent at 8 h, decreasing to 8-12 mg/g at 72 h). (inchem.org)
  • Sex There are appreciable differences in the response of male and female animals to some known carcinogens, Examples are the higher incidence of skin tumors in male mice after painting with 7, 12- dimethylbenz[aJanthracene and the greater number of liver tumors in male rats after feeding 2-diacetylaminofluorene. (nih.gov)
  • The most frequent types of primary liver cancer in adults are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), constituting HCC the 70-85% of cases and CCA the 30-15%, depending on the country [ 2 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Liver cancer also appears in children and adolescents, accounting hepatoblastoma (HB) and HCC for 67-80% and 20-33% of cases, respectively [ 2 ] [ 3 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Therefore, multiple independent studies support the concept that hepatic oval cells, but not regenerating hepatocytes, can express genes also found in HSCs. (medscape.com)
  • 45 ml/min/1.Seventy three mirielle(2) with regular urinary system conclusions. (fakpathway.com)
  • Urinary excretion represented 2-3% of the dose and faecal excretion 38-51% (Isobe et al. (inchem.org)
  • Dietary administration of the hepatocarcinogen 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) to rats results in the formation of a major hepatic DNA adduct, N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene (dG-C8-AF). (nih.gov)
  • We reacted uracil-containing M13mp2 DNA with N-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene to produce a template with N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-aminofluorene adducts. (neb.com)
  • We did not observe an increase in mutations when synthesis was attempted on a template reacted with N-acetoxy-2-(acetylamino)fluorene to give N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-2-(acetylamino)fluorene adducts. (neb.com)
  • Male F344 rats were fed 0.02% 2-AAF for 28 days and were sacrificed at intermittent times up to 56 days after being returned to the control diet. (nih.gov)
  • This study aimed to analyze the biochemical, histological, and gene expression alterations produced in a hepatocarcinogenesis model induced by the chronic administration of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in Wistar rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • Rats in the treated group were administered an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of DEN (50 mg/kg/week) and an intragastric (i.g.) dose of 2-AAF (25 mg/kg/week) for 18 weeks. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this model, the chronic administration of DEN+2-AAF induces characteristic alterations of hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats without AFP gene expression changes, highlighting different signatures in hepatocellular carcinoma heterogeneity. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study was designed to assess the ameliorative effects of eugenol and to propose the possible mechanisms of action of eugenol in diethylnitrosamine (DENA)/acetylaminofluorene (AAF)-caused lung cancer in Wistar rats. (bvsalud.org)
  • Furthermore, the DENA/AAF-administered rats treated with eugenol exhibited a significant downregulation of Bcl-2 expression levels in addition to a significant upregulation in P53 and Bax expression levels. (bvsalud.org)
  • Wistar rats receiving a single injection of 2,2′-dihydroxy-N-nitrosodipropylamine (a tumor initiator) followed by 4,4′-methylenedianiline (MDA) in the diet for 19 weeks, developed thyroid follicular cell carcinomas and follicular cell and papillary adenomas. (cdc.gov)
  • Fischer 344/N rats and B6C3F l mice receiving MDA as 4,4′-methylenedianiline dihydrochloride ad libitum in drinking water for 2 years developed thyroid follicular cell carcinomas and adenomas, C-cell adenomas of the thyroid, hepatocellular carcinomas and adenomas, alveolar bronchiolar adenomas, malignant lymphomas, and benign tumors of the adrenal gland. (cdc.gov)
  • In a further study, groups of three male and three female Sprague-Dawley rats with cannulated bile ducts were given [ 14 C-phenoxyphenyl]pyriproxyfen orally at a single dose of 2 mg/kg bw. (inchem.org)
  • Groups of five male and five female Sprague-Dawley (Crl-CD) rats were given pyriproxyfen labelled with 14 C in the pyridyl ring at a dose of 2 or 1000 mg/kg bw in a study that complied with GLP. (inchem.org)
  • 1995) In another study that complied with GLP, groups of three male and three female Sprague-Dawley rats were given [ 14 C-phenoxyphenyl]pyriproxyfen orally at a single dose of 2 mg/kg bw, and radiolabel in tissues was determined 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after dosing. (inchem.org)
  • In the more than 10 strains of rats that have been tested with N -2-fluorenylacetamide, the response in a given target organ varied from zero to almost 100 percent, depending on the strain. (nih.gov)
  • No data were found regarding exposure to cumene hydroperoxide in the general public or the toxicity of cumene hydroperoxide in humans. (nih.gov)
  • The interconversion of amide and amine metabolites of 2-AAF can further occur via the microsomal enzyme deacetylase producing the N-hydroxy metabolite of the amine derivative. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human oval cells isolated from patients with chronic biliary diseases were found to express CD34 as well as the bile duct marker CK-19. (medscape.com)
  • 2. phenylalanyl-trna synthetase activity is found with the 60s subunit, 80s monoribosome and individual polyribosomes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • In the context of the process of a necessary role in the potential mu- agents were found to be mutagens, mutagenesis described above, the tagenic activity of such compounds, leading to the conclusion that carcin- term "mutagen" refers to an agent or even that DNA, as opposed to ogens were general y not mutagenic. (who.int)
  • Shows activity towards p-nitrophenol and N-hydroxy-2-acetylamino-fluorene (N-OH-2AAF). (nih.gov)
  • DT have been found in atherosclerotic lesions, and lipofuscin of pyramidal neurons of aged human brains. (caslab.com)
  • The reactive nitrenium, carbonium and arylamidonium ion metabolites of 2-AAF react with the nucleophilic groups in DNA, proteins and endogenous thiols like glutathione. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3. lysyl-trna synthetase activity is found in a form of about 20s and associated with ribosomal subunits and polyribosomes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • Comparative genetic activity of cis- and trans- 1,2-dichloroethylene in yeast. (unibo.it)
  • 99%) as a solution in corn oil orally by gavage at doses of 2 or 1000 mg/kg bw, with or without pretreatment with unlabelled pyriproxyfen (2 mg/kg bw). (inchem.org)
  • Objective To investigate the effects of high glucose on expression of angiopoietin 2 (Ang2) and tyrosine kinase receptor (Tie2) in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs)cultured in vitro , and explore the possible mechanism of peritoneal angiogenesis in patients with peritoneal dialysis. (shsmu.edu.cn)
  • More information on each of these known and probable human carcinogens can be found on their websites. (cancer.org)
  • Robert E. Cooke (died on February 2, 2014, at 93), a pediatrician, was a member of President John F. Kennedy's presidential task force that laid the groundwork for the founding of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1962. (nih.gov)
  • The compounds p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (PPD), o-phenylphenol sodium salt (OPP), and 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), were analysed as part of the JaCVAM initiative. (scorecomets.com)
  • Using gene regulation, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and fluorescent microscopy analysis, we found that proteins of the EMR family differentially regulate HCV infection in the J6/JFH-1/Huh7.5 cell system. (smadpathway.com)
  • Pretreatment with unlabelled pyriproxyfen before administration of 2 mg/kg bw per day for 14 days increased the residual radiolabel in the tissues slightly but did not change the excretion pattern. (inchem.org)
  • In addition, the cytosolic N,O-aryl hydroxamic acid acyltransferase enzyme catalyzes the transfer of the acetyl group from the N atom of the N-OH-2-AAF to the O atom of the N-OH group to produce N-acetoxy-2-aminofluorene (N-OH-2-AF). (wikipedia.org)
  • 1,2-dibromoethane (DBE), p-anisidine (ASD), and o-anthranilic acid (ANT) were examined. (scorecomets.com)
  • No data on the chronic effects of cumene hydroperoxide were found. (nih.gov)
  • All isolates were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the genes encoding the virulence-associated hemolysins, thermostable-direct hemolysin, and thermostatable-related hemolysin ( 2 ), and 2 other genetic markers, toxRS and orf8 ( 1 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The numbers of bacteria translocated into the lower Transwell chamber were counted by dark field microscopy after infection for 2 h, 4 h and 8 h, and the permeability of endothelial monolayers to fluorescent particles were detected. (shsmu.edu.cn)
  • 2-AAF is a substrate for cytochrome P-450 (CYP) enzyme, which is a part of a super family found in almost all organisms. (wikipedia.org)
  • A polymorphism in intron-16 of the ACE gene (g.11417-11704del287) is found to be strongly related to the circulating enzyme levels in a dose-dependent manner. (smadpathway.com)
  • In addition, later work found that the Thy-1 marker also used for sorting of HSCs in mice was also highly expressed on rat oval cells. (medscape.com)
  • 2 BMS-345541 cell line ) Amongst girls 25years, the particular percentage associated with situations with only HPV 16/18 has been considerably lower along with the portion that contain HPV16/18 plus A single beyond 15 non-vaccine HPV varieties (31/33/45/52/58/35/39/51/56/59) ended up being higher than at the age of 25-49. (fakpathway.com)
  • The Words Search Engine to solve crosswords, play word games like Scrabble and Words with Friends, and find lists of words. (joueb.com)
  • To induce lung cancer, DENA at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight (b.wt) for 2 weeks were intraperitoneally injected once each week and AAF was administered orally at a dose of 20 mg/kg b.wt. (bvsalud.org)
  • No data on the chemical disposition and toxicokinetics of cumene hydroperoxide were found. (nih.gov)
  • Few data were found on the reproductive and teratological effects of cumene hydroperoxide. (nih.gov)
  • Bayesian and traditional examines associated with populace anatomical framework uncovered the use of at the very least Six supervision models of frequent dolphins, of which at the least 3 are usually possibly influenced by the 2 main fisheries. (fakpathway.com)
  • that mutations in cathepsin B may cause inept localization of cathepsin B protein in zymogen granules that could lead to premature activation of trypsinogen.43 Type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated polymorphisms in selleck chemical transcription factor 7 like protein 2 (TCF7L2, OMIM 602228) were screened in TCP and fibro calculus pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) patients. (smadpathway.com)
  • they are not citations for the text found within the published item. (omeka.net)
  • Albers also was one of the founding co-editors of the comprehensive text Basic Neurochemistry: Molecular, Cellular and Medical Aspects, first published in 1972, continuing as co-editor for eight editions, the latest published in 2012. (nih.gov)
  • However, no association of this polymorphism has been found with TCP.45 Calcium sensing receptor gene (CASR, OMIM 601199) mutations have been suggested to increase the risk of CP, since high intracellular levels of calcium activate trypsinogen within medchemexpress the acinar cells. (smadpathway.com)
  • It has been found in rivers and wastewaters in Illinois, Delaware, and Pennsylvania at levels as high as 0.25 ppm. (nih.gov)
  • Sixty-four +/- 18 ml/min/1.Seventy-three m(2)) inside sufferers with out high blood pressure levels when compared to those that have high blood pressure levels. (fakpathway.com)
  • 2 Similar trends are affecting digital communications and storage. (divched.org)
  • A substance (chemical) that gets into a system (person, animal, or the environment) in amounts higher than that found in Background Level , or what would be expected. (cdc.gov)
  • 1. only two aminoacyl-trna synthetases from chinese hamster ovary cells are found associated with ribosomes and polyribosomes. (liverpool.ac.uk)
  • 0.05) MN and sperm morphology compared to control 2. (scialert.net)
  • James Bahre (died on October 2, 2014, at 73) provided scientific instruments for NIH medical researchers, working first for Beckman Instruments and then Fuji Corporation. (nih.gov)