ThermodynamicCorrelationsSpinPhenomenaDynamical fluctuationsNature of the phase transitionsHeavy ion collisionsMenopausal transitionTopological phaseUniversalityEntropyMacroscopicOccurMagnetic phaseDiagramDiscontinuousDrivenMenopauseTemperatureSuperconductorsUndergoMottDensityLiquidsPerturbationBehaviourThermalDecreaseProbeStructuralRoleSuperfluidPhysicsCrossoverSpontaneousRevealsMetal-insulatorOccursStrongly correlatedSimilarlyCriticalReproductivePostmenopauseModelsStructuresHormoneParameterInterplay
Thermodynamic7
- In this paper, we address the consequences of the diverging metastability lifetime -- a hallmark of discontinuous transitions -- in the fluctuations of arbitrary thermodynamic currents, including the entropy production. (arxiv.org)
- We formulate and solve the renormalization group flow equation for the scale-dependent thermodynamic potential in the presence of the gluonic background field at finite temperature and density [1] and determine the phase diagram of the PQM model in the FRG approach [2]. (cern.ch)
- Local thermodynamic measurements of a twisted transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructure reveal competition between unconventional charge order and Hofstadter states. (nature.com)
- When temperatures fall this low, thermodynamic fluctuations practically disappear, and quantum fluctuations are observed, constituting the "medium" in which interactions among electrons take place. (eurekalert.org)
- It provides a bridge between the microscopic world of particles and the macroscopic world that we can observe, explaining phenomena like the behaviour of liquids and gases, phase transitions, and the thermodynamic properties of materials. (mpg.de)
- Papers on materials include the following topics: gadolinium and its alloys, manganite materials, thermodynamic models for magnetic materials, progress in the development of industrial permanent magnets, the barocaloric effect, magnetocaloric effects, phase transition, magnetic entropy change, effect of spin fluctuations. (iifiir.org)
- Research at Mathematical Physics in this area concerns novel types of few- and many-body quantum systems with cold atoms at the crossover between microscopic and "thermodynamic" behavior, studying precursors of phase transitions and hitherto unknown states of quantum matter in finite quantum systems. (lu.se)
Correlations7
- Event-by-event fluctuations and correlations between particles produced in relativistic nuclear collisions are studied. (arxiv-vanity.com)
- The fluctuations in positive, negative, total and net charge are closely related through correlations. (arxiv-vanity.com)
- The importance of fluctuations and correlations is exemplified by event-by-event measurement of the multiplicities of J / Ψ 's and charged particles since these observables should anti-correlate in the presence of co-mover or anomalous absorption. (arxiv-vanity.com)
- and, with the higher multiplicities of RHIC and LHC, will become an important tool for studying the anomalous fluctuations and correlations that might remain following the phase transition to a quark-gluon plasma (QGP). (arxiv-vanity.com)
- Here, we shall consider multiplicity fluctuations in some generality to see how they are affected by conservation of total charge and strangeness, to understand the correlations between various measured fluctuations, and to show how their measurement can reveal interesting details of the collision process. (arxiv-vanity.com)
- The starting point for these transitions is the strong correlations between electrons and certain materials, which enable us to understand this type of state change," Larrea said. (eurekalert.org)
- Nonequilibrium phase transitions, fluctuations and correlations in an active contractile polar fluid. (ncbs.res.in)
Spin13
- Detecting their internal structure and dynamics clarifies the involvement of spin fluctuations in their binding and recombination processes. (nature.com)
- Spin fluctuation and transition have always been one of central topics of magnetism and condense matter science. (aps.org)
- A part of neutrons injected into a sample is scattered by spin fluctuation inside the sample. (aps.org)
- This process transcribes the spin fluctuation onto scattering intensity, which is commonly represented by dynamical magnetic susceptibility of the sample and is maximized at magnetic phase transitions. (aps.org)
- not only a neutron beam, spin current is also a flux of spin without an electric charge and its transport reflects spin fluctuation in a sample. (aps.org)
- We demonstrate detection of anti-ferromagnetic transition in ultra-thin CoO films via frequency dependent spin-current transmission measurements. (aps.org)
- Interest in many strongly spin-orbit-coupled 5d -transition metal oxide insulators stems from mapping their electronic structures to a J eff =1/2 Mott phase. (nature.com)
- Our results demonstrate a surprising parallel between doped 5 d - and 3 d -electron Mott systems and suggest either through the near-degeneracy of nearby electronic phases or direct carrier localization that U is essential to the carrier response of this doped spin-orbit Mott insulator. (nature.com)
- Doping this spin-orbit Mott phase has since generated predictions of stabilizing states analogous to those found in doped strongly correlated 3 d -electron Mott insulators such as the high-temperature cuprate superconductors 4 . (nature.com)
- This reduced gap renders the Sr-327 system a fortuitous starting point for perturbing the spin-orbit Mott phase and exploring carrier-induced electronic phase behaviour as the system is driven toward the metallic regime. (nature.com)
- The resulting electronic phase diagram also reveals the surprising persistence of antiferromagnetic (AF) order deep into the metallic phase and suggests emergent itinerant magnetism at the interface between the AF-ordered spin-orbit Mott phase of Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 and the nearly magnetic Fermi liquid electronic phase of Sr 3 Ru 2 O 7 . (nature.com)
- Spin Glass-Ferromagnetic Phase Transition in Amorphous (Fe x Ni 1-x ) .75 P .16 B .06 Al .03 , J. W. Lynn, R. W. Erwin, J. J. Rhyne and H. S. Chen, J. Appl. (nist.gov)
- Influence of spin fluctuations on structural phase transitions of iron. (icams.de)
Phenomena2
- Quantum disorder and chaos generate a multitude of phenomena including strong quantum fluctuations in observables, single and many particle quantum localization, and various types of unique quantum phase transitions. (uni-koeln.de)
- We demonstrate that optical injection of quantum confined excitons in this system realizes the two main features that ubiquitously pervade the phase diagram of many quantum materials: collective phenomena, in which long-range orders emerge from incoherent fluctuations, and the excitonic Mott transition, which has one-to-one. (lu.se)
Dynamical fluctuations1
- We analyse dynamical fluctuations in some of these models using large deviation theory. (cam.ac.uk)
Nature of the phase transitions3
- We have worked on determining the magnetic structures and the nature of the phase transitions in a wide variety of materials. (nist.gov)
- The nature of the phase transitions in these models is of great importance in modern physics, and yet remains poorly understood. (kth.se)
- The nature of the phase transitions for small N is an outstanding open question. (kth.se)
Heavy ion collisions1
- We discuss their role as probes of deconfinement and the chiral phase transition in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. (cern.ch)
Menopausal transition14
- Reproductive stage includes the time from a woman's first menstrual period through the menopausal transition. (msdmanuals.com)
- Menopausal transition is the phase that leads up to the final menstrual period. (msdmanuals.com)
- The menopausal transition lasts from 4 to 8 years. (msdmanuals.com)
- Research shows that, on average, Black women experience more years of menopausal transition than White women. (msdmanuals.com)
- Perimenopause is part of the menopausal transition and refers to the several years before and the 1 year after the final menstrual period. (msdmanuals.com)
- Many of the symptoms people commonly associate with menopause actually occur during perimenopause (also called the menopausal transition), which refers to the several years before and the year after the last menstrual period. (msdmanuals.com)
- Following the menopausal transition, which lasts four years on average, women enter the postmenopause phase, which refers to the time after the last menstrual period. (msdmanuals.com)
- Menopausal transition, or perimenopause, is the period between the onset of irregular menstrual cycles and the last menstrual period. (medscape.com)
- [ 4 ] During the menopausal transition, estrogen levels decline and levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) increase. (medscape.com)
- The Penn Ovarian Aging Study, a cohort study, found depressive symptoms to be increased during the menopausal transition and decreased after menopause. (medscape.com)
- the women experienced most symptoms of depression during the menopausal transition. (medscape.com)
- they found that women who entered perimenopause were twice as likely to have clinically significant depressive symptoms as women who had not yet made the menopausal transition. (medscape.com)
- [ 11 ] Higher testosterone levels may directly lead to higher depressive symptoms during the menopausal transition. (medscape.com)
- Insomnia occurs in 40-50% of women during the menopausal transition, and problems with sleep may or may not be connected to mood disorders. (medscape.com)
Topological phase2
- Researchers find that a phenomenon called multifractality manifests in the conductance fluctuations of a 2D electron gas as the gas undergoes a topological phase transition. (aps.org)
- And how do we understand the physics of topological phase transitions driven by disorder? (uni-koeln.de)
Universality1
- They are a source of fluctuations as much as of simplicity and universality. (uni-koeln.de)
Entropy1
- Further analysis indicates that such nontrivial entropy curves can be attributable to the adsorption-induced solid-to-liquid phase transitions of the charged clusters under finite temperature conditions. (acs.org)
Macroscopic5
- Discontinuous phase transitions out of equilibrium can be characterized by the behavior of macroscopic stochastic currents. (arxiv.org)
- The recently formulated macroscopic fluctuation theory is a successful description of out of equilibrium diffusive systems. (technion.ac.il)
- I will focus on current fluctuations of boundary driven systems within the macroscopic theory description, and discuss the relevance of the additivity principle to derive the large deviation function associated with the current fluctuations. (technion.ac.il)
- The surface area Ω ( E ) {\displaystyle \Omega (E)} has its legs in two worlds: (i) the macroscopic one in which it is considered a function of the energy, and the other extensive variables, like the volume, that have been held constant in the differentiation of the phase volume, and (ii) the microscopic world where it represents the number of complexions that is compatible with a given macroscopic state. (wikipedia.org)
- When brought to sufficiently low temperatures, a dilute gas of bosonic atoms may undergo a phase transition to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), bringing microscopic quantum effects onto a macroscopic scale. (lu.se)
Occur7
- As a result of interactions between land prices and capital accumulation, the macroeconomy changes endogenously between stable and unstable states- "endogenous phase transitions" occur. (ox.ac.uk)
- We analyze the set of parameter values for which such macroeconomic fluctuations occur and show how policy interventions can affect stability. (ox.ac.uk)
- In statistical mechanics, thermal fluctuations are random deviations of an atomic system from its average state, that occur in a system at equilibrium. (wikipedia.org)
- The common phase transitions are those that occur as a function of temperature variation. (eurekalert.org)
- They occur in the vicinity of absolute zero [-273.15 °C] and are associated with quantum fluctuations. (eurekalert.org)
- A unifying perspective of common motifs that occur across disparate classes of materials harboring displacive phase transitions. (icams.de)
- At the conclusion of this session, participants will be able to accomplish the following: Identify signs and symptoms of long COVID which occur after the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, identify potential multidisciplinary teams for patient care, describe common challenges to post-acute COVID-19 care, and finally, describe examples of patient-centered, interdisciplinary, post-acute COVID-19 care. (cdc.gov)
Magnetic phase1
- Investigation of the Modulated Magnetic Phase of HoMo 6 S 8 , J. W. Lynn, R. Pynn, J. Joffrin, J. L. Ragazzoni and R. N. Shelton, Phys. (nist.gov)
Diagram1
- Now, the phase diagram of a transition metal dichalcogenide bilayer shows correlated states arising from both types of band. (nature.com)
Discontinuous3
- Our results are then further verified in two paradigmatic models of discontinuous transitions: Schl\"ogl's model of chemical reactions, and a $12$-states Potts model subject to two baths at different temperatures. (arxiv.org)
- The direct transitions from fully ordered to fully disordered phases have been reported to be continuous for N = 1 and N = 183, and discontinuous for N = 2. (kth.se)
- We demonstrate that the degree of discontinuity of the direct transitions increases with N, at least for small N, and that the transitions from paired phases to fully disordered phases can be discontinuous. (kth.se)
Driven3
- Surface Oxygen Passivation-Driven Large Anomalous Hall Conductivity in Early Transition Metal-Based Nitride MXenes: Can AHC Be a Tool to Determine Functional Groups in 2D Ferro(i)magnets? (researchgate.net)
- A SOC-assisted Mott phase results, allowing an unexpected manifestation of correlation-driven physics in materials with extended 5 d -electron wave functions. (nature.com)
- Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) involve transformations between different states of matter that are driven by quantum fluctuations. (harvard.edu)
Menopause6
- Hormones shift throughout women's lives, and changes in estrogen, progesterone and other hormones can lead to recurring sleep problems well before the transition to menopause actively begins. (psychologytoday.com)
- The amount of time a woman spends in perimenopause can vary widely-this stage of the menopause transition typically lasts between 3-5 years, but it can last for as long as 10. (psychologytoday.com)
- Yet society too often focuses on the difficulties of menopause rather than on it as a milestone that brings a new phase of confidence and leadership in many cultures around the world. (msdmanuals.com)
- As a result, many myths and misconceptions about menopause persist, leaving women and those around them to take on the task of separating fact from fiction as they seek to understand this life transition. (msdmanuals.com)
- Although most women transition to menopause without experiencing psychiatric problems, an estimated 20% have depression at some point during menopause. (medscape.com)
- However, in the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health, women who were transitioning into menopause were more likely to report severe sleep difficulty than women who were premenopausal. (medscape.com)
Temperature4
- All thermal fluctuations become larger and more frequent as the temperature increases, and likewise they decrease as temperature approaches absolute zero. (wikipedia.org)
- Thermal fluctuations are a basic manifestation of the temperature of systems: A system at nonzero temperature does not stay in its equilibrium microscopic state, but instead randomly samples all possible states, with probabilities given by the Boltzmann distribution. (wikipedia.org)
- However, there are also phase transitions that do not depend on temperature. (eurekalert.org)
- Fermionic atoms confined in a potential created by standing wave light can undergo a phase transition to a superfluid state at a dramatically increased transition temperature. (harvard.edu)
Superconductors4
- The origin of nematicity in kagome superconductors has been hard to explain due to other entangled phases. (nature.com)
- Neutron Scattering Studies of Phase Transitions in Superconductors, J. W. Lynn, J. Less Comm. (nist.gov)
- Also, we show that the possible combinations of signs of the couplings can for any N be divided into equivalence classes in a way that is related to the graph-theoretical concept of Seidel switching.In the second paper, we consider fluctuation effects in models of SU(N) symmetric superconductors. (kth.se)
- these lattices involve structures that are not simply hexagonal and differ between components.In the third paper, we consider fluctuation effects in London models of U(1)^N symmetric superconductors. (kth.se)
Undergo1
- During this time, precursor cells undergo interkinetic nuclear migration ( Seymour and Berry, 1975 ) in which cells in the DNA synthetic S phase have their nuclei in the upper third of the VZ. (jneurosci.org)
Mott3
- Here we show that, upon hole-doping a candidate J eff =1/2 Mott insulator, carriers remain localized within a nanoscale phase-separated ground state. (nature.com)
- To date however, the role of Coulomb interactions in the doped J eff =1/2 Mott phase remains contentious with no direct observations of correlated electronic phase behaviour. (nature.com)
- Our combined transport, magnetization, neutron scattering and scanning-tunnelling spectroscopy (STS) studies show that the Mott insulating state of Sr 3 Ir 2 O 7 is remarkably robust as the in-plane doped holes remain largely localized within a nanoscale phase-separated ground state and only generate a metal-insulator transition (MIT) near the two-dimensional (2D) percolation threshold. (nature.com)
Density5
- Of particular phenomenological importance are studies of such fluctuations at finite baryon density. (cern.ch)
- A valuable tool for assessing critical fluctuations and the thermodynamics at non-vanishing baryon density is provided by effective chiral models. (cern.ch)
- We also consider properties of the net-quark number density fluctuations as well as their higher cumulants [3] and discuss the influence of nonperturbative effects on their properties near the chiral crossover transition. (cern.ch)
- With increasing net-quark number density, the higher order cumulants show a strong dependence on the chiral crossover transition. (cern.ch)
- If the colliding system experiences strong density fluctuations due, e.g., to droplet formation in a first-order phase transition, all fluctuations can be enhanced substantially. (arxiv-vanity.com)
Liquids1
- These novel quantum liquids stabilize because of quantum fluctuations. (lu.se)
Perturbation1
- Similarly, with quantum phase transitions, adding some external perturbation to a superconductor - such as applying pressure or putting it in a magnetic field - can cause its properties to change, sometimes dramatically. (harvard.edu)
Behaviour1
- Responsive Hydrogel Colloids: Structure, Interactions, Phase Behaviour and Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Transitions of Microgel Dispersions. (lu.se)
Thermal4
- Thermal fluctuations generally affect all the degrees of freedom of a system: There can be random vibrations (phonons), random rotations (rotons), random electronic excitations, and so forth. (wikipedia.org)
- Thermal fluctuations are a source of noise in many systems. (wikipedia.org)
- The random forces that give rise to thermal fluctuations are a source of both diffusion and dissipation (including damping and viscosity). (wikipedia.org)
- Thermal fluctuations play a major role in phase transitions and chemical kinetics. (wikipedia.org)
Decrease1
- In annealing methods, we introduce a controllable parameter which represents a kind of fluctuation and decrease the parameter gradually. (harvard.edu)
Probe1
- The advantages and restrictions of using a polymer as a probe to perform fluctuation rheology are considered. (edpsciences.org)
Structural2
- We find that, for fields applied along the b axis, there is a coexistence of distinct structural phases in the intermediate field regime (H=4-7 T) around the IC-C-phase transition. (illinois.edu)
- Automated workflows together with high-throughput calculations are used to explore the chemical phase space of binary and ternary compounds, to validate trends in structural stability that are predicted by simplified models, and for a systematic analysis of interatomic potentials. (icams.de)
Role2
- In a quantum phase transition, the role of heat is played by the fluctuations demanded by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. (harvard.edu)
- It is increasingly evident that quantum critical points (QCPs) where magnetic order is suppressed to T=0 play a central role in the phase diagrams of most classes of strongly correlated electron materials. (utoronto.ca)
Superfluid1
- In close collaboration between theory and experiment, we found a few-body precursor of a quantum phase transition from a normal to a superfluid phase, signaled by the softening of a mode analogous to the Higgs mechanism in particle physics. (lu.se)
Physics1
- The physics of topological phases of matter has become one of the most exciting fields of modern physics. (uni-koeln.de)
Crossover1
- In this paper, we discuss whether even a crossover transition can leave an imprint that cosmological observations can seek or, vice versa, if there are questions cosmology should address to QCD specialists. (mdpi.com)
Spontaneous2
- Using an intact cortical mantle and confocal laser microscopy, we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of spontaneous [Ca 2+ ] i fluctuations in neocortical ventricular zone (VZ) cells in situ . (jneurosci.org)
- Examples include partially ordered phases and spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry due to frustration between Josephson-coupled components. (kth.se)
Reveals2
- By carefully examining the evolution of magneto-elastic modes in various phases of TbMnO3, our study reveals several features of the field-induced incommensurate-commensurate (IC-C) transition in TbMnO3. (illinois.edu)
- This reveals several dynamical phase transitions. (cam.ac.uk)
Metal-insulator1
- A percolative metal-insulator transition occurs with interplay between localized and itinerant regions, stabilizing an antiferromagnetic metallic phase beyond the critical region. (nature.com)
Occurs1
- Growth occurs in two phases: spring growth and autumnal growth, separated by the summer rest period. (afs-journal.org)
Strongly correlated1
- Multiplicity fluctuations between various kinds of particles can be strongly correlated. (arxiv-vanity.com)
Similarly1
- Ice changes phase to become liquid water at 0 °C. Liquid water changes phase to become water vapor at 100 °C. Similarly, magnetic materials become nonmagnetic at critical temperatures. (eurekalert.org)
Critical3
- Now this phenomenon is observed in an antiferromagnet and is enhanced by the critical fluctuations associated with a phase transition. (nature.com)
- A study involving experiments under extreme conditions, especially ultralow temperatures and intense magnetic fields, and accompanied by theoretical interpretation of the experimental results explored this type of situation and investigated the quantum critical point manifested in a highly unusual transition. (eurekalert.org)
- While there are many well-established measures for identifying critical fluctuations and phase transitions, these measures only work with many points of measurement and thus are unreliable when studying short and coarse-grained time series. (ethz.ch)
Reproductive1
- [ 8 ] The strongest predictor of depressed mood was a prior history of depression, along with fluctuations in reproductive hormone levels associated with depressed mood. (medscape.com)
Postmenopause1
- Postmenopause is the phase following the last menstrual period. (medscape.com)
Models2
- These models are of central interest due to the theory of deconfined quantum criticality, according to which such gauge theories may describe phase transitions beyond the Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson paradigm. (kth.se)
- By considering fluctuation effects in phase-frustrated three-component Ginzburg-Landau models, we place constraints on the models used to describe the material in question. (kth.se)
Structures1
- A specialized transition Minister will also consider structures. (luminexgroup.org)
Hormone1
- These hormone fluctuations are thought to cause the menopausal symptoms experienced by many women in their 40s. (msdmanuals.com)
Parameter1
- including effects of resonances, acceptance, and impact parameter fluctuations. (arxiv-vanity.com)
Interplay1
- We highlight the interplay between integration window and metastability lifetime, which is not manifested in the average current, but strongly influences the fluctuations. (arxiv.org)