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Cerebral InfarctionIntracranial PressureBrain InfarctionBrain EdemaBrain IschemiaBrain InjuriesIntracranial HypertensionCerebrovascular DisordersTomography, X-Ray ComputedInfarctionCerebrovascular CirculationBrainMyocardial InfarctionCerebral ArteriesBrain ChemistryMagnetic Resonance ImagingBlood PressureInfarction, Middle Cerebral ArteryEdemaDiuretics, OsmoticPressureTime FactorsBrain NeoplasmsCerebral HemorrhageGlasgow Coma ScalePseudotumor CerebriAquaporin 4Ischemic Attack, TransientBlood-Brain BarrierDisease Models, AnimalStrokeDiabetic KetoacidosisBrain MappingMiddle Cerebral ArteryCerebral AngiographyRats, Sprague-DawleyIntracranial Embolism and ThrombosisCerebral PalsyMonitoring, PhysiologicHydrocephalusTreatment OutcomeCraniocerebral TraumaDecompressive CraniectomyNeuroprotective AgentsSubarachnoid HemorrhageMannitolRisk FactorsProspective StudiesCraniotomyPapilledemaPulmonary EdemaGlasgow Outcome ScaleAcute DiseaseSaline Solution, HypertonicCerebral VeinsHypertensionCerebral CortexHead Injuries, ClosedCerebral VentriclesBrain Injury, ChronicMalaria, CerebralRetrospective StudiesDiffuse Axonal InjuryBrain DiseasesBrain StemHypoxia, BrainBrain Damage, ChronicCerebrospinal Fluid ShuntsStroke, LacunarLeukoaraiosisElectrocardiographyRats, WistarVentriculostomyNeuronsBrain ConcussionIntracranial EmbolismPredictive Value of TestsComaHemodynamicsHypothermia, InducedAltitude SicknessBlast InjuriesSpecific GravityCarbon DioxideTriethyltin CompoundsBlood Flow VelocityInjury Severity ScoreRecovery of FunctionHyperammonemiaCase-Control StudiesCerebrospinal FluidTransducers, PressureOxygenPost-Concussion SyndromeAge FactorsBrain AbscessCranial SinusesHypocapniaAnalysis of VarianceThrombolytic Therapy
Intracerebral hemorrhageSubarachnoid hemorrhageIschemiaThrombosisMiddle cerebral arteryStrokeMyocardial infarctionArteriovenous malformationAneurysmsMeningitisHypoxiaBilateralNeurocritical CareInjuryCongenitalClinicallySeizureDisruptionTissueCerebrovascularPermeabilitySymptomsDetectionMolecularMortalityHerniationPatientsInjuriesCommonlyElicitsOccurSodiumResultRapidBlood pressurePrinciplesTreatmentEpilepsySignsImportantRiskImaging studies
Intracerebral hemorrhage9
  • The combination of intracerebral hemorrhage and raised intracranial pressure (if present) leads to a "sympathetic surge", i.e. over-activation of the sympathetic system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thrombosis also form in cerebral venous, which is termed as cerebral venous thrombosis(CVT), a particular type of cerebrovascular disease, characterized by intracerebral hemorrhage and infarction, associated with increased intracranial pressure due to cerebrospinal fluid absorption and cerebral venous drainage, accounting for 0.5-1% of strokes ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Her research focuses on the study of intracerebral hemorrhage using brain imaging with CT and MRI. (stanford.edu)
  • She is the Stanford prinicipal investigator for several clinical trials in intracerebral hemorrhage and large hemispheric infarction. (stanford.edu)
  • I am interested in the study of the radiological characteristics and temporal profile of edema/ tissue injury in the perihematomal area around spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. (stanford.edu)
  • This update highlights important clinical trial results on the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage, including blood pressure management and surgery. (medlink.com)
  • Through the years, intracerebral hemorrhage has also been termed "cerebral hemorrhage," "intracranial hemorrhage," "hemorrhagic stroke," and "cerebral bleed. (medlink.com)
  • Intracerebral hemorrhage refers specifically to bleeding within the brain parenchyma. (medlink.com)
  • This article summarizes the epidemiology and outcomes of AKI in neurocritically ill adults admitted to the ICU, focusing on prevalent ABI conditions like traumatic brain injury (TBI), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and acute stroke. (beds.ac.uk)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage4
Ischemia8
Thrombosis7
  • [ 3 ] An estimated 80-85% of strokes are ischemic (either thrombosis or embolism), whereas 15-20% of strokes are hemorrhagic. (medscape.com)
  • It may also occur due to intrathecally administered contrast material, leakage of high-dose intravenous contrast material into the subarachnoid spaces, or in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, severe meningitis, leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, intracranial hypotension, cerebellar infarctions, or bilateral subdural hematomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Stroke is caused not only by arterial thrombosis but also by cerebral venous thrombosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • The ischemic stroke accounts for the 87% of all cases, which results from the cerebral arteries occlusion due to thrombosis, atherosclerosis and platelets plug ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The molecular pathological hallmarks of arterial stroke and cerebral venous thrombosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Her main interests are in brain hemorrhage, unusual and rare causes of stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis, anticoagulation management after strokes and use of technology for improving outcomes in the neurological ICU. (stanford.edu)
  • The pathogenesis of sDAVFs is yet to be fully elucidated, conversely to their intracranial counterparts, in which dural venous thrombosis and neoangiogenesis contribute to the abnormal recanalization of the primitive direct connections between the arteries and veins around the major dural venous sinuses. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
Middle cerebral artery1
  • The Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that underwent right-sided middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were used for assessment of NKCC1, TNF-α and IL-1β expression using Western blotting, double immunofluorescence and real time RT-PCR, and the model also was used for evaluation of brain water content (BWC) and infarct size. (biomedcentral.com)
Stroke7
  • Stroke syndromes can present along a wide spectrum of disease from transient ischemic attacks with complete resolution of symptoms to large intracranial hemorrhages with uncal or tonsillar herniation. (medscape.com)
  • Also see Ischemic Stroke in Emergency Medicine and Hemorrhagic Stroke . (medscape.com)
  • Neuroprotection to attenuate or block the ischemic cascade and salvage neuronal damage has been extensively explored for treating ischemic stroke. (springer.com)
  • We demonstrated that treatment with NPD1, RvD1, and combination therapy provides high-grade neurobehavioral recovery and decreases ischemic core and penumbra volumes even when administered up to 6 h after stroke. (springer.com)
  • The treatment of ischemic stroke is to administer tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) within 4.5 h of stroke onset, and only 5-8% of patients qualify for this therapy (Liaw and Liebeskind 2020 ). (springer.com)
  • Based on the etiology, stroke can be classified into ischemic or hemorrhagic subtypes, which ranks second among the leading causes of death. (frontiersin.org)
  • The purpose of this study is to determine if pioglitazone is effective in preventing future strokes or heart attacks among non-diabetic persons who have had a recent ischemic stroke. (stanford.edu)
Myocardial infarction3
  • 1 initial episode of care Use fifth-digit 1 to designate the first episode of care (regardless of facility site) for a newly diagnosed myocardial infarction. (theodora.com)
  • 2 subsequent episode of care Use fifth-digit 2 to designate an episode of care following the initial episode when the patient is admitted for further observation, evaluation or treatment for a myocardial infarction that has received initial treatment, but is still less than 8 weeks old. (theodora.com)
  • 40-55%) are higher than the mortality rates due to ICU-related myocardial infarction (20%), sepsis without AKI (15-25%), or acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation (30-40%) [ 1 ]. (beds.ac.uk)
Arteriovenous malformation1
  • SAH in a person known to have seizures is often diagnostic of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation. (wikipedia.org)
Aneurysms3
Meningitis1
Hypoxia4
  • This occurs in cases of severe cerebral edema, such as by cerebral hypoxia. (wikipedia.org)
  • Long-term effects of cerebral hypoxia, including vegetative survival, are the most devastating (see Treatment). (medscape.com)
  • Hypoxia caused by impaired blood circulation can be referred to as circulatory hypoxia, which are classified as ischemic hypoxia and congestive hypoxia. (frontiersin.org)
  • Ischemic hypoxia is caused by an impaired arterial blood supply, whereas congestive hypoxia results from an impaired venous return. (frontiersin.org)
Bilateral2
  • MRI findings revealed focal T2/FLAIR hyperintensity in the bilateral parietooccipital regions, leading to the diagnosis of PRES. (bvsalud.org)
  • C.T has the ability to diagnose and assess renal infection site and extension of infection to pararenal fascia, renal infection unilateral or bilateral and infection focal or diffused. (egyptianjournal.xyz)
Neurocritical Care1
  • In the context of neurocritical care, AKI diagnosis holds significance for acute brain injury (ABI) management. (beds.ac.uk)
Injury7
  • Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is physical injury to brain tissue that temporarily or permanently impairs brain function. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Approximately 1.4 million people sustain traumatic brain injury (TBI) annually in the United States resulting in more than 50,000 deaths. (medscape.com)
  • SAH may occur as a result of a head injury or spontaneously, usually from a ruptured cerebral aneurysm. (wikipedia.org)
  • We are also interested in how the brain may reorganize in the face of injury. (dana-farber.org)
  • Glasgow coma scale pupil score (GCS-P) and the hospital mortality in severe traumatic brain injury: analysis of 1,066 Brazilian patients. (dana-farber.org)
  • Approximately 20% of patients with acute brain injury (ABI) also experience acute kidney injury (AKI), which worsens their outcomes. (beds.ac.uk)
  • The metabolic and inflammatory changes associated with AKI likely contribute to prolonged brain injury and edema. (beds.ac.uk)
Congenital1
  • A congenital intracranial saccular or berry aneurysm is the cause in about 85% of patients. (msdmanuals.com)
Clinically1
  • Hypertonic saline (HS) has been successfully used clinically for treatment of various forms of cerebral edema. (biomedcentral.com)
Seizure1
Disruption1
  • Global cerebral edema occurs after SAH and is associated with BBB disruption. (ajnr.org)
Tissue1
Cerebrovascular1
  • Background Cerebrovascular dysregulation syndromes, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), are challenging to diagnose because they are rare and require advanced neuroimaging for confirmation. (bvsalud.org)
Permeability5
  • Blood-brain barrier permeability is not routinely evaluated in the clinical setting. (ajnr.org)
  • Our purpose was to apply blood-brain barrier permeability imaging in patients with global cerebral edema by using extended CT perfusion. (ajnr.org)
  • Extended CTP was used to evaluate blood-brain barrier permeability in patients with SAH with and without global cerebral edema. (ajnr.org)
  • K ep is an important indicator of altered blood-brain barrier permeability in patients with decreased blood flow, as K ep is flow-independent. (ajnr.org)
  • Further study of blood-brain barrier permeability is needed to improve diagnosis and monitoring of global cerebral edema. (ajnr.org)
Symptoms1
  • Deep sedation and strict blood pressure control resulted in a rapid improvement of her symptoms, and she was discharged without sequelae. (bvsalud.org)
Detection2
  • Detection of global cerebral edema using current imaging techniques is challenging. (ajnr.org)
  • The advent of head CT and brain MRI have greatly improved the detection, localization, and characterization of brain hemorrhages. (medlink.com)
Molecular1
  • We use multiple functional brain mapping techniques (fMRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and intracranial EEG) and structural and molecular imaging techniques to better define individual functional anatomy in patients with neurosurgical diseases, cross-validate information acquired through different techniques, and gain a better understanding of the relationship between these different brain signals. (dana-farber.org)
Mortality1
  • This high mortality rate is attributed to the systemic impact of AKI on the brain, heart, lungs, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, linking AKI to various syndromes (Additional file 1 ) [ 2 ]. (beds.ac.uk)
Herniation2
  • Isolated dilation of a pupil and loss of the pupillary light reflex may reflect brain herniation as a result of rising intracranial pressure (pressure inside the skull). (wikipedia.org)
  • Care must be taken not to perform lumbar punctures in patients who are at risk for brain herniation or are manifesting signs of impending herniation. (medscape.com)
Patients6
  • Dr. Golby's research involves the application of brain mapping techniques to neurosurgical patients as well as neuroscientific investigations into the brain basis of neurologic functions. (dana-farber.org)
  • These efforts are centered on improving surgery for patients with epilepsy and brain tumors, particularly those whose pathology is intimately involved with critical brain regions. (dana-farber.org)
  • Directionally encoded color track density imaging in brain tumor patients: A potential application to neuro-oncology surgical planning. (dana-farber.org)
  • Patients with SAH underwent CTP in the early phase after aneurysmal rupture (days 0-3) and were classified as having global cerebral edema or nonglobal cerebral edema using established noncontrast CT criteria. (ajnr.org)
  • Most patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage have high blood pressure. (medlink.com)
  • This is a cross-sectional observational design study with retrospective review of medical records of patients with brain metastases treated with VMAT- RS between 2012 and 2018. (preprints.org)
Injuries1
  • Up-regulated expression of Na-K-Cl Cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) has been demonstrated to be closely associated with the pathogenesis of cerebral edema resulting from a variety of brain injuries. (biomedcentral.com)
Commonly1
  • Whole-brain radiation therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery are two treatment modalities commonly utilized to treat brain metastases (BMs). (preprints.org)
Elicits1
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
Occur3
  • Medications such as labetalol may be required to lower the blood pressure until repair can occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intraocular hemorrhage (bleeding into the eyeball) may occur in response to the raised pressure: subhyaloid hemorrhage (bleeding under the hyaloid membrane, which envelops the vitreous body of the eye) and vitreous hemorrhage may be visible on fundoscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Posthypoxic cerebral hypoperfusion may occur. (medscape.com)
Sodium1
  • In some instances, low serum sodium is due to cerebral salt wasting rather than SIADH. (medscape.com)
Result1
  • This study aimed to explore if alleviation of cerebral edema by 10% HS might be effected through down-regulation of inflammatory mediator expression in the microglia, and thus result in decreased NKCC1 expression in astrocytes in the cerebral cortex bordering the ischemic core. (biomedcentral.com)
Rapid1
Blood pressure2
Principles1
  • For a detailed discussion about intracranial DAVFs, please refer to the Principles of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas chapter. (neurosurgicalatlas.com)
Treatment1
  • This suggests that ion channel transporters related to water transport whose expression is localized in astrocytes and other cerebral cell types are potential therapeutic targets in HS treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Epilepsy1
  • Clinical and demographic data, with special attention to sex, age, primary tumor, brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE), number and brain location of BMs, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), the updated DS-GPA prognostic index and the survival estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier model from the date of radiosurgery were analyzed. (preprints.org)
Signs1
Important1
Risk1
Imaging studies1